The liability of companies for extra-territorial human rights violations does not solely arise from human rights statutes and traditional tort law approaches, but also from the corporate and securities law domains. Securities law requires that public companies disclose any high risk activity that the company is involved in, to the extent that it may affect the viability of the corporation, and this includes possible human rights violations. Management decisions in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility must concern the long-term viability of a company, and therefore accommodating, to the extent possible, the demands of stakeholders – be they traditional shareholders, responsible shareholders, or affected communities. This thesis will analyze the legal obligations triggering such corporate decisions, as well as the industry trends which inform them. The focus will be on Canadian public mining companies.

The purpose of this essay is to propose a comprehensive legal theory of implementation allowing for a deeper understanding of the failures of contemporary Public Administration. Such a theory requires its proper methodology, which is, In fact, the missing link between administrative law and the so-called new sciences. The thesis takes the view that the systemic approach satisfies the above requirements, for it makes possible the broader concepti6n of law, viewed within Its social context. It also makes salient the decision-making element inherent in the implementation process. In this way, it enables the researcher to identify and interrelate important but latent factors of implementation failure, neglected or even overlooked by purely legal or purely empirical implementation studies. This deeper understanding of implementation, drawn from the relevant theoretic systemic models, is a necessary prerequisite for a sound policy making, avoiding the pitfalls of implementation failure. On the other hand, the usefulness of the proposed comprehensive legal study of implementation is shown in the Second Part of the thesis. For this purpose, a characteristic case of administrative failure has been selected and analyzed on the basis of the relevant theoretical model proposed in Part One. The case refers to the failure of urban policy in Greece as expressed in the phenomenon of unauthorized development. It is a case worth studying, since the failure is due to a multiplicity of factors other then the relevant legislation (statute of 17.7.1923), which is of a remarkable quality. The models and findings of the study can be applied to any case of implementation failure, thereby facilitating not only diagnosis but prevention of failures as well.

Thesis (LL. M.)--University of Toronto, 2005.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Tübingen, 1971. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-152).

Written for the Institute of Air and Space Law. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2010/04/28). Includes bibliographical references.

Th. doct.--Université de Nimègue, 1996. / Bibliogr. p. 424-444. Index.

Th.--Sci. de gest.--Rennes 1, 1981.

Les centres commerciaux sont devenus une composante majeure de notre environnement. Mais si le paysage commercial a évolué au cours des cinquante dernières années, les cadres juridiques habituels tels que la copropriété, la concession immobilière, et l’attribution en jouissance se sont révélés inadaptés. Le présent travail propose de démontrer dans un premier temps que le bail commercial demeure l'outil contractuel le plus adapté pour organiser les relations au sein d'un centre commercial. Le succès du bail commercial pourrait toutefois interpeller. Comment une technique juridique construite autour de l’idée de protection et d’indépendance du commerçant traditionnel, peut-elle constituer la technique privilégiée d’organisation des centres commerciaux ? Si la matière demeure gouvernée en partie par l’ordre public, l’analyse de l’évolution de la jurisprudence et des clauses rédigées dans ces types de contrat révèle que le champ d’expression de la liberté contractuelle n’est pas négligeable et que le statut des baux commerciaux s’est adapté aux spécificités des centres commerciaux. En témoigne notamment la jurisprudence sur les clauses-recettes. L’importance quantitative du phénomène, combinée aux problématiques multiples qu’il n’a cessé de soulever et aux évolutions jurisprudentielles et législatives qu’il a engendrées ne doit-il pas conduire à considérer qu’il existerait une catégorie de baux commerciaux dérogatoire pour les centres commerciaux ? C’est ce que notre étude propose de démontrer dans un second temps. / Commercial picture has changed over the past fifty years. Shopping centers now occupy a key position in real estate. However, usual legal frameworks such as coownership (copropriété), concession (concession immobilière) and attribution into possession (attribution en jouissance) have proven to be inappropriate. The present study provides to first demonstrate that the commercial lease remains the most appropriate contractual tool to organise relationships within a shopping center. One could however be surprised by such a success. Indeed, how could one explain that this legal technique, which was first created to protect traditionnal shopkeepers and their business from any eviction, soon became the favorite technique to organise shopping centers ? It can certainly not be ignored that commercial leases are partially governed by imperative rules. However, either the evolution of case-laws and the terms and conditions negotiated in such contracts intend to prove that the the so-called statut des baux commerciaux has adapted to specific characteristics of shopping centers. The present study intends to demonstrate that there is a class of commercial leases which is specifically adapted to shopping centers and derogates from the common status.

No description available.

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / No autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo