A Study on the Relationship of Production Value, R & D Investment, and Intellectual Property in High Technology Industries Chih Chin Yang* and Ping-Yi Chao** Department of Business Administration, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China Abstract Intellectual capital is often defined as a belief that is true and justified. This defined has led to its market and product values. This study of the valuation proposed a new model of intellectual capital including content classification with experiment, experience, and knowledge elements and infrastructure classification with finance, human, and facility elements. This thesis proposed a new theory of intellectual capital and a valuation approach with production and market. After an in-depth review and case analysis of leading firms in this field, a holistic intellectual capital model is discussed, which involves transport, delivery supporting, and interface and systems of on intellectual capital. Through a quantity study and empirical study, it is found that there is a significant relationship between the six intellectual capital elements, including three elements of content and three elements of infrastructure in a company, and its market and product values. The purpose of this study is to investigate the six elements of intellectual capital, ie experiment, experience, knowledge, finance, human, and facility elements, and their interrelationships within all high-technologies in Taiwan. The main conclusions from this particular study are that: positive relationship between infrastructure of enterprise and content of enterprise is important regardless of all high-technology industries type; the relationship between infrastructure and product value is positive and significant; the relationship between content of enterprise and product value is important for high-technology industries. The final specified models in this study show a robust explanation of business performance in product value within the high technology industries in Taiwan. *Graduated student **Advisor

Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (fuzzy ANP) is a helpful approach for the selection cooperative R&D projects developed by firms in collaboration with government. A technical committee for Industrial Technology Development Program (ITDP) in Taiwan regularly evaluates and decides proper public subsidiary of cooperative R&D projects. In this paper, we first discuss important decision criteria and establish decision model for ITDP projects selection. We apply fuzzy ANP to integrate decisions of members in the technical committee. In addition, we use simulation to analyze how decisions of technical committee change. Our results indicate that scientific & technology merit criterion is most important considered in overall technical committees. Besides that, the project execution is more important criteria than potential benefits and project risk in ITDP selection. Generally speaking, the paper reveals below results: (1) the fuzzy ANP is an appropriate method in multi-criteria technology R&D projects selection; (2) the decisions of technical committee will change under different decision risk and different risk attitude; (3) the interviews of technical committee indicate that ITDP is very important policy for improvement firms¡¦ R&D abilities.

This objective of this research lies in probing into R&D personnel's professional passion of the Hi-Tech industry in Taiwan, and wants to study that R&D personnel's behavior to the thing that how oneself's represents passion for profession, and realize the results produced after understanding that influences the factor and behavior of the behavior to display, and probing into professional passion of R&D personnel¡¦s developing stage. The main conclusions of this research are as following¡G Sum up the motive force which puts incomes with passion, understand the forming influence factor of the professional passionate behavior and behavior result of supervening from it, and carry on the discussion to the professional passion development of the current situation of Taiwan. The meaning with professional passion is aggressive , disregards cost paying , glad sharing , professional curiosity and keeps improving this five behaviors type, and it is different to some extent between professional passion and profession commitment, the profession commitment accord with professional passion at least, but the professional committer can be called professional enthusiasm. In addition also find that the family studies the origin under positive helping hand, it is relatively high to produce the possibility with professional passion, but still need to consider the reverse side result that the family studies the origin. And current situation in Taiwan is because of the environment and system factors, the development space of professional passion is limited¡Fand improving current situation, it will contribute to the social progress of specialization and professionalism.

The motivation of capitalism society keeping to make progress is basis on innovation. The text is established in extended type of Cobb-Douglas production function to discuss if the relationship of long term balance existed between R&D capital stock and gross domestic production. First, Dickey and Fuller mentioned Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF test) to examine if all the variables possess unit root particularity. If they do, we can test them by Johansen¡¦s Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) to make cointegration relation numbers and cointegration vectors. According them to describe the long term balance relationships between R&D capital stock and gross domestic production. Conclusion of the text , by ADF test to examine the macroeconomic variables of R&D capital stock and gross domestic production are time series. Johansen¡¦s MLE test examined there¡¦s one cointegration vector existed. Apparently the long term balance relationship existed between the R&D capital stock and the gross domestic production. And we can take the normalized cointegrating coefficients back to the Cobb-Douglas production function to recognize the R&D capital stock will be the positive function of the gross domestic production. Thus we can get in R&D expenses to make the economic growth.

The focus of this paper is to examine information communication technologies (ICTs), organizational changes, R&D, and collaboration through econometric regression analysis. We concern about the impact of the sunrise biotechnology industry in emerging developed economy of Taiwan. This paper investigate the determinants of organizational changes, and complementary relationship between ICT labors, ICTs, and organizational change and study the determinant model of the most important topics, R&D and collaboration, which display biotechnology¡¦s characteristics.

