Les changements paléoenvironnementaux se produisant pendant le Sarmatien dans la Paratéthys Centrale ont été reconstitués par l’étude des foraminifères (36 espèces) et des ostracodes (28 espèces) de deux forages, combinée à une analyse géochimique de leurs squelettes calcitiques, des coquilles aragonitiques de gastéropodes et des dents phosphatiques de rongeurs.La composition de la microfaune indique que la connexion entre la Paratéthys et la Méditerranée est interrompue ou réduite à la base du Sarmatien mais qu’un bras de mer persiste entre Paratéthys Centrale et Paratéthys Orientale jusqu’à la fin du Sarmatien. Le Sarmatien inférieur est caractérisé par des eaux saumâtres peu profondes (maximum 80 m), bien ventilées, des températures stables (~ 15°C), un riche couvert végétal (algues et/ou phanérogames) et des efflorescences phytoplanctoniques périodiques. Un événement transgressif y est observé (TST de 3ème ordre; TB 2.6 du cycle global). Les changements faunistiques qui se produisent à la limite entre Sarmatien inférieur et moyen sont expliqués par un évènement de type HST accompagné de conditions dysoxiques. A la fin du Sarmatien moyen, une baisse du niveau marin relatif d’environ 50 m se produit et des eaux tempérées chaudes, plus saumâtres (17-23‰) et bien ventilées se mettent en place. Après un court épisode régressif, une connexion est rétablie entre la Paratéthys et la Méditerranée au début du Sarmatien supérieur. Des eaux chaudes (15-21° C), bien ventilées, correspondant à des lagunes marines et des marécages avec de fortes variations de la salinité (15-43 ‰) s’installent alors avant un isolement ultime de la Paratéthys qui se produit à la fin du Sarmatien. / Palaeoenvironmental changes in the Sarmatian Central Paratethys were reconstructed by studying foraminifers (36 species) and ostracods (28 species) from two boreholes coupled with geochemical analyses of their calcite skeletons and of aragonite gastropod shells and phosphate rodent teeth.The composition of the microfauna suggests that the connection between the Central Paratethys and the Mediterranean was interrupted or limited at the base of the Sarmatian, but that a seaway between the Eastern and Central Paratethys existed until the end of the Sarmatian. The early Sarmatian is characterized by brackish littoral seawater (maximum 80 m), well ventilated, stable temperatures (~ 15°C), with rich algae and/or seagrass vegetation and periodic phytoplankton blooms. A transgressive event can be observed as part of a 3rd order transgressive systems tract (TST) corresponding roughly to the TB 2.6 global cycle. The faunal changes occurring at the boundary between the lower and the middle Sarmatian can be explained by a sea-level highstand with dysoxic conditions. A relative sea-level fall with a maximum depth of about 50 m, and well ventilated, warm temperate and more brackish (17-23‰) conditions is documented at the end of the middle Sarmatian. After a short regressive event, a marine connection between the Paratethys and the Mediterranean was established at the beginning of the upper Sarmatian. Warm (15-21°C), well-ventilated, corresponding to marine shallow lagoon and marsh environments with high fluctuations in salinity (15-43 ‰) then prevailed before a final isolation of the Central Paratethys that occurred at the end of the Sarmatian.

