The problem of this study was a descriptive analysis of the process of client-centered play therapy. The purposes of this study were (l) to investigate and describe the patterns of play activities, nonverbal expressions, and verbal comments during the process of client-centered play therapy; (2) to determine whether phases of emotional and/or social development do exist during the process of client-centered play therapy; and, (3) to describe any identified phases of emotional and/or social development that exist during the process of client-centered play therapy.

Yes / Firms widely use smiling models to create a positive background setting for advertisements. This study assesses the various effects of smiling in print advertisements across different stages of consumer decision-making, while also considering interaction effects between the genders of models and viewers. Empirical evidence comes from 175,647 consumer evaluations of 421 real advertisements across a broad spectrum of product categories (22). Beyond gender, a smiling model not only effects a positive attitude change but also influences a product's integration into a relevant set and a consumer's purchase intention. For female consumers, a smiling model of the same gender exerts a greater influence on positive brand attitude change and on purchase intention. Advertisers should avoid using non-smiling male models when targeting female consumers. In contrast, smiling models of both genders can positively influence male consumer reaction, while use of a female model should be avoided during the early stages.

The aim of this study is to discover nonverbal, bodily gesture and contextual cues indicating self-conscious emotions and use these clues to examine personal differences and psychopathological symptoms. Moreover, possible effects of cultural differences on self-conscious emotions&rsquo / recognition and their relation to psychopathology are meant to be discussed. To achieve aforementioned goals, the study is partitioned into three separate but interdependent phases. The aim of the study is scale adaptation for which the State Shame and Guilt Scale, Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3, Guilt- Shame Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory are applied to a group of 250 university students. The second study&rsquo / s objective is to determine the nonverbal expressions used in recognition of self-conscious emotions. To meet this goal, 5 TAT cards, whose compatibility with the research questions is verified, are applied to 45 university students in separate sessions by using close ended questions. In the third part of the study, 9 TAT cards, which include clues about recognition and nonverbal expressions of self-conscious emotions, adapted corresponding scales, and a psychopathological symptoms measuring scale (SCL-90) in self-report format are applied on a group of 250 university students. Factor and correlation analyses done in the first part reveal that adapted scales are reliable and valid, while group comparisons and measurements of the second part indicate differences in emotions. Findings reveal that shame can be recognized by nonverbal expressions whereas for guilt contextual clues are facilitated. In the third part, group comparisons and regression analyses, which are done in order to reveal self-conscious emotions&rsquo / recognition and their significant relationships with psychopathology, display that state self-conscious emotions and shame-proneness have very important roles on psychopathology. All these findings are discussed in the light of cultural effects.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Friedmann.pdf: 7460780 bytes, checksum: 2951784bd1a37294ab970c6ba87b22dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This thesis, anchored in concepts of the Anthropology of Childhood, has as its object of study, a series of children multicultural events and children's groups, belonging to different ages, socioeconomic and cultural contexts, expressed within the Brazilian territory. The selection excelled for the diversity of its expressions, pictorial images, playful spontaneous episodes, plastic productions, sayings, stories, imagination and other forms. The collection was made possible by material obtained from different sources: two surveys carried out among children in a Journal of São Paulo; a documentary about games in different cultural contexts; a project to encourage children's expression through art developed in educational and non-formal institutions. The theoretical references that based conceptions of childhood and multiculturalism have been given by Cohn, Sarmento, Qvortrup, Corsaro, Hardman, among the most significant. The analysis of the productions, was a reflective and sensitive incursion into expressive and intricate children worlds , enabled by the concept that different events can disrupt children's rigid structures and soar higher, allowing them to create culture, and that express subtle aspects of the identities involved. To this end, the work entered the fields of anthropology, philosophy, psychology, art and education and dialogue with various theoretical sources, including Morin, Deleuze, Durand, Bachelard, Jung, Ariel, Bauman, Ostrower. The reading done was guided by the idea of circularity between knowledge production and sensitivity among theorists, philosophers, artists and children, between observer and observed public, considered in the totality of their existence. The objective was to try and propose readings in circular paths of observation, listening and reading of children's worlds, in search of a better understanding of appropriate language and verbal and nonverbal expressions of children and their childhood, lived in conditions of post- modernity. In this sense, this study aimed to revive the dialogue between anthropology and education, pointing to the need for immersion in children´s universe, in educator s ludic literacy and their constant self-development, so that they can reframe the educational proposals from children, seen in their contexts. This thesis, by defending the importance of giving children a voice, hear them and understand them in terms of their universe and their cultures, emphasizes the key role given to educators and preaches the need for more research on this topic / Esta tese, ancorada em conceitos da Antropologia da Infância, tem, como objeto de estudo, um conjunto de manifestações multiculturais de crianças e grupos infantis, pertencentes a diferentes faixas etárias, contextos socioeconômicos e culturais, expressas dentro do território brasileiro. A seleção primou pela diversidade de suas expressões: imagens pictóricas, episódios lúdicos espontâneos, produções plásticas, dizeres, relatos, imaginações e outras formas. A coleta foi possibilitada por material obtido em diferentes fontes: duas pesquisas desenvolvidas junto a crianças por um Jornal do estado de São Paulo, de grande alcance; um documentário sobre brincadeiras e jogos realizados em diversos contextos culturais e projeto de incentivo à expressão infantil pela arte, desenvolvido em instituições de educação formal e não formal. As referências teóricas que alicerçaram as concepções de infância e sua multiculturalidade foram dadas por Cohn, Sarmento, Qvortrup, Corsaro, Hardman, entre os mais significativos. A análise das produções, constituiu-se em uma incursão reflexiva e sensível aos universos expressivos e labirínticos das crianças, possibilitada pela concepção de que as diferentes manifestações infantis podem romper estruturas rígidas e alçar vôos, permitindo-lhes a criação de cultura, e de que expressam aspectos sutis das identidades envolvidas. Para este fim, o trabalho adentrou áreas da antropologia, filosofia, psicologia, arte e educação dialogando com diversas fontes teóricas, entre elas Morin, Deleuze, Durand, Bachelard, Jung, Ariel, Bauman, Ostrower. A leitura realizada pautou-se pela idéia de circularidade entre produção de conhecimento e sensibilidade, entre teóricos, filósofos, artistas e crianças, entre observador e público observado, considerados na totalidade de suas existências. O objetivo do trabalho foi experimentar e propor leituras circulares nos caminhos de observação, escuta e leitura dos universos infantis, na busca de uma compreensão mais apropriada das linguagens e expressões verbais e não verbais das crianças e de suas infâncias, vividas em condições da pós-modernidade. Neste sentido, este trabalho buscou atiçar o diálogo entre a antropologia e a educação, apontando a necessidade de imersão no universo infantil, na alfabetização lúdica dos educadores e seu permanente auto-desenvolvimento, a fim de que se possam ressignificar propostas educacionais a partir das crianças, vistas em seus contextos. Esta tese, ao defender a importância de se dar voz às crianças, ouvi-las e compreendê-las, nas expressões de seu universo e de suas culturas, enfatiza o papel fundamental conferido aos educadores e prega a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre esta temática

