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The feasibility of establishing the northeast coast of St. Lucia as a UNESCO-designated Biosphere Reserve was investigated. A Biosphere Reserve is a concept of sustainability that attempts to harmonize development, the welfare of the people, and the maintenance of a healthy ecological system while learning how to manage socio-ecological systems on the ground (UNESCO 1996a). The west coast of the island is heavily concentrated with commercial, tourism, and residential developments while the northeast coast of the island consists largely of dry forest and small, rural communities. The northeast is thus seen as the next frontier for development. However, in contrast to the west coast, conservation and habitat development in the dry forest on the east coast of the island remains possible because large scale tourism development is still in the planning stages there. This research investigates the feasibility of designating the northeast coast of St. Lucia as a Biosphere Reserve as one possible approach to sustainable development especially with regard to biodiversity conservation, tourism, and rural livelihoods. The dry forest is understudied in St. Lucia as are the concepts of sustainable development. The investigation of this study can highlight the sustainability deficiencies that could potentially hinder a biosphere reserve designation. Thus, this research focus and its findings have the potential to address a matter of key concern in St. Lucia’s sustainability planning efforts. Two hundred and fifty individuals participated in interviews and surveys which constituted the potential stakeholder groups of a Biosphere Reserve. They included community members, civil society, government officials, tour operators, tourists, developers, and private land owners. Qualitative analysis within the context of a sustainability framework revealed various themes pertinent to the designation of a Biosphere Reserve. The use of the statistical program NVIVO and Microsoft Excel were employed for such analysis. The results were analyzed using a combined sustainability framework of the Gibson sustainability assessment criteria (Gibson et al 2005) and the ecosystem-based approach (UNESCO 2000) which is promoted by the Conference of Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2000). The conceptual framework is the product of conceptualisation prior to the analysis of results as well as having emerged from the analysis as a piece of grounded theory. The sustainability criteria embraces the principles of socio-ecological integrity, precaution and adaption, livelihood sufficiency and opportunity, socio-ecological civility and democratic governance, inter- and intra-generational equity that must be integrated to achieve overall positive benefits towards sustainability (Gibson et al 2005). The ecosystem approach and the sustainability criteria overlap significantly however there are areas where they complement each other. The ecosystem approach espouses adaptive management principles to foster learning within unpredictable socio-ecological systems and promotes decisions that employ precaution but that also lead to better understanding of socio-ecological systems (UNESCO 2005). The ecosystem approach also espouses using economic incentives to protect biodiversity in opposition to market distortions that often undervalue ecosystem services. Major findings of the analysis included the weakness of the development process on the island; its lack of rigorous policies, the absence of a national land use plan and low public participation; all hindrances to sustainable development and to proper environmental management. Attempting to compete internationally while trying to maintain the island’s natural, cultural, and human resources has become an exceedingly difficult challenge and the island has often resorted to the high-density mass tourism route for economic development while the ideal aspiration has been for low-density, environmentally friendly and socio-culturally acceptable tourism. Furthermore, mass tourism impacts negatively on the environment and the majority of the economic benefits are repatriated to the countries of origin. Hence, there seems to be a disconnect between the relevant authorities who have the power to implement acts, laws and plans with the technocrats who prepare those plans and who are involved in research as well as with civil society and the general public who have concerns about the environmental toll and the overall direction of the tourism sector. People need development within their communities and see the dry forest as suitable for large scale development, more than likely of the tourism form. The ecosystems on the northeast coast which include the dry