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This paper aims to analyze the phenomenon of adverse selection of its presence and potential short-term impact on the Swedish stock market. Adverse selection refers to a situation where information asymmetry among market participants might lead to potential imbalances in information and unfairness among all market participants. The primary objective of this paper is to determine and analyze the potential existence of adverse selection and to explore its effects on the short-term trading volume before announcements.  This study's research design and approach are through data collection, to analyze the relationship between traded volume and disclosures. Five highly traded stocks, Atlas Copco AB, Evolution AB, Swedbank AB, Hexagon AB and AB Volvo are selected for the analysis, representing different sectors. A historical data analysis method and event studies are being used to identify abnormal fluctuations in trading volume before announcements. Data on volume and stock prices are collected over one year, between 11 May 2022 - 11 May 2023. By utilizing various statistical methods and econometric techniques, abnormal volume fluctuations before announcements could be measured and analyzed.  This paper concludes the existence of short-term adverse selection on the Swedish stock market cannot confidently be determined considering this analysis only, as indicated by nonsignificant abnormal fluctuations in the short-term trading volume before announcements. However, the results of the data collection in the period between 11 May 2022 - 11 May 2023, on five high-market capitalization companies, still emphasize and illuminate the importance of ensuring and maintaining efficient and fair markets.

Service integration is central to current government strategy for promoting positive outcomes for young people with educational and additional needs, yet evidence to support the efficacy of this strategy remains elusive. A review of the literature finds that many of the facilitators of successful multi-agency working are at the intra-group level. These barriers and facilitating factors are organised into an Eco-systemic Model of Multi-Agency Working (EMMA) which addresses leadership processes, group-level interactions and problem-solving processes. The first stage of the study generates data for intervention materials to be used in the second stage. This is achieved by comparing the purposes and practices of each group at different systemic levels. This stage of the study also provides baseline questionnaire data for the second stage of the study. Consideration is given to the sources of conflict within each group, the strategies used to resolve these conflicts and the levels of hierarchical and systemic thinking within the participating multi-agency groups. The resulting analysis is found to fit well within the EMMA model and the distinctiveness of each of the systemic levels as well as their interdependence is discussed. Suggestions are made for improved multi-agency practices and new directions for the educational psychologist in facilitating improved practice are explored. Paper II Abstract In the first phase of this two-stage study, self-organised learning principles were proposed as a useful knowledge base upon which to draw when facilitating change in multi-agency groups. In this second phase, this hypothesis is put to the test. Data from the first phase is used in combination with wider research findings to design feedback materials for participating groups. Evidence gathered from ensuing meeting transcripts, interviews and questionnaire data is compared with baseline data gathered in the first phase to assess the impact of this intervention on group functioning. Evidence is presented of improved clarity of purpose, improved group functioning and early signs of improved outcomes, though results are highly variable between groups. Different levels of group functioning were found to be inter-dependent, lending support to an eco-systemic model of multi-agency working. Trait-based models of leadership and conflict resolution are challenged. It is argued that improving outcomes for young people is dependent upon the healthy functioning of multi-agency groups and that investing resources in reflective learning in multi-agency groups is a worthwhile step towards securing better outcomes for young people.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-06-06T13:58:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bianca Karoline Ahlert_.pdf: 756645 bytes, checksum: 3c23d1117f2f72a32c6c1374d89e3b9e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T13:58:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bianca Karoline Ahlert_.pdf: 756645 bytes, checksum: 3c23d1117f2f72a32c6c1374d89e3b9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-09 / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / Esta dissertação abarca como objetivo geral analisar se a forma de remuneração dos executivos impacta o desempenho das empresas brasileiras de capital aberto. A literatura sugere que a remuneração dos executivos por incentivos visa reduzir o problema de agência e alinhar seus interesses aos dos investidores. Utilizando a base de dados do IBrA, este trabalho procura testar a hipótese de que a remuneração dos executivos impacta positivamente o desempenho das empresas brasileiras de capital aberto. A análise de 150 empresas brasileiras de capital aberto, listadas no IBrA, do período entre 2010 e 2015, indica impacto significante entre remuneração dos executivos e desempenho, com presença de maior significância entre a relação de remuneração dos executivos e o desempenho calculado pelo Q de Tobin, e menor significância através do desempenho calculado pelo retorno do patrimônio liquido. Ao analisar a amostra de dados dividida em critério de controle acionário ou origem de capital de empresas familiares, estatais e demais privadas, de controle acionário não familiar, as organizações familiares evidenciaram significância próxima às empresas privadas, e as empresas estatais não revelaram significância nas variáveis de remuneração total e índice da remuneração variável. A análise por setor também denotou maior significância em relação ao Q de Tobin do que em relação ao retorno do patrimônio líquido. / This dissertation covers as general objective to analyze if the form of executive compensation impacts the performance of Brazilian publicly traded companies. The literature suggests that the executive compensation by incentives aims to reduce the agency problem and align its interests with those of investors. Using the IBrA database, this paper seeks to test the hypothesis that executive compensation has a positive impact on the performance of Brazilian publicly traded companies. The analysis of 150 Brazilian publicly traded companies, listed in the IBrA, between 2010 and 2015, indicates a significant impact between executive compensation and performance, with a greater significance between the executive remuneration and the performance calculated by the Q of Tobin, and lower significance through the performance calculated by the return of shareholders' equity. By analyzing the sample of data divided into criteria of stock control or capital origin of family, state and other private companies, with non-family stock control, the family organizations showed close significance to the private companies, and the state companies did not reveal significance in the total remuneration variables and variable remuneration index. The analysis by sector also showed greater significance in relation to the Q of Tobin than in relation to the return of stockholders' equity

