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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Department of Art History, December 1999. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

This study examines the presence of poetic form in First and Second Generation New York School Poetry. Because New York School writing—where its existence is conceded—seems formless, it has yet to be viewed under a formal lens. Therefore, this study is the first of its kind. In what follows, works by Frank O’Hara, Ted Berrigan, Alice Notley and Ron Padgett are contextualized and closely read for form, with an attention to the shaping propensity of inhabited spaces. While it is agreed that the external environment has the potential to influence shapes and forms of writing, domestic spaces also offer parameters which are traceable onto the page. New York School poets lived in and wrote from alternative domestic spaces—untidy, disordered, congested apartments in downtown New York City. The forms of their poems are accordingly untraditional. New York School stanzas often take on the contours of these spaces, becoming linguistic rooms riddled with the tensions of indoor urban life. After outlining New York School poetry and addressing contemporaneous urban theories, this study asks: what role does the space of writing have on the shape of writing? More specifically, are New York City apartments reflected in the forms of New York School poems? Through close-reading and formal analysis, it becomes possible to affirm that New York School Poetry is formal, and that its form is distinctive in that in its variances, it makes it possible for the tensions and dynamics of living within the constraints of inner urban spaces to be fully pronounced and inflected. This is a study of the formal representations of those inflections.

abstract: This dissertation makes the case to reclaim the typically negative term, coterie, as a poetic method and offers the epithalamium as a valuable object for the study of coterie conditions and values. This examination of the historical poetics of the epithalamium shows how the form was reappropriated by gay postwar poets and those in related social circumstances. This study applies and builds on theories developed by Arthur Marotti (John Donne: Coterie Poet), and Lytle Shaw (Frank O'Hara: The Poetics of Coterie) and subsequent critics to develop a coterie poetics, the markers and terms for which I have arranged here to demonstrate conscious "sociable" poetics. It is thus to our advantage to study coterie conditions and methods to open readers to insights into twentieth-century poets that have deliberately exploited reception among those in private and public spheres, just as their Early-Modern precursors did--often as a matter of survival, but also as formative practice. The key figures in this study wrote significant epithalamia or made major theoretical claims for coterie poetics: John Donne (1572-1631), W. H. Auden (1907-1973), Paul Goodman (1910-1972), and Frank O'Hara (1926-1966). O'Hara's poetry is approached as the apex of coterie poetics; his personal immediacy and obscure personal references should alienate and exclude--yet, they invite. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. English 2012