forest, mangroves, beaches, and the marine environment provide considerable ecosystem services to the people and to the island, such as natural hazard regulation, the provision of food, fuel, erosion control, water purification and waste treatment as well as the cultural services of sense of place, inspiration, and recreation. The northeast coast is therefore not yet ready to be designated a Biosphere Reserve as it must overcome certain challenges that impede sustainability. The major arguments point to the need for stronger policies for conservation, land use development, and equitable economic benefits for all from the tourism industry. The resolution of many of these issues lies in the structural changes of governance, constitutional reform, empowering the local citizenry through the building of human and social capital, and the creation of a democracy that is more participatory. Civil society and local governance are very weak within the communities and must therefore be built up in order for people to develop a sense of ownership and control over the development of their surroundings. People must be sensitized and educated about the dry forest as an important ecosystem that needs preservation. These are grand feats that will require a lot of time, vast amounts of effort, and a common vision before the designation of a Biosphere Reserve can be contemplated. Based on the research outcomes a preparatory phase of no less than 10 years to make the northeast coast an area suitable for a Biosphere Reserve is recommended. During this period of time significant gains should be made towards sustainable community economic and social development, environmental education concerning northeast coast ecosystems of the dry forest mangroves, and coastal systems, communities should be educated on Biosphere Reserves, small-scale sustainable tourism should be undertaken as well as other economic development initiatives in other sectors such as agriculture.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T14:55:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 4231010 bytes, checksum: 987dfa120393735b7344d81940380518 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The stomatopods are a marine criptobenthic crustacean order inhabiting tropical and subtropical waters. Their main characteristic is the augmented second pair of maxilipeds which are used as both tools and weapons. In the present work twenty species of stomatopods from the northeastern brazilian coast had been morphometrically studied and a species catalog was produced. Structural patterns were observed and described within the families and species. Maximum or minimum sizes of four species have been raised: Pseudosquillisma oculata; Lysiosquilla scabricauda; Alachosquilla floridensis and Gibbesia neglecta. Most cases showed that it is possible distinguishing among different taxons using six linear morphometric measurements through discriminant analyses. No significant morphometric differences between males and females were detected within the analysed species. Key words: stomatopods, brazilian northeast, morphometry, catalog, structural patterns. / Os estomatópodes compõe uma ordem de crustáceos marinhos criptobentônicos que habitam águas tropicais e subtropicais. A principal característica destes animais é o segundo par de maxilípedes aumentados que são utilizados tanto como ferramenta quanto arma. No presente trabalho vinte espécies de estomatópodes do litoral nordestino brasileiro foram estudadas morfometricamente e foi feito um catálogo de espécies. Foram observados e descritos padrões estruturais característicos das famílias e espécies. Os tamanhos mínimos ou máximos de quatro das espécies estudadas foram ampliados: Pseudosquillisma oculata; Lysiosquilla scabricauda; Alachosquilla floridensis e Gibbesia neglecta. Foi possível, na maioria dos casos, distinguir diferentes táxons utilizando seis características morfométricas lineares através de análises discriminantes. Não foram encontradas diferenças morfométricas significativas entre machos e fêmeas nas espécies analisadas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T14:55:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3149838 bytes, checksum: 6e2cd7d8e4cf2d23dbee3a492349788e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The Neotropical bat fauna stands out for presenting a high trophic and morphological diversity, which can comprise around 50% of mammal species associated with forests. Among the factors that could possibly allow the existence of this complex fauna, we highlight: the diversity of feeding strategies, the activity patterns, the seasonal variaton in the composition of bat communities and the vertical stratification. The present study aimed to analyze the vertical structure and composition of the