Submitted by Vanessa Nunes (vnunes@unisinos.br) on 2015-03-21T13:53:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DaianeCeolin.pdf: 3969335 bytes, checksum: 5d7bd449fc1307161fd904deef944280 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-21T13:53:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaianeCeolin.pdf: 3969335 bytes, checksum: 5d7bd449fc1307161fd904deef944280 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / O presente trabalho consiste no estudo taxonômico dos ostracodes marinhos da bacia de Pelotas e os respectivos aspectos paleoecológicos da assembléia no intervalo Cretáceo e Cretáceo – Paleógeno Inferior. Foram analisadas 479 amostras de calha, provenientes dos cinco poços 1-RSS-2, 1-RSS-3, 2-RSS-1, 1-SCS-3B e 1-SCS-2. A fauna registrada totalizou 98 espécimes, distribuídos em nove famílias, 21 gêneros, 34 espécies. Dois gêneros e duas espécies foram mantidos como táxons indeterminados. As espécies identificadas foram: Cytherella cf. C. araucana Bertels, 1974; Cytherelloidea spirocostata Bertels, 1973; Bairdoppilata triangulata Edwards, 1944; Actinocythereis indígena Bertels, 1969; Brachycythere gr. sapucariensis Krömmelbein, 1964; Wichmannella araucana Bertels, 1969 e Wichmannella meridionalis Bertels, 1969. Os gêneros mais diversificados foram Cytherella e Paracypris com sete e quatro espécies, respectivamente. O intervalo Turoniano foi o mais abundante, com a significativa presença dos gêneros Brachycythere e Cytherella . A família mais abundante foi a Trachyleberididae, com oito gêneros e 12 espécies, seguida da família Cytherellidae com dois gêneros e oito espécies. A passagem do limite Cretáceo – Paleógeno Inferior (K– Pg) na bacia de Pelotas foi marcada por uma mudança faunística com o desaparecimento dos gêneros, therelloidea, Argilloecia, Cythereis, Brachycythere, Pondoina e Rostrocytheridea, e o aparecimento de Neonesidea, Bairdoppilata, Ambocythere, Buntonia, Langiella?, Trachyleberis e Krithe . A associação dos ostracodes cretácicos na bacia de Pelotas sugere um ambiente marinho nerítico com águas quentes. / The taxonomic study of marine ostracods from Pelotas Basin and the respectives paleoecological assemblages aspects in the Cretaceous and Cretaceous – Lower Paleogene interval were studied. 479 cutting samples from wells 1-RSS-2, 1-RSS-3, 2-RSS-1, 1-SCS-3B e 1-SCS-2 were analized. 98 specimes belonging to 9 families, 21 genera and 34 species. 2 genera and 2 species were supported as undetermined taxon. The species identified were: Cytherella cf. C. araucana Bertels, 1974; Cytherelloidea spirocostata Bertels, 1973; Bairdoppilata triangulata Edwards, 1944; Actinocythereis indígena Bertels, 1969; Brachycythere gr. sapucariensis Krömmelbein, 1964; ichmannella araucana Bertels, 1969 and Wichmannella meridionalis Bertels, 1969. The most diversified genera were Cytherella and Paracypris with 7 and 4 species, respectively. The Turonian was the most ostracodes-rich interval with significant presence of the genera Brachycythere and Cytherella. The most abundant families were Trachyleberididae and Cyther ellidae with 2 genera and 8 species. The K – Pg boundary in the Pelotas basin is marked by a faunal change which disappearance the genera Cytherelloidea, Argilloecia, Cythereis, Brachycythere, Pondoina and Rostrocytheridea, and the first occurrence of Neonesidea, Bairdoppilata, Ambocythere Buntonia, Langiella?, Trachyleberis and Krithe. The Cretaceous ostracods association in Pelotas Basin sugest a neritic marin e environment with warm water temperatures.

