Spelling suggestions: "subject:"serve growth factor."" "subject:"nerve growth factor.""
91 |
Contribution to the physiopathology, symptomatology and treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosisAnaf, Vincent 15 December 2004 (has links)
L’endométriose est définie comme la présence de tissu endométrial et de stroma en dehors de la cavité utérine. Ses localisations les plus fréquentes sont le péritoine pelvien et les ovaires. L’endométriose infiltrante est classiquement décrite comme la présence de tissu endométriotique plus de cinq millimètres sous le péritoine pelvien ou la séreuse d’un organe. Histologiquement il s’agit d’une lésion endométriotique mais qui contrairement aux lésions ovariennes ou péritonéales contient significativement plus de muscle lisse et de fibrose et est davantage associée à la douleur. Les lésions infiltrantes peuvent être responsables de dysménorrhée, dyspareunie profonde et douleurs pelviennes chroniques sévères ayant un charactère hyperalgique tel qu’on peut le retrouver dans les douleurs neuropathiques. Ces douleurs nécessitent souvent la prise de quantités importantes d’antalgiques et ont des répercussions importantes sur la vie professionnelle, quotidienne et sexuelle des femmes atteintes. L’endométriose infiltrante présente un rapport histologique étroit avec les structures nerveuses du rétropéritoine ou les nerfs des organes atteints. Dans sa localisation rectovaginale il existe une relation histologique étroite entre les lésions d’endométriose et les nerfs ainsi qu’une correlation entre l’intensité de la douleur et le nombre de structures nerveuses envahies par l’endometriose ou engaînées dans la fibrose. Ces lésions infiltrantes expriment le «nerve growth factor» (NGF), une neurotrophine qui joue un rôle clé dans la genèse de l’hyperalgie et de la douleur. Les structures nerveuses du rétropéritoine pelvien expriment quant à elles le récepteur spécifique pour la neurotrophine NGF. Le système «NGF-récepteur spécifique» peut être responsable d’un chimiotactisme tissulaire entre les tissus sécrétant du NGF et les nerfs qui expriment le récepteur pour le NGF. Le système «NGF- récepteur spécifique» au sein de la relation endométriose-nerfs pourrait rendre compte du caractère hyperalgique des lésions endométriotiques infiltrantes ainsi, qu’expliquer pourquoi les lésions nodulaires n’apparaissent que dans les sites anatomiques richement innervés (ligaments utérosacrés, lame rectovaginale, paroi du rectum ou du côlon…) et pas ailleurs. Le traitement de première intention est chirurgical. Il convient d’être suffisamment agressif sur les lésions tout en engendrant le moins de séquelles postopératoires possibles sachant que nombre de ces femmes sont stériles. En cas d’atteinte digestive basse, les modalités de l’intervention sont dictées par l’extension et le degré d’infiltration de la paroi digestive. Dans le but de réaliser dans la majorité des cas une chirurgie minimalement invasive (laparoscopique) avec des cicatrices de petites tailles, nous avons développé une stratégie de traitement basée sur le degré d’infiltration de la paroi digestive. Dans ce cadre nous avons développé une technique laparo-assistée de résection colique segmentaire et de résection antérieure du rectum. / Doctorat en sciences médicales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
|
92 |
MYC and E1A Oncogenes Alter the Response of PC12 Cells to Nerve Growth Factor and Block Differentiation: A ThesisSchiavi, Susan C. 01 August 1988 (has links)
PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells respond to nerve growth factor (NGF) by neuronal differentiation and partial growth arrest. Mouse c-myc and adenovirus E1A genes were introduced into PC12 cells to study the influence of these nuclear oncogenes on neuronal differentiation. Expression of myc and E1A blocked morphological differentiation and caused NGF to stimulate rather than inhibit cell proliferation. NGF binding to cell surface receptors, activation of ribosomal S6 kinase, and ornithine decarboxylase induction were similar in myc and E1A expressing clones compared with wild-type PC12 cells, suggesting that changes in the cellular response to NGF were at a post-receptor level. The ability of myc and E1A expression to block the transcription-dependent induction of microtubule associated proteins by NGF further suggested that these genes may inhibit differentiation by interfering with NGP's ability to regulate transcription. These results illustrate that NGF can promote either growth or differentiation of PC12 cells, and that myc or E1A alter the phenotypic responses to growth factors.