bat fauna in an Atlantic forest area. The study was conducted between the months of april 2012 and march 2013, in the Reserva Biológica Guaribas (Sema 3), municipality of Rio Tinto, Paraiba. Three sample nights were performed monthly, with mist nets armed in the same position, placed in the understory and canopy (about 15 meters high), opened for 12 hours every night. Additionally, were performed active search for refuges and, during the last five months of sampling, we used three mobile mist nets set at the understory, opened for six hours every night. The total amount of sampling effort was 92.092 h.m2. From all methodologies, 1.760 individuals were captured, belonging to four families and 23 species, among wich we highlight the first record of Molossops temminckii for the state of Paraiba. The average estimated bat richness (Chao 1, Jack 1, Jack 2, Bootstrap) was 25.3±1.3 species. We observed the existence of vertical stratification, through multivariate analysis (PERMANOVA), with eight species (Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus planirostris, Cynomops planirostris, Glossophaga soricina, Molossops temminckii, Phyllostomus discolor, Platyrrhinus lineatus e Sturnira lilium) significantly more abundant in the canopy than in understory. No species showed a significant preference toward the understory. Besides the difference in species composition, abundance and richness were higher in the canopy. An analysis of variance showed no significant difference between the species capture time, except for Dermanura cinerea. We also found significant and positive correlations between total richness and abundance of Artibeus planirostris with the average monthly rainfall of the last five years for the city of Rio Tinto. / A quiropterofauna Neotropical se destaca por apresentar uma alta diversidade trófica e morfológica, podendo abranger em torno de 50% da mastofauna associada às florestas. Entre os fatores que, possivelmente, permitem a existência de uma fauna tão complexa, destacam-se: a diversidade de estratégias alimentares, os padrões no horário de atividade, a variação sazonal na composição das comunidades de morcegos e a estratificação vertical. O presente estudo teve como objetivos analisar a estrutura vertical e a composição da comunidade de morcegos em uma área de Mata Atlântica. O estudo foi desenvolvido entre os meses de abril de 2012 e março de 2013, na Reserva Biológica Guaribas (Sema 3), município de Rio Tinto, Paraíba. Foram realizadas três noites de coletas mensais, com redes fixas dispostas no sub-bosque e dossel florestal (em torno de 15m de altura), abertas por 12 horas a cada noite. Adicionalmente, foram realizadas buscas por abrigos e, durante os últimos cinco meses de amostragem, foram utilizadas três redes de sub-bosque móveis, abertas por seis horas a cada noite. O esforço total foi de 92.092 h.m2. A partir de todas as metodologias utilizadas, foram capturados 1.760 indivíduos, pertencentes a quatro famílias e 23 espécies, dentre as quais destaca-se o primeiro registro de Molossops temminckii para o estado da Paraíba. A estimativa média da riqueza de espécies (Chao 1, Jack 1, Jack 2 e Bootstrap) foi de 25.3±1.3 espécies. Foi observada a existência de estratificação vertical, através da análise multivariada (Permanova), sendo oito espécies (Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus planirostris, Cynomops planirostris, Glossophaga soricina, Molossops temminckii, Phyllostomus discolor, Platyrrhinus lineatus e Sturnira lilium) significativamente mais abundantes no dossel do que no sub-bosque. Nenhuma espécie mostrou preferência significativa pelo sub-bosque. Além da diferença na composição de espécies, a abundância e a riqueza foram maiores no dossel. Uma análise de variância não demonstrou diferença significativa entre os horários de captura das espécies, exceto para Dermanura cinerea. Foram também encontradas correlações significativas e positivas entre a riqueza total de espécies e a abundância de Artibeus planirostris com a precipitação média mensal dos últimos cinco anos para a cidade de Rio Tinto.