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近來國內網路社群逐漸普及，國內翻拍網路影音新聞已經成為電視新聞的重要素材來源。不少人宣稱Web2.0平台之後，使用者自創內容(user-generated content)得以擴大公民參與，但學界與實務界都有正反兩面的評價，本研究將從長期使用網路影音內容的台灣大學生，探查網路影音新聞可信度的影響因素為何？ 本研究採用紙本問卷調查，隨機抽樣國內十三所大專院校，有效樣本共達731份，研究結果顯示：（1）大學生主要獲知新聞訊息的管道為網路，公民影音素材對於電視新聞採用作為報導題材而言具其重要性，娛樂影音素材則衝擊新聞專業。（2）電視採用網路影音可信度及網路影音可信度皆獲得較低可信度評價，但在公民參與社會發展上有其意義。（3）大學生使用網路動機上愈偏離求知動機，且重視社交動機；愈注意電視採用網路影音作為素材的新聞，以及愈認同公民影音素材認知與娛樂影音素材認知會有傾向愈高的電視新聞採用網路影音專業可信度，另外，大學生使用網路動機上愈重視社交動機；越注意電視採用網路影音作為素材的新聞，以及愈認同公民影音素材認知與娛樂影音素材認知，會有傾向愈高的電視新聞採用網路影音參與可信度。（4）大學生使用網路動機上愈偏離求知動機；愈注意電視採用網路影音作為素材的新聞，以及愈認同娛樂影音素材認知會有傾向愈高的網路影音內容可信度，另外，大學生使用網路動機上愈偏向求知動機、社交動機與娛樂動機，以及愈認同公民影音素材、娛樂影音素材，會有傾向愈高的網路影音社會可信度。研究顯示網路影音可信度上雖然存疑，但對整體公民社會發展上，有其不容抹滅的意義。 / Social networks have been popular in Taiwan recently, and the online videos becomes the main source of TV news. An argument arises whether user-generated content can enhance civic participation after the appearance of Web 2.0 platform. Therefore, the purpose of thesis aims to examine the news credibility of Internet video news among Taiwanese college students who used to watch video content. The survey employed random sampling to collect 731 valid samples among 13 colleges. The important results of this thesis are listed as below: 1. Internet is the main outlet to gain news information for college students. Civic video is important theme of TV news, while entertainment video content has negative impact on journalism. 2. Both TV news which adapt Internet video and Internet video news have low credibility. 3a. College students who have lower information seeking motive and higher sociability motive for Internet use pay more attention on TV news which adapted Internet videos. 3b. College students who are more identified with civic videos and entertainment videos more likely think TV news which adapted videos have credibility. 3c. College students who have higher sociability motive for Internet use pay more attention on TV news which adapt online videos; 3d. College students who are more identified with civic videos and entertainment videos more likely think TV news which adapted videos have credibility. 4. College students who have less information seeking motives for Internet use pay more attention on TV news which adapt online videos, and college students who are more likely identified with entertainment news video have more credibility on Internet video news. In general, there are positive significant difference between online video credibility and the motives of information seeking, sociability, and entertainment. The results showed that although the credibility of online video is still in doubt, it still have positive devotions.

Esta pesquisa corresponde ao estudo de técnicas de hipermídia adaptativa (HA), visando melhorias nos meios para organização e disponibilização de conteúdo jornalístico online de acordo com o comportamento e interesse individual de um usuário em busca de notícias e informação. Do ponto de vista do design, a abordagem sobre o assunto corresponde, basicamente, à busca por métodos inteligentes de alimentação de uma interface gráfica com conteúdo noticioso, baseando-se em estudos do comportamento de navegação do usuário. A idéia é que as estatísticas matemáticas deste comportamento sejam traduzidas na exibição do conteúdo para atender de forma antecipada possíveis interesses do usuário. Concentrou-se como área de interesse focal, as matérias que serão incluídas na página principal e a forma de como serão distribuídas. Para isto foram criados alguns modelos de layout para a página principal. Estes modelos de layout possuem slots (espaços) onde as notícias são inseridas. Estes slots, por sua vez, estão distribuídos hierarquicamente de tal forma que os considerados mais importantes são aqueles com fotos e localizados nas melhores posições da página. A metodologia aqui criada foi aplicada como estudo na página principal do portal www.globo.com de conteúdo predominantemente noticioso e pertencente a um dos principais grupos de empresas de comunicação do Brasil. / This research concerns a methodology to organize the homepage of online news in order to adapt it according to the main interests of the users. The designers approach to this issue involves the usage of inteligent procedures based on the navigational behavior of the user and statistical analysis of such behaviour. Our main interest concerns the selection of the news to be inserted into this home page and how to distribute them. We deal with some templates for such first page. These templates have slots where news is inserted. These slots are hierarchically distributed in such a way that most important slots are those with photos and larger texts and are located in the best positions. These best slots are filled out with the most interesting news according to each users interests. This whole methodology has been applied to the journalistic site www.globo.com which belongs to a major Brazilian communication company.