|
93 |
Neuroteratology and Animal Modeling of Brain DisordersArcher, Trevor, Kostrzewa, Richard M. 09 February 2016 (has links)
Over the past 60 years, a large number of selective neurotoxins were discovered and developed, making it possible to animal-model a broad range of human neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this paper, we highlight those neurotoxins that are most commonly used as neuroteratologic agents, to either produce lifelong destruction of neurons of a particular phenotype, or a group of neurons linked by a specific class of transporter proteins (i.e., dopamine transporter) or body of receptors for a specific neurotransmitter (i.e., NMDA class of glutamate receptors). Actions of a range of neurotoxins are described: 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 6-hydroxydopa, DSP-4, MPTP, methamphetamine, IgG-saporin, domoate, NMDA receptor antagonists, and valproate. Their neuroteratologic features are outlined, as well as those of nerve growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and that of stress. The value of each of these neurotoxins in animal modeling of human neurologic, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders is discussed in terms of the respective value as well as limitations of the derived animal model. Neuroteratologic agents have proven to be of immense importance for understanding how associated neural systems in human neural disorders may be better targeted by new therapeutic agents.
|
94 |
Micropatterning Neuronal Networks on Nanofiber PlatformsMalkoc, Veysi 27 August 2013 (has links)
No description available.
|
95 |
Development and Implementation of Multi-Cued Guidance Strategies for Axonal RegenerationMcCormick, Aleesha Marie January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
|
96 |
Avaliação dos biomarcadores urinários de inflamação e de remodelação tecidual na disfunção vesical em pacientes com hiperplasia prostática benigna / Evaluation of urinary biomarkers of inflammation and tissue remodeling in bladder dysfunction in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasiaConti, Paulo Sajovic de 08 February 2019 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A HD está presente em aproximadamente 50% dos pacientes com OIV devido HPB e 30% dos casos não apresentarão melhora após o tratamento cirúrgico. Até o momento, nenhuma característica clínica pode predizer acuradamente quais pacientes serão beneficiados. Há espaço para o aprimoramento de novos métodos diagnósticos não invasivos capazes de discriminar quais os melhores candidatos à cirurgia. Neste estudo nós analisamos o papel de cinco biomarcadores urinários moleculares associados à HD e à OIV em pacientes com HPB que serão submetidos à RTUP. MÉTODOS: Um estudo prospectivo e controlado analisou 71 pacientes candidatos à RTUP devido HPB, submetidos ao procedimento cirúrgico entre 2011 a 2016. O grupo controle foi composto por pacientes assintomáticos apresentando IPSS menor que 6, volume prostático menor que 30 gramas, ausência de resíduo pósmiccional e fluxometria máxima >= 15ml/s. Todos os pacientes do grupo de estudo realizaram estudo urodinâmico no pré-operatório e 63 pacientes no período pósoperatório. Nós analisamos a presença, o período de início (primeira vs segunda metade do enchimento vesical) e a amplitude ( 40 cmH2O) das CVIs, assim como o grau de obstrução infravesical. A coleta da urina foi realizada no pré-operatório para os pacientes do grupo de estudo. A urina foi analisada para 5 quimiocinas, citocinas e fatores de crescimento usando teste de ELISA. Os valores de concentração das proteínas foram analisados de forma absoluta e normalizados para os níveis de creatinina (/Cr). RESULTADOS: A idade média dos pacientes foi 67 anos (50 a 88). A HD estava presente em 39 (54,9%) pacientes. De acordo com aferições pré-operatórias, a média da concentração urinária de IL-6/Cr (p=0,007), MCP-1(p=0,000), MCP-1/Cr (p=0,000), EFG/Cr (p=0,044) e MMP-1/Cr (p=0,043) estavam respectivamente cerca de 4,5x, 7,1x, 23x, 1,7x