Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-07T12:52:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Carlos Henrique Rocha Gon?alves.pdf: 2447515 bytes, checksum: bcb566dd037e0d15e3e3ab74112d585e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T12:52:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Carlos Henrique Rocha Gon?alves.pdf: 2447515 bytes, checksum: bcb566dd037e0d15e3e3ab74112d585e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This work aimed to realize oxidative reactions using ozone in aqueous middle to simulate the aging aspect in Corymbia citriodora K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson wood samples. Ozone that is a very reactive gas, was produced by the ozonizer by the corona effect. In order to evaluate the transformations occurred in the samples submitted to the treatment in different times and pHs (neutral, basic and acid) those samples were analyzed by various tests (color mensuration in the CIELAB colorimetric space; contact angle between water and wood by the goniometer; XPS spectroscopy and Pyrolysis ? GC/MS). The samples were obtained from a Corymbia citriodora tree log harvested in the UFRRJ campus in Serop?dica. Those samples were treated mechanically in order to adequate it to the analysis with 10 x 20 x 2 mm dimensions. It was observed that the 6h acid was the one that presented the best natural aging appearance. All the tests done have shown that the wood components had different behaviors in each treatment, especially when we talk about lignin and its G/S (Guaiacyl:Siringyl). The results have shown that the reactions were well succeed, revealing that the ozone had reacted in the majority of the samples, with the lignin, affecting the G/S ratio for all the treatments. XPS data showed the level of oxidation, for example, in the neutral treatment, showing ozone oxidative effect. In this way, the G/S ratio revealed that the ozone attack have occurred, first with the lignins that have predominantly the guaiacyl units, assuming that the reaction affected mainly the cellular region with high guaiacyl units content. It was also detected in the acid treatment, that the ozone as well reached the extractives group, especially the decanoic acids. All the experimentations were sufficient to discolor and give aging appearance to the wood, as the color changing shown by the color tests with the spectrophotometer. The contact angle has proved that the samples in order absorb more water, becoming more hydrophilic, when related to the L:C ratio (lignin:carbohydrate). / Esse trabalho teve por objetivo realizar rea??es oxidativas utilizando oz?nio em meio aquoso para simular o aspecto de envelhecimento em madeiras de Corymbia citriodora K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson. O oz?nio que ? um g?s extremamente reativo foi produzido pelo ozonizador atrav?s da descarga corona. Para avaliar as modifica??es ocorridas nas amostras ap?s serem submetidas ?s rea??es de ozon?lise em diferentes tempos e pHs (neutro, b?sico e ?cido), essas amostras foram posteriormente submetidas a v?rios testes (mensura??o da cor no espa?o colorim?trico CIELAB; do ?ngulo de contato entre a ?gua e a madeira atrav?s do goni?metro; espectroscopia XPS (Espectroscopia Fotoeletr?nica de Raios-X) e pir?lise ? CG/EM (pir?lise analisada por cromatografia gasosa, acoplada ? um detector de massa)). As amostras foram obtidas de tora de madeira de um esp?cime da esp?cie Corymbia citriodora obtida no campus da UFRRJ em Serop?dica. Essas amostras foram tratadas mecanicamente de maneira a adequ?-la para an?lise, ficando com dimens?o de 10 x 20 x 2 mm. Foi constatado que as amostras do tratamento ?cido durante 6h foram as que ficaram com a apar?ncia mais pr?xima de uma madeira naturalmente envelhecida. Os diversos testes feitos mostraram que os componentes da madeira se comportaram de forma diferente em cada um dos tratamentos especialmente no que tange ? lignina na sua raz?o G/S da mesma. Os resultados mostraram que a rea??es foram bem sucedidas, revelando que o oz?nio reagiu na grande maioria das amostras com a lignina afetando a raz?o G/S para todos os tratamentos. Dados do XPS mostram os n?veis de oxida??o por exemplo dos tratamentos neutros, mostrando o efeito oxidativo do oz?nio. Neste sentido, a raz?o Guacila/Siringila revelou que o ataque do oz?nio aconteceu primeiramente com as ligninas que predominam unidades guaiacila, pressupondo que a rea??o afetou direcionadamente a regi?o da parede celular com mais alto teor de unidade Guaiac?la. Foi tamb?m detectado no tratamento ?cido que o oz?nio atingiu tamb?m o grupo dos extrativos especialmente os ?cidos decan?icos. Todos os experimentos foram suficientes para descolorir e dar apar?ncia de madeira envelhecida, como mudan?as de cor mostradas pelos testes de cor com espectrofot?metro. O ?ngulo de contato mostrou que as amostras em ordem absorvem mais ?gua, tornando-as mais hidrof?lica, quando correlacionada ? raz?o C:L (Carboidratos:Lignina).

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-03-28T19:08:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Yuri Duarte Porto.pdf: 1910618 bytes, checksum: 969c177c9241195f2d92cb156f231abb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-28T19:08:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Yuri Duarte Porto.pdf: 1910618 bytes, checksum: 969c177c9241195f2d92cb156f231abb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-06 / CAPES / Corn is one of the most cultivated cereals in Brazil and it is susceptible to contamination by mycotoxins that are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi. An adoption of quality management systems during a corn production chain is essential to ensure food safety concerning mycotoxin contamination. However, there is a possibility that these recognized carcinogenic metabolites may already be found in the matrix. Hence the search for alternative solutions capable of reducing contamination to safe levels by the application of emerging technologies has been intense. The methods of decontamination of foods must to obey some premises as: inactivate, destroy or remove the toxins; do not produce others toxic waste; maintain the nutritional value and acceptability of the product. Ozone, which meets almost all of these characteristics, is recognized by the Food and Drug Administration as a GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) product for use as a sanitizer in food processing. Since then its use has been investigated in several types of food, including cereals contaminated by mycotoxins. Corn canjiquinha is a cultural food easily accessible by Brazilian consumers at low prices, as well as posing a potential risk of exposure due to contamination with aflatoxins. In this study, aliquots of canjiquinha samples were inoculated with concentrations of 106 CFU/g conidia of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. previously isolated from this food. Other aliquots were contaminated with aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 at a concentration of 50 ?g/kg for each. The application of gaseous ozone was tested in different combinations of exposure time, ozone concentration and canjiquinha mass, being these independent variables investigated. After treatment by ozonation, to evaluate the effects on aflatoxin concentrations, the samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD system) with pre-column derivatization (C18) by trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). The analytical method used in this study was optimized and parameters such as accuracy, precision, linearity, selectivity, limits of detection and limits of quantification of the analytical method were previously evaluated. Additionally, aflatoxin quantification tests were carried out on commercial samples of corn kernels. The method was adequate and presented recovery values within the range of 80-110% with a coefficient of variation of less than 15%, with detection and quantification limits equal to 0.8 and 3.6 ?g/kg, respectively, for each of the aflatoxins. Isolation of fungi was carried out according to the criteria of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture. Thus, the efficacy of gaseous ozonation on aflatoxin levels B1, B2, G1 and G2 and on microbial contamination of canjiquinha grains showed reductions of up to 57% in aflatoxin levels. The total fungal count had a reduction of about 3.0 log cycles UFC/g and the total counts of mesophiles were reduced to undetectable levels. These results demonstrated that ozonation is an effective alternative to reduce microbial contamination and the concentration of aflatoxins in corn kernels and, consequently, can improves the safety of this product. / O milho ? um dos cereais mais cultivados no Brasil e est? exposto ? contamina??o por micotoxinas que s?o metab?litos t?xicos secund?rios produzidos por fungos. A ado??o de sistemas de gest?o da qualidade durante a cadeia de produ??o de milho ? essencial para garantir a seguran?a do alimento quanto ? contamina??o por micotoxinas. Contudo, h? possibilidade desses metab?licos reconhecidamente carcinog?nicos j? encontrarem-se na matriz. Da? a busca por solu??es alternativas capazes de reduzir a contamina??o para n?veis seguros pela aplica??o de tecnologias emergentes tem sido intensa. Os m?todos de descontamina??o de alimento devem obedecer algumas premissas como: inativar, destruir, ou remover as toxinas; n?o produzir res?duos t?xicos; manter o valor nutricional e a aceitabilidade do produto. O oz?nio atende quase todas estas caracter?sticas, ? reconhecido pelo United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) como uma subst?ncia GRAS (Geralmente Reconhecido como Seguro) para uso como sanitizante no processamento de alimentos. Desde ent?o sua utiliza??o tem sido pesquisada em diversos tipos de alimentos, incluindo cereais contaminados por micotoxinas. A canjiquinha de milho ? um alimento cultural de f?cil aquisi??o pelo consumidor brasileiro pelo baixo pre?o, al?m de representar um potencial risco de exposi??o por contamina??o com aflatoxinas. Neste estudo, al?quotas de amostras de canjiquinha foram inoculadas concentra??es de 106 UFC/g de con?dios de Aspergillus spp. e Fusarium spp. previamente isolados do alimento. Outras al?quotas foram contaminadas com aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2 na concentra??o de 50 ?g/kg para cada. A aplica??o de oz?nio gasoso foi testada em diferentes combina??es de tempo de exposi??o, concentra??o do oz?nio e massa de canjiquinha, sendo essas as vari?veis independentes pesquisadas. Ap?s tratamento por ozoniza??o, para avalia??o dos efeitos sobre as concentra??es de aflatoxinas, as amostras foram analisadas por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia com detec??o por fluoresc?ncia (sistema CLAE-DF) com derivatiza??o pr?-coluna (C18) por ?cido trifluoroac?tico (TFA). O m?todo anal?tico utilizado neste estudo foi otimizado e par?metros como a exatid?o, precis?o, linearidade da faixa de trabalho, seletividade, limites de detec??o e limites de quantifica??o do m?todo anal?tico foram previamente avaliados. Adicionalmente efetuaram-se ensaios para quantifica??o das aflatoxinas em amostras comerciais de canjiquinha de milho. O m?todo mostrou-se adequado e apresentando valores de recupera??o dentro da faixa de 80-110% com coeficiente de varia??o menor que 15%, sendo os limites de detec??o e quantifica??o iguais a 0,8 e 3,6 ?g/Kg, respectivamente, para cada uma das aflatoxinas. O isolamento de fungos foi realizado de acordo com as normas do Minist?rio da Agricultura. Assim a avalia??o da efic?cia da ozoniza??o gasoso sobre os n?veis de aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2 e sobre a contamina??o microbiana dos gr?os de canjiquinha apresentou redu??es de at? 57% nos n?veis de aflatoxinas. A contagem de fungos totais teve uma redu??o de cerca de 3,0 ciclos log UFC/g e a contagem total de mes?filos foram reduzidas a n?veis n?o detect?veis. Estes resultados demonstraram que a ozoniza??o ? uma alternativa eficaz para reduzir a contamina??o microbiana e a concentra??o de aflatoxinas em canjiquinha de milho e, consequentemente, melhora a seguran?a desse produto.