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:39:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Eduardo Furlanetti.pdf: 957434 bytes, checksum: 4d15c672f25586845118ea42ab2bd576 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work analyzes the mean quarterly returns produced by portfolios, selected between 2002 and 2010, compounded by stocks traded in the BM&FBovespa, based on the use of two popular multiples, Price/Earnings (P/E), or Price/Book Value (P/B), aiming at verifying whether these returns were consistently higher than the mean valuation of the Bovespa‟s index. Thus, by investigating the possible existence of a market anomaly, this study fits in the field of controversial academic debate: the Efficient Market Hypothesis (Fama, 1970). For each selected date, the shares were sorted by the selected multiple, and were divided, then, into four portfolios (by quartiles). To analyze the results, descriptive statistics were calculated, Jarque-Bera (JB) and Student tests were performed. The results suggest that portfolios formed by stocks 'P / E Very Low' (below the first quartile) were able to produce, over that period, quarterly average returns higher than the Bovespa‟s index, within a confidence interval of approximately 96.2%. In addition, portfolios formed by stocks 'P / B Low‟ or P / E Low‟ (between the 1st and 2nd quartile) produced good performance as well, but at a much lower level of confidence, set between 82,2 and 83,5%, respectively / Este trabalho analisa os retornos médios trimestrais produzidos por carteiras de ações negociadas na BM&FBovespa, montadas entre 2002 e 2010, a partir do uso dos múltiplos Preço/Lucro (P/L) ou Preço/Valor Contábil (P/B). Investiga a existência de possível anomalia de mercado ao verificar se retornos produzidos por carteiras formadas por ações de baixo P/L ou P/B podem ser consistentemente superiores à valorização do Ibovespa. Assim, este estudo transita em campo de controvertido debate acadêmico: a Hipótese de Mercado Eficiente (Fama, 1970). Para cada data selecionada, as ações foram ordenadas de acordo com o múltiplo escolhido e divididas em quatro carteiras (por quartis). Para a análise dos resultados, foram calculadas estatísticas descritivas e realizados testes de normalidade Jarque-Bera (JB) e paramétricos t de Student. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que carteiras de ações formadas por ações de P/L Muito Baixo‟ (abaixo do 1º quartil) foram capazes de produzir, no período analisado, retornos médios trimestrais superiores ao Ibovespa, dentro de um intervalo de confiança de aproximadamente 96,2%. Carteiras formadas por ações de P/B Baixo ou P/L Baixo‟ (entre o 1º e o 2º quartil) tiveram boa performance, porém a um nível de confiança bem menor, fixado entre 82,2 e 83,5%, respectivamente

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Franco Ribeiro.pdf: 581960 bytes, checksum: 0c20561d151693cda933516c6eb0c17b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-03 / The phenomenom wich narrows and puts closer international relations around the world known as globalization has reached the development of financial markets. The Exchange Traded Funds (ETF´s) have also been involved on this process. Globalization has brought a wide exposure to international markets creating opportunities in several asset classes with lower costs and minimal investments, thus making ETF´s an extremely attractive product. This paper intends to show how ETF´s works, its creation, redemption and dealing process since such investment funds are still unknow to Brazilian investors. In addition, international portfolios will be built with ETF´s indexed cross-country equity markets, the main objective is check if a Brazilian investor may optimize his portfolio comparing international portfolios built with the brazilian asset market given by the EWZ fund / O fenômeno que estreita e aproxima as relações internacionais nos mais diversos níveis e cuja expressão globalização foi cunhada para nomeá-lo, também alcança os mercados financeiros. Os fundos de índice negociados em bolsa de valores conhecidos como ETF´s (exchange traded funds) encontram-se dentro desse processo. A possibilidade de obter exposições em diversos mercados internacionais e nas mais diversas classes de ativos a custos relativamente baixos e valores mínimos para investimento seja talvez um dos principais atrativos desse novo produto financeiro. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho pretende mostrar a criação e o funcionamento desses fundos, que ainda são pouco conhecidos no Brasil. E, a partir daí, montar carteiras internacionais, com fundos ETF indexados ao mercado de ações de diversos países, compará-las com o ativo de mercado brasileiro em dólares americanos, tentando verificar se o investidor brasileiro conseguiria otimizar a relação risco x retorno de seu portfólio por meio da diversificação com ETF´s

