The Government of National Unity's (GNU) desire to eliminate socio-economic imbalances inherited from the apartheid era resulted in the creation ofthe Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) which outlines principles and strategies for development in key areas. One such area is nutrition; in this regard President Mandela enacted the Primary School Nutrition Programme (PSNP) to provide one third of the minimum daily food intake for primary school children, where the need existed. The PSNP was launched on the 1st of September 1994 following the announcement of the start of the programme by the President in his State of the Nation Address on 24 May 1994. Prior to the establishment of the PSNP, the National Nutrition and Social Development Programme (NNSDP) was addressing malnutrition, targeting pre-school children and pregnant and nursing mothers. Initiated without a carefully planned strategy and clearly defined roles for the national and provincial offices, the NNSDP and its successor, the PSNP were, and remain, far from successful. In 1996 the Health Systems Trust (HST) and the Department of Health (DoH) held a workshop intended to build a framework for evaluating the PSNP. The evaluation of the PSNP was prompted by the fact that direct nutrition interventions in South Africa account for about 7% of the public health budget which in monetary terms is a considerable amount. It remains dubious whether this money is being spent efficiently and appropriately. Further, the evaluation of the programme is a result of severe criticism from all fronts of society as fraud has become apparent in the various government departments within the provinces. In KwaZulu Natal, extensive fraud has occurred, where cases of non-existent schools and teachers have, for example, been discovered on the list of beneficiaries of the PSNP. The aim of this study is to form a component of the HST and DoH evaluation of the PSNP through investigating how the allocation of funding has been conducted in KwaZulu Natal, and, if this is found to be inappropriate, to provide recommendations for improved allocation . of funds. To find out more about allocation procedures in KwaZulu Natal, key informants from the Department of Health were interviewed and their responses were analysed to expose problems with the targeting and allocation of funding at the various levels of government. Further, data obtained from the KwaZulu Natal Department of Health in Durban were analysed using a sample taken from the final financial quarter ofthe year 1995/96. These data showed the amount of PSNP funds advanced to ,each school compared with the amount of funding which was accounted for, as per the procedures for the implementation of the programme. Judging from the results obtained, the use of allocated funds for the PSNP in KwaZulu Natal has not been successful in 80% of cases in the ten Magisterial Districts assessed. In educational terms, there may be a role for a programme such as the PSNP - providing pupils with enough food to enable them to be more alert and active in the school environment whereas in nutritional terms, this appears to be less the case. Improving nutrition status is much more feasible when programmes are targeted at the very young and pre-school children. Lack of targeting in KwaZulu Natal has contributed to limited success of the PSNP as a nutrition tool. In the light of the evaluation undertaken in this study, it is proposed that targeting younger, pre-school children is an attractive alternative for future nutrition-based interventions and more development-based approaches, rather than the "food hand-outs" which appear to characterise the PSNP. / Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1997.

An evaluation of the impact of the nutritional program "Mangeons en coeur" was conducted with 64 participants in this program. The two study objectives were to measure any changes in the dietary intake of program participants and to evaluate the performance of a food habits questionnaire in evaluating change in fat intake at the individual level. The dietary evaluation by the diet history indicated no change in the total intake of lipids (31% of energy as lipids) over the course of the program. Comparisons of the total lipid intake as measured by the diet history and food habits questionnaire indicated significant correlations at both baseline and at the end of the program.

Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. / Bibliography: leaves 217-232. / xvi, 232 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / A cross-sectional survey of a randomly selected population sample was carried out to determine the associations of social status, beliefs and attitudes with dietary intake (Adelaide, Brisbane, Perth) / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Community Medicine, 1993

Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. / Bibliography: leaves 217-232. / xvi, 232 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / A cross-sectional survey of a randomly selected population sample was carried out to determine the associations of social status, beliefs and attitudes with dietary intake (Adelaide, Brisbane, Perth) / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Community Medicine, 1993

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, 2001. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 1, 2005). Includes bibliographical references (p. 327-346).

All-College Honors thesis - - State University of New York College at Cortland, 2008 - - Department of Physical Education. / Includes bibliographical references (p.[25-6]).

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2003. / Bibliography: leaves 102-117. Also available online.

Os estudos sobre os hábitos alimentares valem-se de diferentes instrumentos, conforme o objetivo da pesquisa e a população investigada. Em se tratando da população infantil, há maior variação intrapessoal e limitada capacidade cognitiva para informar o que ingeriram, tornando a avaliação dietética mais difícil. Não há um "melhor método", mas sim um método adequado a uma determinada situação. Tal método necessita de acurácia razoável e custo relativamente baixo, quando a pesquisa envolve muitos indivíduos. Entre as opções, há o registro alimentar, o recordatório alimentar de 24 horas, o questionário de frequência de consumo alimentar e a história alimentar. Em clínica, o inquérito alimentar visa orientar sobre a tomada de decisão sobre o melhor tratamento para manter ou promover a saúde do paciente. O interesse sobre os métodos de medida de ingestão alimentar é cada vez maior, o que permite o crescente conhecimento das vantagens e desvantagens de cada método. Neste artigo são discutidos os diversos instrumentos, suas características, aplicações e limitações. / Studies on eating habits employ different instruments, depending on the aims of the protocol and the population being investigated. In the case of the pediatrics population, there is greater intra-individual variability, and a more limited cognitive ability to inform what has been ingested. This makes the dietary assessment more difficult. There is no "the best method", but a more adequate approach for each situation. When the research involves many subjects, the method of choice has to show reasonable accuracy, and be relatively inexpensive. Among the options, we find the food record, the 24-hour dietary recall, the food-frequency questionnaire, and the diet history. In the clinic setting, the dietary assessment aims at helping the health professionals to choose the best approach to maintain or promote the patients' health. There is growing interest in the subject. This paper discusses several instruments, their characteristics, applications and limitations.