Estudos recentes têm demonstrado significativas variações na composição da fauna de ostracodes batiais decorrentes de mudanças climáticas. Visando verificar como esses eventos afetaram a ostracofauna batial da bacia de Campos foram analisadas 15 amostras provenientes de um testemunho a pistão recuperado a 1.287 m de lâmina de água. Espécies alóctones e autóctones foram identificadas sendo apenas as últimas estudadas. A idade das amostras foi obtida com base na análise de isótopos estáveis de oxigênio em testas do foraminífero planctônico Globigerinoides ruber, e os resultados comparados com dados do SPECMAP (Spectral Mapping Project). Foram identificadas 50 espécies autóctones distribuídas em 26 gêneros e 17 famílias. Os gêneros Krithe e Cytheropteron foram os mais diversificados (sete e cinco espécies, respectivamente). A família mais diversificada foi Cytheruridae, corroborando outros estudos paleoceanográficos. Foi estabelecida a idade de 42 ka para a base e 200 anos para o topo do testemunho. A análise de agrupamento por similaridade de Jaccard dividiu as amostras em dois grupos separados na amostra 12 (17,3 ka), no limite Holoceno-Último Máximo Glacial. A diversidade oscilou significativamente entre períodos glaciais e interglaciais, sendo menor no primeiro (3,0 nats/ind-1) e maior no último (3,4 nat/ind-1). Foi observado o predomínio de Argilloecia e Cytheropteron durante a deglaciação, Saida no interglacial, Apatihowella no UMG, Krithe no glacial e Macropyxis durante o UMG e glacial. Xestoleberis, por sua vez, ocorreu com diversidade relativamente constante ao longo de todo o testemunho. A distância taxonômica entre as espécies que ocorrem no glacial e interglacial se mostrou dentro dos limites esperados, com pequena proximidade entre os limites superiores e inferiores, respectivamente. A fauna de ostracodes da Bacia de Campos respondeu às variações climáticas ocorridas no Quaternário, o que reforça seu grande potencial como indicadora de mudanças paleoceanográficas. / Present studies have demonstrated significative changes in the composition of bathyal ostracode fauna caused by climatic events. With the objective of assess the influence of these events on the bathyal ostracodes from Campos Basin, 15 samples from a piston core taken at 1,287 m water depth were studied. Both allochthonous and autochthonous species were identified, however, only the latter were analyzed. The age of the samples was determined based on oxygen stable isotope data from tests of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber and compared to SPECMAP (Spectral Mapping Project) ones. Fifty autochthonous species belonging to 26 genera and 17 families were identified. The genera Krithe and Cytheropteron were the more diversified (seven and five species, respectively), while Cytheruridae was the most diversified family, supporting other paleoceanographic studies. The core bottom was dated as 42 ka, and the top 200 years. The Jaccard similarity grouping analysis shared the samples into two groups being the sample 12 (17.3 ka) the limit between them, which corresponds to the Holocene-Last Glacial Maximum transition. The diversity varied significantly between glacial and interglacial periods, being lower in the former (3.0 nats/ind-1) and higher in the latter (3.4 nat/ind-1). The predominance of Argilloecia and Cytheropteron during the deglacial, Saida during the interglacial, Apatihowella during LGM, Krithe on glacial, and Macropyxis during the glacial and LMG was recorded. Xestoleberis was registered with steady diversity values along the core. The taxonomic distances between the species in the glacial and interglacial presented ordinary values, with small distance between the upper and lower limits, respectively. The ostracode faunas from Campos Basin responded to the Quaternary climatic events, reinforcing the use of deep-sea ostracodes changes as a paleoceanographic proxy.