¡§Research and Development¡¨ possess three major characteristics: (1) Lots of uncertainty will be encountered during the process of R&D; (2) Required for a certain of expenses and manpower; (3) Long pay back time; Therefore, the decision-making of R&D could be very complicated with far-reaching influence. Nevertheless, once the decision maker made an incorrect decision, it may cause lots of consequences that can't be remedied. For this reason, the key subject of this paper is to construct a decision-making model to help the decision maker to make RD decisions. While making the decisions of RD projects, its decision making environment is often: (1) subjective (2) quantized (3) group participated , or (4) uncertain, Therefore, this paper use T.L.SAATY¡¦s AHP-ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS to build a decision-making model for the equipment R&D project. The DM model use L- Company¡¦s ¡§R&D Planning Project¡¨ as an example. Analysis of characteristic and construction of Hierarchies Structure will be carried out to determine evaluating items of each hierachy and the relation of each hierachy. Moreover, the analysis will be correctly in accordance with AHP¡¦s evaluation scaling to make the Pair wise Comparison and get the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector, to achieve the priority for decision making of L- Company¡¦s ¡§Equipment R&D Project¡¨, In the end, an AHP evaluation model was build to reinforce the quality and efficiency of decision making for Equipment RD and it¡¦s another field of AHP application.

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between training and organizational performance, moderated by R&D expenditures, in Taiwan Electronics and Information Industry. Using data collected through 64 enterprises between 2000 and 2002, the influences of training on organizational performance was studied over the multi-regression analysis. The empirical findings are concluded as follows. 1. Training has positive effects on organizational performance. 2. The lag effects of training on organizational performance are negative. 3. The higher the investment on R&D expenditures, the higher the training effects on organizational performance raised. R&D expenditures have moderating effects on the influences of training on organizational performance.

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­^¤åºK­n Abstract Thesis: The Influence of Resource Characteristics and R&D Strategies to the Competitive Advantage --- A Study on the Semiconductors Industries in Taiwan To ground on Resource-Based Theory, in this thesis tried to investigate the relationships among resource characteristics, R&D strategies, and competitive advantage in Semiconductors industries, Taiwan. The resource characteristics here are ¡§substantial of resource,¡¨ ¡§sustainability of resource,¡¨ and ¡§appropriability of resource¡¨; R&D strategy could be divided into ¡§product innovation oriented,¡¨ ¡§product improvement oriented,¡¨ and ¡§process improvement oriented.¡¨ This research mainly adopted questionnaire survey as investigating method, and its target group in semiconductors industry Taiwan, were focused on the firm of circuit of design, wafer foundry, assembly and test, and material & equipment manufacturing. Structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data so as to test hypothesizes brought by this research. Though the hypothesizes of this research are not fully supported by collected data, following consequences are still able to grasp: (1) The resource characteristics of an organization have significant effected on formulating R&D strategies; (2) R&D strategies would shape corporate competitive advantages of ¡§performance of product development,¡¨ ¡§performance of product quality,¡¨ and ¡§operation cost.¡¨ However, whether to affect on corporate overall profit level, this research has not yet acquired significant differences. Hence, it will rely on further explore of follow-up research; (3) this research shows that resource characteristics are not directly affected on all aspects of corporate competitive advantage, but it might shape competitive advantage by formulating corporate strategy; (4) regarding organizational resource characteristics, in current stage, that businesses emphasize more on value than on sustainability of resources; and (5) innovation, refinement, and improvement orientation of R&D strategy, businesses pay equally attentions on. The findings of this research will be contributed to follow-up study and practical application. Keywords¡GResource characteristics,R&D Strategies,Competitive Advantage¡C

This dissertation investigates three sets of research questions. First, how can partner selection be used as a mechanism to minimize R&D alliance participants’ concerns about knowledge leakage? And what is the nature of the relationship among partner selection and two previously-studied protection mechanisms – governance structure and alliance scope? Extending this research question to the international context, the second set of research questions asks how international R&D alliances differ from their domestic counterparts in partner selection to protect their participants’ valuable knowledge, and how different types of international R&D alliances vary in this regard. Distinguishing bilateral from multilateral R&D alliances, this dissertation examines a third set of questions about how multilateral R&D alliances differ from bilateral ones in partner selection for the purpose of protecting participants’ technological assets. Hypotheses are proposed and tested with a sample of 2,185 R&D alliances involving companies in high technology industries. Results indicate that the more radical the innovation an R&D alliance intends to develop, the more likely the alliance will be formed between Friends than Strangers. However, under the same situation, firms are less likely to select Acquaintances than Strangers. A substitution effect was detected among partner selection, governance structure, and alliance scope used by firms to protect their valuable technological assets from being appropriated in R&D alliances. In addition, no empirical support was found for different partner selection preferences for firms forming domestic R&D alliances versus international R&D alliances. However, results show that firms, when forming trinational R&D alliances and/or traditional international R&D alliances, are more likely to select their prior partners than when forming cross-nation domestic R&D alliances. Moreover, this study shows that when an R&D alliance is formed by multiple companies, partner firms are more likely to be prior partners. I argue that concerns about knowledge leakage explain this result.