The fact that people prefer to hold domestic equities than foreign ones is still a puzzle for most economists. Although many factors are seemed to be reasonable explanations, two factors, non-traded goods and transaction costs, are usually regarded as the main ones to explain the puzzle. In spite of their importance, the question of which factor has better ability of explaining the puzzle has been the central issue among economists for a long period. In this paper, we will not only try to clarify the issue by examining the role of each factor playing in the puzzle, but also attempt to find out the reasons of disagreements among economists. A modern intranational macroeconomics approach will also be adopted to verify the discussion in this paper. Without surprise, it seems that a model with transaction costs has better ability to explain the puzzle since it's more general in classifying the tradability of goods.

This thesis further investigates the effectiveness of 15 variable moving average strategies that mimic the trading rules used in the study by Brock, Lakonishok, and LeBaron (1992). Instead of applying these strategies to developed markets, unique characteristics of emerging markets offer opportunity to investors that warrant further research. Before transaction costs, all 15 variable moving average strategies outperform the naïve benchmark strategy of buying and holding different emerging market ETF's over the volatile period of 858 trading days. However, the variable moving averages perform poorly in the "bubble" market cycle. In fact, sell signals become more unprofitable than buy signals are profitable. Furthermore, variations of 4 of 5 variable moving average strategies demonstrate significant prospects of returning consistent abnormal returns after adjusting for transaction costs and risk.

Purpose: Examine the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and financial performance in Swedish publicly traded companies in the years 2006-2009. Hypothesis: H1: There is a positive linear relationship between a company's CSR performance and its accounting based financial performance (represented by ROA). H2: There is a positive linear relationship between a company's CSR performance and its market based financial evaluation (represented by Tobin's Q) H3: Industry moderates the relationship between CSR and financial performance. H4: Firm size moderates the relationship between CSR and financial performance. Theoretical framework: CSR and previous research. Methodology: Longitudinal study, Secondary analysis.  Conclusion: Hypothesis 1 may be rejected. Hypothesis 2 may be rejected. Hypothesis 3 may be rejected. Hypothesis 4 may be rejected. / Syfte: Undersöka relationen mellan företags sociala ansvar och dess finansiella resultat på Svenska börsnoterade företag under åren 2006-2009. Hypoteser: H1: Det är ett positivt linjärt samband mellan ett företags CSR utförande och dess bokföring baserad på finansiella resultat (representerad av ROA). H2: Det är ett positivt linjärt samband mellan ett företags CSR utförande och dess markandsbaserad finansiella värdering (representerad av Tobin's Q). H3: Industri modererar relationen mellan CSR och finasiellt resultat. H4: Företagsstorlek modererar relationen mellan CSR och finansiellt resultat. Teoretiskt ramverk: CSR och tidigare forskning. Metod: Longitudinell studie, Sekundär analys. Slutsats: Hypotes 1 kan avvisas. Hypotes 2 kan avvisas. Hypotes 3 kan avvisas. Hypotes 4 kan avvisas.

Submitted by Codie Ann Sanchez (codie.sanchez2015@fgvmail.br) on 2015-01-26T14:16:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Codie Sanchez - Thesis - 11-5-14.pdf: 11157706 bytes, checksum: 347b152ee482bcd0fa94a753c10cfc20 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-01-28T14:07:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Codie Sanchez - Thesis - 11-5-14.pdf: 11157706 bytes, checksum: 347b152ee482bcd0fa94a753c10cfc20 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-02-05T15:58:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Codie Sanchez - Thesis - 11-5-14.pdf: 11157706 bytes, checksum: 347b152ee482bcd0fa94a753c10cfc20 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-05T16:02:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Codie Sanchez - Thesis - 11-5-14.pdf: 11157706 bytes, checksum: 347b152ee482bcd0fa94a753c10cfc20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-30 / This paper examines the current Chilean and Brazilian pension markets, how these pension markets are structured, how they have historically invested their portfolios in ETFs and how they utilize Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs). This investigation will give an overview of the current pension landscape in each country, ETFs and ETF managers in the region, as well as distribution allowances and regulations for ETF providers within the region. Finally it will offer insights throughout that will be useful to those building a business or creating an expansion plan in Brazil or Chile.