This study is textual in its resource rather than empirical, and is applied to the experiential nature of the dream-ego. It is conceptual in its application, and its domain of inquiry is focussed on redescribing and reinterpreting the Jungian literature in order to further inform the understanding of the role of the dream-ego in analytical psychological practice. The major underlying assumption which forms the primary foundation for this study is that ‘mind is the subjective experience of brain’ and this statement serves the purpose of positioning the study as being anchored in biological science but not biological in scope. The statement also implies there is no conflict in the conclusions of neurobiological studies and phenomenological studies and positions these realms as correlates of each other. The subjective experience of brain is the realm in which our lives are lived and in which all our perceptions, ideas and feelings are experienced and so the phenomenological approach of the study is a consequence of that fact. The focus is on the dream-ego itself, using a selection of Jung’s own recorded dreams as vehicles to support, describe and reinterpret concepts from the literature in order to elucidate the dream-ego’s function in psychological health. If the dreaming state were exclusively an innocuous epiphenomenon of neurological processes with no experiential function, then it would be expected that the images generated would be quarantined from consciousness entirely, for reasons of psychic stability and hence then cease to be images, but the commonality and regularity of the dream-ego experience indicates an evolved psychic phenomenon with a definite relationship to the waking-ego. The remarkable images and associations experienced in dreams are expressions of the psyche’s uncompromising experiential authenticity and although these dream experiences may be profoundly complex, the dream-ego is seen to have an underlying naivety whose nature is captured by the title of Charles Rycroft’s (1981) book “The Innocence of Dreams”. When the dream-ego is contrasted to the waking-ego it becomes clear that the major difference is in this ‘innocence’ which is a consequence of the attenuation of rationality and volition for the dream-ego. This weaker rationality and volition prevents the dream-ego from talking or walking its way out of confrontation with unconscious content which manifests before it. The dream-ego experience is based on feelings and emotions which were the original reasons and criteria driving the censorship of the ‘feeling toned complexes’, as Jung describes them. The experience of unconscious material by the vulnerable dream-ego and the subsequent transfer to the waking-ego provides the option for the waking-ego to ‘reconsider’ or to make decisions based on the authentic feelings of the psyche. The fact that mammals exhibit REM sleep, and the strong case for mammals dreaming during that period, complicates the understanding of human dream function. In non dreaming sleep the ego is annihilated but is underwritten by the neural networks which constitute the ego when ‘active����. Since neural networks are known to atrophy with disuse, the sequestered ego is at risk of loss of fidelity on manifestation, and therefore may mismatch the environmental context. The study presents the dreaming state as the periodic partial activation of the ����neural ego���� to prevent atrophy and to maintain ego retrieval fidelity. This concept has applicability also to the animal case, since they must maintain their behavioural fluency and environmental congruence. Once the evolved dreaming state is established in mammals it may be subject to further evolutionary possibilities and subtleties in the human case. A consequence of this study is the presentation of the dream-ego as the partial arousal of the waking-ego, rather than the normal wording of the dream-ego as the half asleep waking-ego, since the dream-ego is seen as the psyche rehearsing its ego. The defining phenomenology of the dream-ego is found in its vulnerability to the feelings and emotions of the psyche, but paradoxically this vulnerability is its strength in its role as the feeling nexus between the unconscious and conscious mind. The waking-ego which may misconstrue its role in the psyche’s scheme of things and become aloof in its mentations believing all problems are intellectual, has the innocence of the dream-ego experience as its lifeline to the psyche’s authenticity. It is the intent of this study to contribute to the understanding of the role of the dream-ego experience in therapeutic practice, and placing the dream-ego as the protagonist of the study, to be attentive to the power of its innocence. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

<p>“To be, or not to be” surely constitutes a strange walk on the tight rope between delusion and reality, and apparently, Robert Fleming is a man with immense problems. Who is Ziggy Stardust, and who is Stephen Dedalus? Is it relevant to claim that there is more of David Bowie’s true personality inside Ziggy than of, for instance Charles Dickens’ great expectations within Pip? By examining Nick Hornby’s novel High Fidelity and it’s main character from a Freudian perspective using Freud’s theories and ideas of the oedipal concept, this is basically a plain attempt in search for a better psychological knowledge and understanding of the musical world of illusion, which finally ends up in a serious effort to interpret the true and inner meanings of Rob’s dreams and personality.</p>

“To be, or not to be” surely constitutes a strange walk on the tight rope between delusion and reality, and apparently, Robert Fleming is a man with immense problems. Who is Ziggy Stardust, and who is Stephen Dedalus? Is it relevant to claim that there is more of David Bowie’s true personality inside Ziggy than of, for instance Charles Dickens’ great expectations within Pip? By examining Nick Hornby’s novel High Fidelity and it’s main character from a Freudian perspective using Freud’s theories and ideas of the oedipal concept, this is basically a plain attempt in search for a better psychological knowledge and understanding of the musical world of illusion, which finally ends up in a serious effort to interpret the true and inner meanings of Rob’s dreams and personality.