This thesis presents a study to develop and explore the use of a computerized system that provided automated prompts to children with ASD during the completion of a self-care activity (handwashing). A Wizard-of-Oz experiment was implemented using an A-B experimental design. During the baseline phase (A) the child’s caregiver was asked to guide the child through handwashing, in the intervention phase (B) the system guided the child. The results showed that the system was not very successful to guide the child. He tended to get distracted very easily presenting off-task behaviour, which resulted in needing assistance from the caregiver. The data obtained showed that during the intervention phase the assistance from the caregiver consisted mostly of verbal instructions versus the hand over hand guidance observed during B phase. From the data analyses and reviewed literature some improvements and redesigns were suggested which could help develop a more automatic prompting system.

This thesis presents a study to develop and explore the use of a computerized system that provided automated prompts to children with ASD during the completion of a self-care activity (handwashing). A Wizard-of-Oz experiment was implemented using an A-B experimental design. During the baseline phase (A) the child’s caregiver was asked to guide the child through handwashing, in the intervention phase (B) the system guided the child. The results showed that the system was not very successful to guide the child. He tended to get distracted very easily presenting off-task behaviour, which resulted in needing assistance from the caregiver. The data obtained showed that during the intervention phase the assistance from the caregiver consisted mostly of verbal instructions versus the hand over hand guidance observed during B phase. From the data analyses and reviewed literature some improvements and redesigns were suggested which could help develop a more automatic prompting system.

Although robotics is well established as a research field, there has been relatively little work on human-robot collaboration. This type of collaboration is going to become an increasingly important issue as robots work ever more closely with humans. Clearly, there is a growing need for research on human-robot collaboration and communication between humans and robotic systems. Research into human-human communication can be used as a starting point in developing a robust human-robot collaboration system. Previous research into collaborative efforts with humans has shown that grounding, situational awareness, a common frame of reference and spatial referencing are vital in effective communication. Therefore, these items comprise a list of required attributes of an effective human-robot collaborative system. Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology for overlaying three-dimensional virtual graphics onto the user's view of the real world. It also allows for real time interaction with these virtual graphics, enabling a user to reach into the augmented world and manipulate it directly. The internal state of a robot and its intended actions can be displayed through the virtual imagery in the AR environment. Therefore, AR can bridge the divide between human and robotic systems and enable effective human-robot collaboration. This thesis describes the work involved in developing the Augmented Reality Human-Robot Collaboration (AR-HRC) System. It first garners design criteria for the system from a review of communication and collaboration in human-human interaction, the current state of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) and related work in AR. A review of research in multimodal interfaces is then provided highlighting the benefits of using such an interface design. Therefore, an AR multimodal interface was developed to determine if this type of design improved performance over a single modality design. Indeed, the multimodal interface was found to improve performance, thereby providing the impetus to use a multimodal design approach for the AR-HRC system. The architectural design of the system is then presented. A user study conducted to determine what kind of interaction people would use when collaborating with a mobile robot is discussed and then the integration of a mobile robot is described. Finally, an evaluation of the AR-HRC system is presented.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of History, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [7], 53 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-53).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-144). Also available on the Internet.

University, Diss., 1998--Saarbrücken.

Det webbaserade Wizard of Oz-verktyget Ozlab är ett system som möjliggör skapande ochutförande av tester med interaktiva prototyper. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka ochutvärdera verktyget för att hitta brister och förändringsförslag. Denna uppsats utgör en kvalitativ studie och datainsamling har skett genom observation och intervju med Ozlab-användare. Utifrån analys av data som samlades in under observation och intervju togs flertalet förändringsförslag fram. För att kontrollera att förändringsförslagen som togs fram accepterades av andra Ozlab-användare skapades en enkät som några få utvalda användare med kunskap om Ozlab-metodiken fick svara på.  Resultatet från studien visar att Ozlab är ett webbverktyg som är accepterat av användarna men det behöver förbättras på några punkter. De punkter som är tydligast är att Ozlab behöver bättre stöd för mobila enheter, kortare svarstider vid test, dokumentation och hjälpavsnitt men även avhjälpa mindre funktionsmässiga problem.

As part of the fight against global warming, the European Union has opted for increase in support for renewable energy at the cost of conventional sources. This policy was subsequently implemented into national legislation. At the same time, the Czech Republic has framed an Updated State Energy Policy, which sets out the direction for Czech energy to evolve. This thesis tries to analyze whether the Czech Republic is ready for future energy development or not. This analysis shows that the Czech Republic is not entirely ready to provide energy stability in the context of a transforming market.