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The thesis "The reflection of social changes during the period between September 1938 and December 1939 in a football environment according to the Rekord magazine" deals with the events forming Czech society during the period of the Munich crisis, The Second Republic and the first months of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in connection with football organizations. It analyses the key moments that influenced individual components of public life. The study deals with general circumstances and the historical context. It analyses the way in which Rekord, the official bulletin of The Football Association and The Football Federation, used to work with these facts. The text discusses important matches with the political background, organizational changes in a football environment caused by new conditions, unifying trends, anti-Semitic arrangements, disestablishment of professionalism or Slovaks' effort to gain autonomy. It also deals with the direct impact of occupation of border regions and later of all Bohemian lands, influencing community life and the run of all championship competitions. The Czech self-determination in sport after the constitution of the protectorate in March 1939 and international contacts of Czech football teams until the end of the year 1939 is also included in the text....

En la actualidad, estamos viviendo una coyuntura particular y a la vez muy retadora, ya que el contexto pandémico en el que vivimos ha replanteado muchas cosas en diferentes industrias y rubros económicos. Esta realidad nos proyecta un escenario cada vez más tecnológico y clientes con necesidades cada vez más demandantes. Además, otra tendencia que cada vez toma más fuerza en el mundo y que ya dejó de ser sólo una moda es el mayor cuidado del cuerpo por parte de las personas, esta tendencia se refuerza cada vez más y las personas invierten más tiempo y dinero en practicar algún tipo de actividad física y en intentar llevar una vida saludable. El presente proyecto tiene como finalidad estudiar la viabilidad del modelo de negocio de “Keep in shape”, con el firme propósito de no sólo aterrizar una idea de negocio que sea interesante desde el punto de vista de la rentabilidad sino que sea un agente de cambio y de concientización para las personas sobre la importancia de mantener un estilo de vida saludable, realizar actividad física y alimentarse cada día mejor. Asimismo, este proyecto les ofrece a las personas que les gusta llevar un estilo de vida saludable, una plataforma 100% digital en la que podrán conectar con profesionales del entrenamiento físico y de la nutrición para ser asesorados de una manera muy personalizada desde la comodidad de su hogar y sobre todo sin tener que arriesgar su salud por ir a un centro de entrenamiento presencial. / Currently, we are experiencing a particular and at the same time very challenging situation, since the pandemic context in which we live has rethought many things in different industries and economic areas. This reality projects us an increasingly technological scenario and customers with increasingly demanding needs. In addition, another trend that is gaining strength in the world and that is no longer just a fad is the greater care of the body by people, this trend is increasingly reinforced and people invest more time and money in practice some type of physical activity and try to lead a healthy life. The purpose of this project is to study the viability of the "Keep in shape" business model, with the firm purpose of not only landing a business idea that is interesting from the point of view of profitability but also an agent of change and awareness for people about the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, doing physical activity and eating better every day. Likewise, this project offers people who like to lead a healthy lifestyle, a 100% digital platform in which they can connect with fitness training and nutrition professionals to be advised in a very personalized way from the comfort of your home and above all without having to risk your health by going to a face-to-face training center. / Trabajo de investigación

Title: Use of Crossfit in condition training of junior ice hockey players Objectives: Main idea of this thesis was to prove, that Crossfit is usefull in ice hockey while pre-season. We aimed to proved crossfit improvment at generally condition presupposition, compare to other training method. Main area of condition were speed and power presupposition. Methods: In our thesis we used a method of analysis and a method of comparison. We apllied the method of analysis in pre-season of ice hockey and the method of comparison in comparing the two different types of training method. We used Crossfit as training method, which was applied on junior hockey. Strength training based on Crossfit exercise is going to be compared with running training, This running training program is use for training of junior hockey players. In the period under consideration of the performance stage we assess the change of power and speed performances of the ice hockey players. To assassmnet we used battery of test which is identify for Czech junior hockey league. We applied this test on junior players at age 17-20, which are playing 2. Czech league. Results: This thesis proved that Crossfit can be used in pre-season training oj junior hockey. At the same time proved that explosive power assumption on players which used Crossfit...