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:52:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Friedmann.pdf: 7460780 bytes, checksum: 2951784bd1a37294ab970c6ba87b22dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-13 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This thesis, anchored in concepts of the Anthropology of Childhood, has as its object of study, a series of children multicultural events and children's groups, belonging to different ages, socioeconomic and cultural contexts, expressed within the Brazilian territory. The selection excelled for the diversity of its expressions, pictorial images, playful spontaneous episodes, plastic productions, sayings, stories, imagination and other forms. The collection was made possible by material obtained from different sources: two surveys carried out among children in a Journal of São Paulo; a documentary about games in different cultural contexts; a project to encourage children's expression through art developed in educational and non-formal institutions. The theoretical references that based conceptions of childhood and multiculturalism have been given by Cohn, Sarmento, Qvortrup, Corsaro, Hardman, among the most significant. The analysis of the productions, was a reflective and sensitive incursion into expressive and intricate children worlds , enabled by the concept that different events can disrupt children's rigid structures and soar higher, allowing them to create culture, and that express subtle aspects of the identities involved. To this end, the work entered the fields of anthropology, philosophy, psychology, art and education and dialogue with various theoretical sources, including Morin, Deleuze, Durand, Bachelard, Jung, Ariel, Bauman, Ostrower. The reading done was guided by the idea of circularity between knowledge production and sensitivity among theorists, philosophers, artists and children, between observer and observed public, considered in the totality of their existence. The objective was to try and propose readings in circular paths of observation, listening and reading of children's worlds, in search of a better understanding of appropriate language and verbal and nonverbal expressions of children and their childhood, lived in conditions of post- modernity. In this sense, this study aimed to revive the dialogue between anthropology and education, pointing to the need for immersion in children´s universe, in educator s ludic literacy and their constant self-development, so that they can reframe the educational proposals from children, seen in their contexts. This thesis, by defending the importance of giving children a voice, hear them and understand them in terms of their universe and their cultures, emphasizes the key role given to educators and preaches the need for more research on this topic / Esta tese, ancorada em conceitos da Antropologia da Infância, tem, como objeto de estudo, um conjunto de manifestações multiculturais de crianças e grupos infantis, pertencentes a diferentes faixas etárias, contextos socioeconômicos e culturais, expressas dentro do território brasileiro. A seleção primou pela diversidade de suas expressões: imagens pictóricas, episódios lúdicos espontâneos, produções plásticas, dizeres, relatos, imaginações e outras formas. A coleta foi possibilitada por material obtido em diferentes fontes: duas pesquisas desenvolvidas junto a crianças por um Jornal do estado de São Paulo, de grande alcance; um documentário sobre brincadeiras e jogos realizados em diversos contextos culturais e projeto de incentivo à expressão infantil pela arte, desenvolvido em instituições de educação formal e não formal. As referências teóricas que alicerçaram as concepções de infância e sua multiculturalidade foram dadas por Cohn, Sarmento, Qvortrup, Corsaro, Hardman, entre os mais significativos. A análise das produções, constituiu-se em uma incursão reflexiva e sensível aos universos expressivos e labirínticos das crianças, possibilitada pela concepção de que as diferentes manifestações infantis podem romper estruturas rígidas e alçar vôos, permitindo-lhes a criação de cultura, e de que expressam aspectos sutis das identidades envolvidas. Para este fim, o trabalho adentrou áreas da antropologia, filosofia, psicologia, arte e educação dialogando com diversas fontes teóricas, entre elas Morin, Deleuze, Durand, Bachelard, Jung, Ariel, Bauman, Ostrower. A leitura realizada pautou-se pela idéia de circularidade entre produção de conhecimento e sensibilidade, entre teóricos, filósofos, artistas e crianças, entre observador e público observado, considerados na totalidade de suas existências. O objetivo do trabalho foi experimentar e propor leituras circulares nos caminhos de observação, escuta e leitura dos universos infantis, na busca de uma compreensão mais apropriada das linguagens e expressões verbais e não verbais das crianças e de suas infâncias, vividas em condições da pós-modernidade. Neste sentido, este trabalho buscou atiçar o diálogo entre a antropologia e a educação, apontando a necessidade de imersão no universo infantil, na alfabetização lúdica dos educadores e seu permanente auto-desenvolvimento, a fim de que se possam ressignificar propostas educacionais a partir das crianças, vistas em seus contextos. Esta tese, ao defender a importância de se dar voz às crianças, ouvi-las e compreendê-las, nas expressões de seu universo e de suas culturas, enfatiza o papel fundamental conferido aos educadores e prega a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre esta temática