Le thème principal de ce travail de thèse se rapporte à l'étude micropaléontologique et sédimentologique des dépôts émersifs de la plate-forme jurassienne (S.-E. de la France et Suisse occidentale) entre le Jurassique moyen et le Crétacé inférieur (faciès purbeckiens et wealdiens). Grâce aux données complémentaires de coupes sélectionnées dans le N.-E. de l'Espagne (Maestrazgo) et le S.-E. de la France (Basse-Provence), une biozonation continentale principalement basée sur les Charophytes et un nouveau schéma phylogénétique des Clavatoracées (Charophytes) sont établis pour le Jurassique supérieur - Crétacé de l'Europe occidentale. D'autre part, le polymorphisme des gyrogonites des Porocharacées et des Characées (Charophytes) est mis en évidence avec une révision taxonomique. D'après une comparaison entre les données fossiles du Jurassique-Crétacé avec le matériel récolté dans des environnements similaires de l'Actuel, ce polymorphisme résulte des variations de certains paramètres écologiques (salinité, pH, luminosité, température) influençant la croissance des thalles et des fructifications des Charophytes. L'analyse micropaléontologique et sédimentologique des dépôts émersifs mésozoïques de la plate-forme jurassienne permet en outre de déceler l'activité d'une tectonique synsédimentaire d'origine tardi-hercynienne au Crétacé inférieur (phase néocimmérienne) et de reconnaître un climat subtropical à alternances saisonnières de périodes sèches et humides dans l'intervalle Jurassique moyen - Crétacé inférieur. La présence très particulière dans le Jura de rares restes de Dinosauriens (Allosaurus) et de certaines Characées (Aclistochara bransoni) autorise également à postuler durant le Jurassique supérieur et le Crétacé basal des échanges biologiques entre la marge nord-téthysienne (Eurasie) et l'Amérique du Nord. Plus précisément, d'autres éléments de corrélation (Ostracodes, Charophytes, Dinokystes, Ammonites) originaires respectivement des domaines téthysien ou boréal démontrent la réalité de connexions avec la plate-forme jurassienne au Crétacé basal (Berriasien-Valanginien / Volgien-Ryazanien). Dans ses conclusions, ce travail présente une interprétation séquentielle des dépôts margino-littoraux du Jurassique-Crétacé de la plate-forme jurassienne et évalue l'influence des cycles climatiques glacio-eustatiques ou de la dérive des continents dans la mise en place des faciès d'émersion laguno-lacustres sur les marges continentales et les aires cratoniques. Enfin, la lignée phylogénétique des Hemiglobator-Globator (Clavatoracées, Charophytes) est prise comme exemple significatif pour une réflexion sur la théorie néo-darwiniste de l'Evolution et le créationnisme, apparemment contradictoires mais en fait complémentaires.

Comme tous les organismes marins, les ostracodes subissent un changement drastique au cours de l'extinction en masse de la fin du Permien. En Chine du Sud, le Permien supérieur affleure largement. Des études précédentes ont été conduites sur la taxonomie, la biostratigraphie et le paléoenvironnement des ostracodes néritiques du Permien supérieur. C'est ici la première étude sur les ostracodes profonds du Permien supérieur de Chine et la première dans le monde sur le Permien terminal. A ce jour, les seules données disponibles sur les ostracodes profonds du Permien proviennent du Permien inférieur d'Indonésie et du Permien moyen - Wuchiapingien d'Italie. Dans cette thèse, quatre coupes de séries profondes de Chine du Sud (Bassin du Hunan-Guizhou-Guangxi et Bassin du Yangste inférieur) sont étudiées en détail pour la taxonomie, le paléoenvironnement (paléobathymétrie et niveau de paléo-oxygénation) et les processus "d'extinction". La taxonomie des ostracodes est le travail de base. Une faune diversifiée est représentée par 43 genres et 128 espèces. Deux nouvelles espèces Bairdia dongpanensis et Spinomicrocheilinella anterocompressa ont été décrites. Un nouveau genre Denticupachydomella n.gen. et deux nouvelles espèces Pseudobythocypris guiqianensis n.sp. et Denticupachydomella spinosa n.sp. sont proposés. Beaucoup de spécimens ont une conservation médiocre et ne présentent pas suffisamment de caractères pour une identification précise. Les spécimens déterminés appartiennent aux Palaeocopida, Podocopida et Myodocopida. Les espèces typiquement Paléozoïque dominent la faune et sont accompagnées de quelques formes à affinité mésozoïque (i.e. Abrobairdia, Lobobairdia). 