The aim of the literary work is to put near a production of two important french writers, George Sand and Guy de Maupassant, in the kontext of epoch. The literary work apprises of the life and piece of the both authors, main literary tendences of 19th century (realism and naturalism) and a romance, as a genre in general. The literary work addresses the analysis of George Sand{\crq}s piece {--} Horace and Guy de Maupassant{\crq}s piece {--} Bel-Ami. In the both romances appears the theme of "arrivism", or the endeavour of the main hero to get from the bedrock of the society up to its top. The aim of the literary work is to characterize, how the double konception of arrivism (arrivismus du héros, arrivisme d'une société) shows into the life of the both protagonists of romances.

abstract: The end of the nineteenth century was an exhilarating and revolutionary era for the flute. This period is the Second Golden Age of the flute, when players and teachers associated with the Paris Conservatory developed what would be considered the birth of the modern flute school. In addition, the founding in 1871 of the Société Nationale de Musique by Camille Saint-Saëns (1835-1921) and Romain Bussine (1830-1899) made possible the promotion of contemporary French composers. The founding of the Société des Instruments à Vent by Paul Taffanel (1844-1908) in 1879 also invigorated a new era of chamber music for wind instruments. Within this groundbreaking environment, Mélanie Hélène Bonis (pen name Mel Bonis) entered the Paris Conservatory in 1876, under the tutelage of César Franck (1822-1890). Many flutists are dismayed by the scarcity of repertoire for the instrument in the Romantic and post-Romantic traditions; they make up for this absence by borrowing the violin sonatas of Gabriel Fauré (1845-1924) and Franck. The flute and piano works of Mel Bonis help to fill this void with music composed originally for flute. Bonis was a prolific composer with over 300 works to her credit, but her works for flute and piano have not been researched or professionally recorded in the United States before the present study. Although virtually unknown today in the American flute community, Bonis's music received much acclaim from her contemporaries and deserves a prominent place in the flutist's repertoire. After a brief biographical introduction, this document examines Mel Bonis's musical style and describes in detail her six works for flute and piano while also offering performance suggestions. / Dissertation/Thesis / D.M.A. Music 2013

Orientador : Elide Rugai Bastos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:43:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carraro_ElaineCristina_M.pdf: 11025198 bytes, checksum: 7cab9d4ab1aa4b775ee0031c32a8d266 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Resumo: Este trabalho centraliza suas preocupações em torno dos debates travados no Instituto Histórico de Paris, priorizando o enfoque nas idéias, ali produzidas e difundidas, acerca da moralidade e religiosidade, e o notório objetivo de promover a história como o "estudo das sociedades humanas", aproximando-a dos objetivos das ciências sociais. Criado em 1834, por Eugene Garais de Monglave, o Instituto Histórico de Paris acolheu intelectuais de diferentes procedências e tendências pol íticas e configurou-se como um fomentador dos estudos históricos e divulgador de idéias políticas que influenciaram, não apenas Paris, mas intelectuais de outros país"esque com ele mantiveram contato. Entre os anos de 1834 a 1856 muitos brasileiros, representantes do mundo oficial do Império, inclusive alguns de seus principais políticos, participaram de suas atividades, inspirando-se nele para a criação do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro, em 1838. O período delimitado na pesquisa - 1834-1846 - abrange os anos de participação mais intensa desses brasileiros. As idéias sobre a moralidade e religiosidade se destacaram nas discussões do IHP, ao mesmo tempo que inspiraram a elaboração de várias teorias sociais que tiveram relevância política no período. Com isso, através da análise dos registros das atas manuscritas e das publicações dos Journal de /'Institut Historique e L'/nvestigateur, entre os anos de 1834 a 1846, procuramos investigar em que medida essas idéias, sobre moral e religião, contribuíram para um caráter político definido do Instituto, e direcionado à sociedade no sentido de regenera-Ia. Pode-se dizer também que, a pesquisa observa o aspecto ambivalente das idéias produzidas no Instituto, ao comprometer-se, ao mesmo tempo, com o princípio de neutralidade política e com uma proposta de "história útil" e voltada para "interesses morais". Desse modo, além de buscar apontar o papel que este Instituto desempenhou na sociedade francesa, e sua inovação em propor uma história que se baseava em métodos que seriam institucionalizados pela sociologia, o trabalho procura explorar o ambiente intelectual em que conviveram tantos brasileiros, admiradores e interessados pelo exemplo de "civilização" que a França representava / Abstract: The present study is centered on the debates that took place at the Historic Institute of Paris, focusing mainly on the ideas about morality and religiosity therein developed, as well as its notorious objective of promoting history as "the study of human societies", which approximates it to the objectives of the social sciences. Created in 1834, by Eugene Garais de Monglave, the Historic Institute of Paris admitted intellectuals from various origins and political tendencies, fomented historical studies and propagated political ideas that influenced not only Paris but also foreign intellectuals who had contact with it. Between 1834 and 1856 many Brazilians, representing the official Empire world - as well as some of its main politics -, joined its activities, and took inspiration from it for the creation of the Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute, in 1838. The period delimited for the research - 1834 through 1846 - includes the years of most intensive participation of these Brazilians. The ideas about morality and religiosity were eminent in the discussions of the HIP, which simultaneously inspired the development of many social theories that were politically relevant at the time. hrough the analysis of manuscript records and issues of the Journal de L 'Institut Historique and L 'Investigateur, published between 1834 and 1846, we have tried to investigate in what measure these ideas about morais and religion have contributed to a specific political character of the Institute, while directing society in a sense of regenerating it. One can also say that this research considers the ambivalent aspect of the ideas developed at the Institute, which was simultaneously compromised with the principie of political neutrality and with a proposition of "useful history" and a history that regarded "moral interests", Therefore, besides trying to point out the role the Institute has played in French society and its innovation in proposing ahistory based in methods that would be institutionalized by sociology, this work explores the intellectual environment in which so many Brazilians have lived, as admirers interested in the example of "civilization" that France represented. / Mestrado / Mestre em Sociologia

