abstract: Transfer learning is a sub-field of statistical modeling and machine learning. It refers to methods that integrate the knowledge of other domains (called source domains) and the data of the target domain in a mathematically rigorous and intelligent way, to develop a better model for the target domain than a model using the data of the target domain alone. While transfer learning is a promising approach in various application domains, my dissertation research focuses on the particular application in health care, including telemonitoring of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and radiomics for glioblastoma. The first topic is a Mixed Effects Transfer Learning (METL) model that can flexibly incorporate mixed effects and a general-form covariance matrix to better account for similarity and heterogeneity across subjects. I further develop computationally efficient procedures to handle unknown parameters and large covariance structures. Domain relations, such as domain similarity and domain covariance structure, are automatically quantified in the estimation steps. I demonstrate METL in an application of smartphone-based telemonitoring of PD. The second topic focuses on an MRI-based transfer learning algorithm for non-invasive surgical guidance of glioblastoma patients. Limited biopsy samples per patient create a challenge to build a patient-specific model for glioblastoma. A transfer learning framework helps to leverage other patient’s knowledge for building a better predictive model. When modeling a target patient, not every patient’s information is helpful. Deciding the subset of other patients from which to transfer information to the modeling of the target patient is an important task to build an accurate predictive model. I define the subset of “transferrable” patients as those who have a positive rCBV-cell density correlation, because a positive correlation is confirmed by imaging theory and the its respective literature. The last topic is a Privacy-Preserving Positive Transfer Learning (P3TL) model. Although negative transfer has been recognized as an important issue by the transfer learning research community, there is a lack of theoretical studies in evaluating the risk of negative transfer for a transfer learning method and identifying what causes the negative transfer. My work addresses this issue. Driven by the theoretical insights, I extend Bayesian Parameter Transfer (BPT) to a new method, i.e., P3TL. The unique features of P3TL include intelligent selection of patients to transfer in order to avoid negative transfer and maintain patient privacy. These features make P3TL an excellent model for telemonitoring of PD using an At-Home Testing Device. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Industrial Engineering 2018

[pt] A presente dissertação pretende investigar o paradoxo da pulsão de morte: se, por um lado, os movimentos destrutivos que esta coloca em ação são claramente observados na clínica psicanalítica, por outro, nos interessa apontar a possibilidade de criação que a mesma propicia ao desfazer as ligações já estabelecidas, colocando o psiquismo frente ao irrepresentável que o movimenta. Para tanto, estudaremos o trabalho do negativo, tendo em vista que essa teorização nos permite examinar a ação da pulsão de morte em sua face estruturante e em sua face desestruturante do aparato psíquico. No que se refere a sua ação desorganizadora, pensaremos os efeitos patológicos da ação da pulsão de morte como efeitos colaterais de uma tentativa radical de sobrevivência a um objeto primário absoluto, portanto, como um esforço de subjetivação. / [en] The present dissertation aims to investigate the paradox of the death drive: the destructive movements that are put into action are clearly observed in the psychoanalytic clinic, but in contrast we point out the possibility of creation that it facilitates by undoing what is already established, placing the psyche in front of the unrepresentable that makes it move. Therefore, we will study the work of the negative in view that this theorization allows us to examine the action of the death drive in its structuring perspective and in its deconstructing view of the psychic apparatus. With regard to their disorganizing action, we will think of the pathological effects of the death drive as the side effects of a radical attempt to survive an absolute primary object, therefore, as an effort of subjectivation.

A presente tese consiste em percurso pelas concepções de manejo das transferências negativas nas produções de Freud, Ferenczi e Winnicott, explicitando os diferentes sentidos e enquadres da resistência e da destrutividade na teoria da clínica de cada um desses autores, e também ensaiando pontos de contato entre eles. Como fio condutor, ou como visada ética, a valorização de uma dimensão de positividade da destruição na clínica psicanalítica na medida em que, promotora de diferenças e limites, está implicada nos caminhos das transferências em análise. Ao longo do percurso, o estudo de figuras de submissão na clínica masoquismo em Freud, identificação ao agressor em Ferenczi e falso self em Winnicott nos permite mapear outras vias para o manejo da agressividade, especialmente em situações nas quais a resistência e ódio não aparecem no trabalho analítico ou, se aparecem, não são sentidos como próprios. Em comum entre Freud, Ferenczi e Winnicott, a crítica ao excesso interpretativo e às análises que ocorrem em nível estritamente intelectual. Em Freud, além da interpretação, princípio de abstinência, associação livre/atenção flutuante e luta para superação das resistências, forjados ao longo da primeira tópica, demonstramos que as noções de elaboração, construção, bem como a menção à lenta demolição do superego hostil, permitem o esboço de outras possibilidades de manejo que se desdobram nas teorias de Ferenczi e Winnicott. Em Ferenczi, abordamos o percurso clínico que culmina na elasticidade da técnica analítica e em sua discussão sobre a implicação e limites do analista no manejo do ódio traumático e clivado que reincide na clínica. Em Winnicott, o holding, a regressão à dependência, o brincar, o uso das falhas do analista e a destruição/sobrevivência do analista permitem abordar as diferentes facetas de sua teoria da agressividade no desenvolvimento emocional e diferentes posições do analista no manejo da transferência. Como recurso para explicitar os limites e possibilidades de manejo, a construção do texto é perpassada por extratos de casos clínicos. Em Freud, os casos Dora, Homem dos Ratos, Homem dos Lobos, Jovem Homossexual e AB são abordados; em Ferenczi, algumas considerações sobre a análise de Elisabeth Severn e S.I. são evocados; em Winnicott, são analisados os casos B. e Margaret Little. Por fim, nosso percurso permite afirmar que a possibilidade da destrutividade exercer sua função diferencial depende da disponibilidade do analista de se oferecer como suporte (o que inclui também oposição, resistência e limite) e de se permitir ser destruído e sobreviver à destruição ao longo do trabalho analítico / The present thesis consists of path through the management of negative transfers in Freud\'s, Ferenczi\'s and Winnicott\'s productions by making explicit different framing and meaning of resistance and destructiveness in treatment\'s theory of each of these authors, but also essaying points of contact among them. As a guidewire, or as ethic bias, the valorization of a dimension of positiveness of the destruction in psychoanalytic treatment insofar as, promoter of differences and limits, it is implied in the ways of the transfers in analysis. Along the course, the study of figures of submission in treatment masochism in Freud, identification with the aggressor in Ferenczi and false self in Winnicott allows one to map other ways for the management of aggressiveness, especially in situations in which resistance and hate do not appear in analytic work or, if they do, they are not felt as their own. Common to Freud, Ferenczi and Winnicott, the criticism to the interpretative excess and to analysis that occur in the strictly intellectual level. In Freud, besides interpretation, principle of abstinence, free association / floating attention and fight to overcome the resistances, forged along the first topic, we demonstrate that the notions of working through, construction, as well as the mention to the slow demolition of the hostile super-ego, permit outline other possibilities of management that unfold in Ferenczi\'s and Winnicott\'s theories. In Ferenczi, we approach the clinical course that culminates in the elasticity of the analytical technique and in its discussion about the implications and limits of the analyst in cleaved and traumatic hate management that relapses in treatment. In Winnicott, the holding, the regression to dependence, the play, the use of the analyst\'s fails and destruction/survival permit to approach the different facets of his theory of aggressiveness in emotional development and different positions of the analyst in transfer management. As a resource to make explicit the limits and possibilities of management, the construction of the text is permeated by extracts of clinical cases. In Freud, Dora, Rat Man, Wolf Man, Young Female Homosexual, and AB cases are addressed; in Ferenczi, some considerations about the analysis of Elisabeth Severn and S.I. are evoked; in Winnicott, B. and Margaret Little cases are analyzed. In conclusion, our course permits to affirm that the possibility of destructiveness to exert its differential function depends on the availability of the analyst to offer as a holding himself (which includes also opposition, resistance and limit) and to permit himself to be destroyed and himself to be destroyed and to survive to the destruction along the analytical work