<p>How a speaker can use their posture, gesture, facial expression and voice to create a strong ethos, pistis and sense of trustworthiness is, in this paper, associated with charisma (the power of leadership or authority).</p><p>Verbal and nonverbal expressions from three particular speeches by Martin Luther King, John F Kennedy and Bill Clinton have been analyzed in depth. The results show that patos as well as strong nonverbal expression are factors in inspiring devotion or creating enthusiasm. Personal magnetism and radiance is also found to develop through figures of speech and rhetorical devices, including metaphors. Results show that facial expressions, pitch and other prosodic information are not always consciously taken in. Nevertheless, it is questioned whether such information can affect the ethos and pistis developed. This kind of subconscious infliction can be made visible by modern technical equipment. By identifying relevant para- and extralinguistic signals (so called ‘charismatic behaviors’ e.g. intense eyecontact) we can more easily understand why some people affect us greatly, while others go unnoticed.</p>

How a speaker can use their posture, gesture, facial expression and voice to create a strong ethos, pistis and sense of trustworthiness is, in this paper, associated with charisma (the power of leadership or authority). Verbal and nonverbal expressions from three particular speeches by Martin Luther King, John F Kennedy and Bill Clinton have been analyzed in depth. The results show that patos as well as strong nonverbal expression are factors in inspiring devotion or creating enthusiasm. Personal magnetism and radiance is also found to develop through figures of speech and rhetorical devices, including metaphors. Results show that facial expressions, pitch and other prosodic information are not always consciously taken in. Nevertheless, it is questioned whether such information can affect the ethos and pistis developed. This kind of subconscious infliction can be made visible by modern technical equipment. By identifying relevant para- and extralinguistic signals (so called ‘charismatic behaviors’ e.g. intense eyecontact) we can more easily understand why some people affect us greatly, while others go unnoticed.