The study is a qualitative text analysis of Swedish news reporting on the Terror attack in Paris 2015 and the train bombing in Madrid in 2004. The analysis is based on articles published by Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter. The purpose of the study is to investigate how Swedish news reporting looked at the terrorist attacks in Paris 2015 and Madrid in 2004. By examining articles from Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet, we investigate how media logic narrator techniques apply to news reporting and whether the criteria for news evaluation are used. The study also aims to investigate whether there are any differences between news reports 2004 versus 2015. The articles are analyzed on the basis of various themes consisting of: perpetrator, victim, event, media logic and theory of news values. The results showed that 2015 news reporting was more comprehensive than news reporting 2004. 2015 reporting gave more space to the event than 2004’s news reporting did. The news reporting of Madrid's train bombing tended to focus on whether the Basque separatist movement ETA or the al-Qaida terrorist network were guilty. In connection with the terrorist attack in Paris, the perpetrators are described in more detail.

This paper is a qualitative text analysis with a purpose of evaluating strengths and weaknesses of the Paris Agreement in the light of the eight design principles of Elinor Ostrom's theory on how to govern the common resources. The eight design principles are; clearly defined boundaries, congruence between appropriation and provision rules and local conditions, collective-choice arrangements, monitoring, graduated sanctions, conflict-resolution mechanisms, minimal recognition of rights to organize, nested enterprises. These principles then lay the ground for the chosen methodological framework. Processes of categorization and coding the Agreement into categories based upon the eight principles then allows for an understanding of strengths and weaknesses shown in the Agreement, in relation to the theory. The result is then also discussed in relation to further considerations that might be important factors to take into account when understanding the Paris Agreement. The paper is based around the document on the Paris Agreement as well as the book by Ostrom named Governing the Commons “The Evolution of Institutions for CollectiveAction”. Further documents and articles are presented throughout the paper, especially in the analysis and discussion to provide for a wider picture on the subject and to avoid an all-biased paper.

