This research raises the need to rethink work as a way of organizing life in its capitalist sense in the Iberian Peninsula from the end of the 1990s to the present, due to the fact that at that time and in that space there was a particular tension between the development of neoliberalism and the scarcity and precariousness of work. I articulate this proposal from the analysis of several specific films that capture some of the fundamental tensions to understand work as a problem. There are six films linked by the approach to this issue of work from its very way of being produced: Numax presents... (Joaquín Jordà 1980) which serves as an entrance gate as an introduction and historical connection with the problems that come from the 70s; 20 years is nothing (Jordà 2005), which is a continuation of Numax presents…; The Nothing Factory (Pedro Pinho 2018); In Vanda's room (2000); and now? Lembra-me (Joaquim Pinto 2018) and Andrómedas (Clara Sanz 2020). Each of these films offers a unique angle of approach, not only from its very way of suggesting problems around work, but from how they are produced to deal with them. Here it is about work as a concrete historical phenomenon that affects and organizes people's lives. Therefore, an analysis of work in the capitalist conditions of this period is proposed. All these films, each in its own way, offer attempts that stress the very idea of ​​production, that allow us to think of ways of working beyond the capitalist model. Esta investigación plantea la necesidad de repensar el trabajo como forma de organizar la vida en su sentido capitalista en la Península Ibérica desde fines de los años 90 hasta el presente, por darse en ese tiempo y en ese espacio una tensión particular entre el desarrollo del neoliberalismo y la escasez y la precarización del trabajo. Esta propuesta la articulo a partir del análisis de varias películas concretas que captan algunas de las tensiones fundamentales para entender el trabajo como problema. Son seis películas vinculadas por el abordaje de esta cuestión del trabajo desde su misma manera de producirse: Numax presenta… (Joaquín Jordà 1980) que sirve de pórtico de entrada a modo de introducción y conexión histórica con los problemas que vienen de los 70; 20 años no es nada (Jordà 2005), que supone una continuación de Numax presenta…; La fábrica de nada (Pedro Pinho 2018); En el cuarto de Vanda (2000); E agora? Lembra-me (Joaquim Pinto 2018) y Andrómedas (Clara Sanz 2020). Cada una de estas películas ofrece un ángulo de aproximación singular, no sólo desde su forma misma de sugerir problemas en torno al trabajo, sino desde cómo se producen para hacerse cargo de ellos. Aquí se trata del trabajo como fenómeno histórico concreto que afecta y organiza la vida de las personas. Por eso, se plantea un análisis del trabajo en las condiciones capitalistas de este periodo. Todas estas películas, cada una a su manera, ofrecen tentativas que tensionan la idea misma de producción, que permiten pensar en formas de trabajar más allá del modelo capitalista.

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in firefighters (FF) around the nation. Recent observational studies have emerged suggesting that FF consume calorically dense foods, high in sugar and fat, but low in nutritional value which can exacerbate heart diseases and impair performance. The potential to improve cardiometabolic and performance measurements when following a carbohydrate (CHO) restricted diet (CRD) has gained interest in the literature. To date, only one study has employed a nutrition intervention in FF, yet its’ focus was on nutrient dense foods and antioxidant supplements. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the cardiometabolic and performance effects of a 28-day CRD in FF. 15 career FF participated and finished the present study. Participants reported to the laboratory on 9 separate occasions. Trial 1 consisted of participants having a blood draw performed for assessment of their heart disease risk followed by body composition, blood pressure, and a glucose challenge test (GCT) to assess glucose impairment following ingestion of a 75 g glucose beverage. Trial 2 consisted of a graded exercise cycling test with 5 stages followed by a maximal Wingate for 30 s. Finally, the last trial included the FF physical performance assessment (FPPA) which consisted of a 2.41-km run followed by 2 min of maximal pull-ups, push-ups, and sit-ups. The first 3 trials were used as familiarizations, the second 3 trials were used as baseline measurements, and the last 3 trials followed the 28-day CRD. The CRD consisted of ad-libitum consumption of fat and protein and keeping CHO < 25% daily kilocalorie intake. Dependent variables measured pre- and post-diet included body composition, lipid profile, insulin, cortisol, c-reactive protein (CRP), GCT, substrate oxidation rates, Wingate variables, and the FPPA. Following the diet, participants had significant reductions in CRP, blood pressure, 2.41-km run time, CHO oxidation rates, and fat mass. Participants also had significant increases in high density cholesterol count, fat oxidation rates, and pull-up repetitions. Overall, our results show that a CRD in a high-stress occupation can favorably change markers of heart disease and body composition without decrements to physical performance.

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One of the main purposes of the study, then, became that of estimating the degree of change which may be expected, with regard to attitudes concerning occupations, during a four-year period of college experiences. In order to carry out that purpose, an investigation was made of the occupational attitudes held by Seniors and Freshmen at Radford College, in order to observe whatever differences might exist between the judgments of the two groups. The fact that most of the subject groups were preparing for work in a professional field was taken into consideration where preference was shown for occupation of a professional nature. / M.S.

Thesis advisor: Michael G. Pratt / This work focuses on an Occupational Identity Existential Threat (OIET): the experience of a possible permanent loss of an individual’s ability to claim, enact, or draw meaning from a valued occupational identity. OIETs occur among members when their occupation is in such decline that it may not survive. Identity threats from occupational demise can affect entire collectives and impact not only individuals’ identities but their relationships at and with their work; and consequently, can have important consequences on occupational members’ lives. Yet, our current theories are ill-equipped to understand how individuals experience these threats as they tend to focus on non-existential threats coming from clear losses. To address how occupational members experience an OIET, I followed a grounded theory approach and conducted an inductive qualitative study of Les Clefs d’Or concierges in the USA. I have completed about 130hrs of observations and I collected a total of 101 interviews (with 85 informants) over a period of two and a half years, plus longitudinal interviews with key occupational actors. At the occupational level, I find that the leadership of the occupation entered a ‘survival’ mode by providing support to their members, as well as narratives generating hopefulness for the maintenance of their occupation. At the individual level, I uncover several paths that Les Clefs d’Or members followed when faced with OIET: withdrawing, waiting, searching and defending. Each path had distinct outcomes on how individuals related to the occupation, as well as their mental health and relationships with other members. Finally, I describe the theoretical and practical implications of this work. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2022. / Submitted to: Boston College. Carroll School of Management. / Discipline: Management and Organization.

The tenets of representative bureaucracy suggest that the composition of the bureaucracy should mirror the people it serves including women in order to influence the name, scope, and implementation of public policies. Women are still underrepresented in mid-to-upper management in male-dominated occupations. When women are under-represented in mid-to-upper levels of management in government, there are implications regarding representative bureaucracy. This study examined the career progression experiences of women who were successful in reaching mid-to-upper levels of management in male-dominated occupations in state government. Specifically, the study explored how women perceive various occupational factors including their rates of participation, experiences, gender, roles within the bureaucracy, interactions with their coworkers, leaders and organizational policies, personal influence, and decision-making abilities. The findings revealed that women experience various barriers to career progression in male-dominated occupations, but find mechanisms to navigate obstacles imposed by the negative consequences of tokenism. The findings indicate that although women have been successful in reaching mid-to-upper level management in male-dominated occupations, they do so in institutions, regional, district, field or offices with fewer overall employees where they have less opportunity to have influence on overall agency-wide policy decisions. The decision-making power is limited to implementation strategies of agency-wide policies within their smaller domains or geographical area of responsibility.