Orientador: José Paes de Almeida nogueira Pinto / Banca: Luiz Carlos de Souza / Banca: Andréa Pereira Pinto / Banca: Rogério Salvador / Banca: Thais Heleno Constantino Patelli / Resumo: O Brasil lidera o ranking de maior exportador de carne bovina no mundo desde 2008. Garantir a segurança microbiológica desses alimentos tem sido um dos principais focos da indústria processadora de carnes. A aplicação de análises nas diversas etapas do processo industrial tem sido vital para implantar e manter programas de autocontrole como o APPCC. Entre as enfermidades mais frequentes causadas pela ingestão de alimentos contaminados, especialmente os de origem animal, destacam-se as salmoneloses, sendo que sua transmissão se dá primariamente pela via fecal oral. Diante disso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo pesquisar a presença de Salmonella spp. em amostras de conteúdo ruminal coletadas durante o abate de bovinos em uma planta frigorífica localizada na região metropolitana de Curitiba - PR. Duzentos e dois animais distribuídos em oito lotes foram avaliados entre os meses de agosto a dezembro de 2013. Ao final do experimento, 37,5% dos lotes mostraram-se positivos para o agente sendo que 2,97% (6/202) das amostras de conteúdo ruminal isolaram o micro-organismo. A totalidade dos animais positivos recebia como alimento apenas pasto de azevém e aveia. Não foi observada a influência de fatores como o estresse do transporte ou temperatura ambiental sobre o isolamento do patógeno. Entretanto a detecção do mesmo sorovar, Salmonella Schwarzengrund na totalidade dos isolamentos nos permite levantar a hipótese de que a contaminação dos animais tenha se dado na própria indústria, a partir das estruturas físicas, responsáveis por conter os bovinos ou conduzi-los ao box de insensibilização / Abstract: Brazil leads the world ranking of bovine meat exportation since 2008. To ensure the microbiological safety of these food products has been one of the primary focuses of the meat processing industry. The application of analyses on diverse stages of the industrial process has been vital for deploy and keeping of self-control programs like APPCC. Beyond the most frequent diseases caused by the ingestion of contaminated food, specially animal origin ones, the salmonellosis stand out being transmitted primarily via fecal-oral route. In light of this, the work had the objective to research the presence of Salmonella spp. in rumen fluid samples collected during cattle slaughter at a slaughtering plant localized in Curitiba's metropolitan area. Two hundred animals distributed over eight lots was evaluated between august and december, 2013. At the end of the experiment, 37.5% of the lots were positive for the agent of which 2.97% (6/202) of samples of rumen contents isolated the micro-organism.The total of the positive animals had been feed with ryegrass pastures and oat. Not the influence of factors like transportation stress or environment temperature over pathogen isolation was observed. However, the detection of the same serovar, Salmonella Schwarzengrund on overall insulation allow us to raise the hypothesis that all animal contamination have been given inside the industry itself, from the infrastructure responsible of holding the cattle or conducting it to the stunning box / Doutor

Nas últimas décadas, a incidência de infecções hospitalares causadas por bactérias Gram-negativas multirresistentes vem crescendo de maneira vertiginosa em todo o mundo, de modo que a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) recentemente reconheceu essas infecções como uma preocupação mundial devido ao seu impacto negativo sobre as taxas de mortalidade intra-hospitalar e dos custos da assistência à saúde, afetando tanto os países desenvolvidos quanto os em desenvolvimento. Atualmente considera-se que o uso racional de antimicrobianos, a higienização das mãos e o isolamento de contato são as principais medidas disponíveis para contenção desse avanço. Porém, elas são apenas parcialmente efetivas e de implementação trabalhosa e onerosa. Assim, considera-se necessário o desenvolvimento de formas mais simples e eficientes para lidar com esse problema. No presente estudo, nos propusemos a avaliar o impacto da administração de um produto simbiótico a pacientes colonizados e/ou infectados por bactérias Gram-negativas multirresistentes sobre a incidência subsequente de infecções hospitalares relacionadas ao trato respiratório e urinário. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado, duplamente cego, controlado com placebo, cuja intervenção consistiu na administração oral ou enteral diária de 1010 unidades de Lactobacillus bulgaricus e 1010 unidades de Lactobacillus rhamnosus associados a fruto-oligosacarídeos durante 7 dias, a pacientes internados em um hospital terciário, com colonização prévia por bactérias Gram-negativas multirresistentes, demonstrada por meio de cultura seletiva de swab retal. O desfecho primário do estudo foi a incidência de infecção hospitalar posterior à intervenção, que, na análise do tipo intenção de tratar foi 18/48 (37,50%) no grupo experimental e 12/53 (22,64%) no grupo controle (odds ratio ajustado=1,95, IC95%=0,69-5,50, p=0,21). Os desfechos secundários principais, também de acordo com a análise intenção de tratar, foram: o tempo de internação hospitalar; sendo a mediana de 17 dias no grupo controle e 31 dias no grupo experimental (p= 0,07), taxas de óbito; com valores de 3,77% no grupo placebo e 8,33% no grupo simbiótico (odds ratio ajustado = 1,34, IC95%= 0,454,00, p= 0,61) e ocorrência de eventos adversos; 7,55% no grupo que utilizou placebo e 6,25% no grupo sob intervenção (p= 1,00). Os dados obtidos pelo estudo nos levam à conclusão de que o simbiótico estudado demonstrou-se inefetivo na prevenção de infecções hospitalares do trato respiratório e urinário em pacientes colonizados e/ou infectados por bactérias Gram-negativas multirresistentes. / In recent decades the incidence of multidrug resistant Gram-negative nosocomial infections has been dramatically raising in the whole world. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently recognized nosocomial infections as a global concern due to its negative impact on patients, health care workers and health care institutions, affecting developed countries as well as developing ones. They negatively impact in-hospital mortality and healthcare related costs. Antibiotic stewardship, hand hygiene promotion and contact precautions are the main available measures to control such multidrug resistant Gram-negative organisms in hospitals. However, they are only partially effective as well as difficult to be implemented and expensive. Therefore, simpler and more effective actions are thought to be helpful and urgent. In the main study, we propose to analyze the impact of the administration of a symbiotic product on patients colonized and/or infected by Gram-negative multidrug resistant bacteria upon the subsequent incidence of respiratory and urinary tract nosocomial infections. A randomized, double- blinded, placebo controlled, clinical trial was proposed in order to provide oral or enteral daily administration of 1010 units of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and 1010 units of L. rhamnosus associated with fructo-oligosacharide (FOS) during 7 days, to previously colonized patients with multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, identified through selective culture of rectal swab, hospitalized in a tertiary-care hospital. The primary outcome was the incidence of nosocomial infections after the intervention, which in the intention to treat analysis was 18/48 (37,50%) in the experimental group versus 12/53 (22,64%) in the control group (adjusted odds ratio= 1,95, IC95%= 0,69-5,50, p=0,21). Secondary outcomes, according to intention to treat analysis, were hospital length of stay: median of 17 days in the control group and 31 days in the symbiotic group (p= 0,07), mortality rates: 3,77% in the placebo group versus 8,33% in the experimental group (adjusted odds ratio = 1,34, IC95%= 0,45 4,00, p= 0,61) and adverse effects: 7,55% in the control group and 6,25% in the intervention group (p= 1,00). The results of this study leads to the conclusion that the studied symbiotic proved to be ineffective to prevent nosocomial respiratory and urinary tract infections in patients colonized and/or infected by Gram-negative multi-resistant bacteria.

Abstract Self- perception is defined as the “distinctive combination of personality characteristics and social style by which one defines oneself and by which one is recognized by others” In children, self-perception can influence how they will approach a new situation, whether that is in school, at home, or a public outing with their family. Our study aims to expand on this research by defining the relationships between proximal influences, global self- worth, self- perception, behavioral conduct and how youth’s temperament influences these variables. We will be using the Rothbart Temperament Questionnaire and the Susan Harter Self- Perception Profiles to obtain data for our study. We hypothesize that youth’s temperament will affect two specific domains on the Susan Harter Self- Perception Profiles. We found that based on parents’ reports of their child’s temperament, a higher level of negative affectivity decreases the child report of self-perceived behavioral conduct.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are events that take place during one’s youth that may be stressful or traumatic (Adverse Childhood Experiences, 2017) and a strong focus within this body of knowledge has been on the experiences of childhood neglect and abuse. Emerging adulthood is a distinct developmental phase of the life course characterized by extensive self-exploration and consideration about the future (Arnett, 2000). Given that identity exploration continues to be important during emerging adulthood, it is important to study ACEs and the effects they have on the emerging adult who is making decisions regarding their future. Much of the literature on ACEs has been dedicated to establishing the relationship between ACEs and negative health outcomes. For instance, research has shown that ACEs have been linked to increased risks for suicide attempt and ideation throughout one’s lifespan (Sachs-Ericsson et. al, 2016) and has also been associated with feelings of anxiety (Briggs & Price, 2009), guilt (Kaess et. al, 2013), and depression (Briggs & Price, 2009). Therefore, ACEs and negative health outcomes have already been strongly confirmed. The positive psychology movement (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2014) has brought to scholars’ attention the need to expand on conceptualizations of what it means to be doing well. Specifically, it is no longer sufficient to define optimal well-being only in terms of the absence of negative outcomes. In order to assess holistic well-being, consideration must also be given to positive factors. A recent review of the literature yielded no studies that have explored the presence, or absence, of positive well-being factors in conjunction to negative health outcomes among those having experienced ACEs. In order to obtain a true understanding of holistic well-being at critical developmental junctures, the current study moves beyond a sole focus on pathology by also considering how life satisfaction and subjective happiness manifest during emerging adulthood in relation to ACEs. Data on 284 participants were collected and analysis is forthcoming. Participants were recruited through the use of physical flyer postings, social media advertisements, and through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (mTurk) system. Regression analysis and bivariate assessments will be used to explore the relationship between ACEs and depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, subjective happiness, and survivor’s guilt. Findings will be discussed in terms of broadening our understanding of the impacts to holistic well being for as related to ACEs during a rather critical and busy developmental juncture, emerging adulthood. Moving beyond pathology-focused models will expand on professional practice by utilizing frameworks embedded within a strengths-based approach. Educators, advocates, practitioners, and clinicians can utilize this this knowledge to enhance their work with clients and the services provided.