This dissertation examines representations of prostitution in male-authored French novels from the later nineteenth century. It proposes that prostitution has a map, and that realist and naturalist authors appropriate this cartography in the Second Empire and early Third Republic to make sense of a shifting and overhauled Paris perceived to resist mimetic literary inscription. Though always significant in realist and naturalist narrative, space is uniquely complicit in the novel of prostitution due to the contemporary policy of reglementarism, whose primary instrument was the mise en carte: an official registration that subjected prostitutes to moral and hygienic surveillance, but also “put them on the map,” classifying them according to their space of practice (such as the brothel or the boulevard). It is this spatial and conceptual taxonomy, I contend, that makes the prostitute a fulcrum for authorial mapping – for the assertion of mastery over both the prostitute and the city. The first chapter reads the inscription of the tolerated brothel in novels by Huysmans and Goncourt as the mark of a nostalgic longing for old Paris and a desire for stability in a resistant urban present. Analyzing the representation of the brasserie à femmes in lesser-known works by Tabarant and Barrès, Chapter Two posits that the brasserie prostitute fuels the desires of a generation of aspirational Rastignacs by selling stories alongside beer and sex, adopting a writerly role and troubling authorial mastery of the prostitute and the city. The mobilization of prostitutional metaphors in the Rougon-Macquart is the subject of the third chapter, which argues that Zola deploys the prostitute’s entropic force to dismantle the Paris of his predecessors, Balzac and Haussmann, and clear the ground for the construction of a proper city. The final chapter demonstrates that fin-de-siècle novelist Charles-Louis Philippe makes use of the clandestinity of street prostitution in order to locate a breed of urban mapping that is not contingent on mastery. By remapping the prostitute, the dissertation proposes a new model for understanding both the nineteenth-century novel of prostitution and the lived and represented experience of a Paris that Zola termed “le mauvais lieu de l’Europe.” / Romance Languages and Literatures

Le dossier testamentaire est une source exceptionnelle en matière d’histoire de la mort au Moyen Âge. Composé des écrits du testament, de l’inventaire après décès et du compte de l’exécution, il couvre toutes les étapes de l’administration de la mort, des fondements pré décès, aux articulations concrètes de la réalité post mortem. L’étude des dossiers de deux chanoines parisiens, Jean d’Hétomesnil (Sainte-Chapelle, 1381) et Jean Chuffart (Notre-Dame de Paris, 1451) a permis d’esquisser les dynamiques de tels documents. La cohérence idéologique et codicologique laisse d’abord apparaître l’état post mortem du réseau social des défunts. Défini par une mobilisation de ses constituants et axé sur la mémoire et la rédemption de l’âme, cet état résulte de l’activation des dispositions testamentaires. Ensuite, ce processus est exprimé à partir de la perspective de l’exécuteur testamentaire : elle souligne la somme de travail requise et les paramètres d’exécution. L’utilisation de ces documents permet ainsi de dépasser l’état spéculatif des dernières volontés et d’entrer dans la complexité de leur réalisation. En définitive, c’est la protection des exécuteurs et la démonstration du respect des dernières volontés dans un cadre d’autorité bien plus que la rédemption de l’âme qui ressort comme la motivation principale des dossiers testamentaires.