19 espèces ont été rattachées à du matériel précédemment décrit du Dévonien supérieur au Permien supérieur d'Amérique du Nord, d'Europe et d'Asie du Sud-Est. La faune étudiée a un taux d'endémisme de 85.2%. La paléobathymétrie est analysée à partir du modèle de Lethiers & Raymond (1991) qui utilise les proportions d'ostracodes psychrosphériques/Bairdiidea/autres espèces néritiques. 38 espèces sont considérées comme psychrosphériques. Elles appartiennent aux Bairdiidae épineux, Bythocytheridae, Tricorninidae, Berounellinidae, Rectonariidae, Pachydomellidae, Healdiidae, Quasillitidae, Polycopidae, Discoidella et deux espèces indetminées de podocopid. La coupe de Dongpan est la plus profonde et présente des variations de bathymétrie depuis la plate-forme externe jusqu'au milieu bathyal. Ces interprétations sont bien en adéquation avec les résultats d'autres analyses (radiolaires, sédimentologie, minéralogie et géochimie). Quelques événements locaux (courants de turbidité) peuvent perturber le signal. Pour l'évaluation de la teneur en oxygène, le modèle FF% (pourcentage d'ostracodes filtreurs) de Lethiers & Whatley (1994) est appliqué pour la première fois à des faunes profondes. Un seul horizon dans la coupe de Dongpan présente un niveau d'oxygénation proche de la dysoxie. En milieu néritique, un intervalle de transition, avec des faunes typiquement paléozoïques et des nouveaux venus mésozoïques a récemment été mis en évidence. Il semble que ce phénomène soit observable également en milieu profond. Il ne semble pas y avoir de phénomène de miniaturisation chez les ostracodes profonds à l'approche de la limite Permien-Trias. Dans la coupe groupée Liuqiao-Dongpan, deux horizons d'extinction sont mis en évidence. Le premier horizon correspond à la crise majeure chez les radiolaires, à la régression, à une activité volcanique intense et peut-être un niveau disoxique. Ces niveau d'extinction sont corrélés avec le GSSP de la limite Permien-Trias à Meishan. Il semblerait que les événements d'extinction soient plus précoces en milieu profond qu'en milieu néritique.

Stable isotope values of ostracod calcite provide a record of variation in ¥ä18O(H2O) values and water temperature from the late glacial to mid-Holocene in Western Ireland. Lough Monreagh, located in County Clare, Western Ireland, contains marl sediment that includes pristine ostracod calcite whose ¥ä18O and ¥ä13C values were evaluated. These values were used relative to modern ecological requirements to derive a paleoenvironmental record for Lough Monreagh that includes water temperature, eutrophication, water depth, as well as terrestrial vegetation and weathering within the lake¡¯s watershed. ¥ä13C values of ostracod calcite presented herein suggest a significant increase in terrestrial vegetation beginning during the Aller©ªd (13,600 cal year B.P.) and extending through to the mid-Holocene (6,997 cal year B.P.). Marl and ostracod ¥ä18O values record variability in temperature and precipitation ¥ä18O(H2O) values that are in turn forced by variation in atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Water temperatures presented herein were calculated from ¥ä18O values of ostracod calcite and marl, constrained by temperature preference and tolerance ranges of ostracod species, yielding the highest resolution temperature record covering this period to date. Over 4,700 ostracods representing all three freshwater superfamilies were counted and identified to evaluate the trophic stage of the lake. The lake was characterized as a clear-, cold-water (~8¨¬C summer water temperature), low-nutrient environment during the Aller©ªd, then freezes abruptly during the Younger Dryas as evidenced by black clay deposits aged 12,800 to 11,300 cal yr B.P. Following the Younger Dryas, transitional warming and increasing terrestrial vegetation are evidenced by decreasing ¥ä13C values of ostracoda and faunal transition to phytophyllic species. Summer water temperatures warm to >16¨¬C, with ostracod species suggesting a shallow-water, fen- and macrophyte-rich environment with abundant plant life in and around the lake by ~8,000 cal yr B.P.