e 2,2x vezes significativamente aumentadas em relação aos controles assintomáticos. O nível de EGF foi 1,3 vezes maior nos pacientes que iniciaram CVI tardiamente quando comparados àqueles que iniciaram as contrações na fase inicial de enchimento vesical (p=0,044). A amplitude das CVIs, o fluxo urinário, a complacência, o índice de contratilidade, e o schafer não apresentaram correlações estatísticas com as proteínas estudadas. Em relação a presença de HD, os níveis urinários de IL-6 (p=0,003), MCP-1(p=0,002), e MCP-1/Cr (p=0,002) foram respectivamente 1,8x, 2x, e 2,7 vezes aumentados em relação aos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia sem HD ao estudo urodinâmico. O MCP-1/Cr foi o marcador com melhores propriedades diagnósticas para HD, apresentando área sob a curva (AUC) de 0,71 (95% CI 0,59 a 0,84). A dosagem do MCP-1 não ajustada pela creatinina apresentou uma AUC de 0,71 (95% CI 0,59 a 0,83). A IL-6, por sua vez, teve uma AUC de 0,70 (95% CI 0,58 a 0,82). Todos os outros biomarcadores apresentaram propriedades inadequadas neste cenário para avaliação da HD e OIV. Em relação à resolução ou persistência da HD após 12 meses de tratamento cirúrgico, os níveis dos biomarcadores NGF/Cr (p=0.005) e MMP-1/Cr (p=0.021) foram superiores entre os pacientes que não obtiveram interrupção das CVIs no pós-operatório. Demonstraram serem úteis para predizer a persistência da HD no pós-operatório, o NGF/Cr com AUC de 0,77 (95% CI 0,62 à 0,92) (p=0,006) e o MMP-1/Cr com AUC de 0,72 (95% CI 0,56 à 0,88) (p=0,022). CONCLUSÕES: Vias neuronais parecem estar relacionadas com o período de início das CVIs durante a fase de enchimento vesical. A presença de níveis elevados na urina de biomarcadores inflamatórios e de reparo tecidual sugere um papel da inflamação na gênese da HD, e pode ajudar no diagnóstico não invasivo deste achado no pré-operatório. MCP-1, MCP-1 /Cr e IL-6 foram associados a presença de de HD ao estudo urodinâmico em pacientes com HPB candidatos a RTUP. O nível de EGF/Cr foi associado a contrações vesicais tardias. O MMP-1/Cr foi relacionado a maior pressão detrusora. O biomarcador MCP-1/Cr demonstrou-se ser útil no diagnóstico de HD nos pacientes com HPB. NGF/Cr e MMP-1/Cr demonstraram-se ser úteis para predizer a persistência da HD no pós-operátorio / INTRODUCTION: Detrusor hyperactivity (DH) is present in approximately 50% of patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 30% of the cases will not show improvement after surgical treatment. To date, no clinical feature can accurately predict which patients will benefit from surgical treatment. This rate can be improved because new noninvasive diagnostic methods are capable of determining the best candidates for surgery. In this study, we analyzed the role of five molecular biomarkers in urine associated with DH and BOO in patients with BPH undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). METHODS: This prospective and controlled study analyzed 71 patients who were candidates for TURP due to BPH and underwent surgery between 2011 and 2016. The control group consisted of asymptomatic patients with International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSSs) less than 6, prostate volume less than 30 grams, absence of estimated postvoid residual volume and a maximum flow rate >= 15 ml/s. All patients in the study group underwent a preoperative urodynamic study, with 63 patients undergoing a repeat urodynamic study during the postoperative period. We analyzed the presence, onset period (first vs second half of bladder filling) and amplitude ( 40 cmH2O) of the involuntary detrusor contractions (IDCs), as well as the degree of BOO. Urine was collected preoperatively from patients in the study group. The urine was analyzed for five chemokines, cytokines and growth factors using ELISAs. The protein concentrations were analyzed as absolute and creatinine (/Cr)-adjusted values. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 67 years (50 to 88). DH was present in 39 (54.9%) patients. According to preoperative measurements, the mean urine concentrations of IL-6/Cr (p = 0.007), MCP-1 (p = 0.000), MCP-1/Cr (p = 0.000), EGF/Cr (p = 0.044) and MMP-1/Cr (p = 0.043) were approximately 4.5, 7.1, 23, 1.7 and 2.2 times, respectively, those of asymptomatic controls (all significantly increased). The EGF level was 1.3 times higher in patients with late IDCs than in those whose contractions started in the early stage of bladder filling (p = 0.044). The IDC amplitude, urinary flow, compliance, bladder contractility index, and Schafer\'s grade were not significantly correlated with the proteins studied. In patients with DH, urinary levels of IL-6 (p = 0.003), MCP-1 (p = 0.002), and MCP- 1/Cr (p = 0.002) were 1.8, 2, and 2.7 times higher, respectively, than in patients without DH who underwent surgery, according to the urodynamic study. MCP- 1/Cr had the best diagnostic properties for DH, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.59 to 0.84). The non-Cr adjusted MCP-1 concentration had an AUC of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.59 to 0.83). Additionally, IL-6 had an AUC of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.58 to 0.82). All other biomarkers were inadequate for DH and BOO evaluation. Regarding the resolution or persistence of DH 12 months after surgery, the NGF/Cr (0.13 vs 0.08, p = 0.005) and MMP-1/Cr (0.11 vs 0.04, p = 0.021) levels were higher in patients for whom the IDCs continued during the postoperative period. The following factors were shown to be useful for predicting the persistence of DH during the postoperative period: NGF/Cr, with an AUC of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.62 to 0.92) (p = 0.006), and MMP-1/Cr, with an AUC of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.56 to 0.88) (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: Neural pathways appear to be related to the onset period of IDCs during bladder filling. The presence of high urinary levels of inflammatory and tissue repair biomarkers suggests a role of inflammation in the genesis of DH and may aid in the noninvasive diagnosis of this condition during the preoperative period. MCP-1, MCP-1/Cr and IL-6 were associated with the presence of DH in the urodynamic studies of patients with BPH who were candidates for TURP. The EGF/Cr level was associated with late detrusor contractions. MMP-1/Cr was associated with increased detrusor pressure. The MCP-1/Cr biomarker was shown to be useful for the diagnosis of DH in patients with BPH. NGF/Cr and MMP-1/Cr were shown to be useful in predicting the persistence of DH during the postoperative period
|
97 |
Μελέτη της έκφρασης των υποδοχέων των νευροτροφινών σε αδενώματα υπόφυσης στον άνθρωποΧονδρογιάννη, Χριστίνα 16 February 2009 (has links)
Οι νευροτροφίνες (ΝΤs), Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), Brain-Derived
Neurotrophin Factor (BDNF), NΤ-3, ΝΤ-4, ΝΤ-5 και ΝΤ-6 ανήκουν σε μια
οικογένεια πολυπεπτιδικών αυξητικών παραγόντων οι οποίοι απαιτούνται για την
ανάπτυξη του νευρικού συστήματος στα σπονδυλωτά. Εμπλέκονται στην επιβίωση,
στη διαφοροποίηση, στην ωρίμανση των νευρώνων, στη συναπτική πλαστικότητα,
στη μάθηση, στη μνήμη, καθώς επίσης και στην έκφραση και ενεργότητα σημαντικών
πρωτεϊνών, όπως ιοντικών καναλιών και νευροδιαβιβαστικών υποδοχέων. Οι
λειτουργίες αυτές επιτελούνται μέσω της δέσμευσής τους σε δύο είδη μεμβρανικών
υποδοχέων, της οικογένειας κινάσης-τυροσίνης TrkA, TrkB και TrkC (tropomyosinerelated
kinase) και του pan-neurotrophin (με ικανότητα δέσμευσης με όλες τις
νευροτροφίνες) υποδοχέα p75NTR που είναι μέλος των υποδοχέων Tumor Necrosis
Factors (TNFs). Οι νευροτροφίνες εκφράζονται σε κύτταρα του Κ.Ν.Σ. και Π.Ν.Σ.
αλλά και σε ιστούς-όργανα εκτός νευρικού συστήματος, όπως είναι η υπόφυση.
Σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν να μελετήσουμε την έκφραση των υποδοχέων των
νευροτροφινών με σύγχρονες μεθόδους ανοσοϊστοχημείας σε αδενώματα της
υπόφυσης και να συσχετίσουμε την έκφρασή τους με τα κλινοκοπαθολογικά
χαρακτηριστικά των ασθενών.