Thesis (M.A.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2000. / Bibliography: leaves107-116.

This report argues that through his lived experiences of growing up in his hometown of Lowell, MA, and the joys and traumas he accrued from early childhood and into early adulthood, Jack Kerouac began to rewrite, reimagine, and reconstruction Lowell in several different works and iterations to attempt to address and exorcise the ghosts of his past. For my argument, I study several of Kerouac’s works: Visions of Gerard (1963), Doctor Sax: Faust Part Three (1959), Visions of Cody (1972), and Book of Dreams (1960). Pulling from the fields of Beat studies, literary criticism, childhood studies, psychology, geocriticism, and American cultural history, I attempt to highlight the translation and transformation of Lowell in Kerouac’s texts into a psycho-literary space. / text

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Magistro darbe aptariama Onės Baliukonės ir Nijolės Miliauskaitės poezija koncentruojantis į lyrinio subjekto mitinę sąmonę, jo sapnus, prisiminimus bei vizijas. Abi poetės, atstovaujančios viduriniajai poetų kartai (kurios centrą sudaro 1945–1955 metų gimimo poetai), savo kūryboje akcentuoja asmeninio patyrimo svarbą, o kultūrinė lyrinio subjekto patirtis skatina jo savivokos procesus. Darbe siekiama įrodyti, kad O. Baliukonės ir N. Miliauskaitės eilėraščio moters asmenybė formuojasi per mitinę moters sąmonę bei praeičiai besijungiant su dabartimi: vaikystė reflektuojama remiantis kadaise girdėtomis pasakomis bei legendomis, o lyrinis „aš“ nuolatos balansuoja tarp vaizduotės ir realybės, tarp sapno ir tikrovės, taip sujungdamas dvi egzistencines erdves. Sapnų ir mitų pasaulis bei lyrinio subjekto praeitis suvokiami kaip priešprieša chaotiškai dabarčiai. Negalėdama atsiriboti nuo realybės, eilėraščio moteris yra persekiojama beprasmybės ir vienatvės jausmo. Užuovėja atrandama kito glėbyje (prie kurio glaudžiamasi per sapnus) arba gamtoje, kurioje grįžtama į pirmapradę būtį. Gamtoje taip pat užmezgamas ryšis su anapusybe ir, transformuojant protėvių tikėjimą, gręžiamasi į pagonybę. Magistro darbe analizuojami ir tarpusavyje lyginami visi aptariamų autorių poezijos rinkiniai, nurodoma, kur poečių kūryba susijungia bei kur atsiskiria. O. Baliukonės ir N. Miliauskaitės poezija lyginama su kitų tos pačios kartos poečių (E. Juodvalkės, J. Vaičiūnaitės, T. Marcinkevičiūtės ir kt.)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This Master’s thesis discusses Onė Baliukonė’s and Nijolės Miliauskaitė’s poetry focusing on the dreams, memories and visions of the lyrical subject. Both poets, representing the middle generation of poets (the centre of which consists of the poets that were born within the period of 1945-1955), in their works, emphasize the importance of personal experience, and the cultural experience of the lyrical subject that drive her self-perception processes. The work aims to show that the personalities of the women of Baliukonė’s and Miliauskaitė’s poems are forming when the past merges together to the present: their childhood is reflected based on once-heard tales and legends, while the lyrical subject is constantly teetering between imagination and reality, between dream and reality, thus connecting the two existential spaces. The world of dreams and myths and the past of the lyrical subject are perceived as the opposite of the chaotic present. Being unable to make a distance between the reality and herself, the woman of the poem is persecuted by the feeling of meaninglessness and loneliness. The shelter is found in the arms of the other (to who is nestled when dreaming) or in nature, which serves as a conveyor to the primordial being. Nature helps to connect with the other side and, by transforming the ancient faith, the lyrical subject looks back to the paganism. The Master’s thesis analyses and compares with each other all the poets’ collections, indicating what unities and what... [to full text]

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