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:02:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 10151334 bytes, checksum: ae6c5e5408cc3e3719bd5d3b61cd19a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Santo Daime is a religion that makes use of entheogenic drink Ayahuasca in their rituals. Formed in the mid-1930s in the city of Brasiléia, State of Acre, north of Brazil, founded by Raimundo Irineu Serrawho, borned in Maranhão, he migrated to the Amazon rainforest in the waves of the rubber boom. From Vila Ivonete quarter, with rural ares and strong Northeast presence, Santo Daime follows a script messia nic characteristics around the forest under the charismatic leadership of Sebastião Mota de Melo, and thence to the world. This research seeks to understand how, in the process of expanding to large urban centers and abroad, the Santo Daime comes to State of Paraíba and brings together the first group of followers who formed the first church in the Northeast, and other groups from Paraíba. We aimed to know which components of this land provided the establishment of this religious following in this field, the formation of Paraiba's daimista people, their characteristics and trends. As the main source of research subjects of this field actors of that history that revitalize memory in reports during the interviews, biased in Oral History, and their life experiences as followers of this cult. Anchored at the anthropological category known as participant observation or even observant participation, the research will marking its contours in the construction of the Santo Daime in Paraíba, gateway of this religion in the Northeast, and its development in the region memory. In Paraíba there are four groups or churches of Santo Daime, this research sought to identify the participants' narratives historical and cultural elements that make up this religious denomination in Paraiba field. This is an original study for the presence and memory of that religious group in Paraíba and Northeast regions. / O Santo Daime é uma religião que faz uso da bebida enteógena ayahuasca em seus rituais. Surgiu em meados de 1930 na cidade de Brasiléia, no Acre, região Norte do Brasil, fundada pelo maranhense Raimundo Irineu Serra que migrou para a floresta Amazônica nas levas do ciclo da borracha. Do bairro Vila Ivonete, com ares rurais e com forte presença nordestina, o Santo Daime segue um roteiro de características messiânicas de volta a floresta sob a liderança carismática de Sebastião Mota de Melo, e daí para o mundo. A presente pesquisa busca compreender como, no processo de expansão para os grandes centros urbanos e o exterior, o Santo Daime chega à Paraíba reúne o primeiro grupo de seguidores que formaram a primeira igreja do Nordeste e demais grupos paraibanos. Objetivamos saber quais componentes deste solo proporcionaram o estabelecimento desse segmento religioso neste campo, a formação do povo daimista paraibano, suas particularidades e tendências. Contamos como principal fonte de pesquisa os sujeitos deste campo, atores dessa história, que revitalizam a memória nos relatos durante as entrevistas, enviesadas na História Oral, e suas experiências de vida enquanto seguidores desse culto. Ancorada na categoria antropológica conhecida como observação participante ou mesmo participação observante, a pesquisa vai marcando seus contornos na construção da memória do Santo Daime na Paraíba, porta de entrada dessa religião no Nordeste, e seu desenvolvimento na região. Na Paraíba existem quatro grupos ou igrejas do Santo Daime, buscamos nessa pesquisa identificar, nas narrativas dos participantes, elementos históricos e culturais que compõem essa denominação religiosa no campo paraibano. Este é um estudo inédito quanto à presença e memória desse grupo religioso na Paraíba e no Nordeste.

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Submitted by Lucienne Costa (lucienneferreira@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-13T19:06:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LADY LAYANA MARTINS CUSTÓDIO – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGMET) 2017.pdf: 2210710 bytes, checksum: 55d1c243d2dffba97fddd5fcb1e2b54b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T19:06:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LADY LAYANA MARTINS CUSTÓDIO – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGMET) 2017.pdf: 2210710 bytes, checksum: 55d1c243d2dffba97fddd5fcb1e2b54b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-03 / Capes / Buscou-se avaliar neste trabalho as precipitações da EC e da PEC do LNEB e Roraima, bem como a relação entre esta variável nas duas áreas de estudo objetivando entender melhor os sistemas precipitantes que causam a EC, que, em geral, ocorre no trimestre abril, maio e junho, portanto, fora do período de monções na AS. Bem como verificar a relação da precipitação do LNEB e Roraima com a TSM do Pacífico Equatorial e Atlântico Tropical. Para tanto, utilizou-se de dados diários de precipitação de 1979 a 2013, provenientes do CFSR do NCEP, além dos dados do projeto Era-Interim do ECMWF de mesmo período e por fim, dados mensais oceânicos das regiões do El Niño e dos setores do Atlântico no período de 1982 a 2013. A princípio, calculou-se os ciclos pêntadais da precipitação, no qual, analisou-se as séries temporais das áreas de estudo e padrões atmosféricos associados. Usou-se o método hierárquico aglomerativo de Ward para classificar as regiões