Esta pesquisa corresponde ao estudo de técnicas de hipermídia adaptativa (HA), visando melhorias nos meios para organização e disponibilização de conteúdo jornalístico online de acordo com o comportamento e interesse individual de um usuário em busca de notícias e informação. Do ponto de vista do design, a abordagem sobre o assunto corresponde, basicamente, à busca por métodos inteligentes de alimentação de uma interface gráfica com conteúdo noticioso, baseando-se em estudos do comportamento de navegação do usuário. A idéia é que as estatísticas matemáticas deste comportamento sejam traduzidas na exibição do conteúdo para atender de forma antecipada possíveis interesses do usuário. Concentrou-se como área de interesse focal, as matérias que serão incluídas na página principal e a forma de como serão distribuídas. Para isto foram criados alguns modelos de layout para a página principal. Estes modelos de layout possuem slots (espaços) onde as notícias são inseridas. Estes slots, por sua vez, estão distribuídos hierarquicamente de tal forma que os considerados mais importantes são aqueles com fotos e localizados nas melhores posições da página. A metodologia aqui criada foi aplicada como estudo na página principal do portal www.globo.com de conteúdo predominantemente noticioso e pertencente a um dos principais grupos de empresas de comunicação do Brasil. / This research concerns a methodology to organize the homepage of online news in order to adapt it according to the main interests of the users. The designers approach to this issue involves the usage of inteligent procedures based on the navigational behavior of the user and statistical analysis of such behaviour. Our main interest concerns the selection of the news to be inserted into this home page and how to distribute them. We deal with some templates for such first page. These templates have slots where news is inserted. These slots are hierarchically distributed in such a way that most important slots are those with photos and larger texts and are located in the best positions. These best slots are filled out with the most interesting news according to each users interests. This whole methodology has been applied to the journalistic site www.globo.com which belongs to a major Brazilian communication company.

The diploma thesis deals with the way in which the three most read printed and three most read online media reported on coronavirus in the beginning of its spread in the Czech Republic. Specifically, it monitors whether and to what extent the media outputs from these media on the four selected events coincided with the outputs on these events issued by the Czech Press Office (ČTK) and at the same time whether these media adhered to the principles of objectivity. In the theoretical part, the author analyzes media routines, journalistic ethics and other concepts such as moral panic or self-fulfilling prophecy, with which she also works in the practical part of the theses. For the purposes of the research, the author chose a content analysis and defined four research questions, which she answers through the results of this analysis. In total, she analyzes 149 media outputs and 101 outputs of the Czech Press Office. The conclusions of this work prove that the media used ČTK as a source in only 15 % of cases. Online media referred to it more often. 56 % of the media outlets were similar to the ČTK outlets only in the main announcement. Furthermore, the conclusions show that the principles of objectivity were more often violated by the print media, specifically in 60 % of cases. Contrary, online media...

This thesis analyzes the way of presenting the catastrophe called Sandy in the Czech media. The motivation for choosing this topic was the ascertainment that the information about Sandy narrows only on the information about New York in spite of the fact, that this hurricane, sometimes called tropical storm or "superstorm" caused many injuries in the area of Cuba, Jamaica, the Bahamas and especially Haiti. The analysis is realized by force of critical discourse analysis of Norman Fairclough, because this method is appropriate especially for analysing mass media texts in the way of offering complex view from the level of social context, through the process of production to the language form of texts. Consequently, theoretical background comes from the methods and concepts of Norman Fairclough, from the definition of media discourse, which is oriented on new media, news and news values. The analysis is oriented on the most readable Czech online news and the on the news web pages of the Czech public service television and the Czech public service radio. The goal of this thesis is primarily the comparison between the way of reporting about the hurricane between the commercial and public service online news articles; revealing ideological and powerful aspects in the way of this reporting; and the...

The rise of social media platforms has had a significant impact on the conventional model of gatekeeping. With increased access to information--as well as the ability to contribute to the public discourse--individuals no longer need to rely on the mass media for news. These realities have led to increased conversations surrounding credibility in the digital age. Although not a new concept, fake news has become increasingly common in recent years. The web--particularly social media outlets, like Twitter--have enhanced the spread of misinformation. To combat this, social media platforms have introduced gatekeeping features like verification marks and warning labels. However, questions remain regarding the credibility and effectiveness of these features. Furthermore, little information exists regarding the perceptions of these features. For this study, the researcher examined the perceptions of fake news, verification, and Notices (i.e., warning labels) as they relate to Twitter. These perceptions were captured through a survey that was distributed to Twitter users through MTurk. Results were examined generally as well as in the light of political orientation, ranging from very liberal to very conservative on a 4-point scale. Within the scope and limitations of this study, results indicate that the majority of Twitter users believe that fake news on the platform is a major problem. Additionally, results show that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of verification and the effectiveness of Notices in slowing the spread of fake news, and neither feature is perceived as strongly credible or effective.

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How is the role of non-profit organizations constructed in the Czech online sphere? This diploma thesis tries to answer this question based on a content analysis of articles in the six most-read online newswebsites in the Czech Republic and users' discussions connected to them in 2015-2019. The theoretical basis of the work is the media construction of reality, which the author tries to apply in practice to the topic of the non-profit sector using the method of media framing. Qualitative content analysis in the research succeeded in revealing four main frameworks by which Czech online news views non-profit organizations. The four frameworks also emerged from the analysis of user discussions under the articles. The comparison of these findings provided the author with the opportunity to find out how the discussant brings diversity to the Czech non-profit sector's media representation. The thesis's conclusion is devoted to evaluating the most critical research findings, which the author incorporated into the context of existing academic research of media representation of non-profit organizations in the news. As non-profit organizations' role in society is mostly influenced by the public image, this work provides comprehensive information on the roles that Czech online news and its readers attribute...

This study was an investigation of the effect of political advertising on readers’ perceived bias and credibility of an online news article based on participants’ political leanings. Media priming and the hostile media effect were the theoretical underpinnings. Participants were asked to read an unbiased news article placed alongside 3 advertisements. Participants were put into 1 of 3 conditions — right-leaning advertisements, left-leaning advertisements, or neutral advertisements. They then answered questions about the perceived bias and credibility of the article and their own political affiliation. The researchers hypothesized that left-leaning individuals would perceive the article with right-leaning advertisements as biased and less credible and the opposite would be true of right-leaning individuals. Results were not consistent with hypotheses but trended in the expected directions.