Stable isotope values of ostracod calcite provide a record of variation in ¥ä18O(H2O) values and water temperature from the late glacial to mid-Holocene in Western Ireland. Lough Monreagh, located in County Clare, Western Ireland, contains marl sediment that includes pristine ostracod calcite whose ¥ä18O and ¥ä13C values were evaluated. These values were used relative to modern ecological requirements to derive a paleoenvironmental record for Lough Monreagh that includes water temperature, eutrophication, water depth, as well as terrestrial vegetation and weathering within the lake¡¯s watershed. ¥ä13C values of ostracod calcite presented herein suggest a significant increase in terrestrial vegetation beginning during the Aller©ªd (13,600 cal year B.P.) and extending through to the mid-Holocene (6,997 cal year B.P.). Marl and ostracod ¥ä18O values record variability in temperature and precipitation ¥ä18O(H2O) values that are in turn forced by variation in atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Water temperatures presented herein were calculated from ¥ä18O values of ostracod calcite and marl, constrained by temperature preference and tolerance ranges of ostracod species, yielding the highest resolution temperature record covering this period to date. Over 4,700 ostracods representing all three freshwater superfamilies were counted and identified to evaluate the trophic stage of the lake. The lake was characterized as a clear-, cold-water (~8¨¬C summer water temperature), low-nutrient environment during the Aller©ªd, then freezes abruptly during the Younger Dryas as evidenced by black clay deposits aged 12,800 to 11,300 cal yr B.P. Following the Younger Dryas, transitional warming and increasing terrestrial vegetation are evidenced by decreasing ¥ä13C values of ostracoda and faunal transition to phytophyllic species. Summer water temperatures warm to >16¨¬C, with ostracod species suggesting a shallow-water, fen- and macrophyte-rich environment with abundant plant life in and around the lake by ~8,000 cal yr B.P.

Tufa and lacustrine deposits are useful paleoclimate archives in reconstructing the early to middle Holocene climate and paleohydrology of southern Yemen's Wadi Idim and Wadi Sana, which are north-flowing tributaries to Wadi Hadramawt. Numerical age estimates and oxygen-isotopes are used to assess the onset and cessation of tufa formation and reconstruct the environment of lacustrine sediment deposition in the region in order to understand the broader early to middle Holocene hydrologic system.Numerical age estimates from the studied wadis show a correspondence between early to mid-Holocene humid-phase sediment deposition and the northward shift of the ITCZ, as documented in paleoclimate records from other East Africa -- Arabia -- India continental and marine sediments. The interval between ca. 10-5 ka B.P. corresponds to a period of greater availability of moisture from the Arabian Sea region. Increases in precipitation allowed for a lake and wetland systems to develop, and increased spring discharge contributed to the formation of the tufa. Within the lacustrine sediments are ostracodes, mollusks, and flora casts that are found in a much wetter climate compared to today's hyper-arid environment. This early to mid-Holocene humid phase corresponds with a more northerly positioned ITCZ, which shifted south to its present day position around 5,000 yr B.P.Oxygen isotope measurements from ostracods show a range of isotope values from ~ -4.0%â?? at approximately 10 ka B.P. to ~ -6.0%â?? at approximately 5 ka B.P. Theses values represent the early to middle Holocene pluvial phase. Changes in the oxygen isotopic signature represent a change in evaporation or a possible change in source.The early to middle Hol ocene humid phase also corresponds with periods of agricultural activity, which are being investigated by the archaeological team of the Roots of Agriculture in Southern Arabia Project (RASA). Research into the effects of climate change on human activities, specifically agricultural processes, is the focus of RASA. Southern Arabia offers not only a convergence of three major agricultural regions, but also preserves a sedimentary record of the climate shift that affected the region during the period of study.