homogêneas de precipitação de ambas as áreas de estudo. A relação entre a TSM e a precipitação do LNEB e em Roraima e entre as precipitações destas áreas foi estimada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Os resultados obtidos mostraram três grupos homogêneos de precipitação em Roraima e dois no LNEB. Em média a EC para as áreas de estudo tem início na pêntada 17 e final na pêntada 40. A PEC para LNEB e Roraima mostrou-se inconsistentes, pois dos cinco grupos de precipitação, em quatro, o número de ocorrências de PEC foram abaixo da metade da série histórica. As altas pressões ao nível do mar dos setores do Atlântico exercem função fundamental na contribuição da EC do LNEB e Roraima. Também se verificou que o ENOS tem papel relevante nas variabilidades interanuais da precipitação do LNEB e de Roraima, tanto nos totais anuais como nos da EC. As chuvas em Roraima apresentam correlação estatisticamente significativa com a TSM do norte do Atlântico, e as da região do Agreste do LNEB com a TSM do Atlântico Sul. Observou-se que as variabilidades interanuais dos totais anuais e sazonais de precipitação de Roraima e LNEB estão em fase, ou seja, em geral, os anos chuvosos em Roraima são os mesmos do LNEB, assim como os secos. As conclusões mais relevantes foram: a EC em Roraima possui regime tipo monções de surgimento brusco e término lento, enquanto a do LNEB apresenta transição gradual, configurando um regime diferente dos de monções; os sistemas meteorológicos produtores de precipitação nas duas regiões são diferentes, porém atuam na mesma época do ano; a marcha anual dos totais pentadais de precipitação ao longo do ano são as mesmas e são influenciados pelo ENOS e pela intensidade e posição das altas pressões do Atlântico resultando em variabilidades interanuais da precipitação em fase nas duas regiões. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the precipitations of the RS and PRS of the ENEB and Roraima, in addition to the relation between this variable in the two study areas for the sake of getting a better understanding of the precipitating systems that cause RS, which generally occurs in the quarter of April, May and June, thus outside the monsoon period in SA. Additionally the study aimed to verify the relation of the precipitation of the ENEB and Roraima with the SST of the Equatorial Pacific and Tropical Atlantic. In order to do so, daily precipitation data from 1979 to 2013 from the NCEP CFSR were used, apart from Era-Interim data from the ECMWF project of the same period and, finally, monthly ocean data from the El Niño regions and the Atlantic sectors from 1982 to 2013. At first, the 5-days cycles of the precipitation were calculated, in which the time series of study areas and the atmospheric patterns associated were analyzed. Ward's agglomerative hierarchical clustering method was used to classify the homogeneous precipitation regions of both study areas. The link between the SST and precipitation in ENEB and Roraima and between precipitations in these areas was estimated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. The results obtained showed three homogeneous groups of precipitation in Roraima and two in the ENEB. On average, the RS for the study areas starts at the 17 pentad and at the end at the 40 pentad. The PRS for ENEB and Roraima appeared to inconsistent, because among the five precipitation groups, four of them presented a number of PRS occurrences below half of the historical series. The high sea-level pressure of the Atlantic sectors play a fundamental role contributing to the ENEB and Roraima RS. It was also verified that the ENSO has a relevant role in the interannual variability of the ENEB and Roraima precipitation, both in the annual totals and in the RS. The rainfall in Roraima shows a statistically significant correlation with the SST of the North Atlantic, and those of the Agreste region of the ENEB with the SST of the South Atlantic. We observed that the interannual variabilities of the annual and seasonal precipitation totals of Roraima and ENEB are in-phase, that is, in general, the rainy years in Roraima are the same as in the ENEB, in addition to the dry ones. The most relevant conclusions were: the RS in Roraima has a monsoon type regime with abrupt onset and slow ending, while the ENEB has a gradual transition, forming a regime different from that of the monsoons; the meteorological systems producing precipitation in the two regions are different, however acting at the same time of year; the annual marching of the pentad totals of precipitation throughout the year are the same and are influenced by the ENSO and the intensity and position of the high pressure of the Atlantic, resulting in interannual variabilities of the precipitation in phase in the two regions.