The present dissertation ("Hybridisations between music and painting: the relationship of Morton Feldman and Mark Rothko in Rothko Chapel") has as main objective to examine the technical approach, the stylistic resources and the degree of interdisciplinary relation that establishes between the work of the American composer Morton Feldman (1926 - 1987) Rothko Chapel (1971) and the work of the same painter, also American, Mark Rothko (1903 - 1970), realized in Houston, Texas. By linking the pictorial and architectural work with the musical - due to the "autobiographical character" attributed by the composer to his piece - the research addresses its degree of hybridization, the rhetorical, narrative or imitative processes used and the possibility of classification of This interdisciplinary convergence within the scope of musical ekphrasis. Because of this, the work developed, which has a transdisciplinary character, focuses basically on the study, analysis and comparison - through similarities and / or references - of the musical and pictorial work within the North American artistic and sonorous context of Mid twentieth century. However, while the musical proposal is approached with a technical and systematic criterion of analysis of the score - from a melodic, harmonic, organological, agogical, dynamic and structural point of view, the pictorial intervention is examined not only as a site project -specific - number of paintings or panels, size, shape and technique of the same, arrangement in the architectural space, specific treatment of light - but also as a plastic disc inserted in the artistic and vital trajectory of its author. The comparative study is completed with textual and biographical contributions, especially related to Morton Feldman, given the importance they have in order to locate Rothko Chapel in a context that, beyond strictly musical, reflects the pictorial influence that the work had Of Rothko in the compositional methods of our musician. Finally, the thesis is accompanied by a self-recorded CD on Rothko Chapel, a recording that is also accessible through an online platform. Through the same it is wanted that the interpretation made allows to contrast the proposals, the results and the conclusions obtained during the investigation process. / La presente tesis doctoral ("Hibridaciones entre música y pintura: la relación de Morton Feldman y Mark Rothko en Rothko Chapel") tiene como objetivo principal examinar el planteamiento técnico, los recursos estilísticos y el grado de relación interdisciplinar que se establece entre la obra del compositor estadounidense Morton Feldman (1926 - 1987) Rothko Chapel (1971) y el trabajo homónimo del pintor, también estadounidense, Mark Rothko (1903 - 1970), realizado en Houston, Texas. Al vincular la obra pictórica y arquitectónica con la musical -debido al "carácter autobiográfico" que el mismo compositor le atribuye a su pieza-, la investigación aborda su grado de hibridación, los procesos retóricos, narrativos o imitativos utilizados y la posibilidad de clasificación de esta convergencia interdisciplinar dentro del ámbito de la écfrasis musical. Debido a ello, el trabajo desarrollado, que posee un carácter transdisciplinar, se centra básicamente en el estudio, análisis y comparación -a través de similitudes y/o referencias- de la obra musical y de la pictórica dentro del contexto artístico y sonoro norteamericano de mediados del siglo XX. Ahora bien, mientras que la propuesta musical es abordada con un criterio técnico y sistemático de análisis de la partitura -desde un punto de vista melódico, armónico, organológico, agógico, dinámico y estructural-, la intervención pictórica es examinada no solo como proyecto site-specific -número de cuadros o paneles, tamaño, forma y técnica de los mismos, disposición en el espacio arquitectónico, tratamiento específico de la luz-, sino también como discurso plástico inserto en la trayectoria artística y vital de su autor. El estudio comparativo realizado se completa con aportaciones textuales y biográficas, especialmente vinculadas a Morton Feldman, dada la importancia que estas poseen de cara a ubicar Rothko Chapel en un contexto que, más allá de lo estrictamente musical, recoge la influencia pictórica que tuvo la obra de Rothko en los métodos compositivos de nuestro músico. Finalmente, la tesis se acompaña con una grabación propia en CD de Rothko Chapel, grabación que también es accesible través de una plataforma en línea. A través de la misma se desea que la interpretación efectuada permita contrastar las propuestas, los resultados y las conclusiones obtenidas durante el proceso de investigación. / La present tesi doctoral ("Hibridacions entre música i pintura: la relació de Morton Feldman i Mark Rothko en Rothko Chapel") té com a objectiu principal examinar el plantejament tècnic, els recursos estilístics i el grau de relació interdisciplinària que s'estableix entre l'obra del compositor nord-americà Morton Feldman (1926 - 1987) Rothko Chapel (1971) i el treball homònim del pintor, també nord-americà, Mark Rothko (1903 - 1970), realitzat en Houston, Texas. En vincular l'obra pictòrica i arquitectònica amb la musical -a causa de el "caràcter autobiogràfic" que el mateix compositor li atribueix a la seua peça-, la recerca aborda el seu grau d'hibridació, els processos retòrics, narratius o imitatiUs utilitzats i la possibilitat de classificació d'aquesta convergència interdisciplinària dins de l'àmbit de la écfrasis musical. A causa d'açò, el treball desenvolupat, que posseeix un caràcter transdisciplinar, se centra bàsicament en l'estudi, anàlisi i comparació -a través de similituds i/o referències- de l'obra musical i de la pictòrica dins del context artístic i sonor nord-americà de mitjan el segle XX. Ara bé, mentre que la proposta musical és abordada amb un criteri tècnic i sistemàtic d'anàlisi de la partitura -des d'un punt de vista melòdic, harmònic, organológico, agógico, dinàmic i estructural-, la intervenció pictòrica és examinada no solament com a projecte site-*specific -nombre de quadres o panells, grandària, forma i tècnica dels mateixos, disposició en l'espai arquitectònic, tractament específic de la llum-, sinó també com a discurs plàstic inserit en la trajectòria artística i vital del seu autor. L'estudi comparatiu realitzat es completa amb aportacions textuals i biogràfiques, especialment vinculades a Morton Feldman, donada la importància que aquestes posseeixen de cara a situar Rothko Chapel en un context que, més enllà de l'estrictament musical, arreplega la influència pictòrica que va tenir l'obra de Rothko en els mètodes compositius del nostre músic. Finalment, la tesi s'acompanya amb un enregistrament propi en CD de Rothko Chapel, enregistrament que també és accessible través d'una plataforma en línia. A través de la mateixa es desitja que la interpretació efectuada permeta contrastar les propostes, els resultats i les conclusions obtingudes durant el procés de recerca. / Cerveró Beta, JJ. (2017). Hibridaciones entre música y pintura: la relación de Morton Feldman y Mark Rothko en Rothko Chapel [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/90572

Adolph Gottlieb’s (1903–1974) mature career in abstract painting has been described in previous scholarship in terms of three phases: the time of his Pictograph paintings, beginning in 1941; a period of transition primarily involving his Imaginary Landscape paintings, beginning in 1951; and the time of his Burst paintings, from 1956 until his death. Dividing the artist’s career into early, transitional, and late periods has provided scholars with a clear and tidy narrative as a basis for interpretations of his work. However, in this thesis I argue that this schematization, created in hindsight, has obscured the character of Gottlieb’s working process as it occurred in real time. By nature, Gottlieb would not have been content to produce only a few narrow varieties of painting over a thirty-year period. I thus advance a new conception of Gottlieb as an inventive and constantly adventurous artist. ----- To make these claims, I examine Gottlieb’s written and spoken statements in order to define his central terminology (words like “feeling” and “self-discovery”) and to investigate his interests in myth and alchemy. I find that his work in painting was deeply intuitive and literally experimental—Gottlieb could not predict whether a painting would succeed until he had completed it, and so his career was an iterative process of painting, observing the results, and then painting again. I go on to consider Gottlieb’s paintings themselves as a record of how this experimental process functioned in practice. By presenting his diverse body of work in its full breadth, I demonstrate that the artist was not limited by his major styles, and indeed that he always presented himself with multiple possibilities. I conclude that Gottlieb’s work remains vital because he worked without an end goal or predetermined outcome in mind, and instead gave himself over to a continuous process of creativity and discovery. / text