Estudos recentes têm demonstrado significativas variações na composição da fauna de ostracodes batiais decorrentes de mudanças climáticas. Visando verificar como esses eventos afetaram a ostracofauna batial da bacia de Campos foram analisadas 15 amostras provenientes de um testemunho a pistão recuperado a 1.287 m de lâmina de água. Espécies alóctones e autóctones foram identificadas sendo apenas as últimas estudadas. A idade das amostras foi obtida com base na análise de isótopos estáveis de oxigênio em testas do foraminífero planctônico Globigerinoides ruber, e os resultados comparados com dados do SPECMAP (Spectral Mapping Project). Foram identificadas 50 espécies autóctones distribuídas em 26 gêneros e 17 famílias. Os gêneros Krithe e Cytheropteron foram os mais diversificados (sete e cinco espécies, respectivamente). A família mais diversificada foi Cytheruridae, corroborando outros estudos paleoceanográficos. Foi estabelecida a idade de 42 ka para a base e 200 anos para o topo do testemunho. A análise de agrupamento por similaridade de Jaccard dividiu as amostras em dois grupos separados na amostra 12 (17,3 ka), no limite Holoceno-Último Máximo Glacial. A diversidade oscilou significativamente entre períodos glaciais e interglaciais, sendo menor no primeiro (3,0 nats/ind-1) e maior no último (3,4 nat/ind-1). Foi observado o predomínio de Argilloecia e Cytheropteron durante a deglaciação, Saida no interglacial, Apatihowella no UMG, Krithe no glacial e Macropyxis durante o UMG e glacial. Xestoleberis, por sua vez, ocorreu com diversidade relativamente constante ao longo de todo o testemunho. A distância taxonômica entre as espécies que ocorrem no glacial e interglacial se mostrou dentro dos limites esperados, com pequena proximidade entre os limites superiores e inferiores, respectivamente. A fauna de ostracodes da Bacia de Campos respondeu às variações climáticas ocorridas no Quaternário, o que reforça seu grande potencial como indicadora de mudanças paleoceanográficas. / Present studies have demonstrated significative changes in the composition of bathyal ostracode fauna caused by climatic events. With the objective of assess the influence of these events on the bathyal ostracodes from Campos Basin, 15 samples from a piston core taken at 1,287 m water depth were studied. Both allochthonous and autochthonous species were identified, however, only the latter were analyzed. The age of the samples was determined based on oxygen stable isotope data from tests of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber and compared to SPECMAP (Spectral Mapping Project) ones. Fifty autochthonous species belonging to 26 genera and 17 families were identified. The genera Krithe and Cytheropteron were the more diversified (seven and five species, respectively), while Cytheruridae was the most diversified family, supporting other paleoceanographic studies. The core bottom was dated as 42 ka, and the top 200 years. The Jaccard similarity grouping analysis shared the samples into two groups being the sample 12 (17.3 ka) the limit between them, which corresponds to the Holocene-Last Glacial Maximum transition. The diversity varied significantly between glacial and interglacial periods, being lower in the former (3.0 nats/ind-1) and higher in the latter (3.4 nat/ind-1). The predominance of Argilloecia and Cytheropteron during the deglacial, Saida during the interglacial, Apatihowella during LGM, Krithe on glacial, and Macropyxis during the glacial and LMG was recorded. Xestoleberis was registered with steady diversity values along the core. The taxonomic distances between the species in the glacial and interglacial presented ordinary values, with small distance between the upper and lower limits, respectively. The ostracode faunas from Campos Basin responded to the Quaternary climatic events, reinforcing the use of deep-sea ostracodes changes as a paleoceanographic proxy.