Um Sistema de Gerência de Pavimento (SGP) é capaz de coordenar um conjunto de atividades objetivando manter pavimentos em condições funcionais e estruturais adequadas às necessidades dos seus usuários, proporcionando uma estrutura para o desenvolvimento econômico e social. Esta tese teve como objetivo principal propor a estruturação necessária de um SGP apropriado aos Estados do Nordeste Brasileiro. Foram estudados os Estados do Ceará e da Paraíba, utilizando-se dados cadastrais das rodovias e de monitoramentos de IRI, IGG, PCR e Deflexão Máxima do pavimento (FWD e Viga Benkelman), fornecidos pelos Órgãos Rodoviários, para a avaliação das ferramentas propostas nesta tese. O diagnóstico da condição superficial dos pavimentos na data dos levantamentos, apontou conceito ruim para a malha da Paraíba e bom para a malha do Ceará. Foram estabelecidas Unidades de Amostragem, distribuídas por toda a malha rodoviária desses estados, utilizando ferramentas da Geoestatística para o seu dimensionamento, a qual permitiu determinar o espaçamento máximo entre amostras sem que se altere o perfil de desempenho dos trechos analisados. Constatou-se a possibilidade de reduzir a extensão de monitoramentos para 6,8% e 4,1% da malha, respectivamente para o Ceará e Paraíba. Foram ajustados modelos determinísticos por regressão para a previsão dos parâmetros de desempenho disponíveis, relacionando-os com o clima, a capacidade estrutural e solicitações de tráfego. A análise de consistência dos modelos confirmou as suas boas performances. As análises de priorização foram realizadas utilizando a Análise Multicriterial pelo Método PROMETHEE II, a partir de alternativas indicadas por Árvores de Decisão. Este método de análise, quando aplicado em nível de rede, permitiu avaliar como a consideração de várias óticas (financeira, técnica, sócio-econômica, ambiental e de tráfego) influenciam na tomada de decisão. A aplicação desta ferramenta em nível de projeto permitiu selecionar a estratégia de manutenção de pavimentos que reunisse em si as melhores condições de Custo do Ciclo Vida e serventia do pavimento para o cenário estabelecido. / A Pavement Management System (PMS) is capable of coordinating a set of activities with the purpose of keeping the pavement structural and functional in adequate levels, providing infrastructure for social and economic development. This thesis' objective was to develop a PMS structure suitable to the Brazilian Northeastern States. Data including IRI, PCR and deflection from road surveys and monitory of the States of Ceará and Paraíba were considered. Those data provided by the State Roads Departments, were used to evaluate same tools and procedures used in this thesis. The pavement surface condition of Paraíba Roads Network was evaluated as "poor", while Ceará Roads Network was classified as "good". Sampling Units, distributed along the State Roads Network, were established using Geostatistics tools allowing increasing lag spacing while keeping the performance of the analyzed sections. It was found that the length of surveyed sections may be reduced to 6.8% and 4.1% of Ceará and Paraíba State Roads Networks, respectively. Deterministic regression models were fitted to predict performance parameter based on regional climate, structural capacity and traffic loads. The models accuracy was proved. Priorization analysis was carried out based on the alternatives included in Decision Trees, using Multicriterial Analysis with PROMETHEE II Method. This analysis method, when applied in network level, allowed evaluating how taking into account several points-of-view (financial, technical, socioeconomic, environmental and traffic) affects decision making. The application of this tool in project level allowed selecting pavement maintenance strategies with the lowest Life Cycle Cost and the highest pavement serviceability in a given scenario.