La paléoflore du Jurassique moyen et supérieur du bassin parisien est documentée par un ensemble de gisements assez importants et relativement peu connus, contenant des fossiles de tous types, généralement sous forme d’empreintes avec ou sans cuticule, ou encore sous forme de silicification dans des chailles. Huit gisements historiques ou nouveaux ont été étudiés, plus quatre fossiles isolés, tous datant de l’intervalle Bathonien-Oxfordien, et répartis sur l’ensemble du bassin parisien et de ses marges. Trois gisements ont étés étudiés dans la partie Est du bassin, Il s’agit d’Arc-en-Barrois (Bathonien supérieur), d’Étrochey (Callovien inférieur et moyen) et de Laignes (Callovien moyen). Ils appartiennent tous à l’archipel de la plate-forme bourguignonne, dont les îles étaient alors couvertes d’une forêt mixte xérophytes à Brachyphyllum. Le gisement d’Auxey, situé plus au sud, près de Beaune, daté de l’Oxfordien supérieur, montre au contraire une flore de milieu humide, riche en fougères. Deux autres gisements ont été étudiés au niveau du seuil du Poitou, les flores du Callovien moyen de Sauzé-Vaussais et des environs de Poitiers, riches en bennettitales, correspondant probablement à des milieux xéromorphes assez ouverts. Enfin, deux derniers gisements ont étés étudiés dans l’ouest du bassin, sur la marge orientale du massif armoricain alors émergé, les flores du Bathonien supérieur de Mamers et de Nonant-le-Pin. Ces deux gisements correspondent à des forêts mixtes côtières à Brachyphyllum, dans un milieu également xéromorphe. Ainsi, le bassin parisien présente au Bathonien et au Callovien exclusivement des flores côtières xérophytes, correspondant à des paléoenvironnements plutôt fermés, comme sur la plate-forme bourguignonne, jusqu’à des milieux au contraire assez ouverts, comme dans le Poitou. Les flores de milieu interne, loin des côtes, ne sont pas connues pour cette période. À l’Oxfordien supérieur en revanche, la flore d’Auxey indiquerait plutôt une certaine humidification du climat, bien que de plus amples données soient nécessaires pour confirmer cette interprétation. / The palaeoflora of Late and Middle Jurassic of the Paris basin is documented by a set of rather important outcrops, relatively little know, containing fossils of every type, mainly imprints often without cuticle, sometime with, or otherwise silicification in flint nodules. Eight historic or new outcrops were studied, plus four isolated fossils, all dating from the Bathonian-Oxfordian interval and distributed on the whole Paris basin and its margins. Three deposits were studied in the eastern part of the basin, its Arc-en-Barrois (late Bathonian), Étrochey (early and middle Callovian), and Laignes (middle Callovian). They all belong to the archipelago of the Burgundian platform, whose islands are covered by a mixed xerophytes Brachyphyllum forest. The deposit of Auxey, situated to the south, close to the city of Beaune, dated of late Oxfordian shows on the contrary a flora of wet environments, rich in ferns. Two others outcrops were studied close to the seuil du Poitou, the late Callovian flora of Sauzé-Vaussais and Poitiers surroundings, rich in bennettitales, presumably corresponding to relatively open xeromorphic environments. Finally, two last deposits were studied in the west of the basin, on the oriental margin of the emerged Armorican massif, the flora of the late Bathonian of Mamers and Nonant-le-Pin. These two outcrops correspond to a coastal mixed Brachyphyllum forest, also in a xeromorphic environment. Thereby, the Paris basin presents from Bathonian to Callovian exclusively xerophytes floras, corresponding to rather closed paleoenvironments, as on the Burgundian platform, to on the contrary opened enough environments, as in Poitou. The flora of internal environments, far from coasts, are not known for this period. In late Oxfordian on the other hand, the flora of Auxey would indicate rather a certain moistering of the climate, although more ample data are necessary to confirm this interpretation.

Magister Legum - LLM / Global climate change is a serious, severe, and potentially irreversible problem. If no actions are taken to curb greenhouse gas emissions, global temperatures and sea levels will rise, wreaking havoc on earth, particularly in developing countries. The Stockholm Declaration of 1972 facilitated the first international consensus concerning the application of CBDR to international environmental problems. This was in reaction to the developing countries refusal to adhere to the same standards as the developed countries as they perceived this as a burden to their economic growth, which is unjust due to the developed countries historical culpability.

James Leslie es Asesor Técnico de Cambio Climático y Ecosistemas del Programa de las Naciones para el Desarrollo en Perú. Es responsable de gerenciar el portafolio referido a commodities y paisajes sostenibles, finanzas ambientales y conservación de la biodiversidad. Antes de integrarse a PNUD en Perú, ha colaborado con el Banco Mundial, la Universidad de Yale, el Fondo Mundial para la Naturaleza y The Nature Conservancy en Perú, Paraguay, Nicaragua, Ecuador y Mozambique. Cuenta con una maestría en Ciencias Ambientales con especialización en gobernanza forestal y un MBA, ambos obtenidos en Yale. Estudió Biología y Educación en la Universidad de Brown, Estados Unidos. / La conferencia revisará los instrumentos jurídicos internacionales suscritos por los Estados en el marco del sistema de Naciones Unidos, su grado de compromiso para su cumplimiento y los retos que enfrenta la protección y cuidado del medio ambiente, evaluando con ello en mayor profundidad los retos actuales del Acuerdo de París.