Submitted by Everaldo Pereira (pereira.evera@gmail.com) on 2017-02-21T00:51:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Grace Batista Carneiro Mascarenhas 2015.pdf: 7607433 bytes, checksum: 5d6187f30a5bd94d34d94cc17ee8c5fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T00:51:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Grace Batista Carneiro Mascarenhas 2015.pdf: 7607433 bytes, checksum: 5d6187f30a5bd94d34d94cc17ee8c5fa (MD5) / Este estudo refere-se ao registro de foraminíferos e ostracodes em amostras de afloramentos da Formação Algodões, Cretáceo Superior da Bacia de Camamu, Bahia. A Formação Algodões subdivide-se nos membros Germânia (calcarenitos e calciruditos oolíticos/oncolíticos) e Quiepe (calcilutito). As áreas de coleta de amostras foram a Ilha de Boipeba (praias de Boipeba e Tassimirim) e a Baía de Camamu (praias de Barra Grande e Taipús de Fora; e as ilhas de Quiepe e Cangaíba). Todo o material foi submetido a três técnicas de laboratório aplicadas à extração de microfósseis, principalmente em rochas calcárias: (1) confecção de lâmina delgada, (2) método de acetólise e (3) desagregação utilizando Peróxido de Hidrogênio. No total foram recuperados 128 espécimes de foraminíferos e 137 espécimes de ostracodes em afloramentos da Ilha de Quiepe, Formação Algodões, Membro Quiepe. Dentre os foraminíferos, 65 espécimes são planctônicos pertencentes aos táxons: Whiteinella ex gr. aprica, Whiteinella ex gr. archaeocretacea, Whiteinella cf. baltica, Whiteinella sp. 1, Hedbergella sp. 1. Os foraminíferos bentônicos foram tentativamente atribuídos às famílias Bolivinidae?/Fursenkoinidae?, Textulariidae? e Spiroplectamminidae?. A idade turoniana para essas rochas calcárias é indicada pela presença dos gêneros de amonoides Mammites, Kamerunoceras, Romaniceras e Neoptychites, registrados em estudo anteriores nos mesmos níveis analisados neste trabalho, corroborada pelas espécies de foraminíferos planctônicos Whiteinella ex gr. aprica e W. ex gr. archaeocretacea identificadas no intervalo estudado. Foram identificados também seis táxons de ostracodes: Brachycythere ex gr. sapucariensis, Brachycythere sp. 1, Brachycythere sp. 2, Matronella? sp. 1, Matronella? sp. 2, Trachyleberididae gen. et sp. indeterminada 1, todos pertencentes à família Trachyleberididae. A espécie B. ex gr. sapucariensis possui grande importância paleobiogeográfica, especialmente no reconhecimento da similaridade faunística entre a América do Sul e a África e na proposição de bioprovíncias no Cretáceo Superior. / ABSTRACT - This study refers to the record of foraminifera and ostracods in outcrop samples from Algodões Formation, Camamu Basin. The Algodões Formation is divided in Germania Member (constituted by of calcarenite and oolitic/oncolytic calcirudites) and Quiepe Member (constituted by calcilutite). The areas of sampling were Boipeba (Boipeba and Tassimirm beaches) and the Camamu Bay (Barra Grande and Taipus de Fora beaches, and the Quiepe and Cangaíba islands). All material was subjected to three laboratory techniques applied to microfossils extraction, mainly for calcareous rocks: (1) preparation of thin sections (2) acetolysis method and (3) disaggregation using hydrogen peroxide. A total of 128 specimens were recovered from foraminifera and 137 specimens of ostracods in outcrops of Quiepe Island samples from Algodões Formation, Member Quiepe. Among the foraminifera, 65 species are planktonic taxa belonging to: Whiteinella ex gr. aprica, Whiteinella ex gr. archaeocretacea, Whiteinella cf. baltica, Whiteinella sp. 1, Hedbergella sp. 1. The benthic foraminifera were tentatively assigned to families Bolivinidae?/Fursenkoinidae?, Textulariidae? and Spiroplectamminidae?. The Turonian age for these limestone is indicated by the presence of genera of amonoides Mammites, Kamerunoceras, Romaniceras and Neoptychites, previously registered, in the same levels analyzed in this work, corroborated by species of planktonic foraminifera Whiteinella ex gr. aprica and W. ex gr. archaeocretacea identified in the range studied. They were also identified six taxa of ostracods: Brachycythere ex gr. sapucariensis, Brachycythere sp. 1, Brachycythere sp. 2, Matronella? sp. 1, Matronella? sp. 2 and, Trachyleberididae gen et sp. indeterminate 1, all belonging to the Trachyleberididae family. The species B. ex gr. sapucariensis has great paleobiogeographic importance, especially in the recognition of faunal similarities between South America and Africa and bioprovinces proposition in the Upper Cretaceous.