Depression is a significant public health problem for young adults of college age, and negative life events exacerbate risk. Not all individuals who experience negative life events, however, report depressive symptoms, perhaps owing to protective characteristics. We examined one such characteristic, trait hope, a goal-oriented construct, as a potential moderator of the association between negative life events and depressive symptoms in an ethnically diverse sample of 386 college students. In support of our hypotheses, negative life events were significantly associated with greater levels of depressive symptoms, and higher levels of hope attenuated this relationship, such that those with greater hope reported fewer depressive symptoms related to potentially traumatic events. The moderating effect of hope did not differ across ethnic groups. Our findings have implications for managing the sequelae of negative life events, including depression. Cognitive–behavioural interventions tailored to help young adults identify and attain important life goals might help to overcome psychopathology associated with life stress. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Book Summary: A teacher’s ability to manage the classroom strongly influences the quality of teaching and learning that can be accomplished. Among the most pressing concerns for inexperienced teachers is classroom management, a concern of equal importance to the general public in light of behavior problems and breakdowns in discipline that grab newspaper headlines. But classroom management is not just about problems and what to do when things go wrong and chaos erupts. It’s about how to run a classroom so as to elicit the best from even the most courteous group of students. An array of skills is needed to produce such a learning environment. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Classroom Management raises issues and introduces evidence-based, real-world strategies for creating and maintaining well-managed classrooms where learning thrives. Students studying to become teachers will need to develop their own classroom management strategies consistent with their own philosophies of teaching and learning. It is hoped that this work will help open their eyes to the range of issues and the array of skills they might integrate into their unique teaching styles.

abstract: ABSTRACT This dissertation investigates the copular/locative and existential predications in Arabic. The main focus is on the typology and syntax of the existential predications. The negation of such predications reveals interesting results. The Negative Existential Cycle (Croft, 1991) is a model that describes the process by which verbal negators arise from existential negators. I discuss data of existentials and negative existentials from Standard Arabic, Saudi Arabic dialect, and Gulf Pidgin Arabic. I argue for canonical vs. non-canonical word orders in copular/locative and existential sentences, respectively. I examine the grammaticalization path of the existentials from their locative content in each language form. Then, I investigate the syntactic word order of the copular/locative and existential constructions in each variety. I investigate the negation of the existential construction in each variety. First, Standard Arabic is shown to be at stage A in the Negative Existential Cycle. The Hijazi and Najdi Arabic spoken by elders show further developments. Hijazi Arabic appears to be at stage B, while Najdi Arabic appears to be at stage B and an intermediate stage B ~ C. Second, I show that in Saudi Arabic the negative existential has been extended to the verbal domain. Saudi Arabic is at stages A, B, and B ~ C, while Qassimi Arabic is at stages A and B. Third, I show that the existential construction in Gulf Pidgin Arabic is only negated by the negative existential predicate, while the verbal sentences are negated by the negative existential and the verbal negator. Therefore, Gulf Pidgin Arabic is at stages B and C in the Negative Existential Cycle. Finally, I discuss the syntax of copular/locative and existential predications in each variety. I propose a unified syntactic structure. Existential and possessive predications are analyzed as inverse copular sentences (Moro, 1997) as opposed to the canonical copular/locative sentences. The unified structure accounts for the agreement facts, such as partial vs. full agreement in existential and copular/locative predications, respectively. The data investigated here will contribute to Arabic comparative and historical linguistics. More Arabic dialects’ data is needed to determine their stages in the Negative Existential Cycle. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation English 2019