Όλα τα αδενώματα της μελέτης που συμπεριλήφθησαν στη μελέτη (10ανδρών
και 8 γυναικών) εμφάνισαν ανοσοϊστοχημική χρώση για τον υποδοχέα TrkA και
συγκεκριμένα έντονη χρώση (+3) τα 9/18 (50%) των περιστατικών, μέτρια χρώση
(+2) τα 8/18 (45%) των περιστατικών και ασθενή χρώση (+1) 1/18 (5%) των
περιστατικών. Ο υποδοχέας TrkB εμφάνισε θετικότητα στο 83% (15/18) των
περιπτώσεων. Τα 6/15 (40%) περιστατικά παρουσίασαν έντονη χρώση (+3), τα 4/15
(27%) περιστατικά μέτρια χρώση (+2) και τα 5/15 (33%) περιστατικά ασθενή χρώση
(+1). Ανοσοϊστοχημική χρώση για τον υποδοχέα TrkB παρατηρήθηκε επίσης στα
αγγεία 4/15 (27%) των αδενωμάτων. Τα 11/18 (61%) των αδενωμάτων παρουσίασαν
ανοσοθετικότητα για τον TrkC και συγκεκριμένα τα 3/11 (27%) περιστατικά
εμφάνισαν μέτρια χρώση (+2) και 8/11 (73%) περιστατικά ασθενή (+1). Χρώση για
τον υποδοχέα TrkC εντοπίστηκε σε αγγεία σε 4/11 περιστατικά (36%). Τέλος
έκφραση για τον p75 υποδοχέα δεν παρατηρήθηκε σε κανένα αδένωμα.
Με δεδομένο ότι οι υποδοχείς TrkB και TrkC εκφράζονται στα αγγεία
των αδενωμάτων, μελετήθηκε η έκφραση των υποδοχέων των νευροτροφινών σε
σχέση με την αγγειογένεση, ένας μηχανισμός που αφορά άμεσα την πρόγνωση και την ανταπόκριση στην αντίστοιχη θεραπεία των όγκων. Μελετήθηκε η έκφραση του
CD31(platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule) και του VEGFR3 (Vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3). Ο παράγοντας VEGFR3 συμβάλλει επίσης
και στην ανάπτυξη λεμφαγγείων στο στρώμα του όγκου επάγοντας την ανάπτυξή του.
Η εκτίμηση της ανοσοεντόπισης για τον CD31 και τον VEGFR3 για κάθε νεόπλασμα
έγινε κατόπιν επιλογής τριών αγγειοβριθέστερων περιοχών, την καταμέτρηση των
αγγείων σε κάθε περιοχή και τον υπολογισμό του μέσου όρου (MCV Microvessel
Count).
Για τον παράγοντα VEGFR3 το 89% των περιστατικών ήταν θετικά
εμφανίζοντας ένα εύρος MCV της τάξης των 2 έως 32,67, ενώ για τον παράγοντα
CD31 το 100% των αδενωμάτων ήταν θετικά με MCV της τάξης των 4,67 έως 53,67.
Δεν παρατηρήθηκε συσχέτιση του MCV με την έκφραση των υποδοχέων των
νευροτροφινών.
Οι υποδοχείς των νευροτροφινών ενώ εκφράζονται στη φυσιολογική
υπόφυση συμμετέχοντας στην ανάπτυξη και στην επιβίωση των κυττάρων, δεν
«σιωπούν» στα αδενώματά της. Το ερώτημα που γεννάται είναι αν δρουν ως
παράγοντες διατήρησης της καλοήθειας ή αν συμβάλλουν στην ογκογένεση και στην
μετέπειτα εξέλιξη των νεοπλασμάτων της υπόφυσης. Περαιτέρω μελέτες απαιτούνται
για την διερεύνηση του ρόλου των νευροτροφινών μέσω των υποδοχέων τους στα
αδενώματα υπόφυσης, στον άνθρωπο. / -
|
98 |
Expression und Funktion von Caveolin bei glialen Zellen, insbesondere Oligodendrozyten / Aufgabe und Funktion von oligodendroglialem Caveolin und Caveolin-haltigen Mikrodomänen (CMD) bei der NGF-Signaltransduktion / Expression and function of caveolin in glial cells, especially oligodendrozytes / Role and functions of oligodendroglial caveolin and caveolin-containing microdomains (CMD) in NGF-signallingSchmitz, Matthias 04 May 2006 (has links)
No description available.
|
Page generated in 0.0442 seconds