Cette étude se concentre sur l’Ecole de New York en poésie (« The New York Poets ») de la première génération (surtout John Ashbery, Frank O’Hara, Kenneth Koch, James Schuyler, et Barbara Guest) et de la second génération (surtout Bill Berkson, Alice Notley, Ted Berrigan, Eileen Myles, Anne Waldman, Ron Padgett, et Joe Brainard) – à travers la production de ces poètes (poèmes, pièces de théâtre, romans, essais, peinture-poèmes, collages, etc.). Les parallèles entre la peinture et la poésie de l’époque sont probants. Pour le poème, la peinture est à la fois un élément significatif du contexte et un facteur important d’inspiration. L’optique en examinant les textes est triple : d’abord, l’influence de l’évolution de l’art et particulièrement des stratégies des plasticiens d’avant-garde ; puis, l’influence du milieu social et du contexte des quartiers bohêmes de New York des années 1950 et 1960 ; et enfin, tout ce qui peut traduire un positionnement chez les poètes vis-à-vis de la politique et la société et le désir d’une progressivité. Ces trois facteurs s’additionnent pour s’inscrire avec une grande complexité dans les textes. / This study focusses on the poets of the New York School (« The New York Poets ») of the first generation (especially John Ashbery, Frank O’Hara, Kenneth Koch, James Schuyler, et Barbara Guest) and the second (especially Bill Berkson, Alice Notley, Ted Berrigan, Eileen Myles, Anne Waldman, Ron Padgett, et Joe Brainard) – taking into account the textual production of the poets (including poems, plays, novels, essays, poem-paintings, collages, etc.), and making a parallel study of the painting of the period, to help evoke the precise context and show relevant strands of inspiration. Works are discussed through three lenses : an idea of the evolution of art leading up to the present and particularly avant-garde artistic strategies, the influence of the social sphere including the relevance of the New York bohemia in the 1950s and 1960s, and all that conveys a sense political positioning with the desire for progress. Those three factors combine to create complexity in the texts.

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This dissertation adopts a fresh interdisciplinary perspective on reading the postwar urban poems of New York School poet Frank O’Hara. Through French Situationist philosophy, and particularly the writings of Guy Debord, the study explores the spatial and textual relations of O’Hara’s urban and cultural representations in postwar poetry. With the help of psychogeography and its “anti-techniques” of détournement and dérive, the research focuses on O’Hara’s uses of appropriation in constructing his urban assemblages. The dissertation considers postwar poems from The Collected Poems of Frank O’Hara and offers Situationist readings and understandings of O’Hara’s modernist (urban and cultural) space. The choice of specific poems highlights O’Hara’s unequivocal inspiration by French poetry and focuses on their urbane, experimental and erotic aspects. The first two chapters propose ways in decoding psychogeographical approaches in poetic (de)composition for reading O’Hara’s poems, while the third delves into O’Hara’s uses of camp in dialogue with Situationist politics that highlight not only the capitalist and the cultural, but also the erotic and the queer. / Cette thèse expose une nouvelle perspective interdisciplinaire quant à la lecture des poèmes d’après-guerre de le poète de New York School Frank O’Hara. Au travers de la philosophie de Situationiste Internationale, plus précisément des écrits de Guy Debord, cette étude explore les connections entre la poésie de Frank O’Hara et des propres représentation urbains et culturelles. Grace au notions de psychogeographie et ses « anti-technique » de détournement et dérive, cette recherche se concentre sur l’art d’appropriation qu’utilise O’Hara dans ses assemblages poétiques. L’emphase mise sur les poèmes d’après-guerre tirés de The Collected Poems of Frank O’Hara illustre la vision de l’environnement moderniste de O’Hara. Les aspects urbains, expérimentaux, et érotiques inspirés de la poésie française sout mis en valeur par les poèmes choisir d’O’Hara. Les deux premier chapitres proposent une approche psychogeographique pour décomposer les images des poèmes de O’Hara tandis que le troisième chapitre examine l’utilization du « camp » en rapport avec la politique Situationiste qui souligne non seulement la capitalisme et la culture, mais aussi l’érotique et l’homosexualité.