Until the 1990s, the sugar cane industry had a strong presence of the Government in its support. However, the government intervention not equalized disparities between the producing regions, thus regional differences were observed disadvantaging the Northeast. Since deregulation, producing units began to adopt different competitive strategies through new forms of organization and production management. This fact has been requiring from the companies adjustments in its basic skills and the development of new skills to operate in a changing environment permeated by new technology and new demands. In this context, this study aims to map the technological capabilities of the sugarcane agro-industry in the Northeast. Moreover, the mills/ distilleries were grouped according to its respective levels of technology through the method of cluster analysis. The results show that the sugar cane industry in the Northeast has high technological capabilities in basic and intermediate functions of investment, production/operations, innovation and relationship to the economy, however in the advanced level such capabilities are low or nonexistent. Thus, highlighting the fact that the region needs to develop its technological capabilities in order to survive nationally. / Até a década de 1990 a agroindústria canavieira contava com a forte presença do Governo na sua sustentação. Porém, a intervenção estatal não equalizou as disparidades entre as regiões produtoras, assim, as diferenças regionais foram evidenciadas desfavorecendo o Nordeste. A partir da desregulamentação as unidades produtoras passaram a adotar diferentes estratégias competitivas através de novas formas de organização e administração da produção. Esse fenômeno vem requerendo das empresas do setor ajustes em suas competências básicas e o desenvolvimento de novas competências para operar em um ambiente mutável e permeado por novas tecnologias e demandas. Nesse contexto, a presente dissertação busca mapear o conjunto de competências presentes atualmente no setor sucroenergético do Nordeste. Do mesmo modo, as usinas/destilarias foram agrupadas de acordo com seus respectivos níveis tecnológicos, por meio do método de análise de conglomerados, ou cluster analysis. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a agroindústria canavieira do Nordeste apresenta elevada capacitação tecnológica no nível básico e intermediário nas funções de investimento, produção/operação, inovação e relação com a economia, porém, no nível avançado as capacitações são baixas ou inexistentes. Assim, evidenciando o fato que a região necessita desenvolver as suas capacitações tecnológicas a fim de sobreviver nacionalmente.

This study aims to discuss the phenomena intrinsic to the dynamics of industrialization in the Northeast region and to demonstrate the specifics of the industrial structure of the states that comprise it from the time of trade liberalization in the 1990s, from the perspective of industrial agglomeration factors and regional economic development. The research methodology used was literature review, along with data analysis offered by official institutions based in the manufacturing industry. The study concludes that Brazil's Northeast Region had only movements in the domestic industry with the specialized diversification of some states and concentration of the number of industries industry in the states of Bahia, Pernambuco and Ceará, with direct effect of this configuration the opposite behavior to that presented by the national industry, reducing the number of jobs and their participation in national quantitative when all other regions increased. Finally, it demonstrates that fans states of mono-industry eventually reverse its profits in shipments to other states, creating a new competitive market off its axis. In this regard, remains proven that private investment of large oligopolistic groups the state would directly for new developments in the Southeast and Midwest. / O presente estudo visa à discussão dos fenômenos intrínsecos à dinâmica de industrialização da região Nordeste e a demonstrar as especificidades da estrutura industrial dos estados que a compõem a partir da época da abertura comercial, nos anos 1990, sob a perspectiva dos fatores de aglomeração industrial e desenvolvimento econômico regional. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica, juntamente com análise de dados ofertados por instituições oficiais baseada na indústria de transformação. O estudo conclui que o Nordeste do Brasil apresentou movimentos únicos na indústria nacional, com a diversificação especializada da indústria de alguns estados e concentração do número de indústrias nos estados da Bahia, Pernambuco e Ceará, sendo efeito direto desta configuração o comportamento contrário ao apresentado pela indústria nacional, diminuindo o número de vagas de trabalho e sua participação no quantitativo nacional quando todas as outras regiões a aumentavam. Por fim, demonstra-se que os estados de mono indústria acabaram por reverter seus lucros em remessas para outros estados, criando um novo mercado competitivo fora de seu eixo. Neste sentido, restou comprovado que o investimento privado dos grandes grupos oligopolistas do estado ia diretamente para novos empreendimentos na região Sudeste e Centro-Oeste.