El tiempo se ha convertido en una de las preocupaciones diarias de los adultos y las posibilidades de qué hacer con él, si el día tuviera más horas, en un sueño inalcanzable. La vida agitada que conlleva tener una rutina diaria entre el trabajo, los estudios y el hogar, deja al ser humano en un bucle interminable de acciones que solo logran estresarlos más. Entonces, ¿cómo transformar esas vidas que normalmente se encuentran reactivas al cambio? El camino al autoconocimiento y al equilibrio personal solo son posibles a través del movimiento, relajación y una alimentación consciente. Actualmente, las empresas de nuestro país que ofrecen opciones para llevar una vida saludable y activa se enfocan en actividades tradicionales dictadas en un local físico con ejercicios estándares. La presente investigación, tiene como objetivo descubrir las preferencias de un entrenamiento que integre el área física, mental y alimentación consciente desde una plataforma online para que los usuarios accedan a los talleres desde donde se encuentren y cuando quieran. Con esta finalidad, se diseñó una metodología mixta, a través de la técnica cuantitativa (encuesta y PMV) y cualitativa (entrevista semiestructurada) a un público limeño entre 25 y 35 años, con la finalidad de validar la viabilidad del proyecto. Los resultados arrojaron que el proyecto responde a la demanda de los talleres online propuestos; pero también nos deja el desafío constante de agregar otros talleres de acuerdo a la tendencia y preferencia, bajo la misma filosofía del proyecto. / Time has become a daily concern for adults and the possibilities of what to do with it –if the day had more hours– are an unreachable dream. The hurried lifestyle that comes with having a daily routine between work, studies and home, leaves the human being in an endless loop of events that only make them more stressed. So how do we transform those lives that normally are reactive to change? The path to self-knowledge and personal balance is only possible through movement, relaxation and mindful eating. Nowadays, the companies in our country that offer options to lead a healthy and active life, focus on traditional activities located in a establishment with standard exercises. This research aims to discover the preferences of a training that integrates the physical, mental and mindful eating area from an online platform so that users can access the workshops wherever they are and whenever they want. For this purpose, it was designed a mixed methodology, through the quantitative technique (survey and MVP) and qualitative (semi-structured interview) to an audience of Lima residents between 25 and 35 years old, in order to validate the viability of the project. The results showed that the project responds to the demand of the proposed digital workshops; but it also leaves us the constant challenge of adding other workshops according to the tren and preference in order to the same philosophy of the project / Trabajo de investigación

A presente pesquisa assume os pressupostos de uma investigação qualitativa de linha dialética que consiste em avaliar como a literatura contribui para formação de conceitos abstratos de Física Moderna e Contemporânea, em especial, conceitos de Mecânica Quântica, para alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio. A maneira como os alunos agem em seu meio social é investigada com o apoio da pseudoconcreticidade de Karel Kosík, que nos permite investigar a forma como agem entre si e como aceitam as propostas de ensino oferecidas em sala de aula. A Literatura, a analogia, a leitura e outros recursos linguísticos são tratados a partir da revisão de pesquisas realizadas nesse início de século. A formação de conceitos da Física Moderna e da Mecânica Quântica é investigada com o apoio do referencial interacionista de Vygotsky, que nos possibilitou avaliar como a literatura, por meio da palavra, transforma-se em outra estrutura semiótica, que leva à abstração e generalização de conceitos físicos. As respostas dadas pelos alunos em questionário aberto permitiu-nos confirmar o papel da literatura como ferramenta de ensino de física, que leva à abstração e formação de conceitos abstratos da física moderna. / This research, is a qualitative investigation in a dialectical line which aims to know how literature contributes to the formation of abstract concepts of Modern and Contemporary Physics, especially concepts of Quantum Mechanics for 3rd grade High School students. The way students act in their social environment is investigated through the support of pseudoconcreticity by Karel Kosík, which allows us to investigate how they act with each other and how they accept the teaching proposals offered in the classroom. Literature, analogy, reading and other language resources have been evaluated in current researches. The formation of physical concepts on Modern Physics and Quantum Mechanics are investigated, support by the interactionism of Vygotsky, which enabled us to investigate how the literature, by means of the word, becomes another semiotic structure, which leads to abstraction and generalization of physical concepts. The answers given by the students, in an open questionnaire, confirm the literature as a tool for physics education, especially abstract concepts of modern physics.

A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome que cursa com sintomas como intolerância ao exercício e sinais como o edema periférico (EP). Prejuízo na constrição miogênica (CM) acarreta em aumento da pressão hidrostática capilar e EP. Sabendo dos efeitos benéficos do treinamento físico (TF) sobre o sistema cardiovascular na IC, hipotetizou-se que o TF aeróbio é eficaz em restaurar o prejuízo na CM em artérias tibiais caudais (ATC) e o EP induzido pela IC. A IC induziu aumento no volume da pata o qual foi revertido pelo TF. A CM em ATC foi atenuada nos ICs, e o TF restaurou a mesma por vias como ROCK e razão SERCA-2/Fosfolambano, aumentando à cinética e a sensibilidade ao Ca2+. O TF restaurou o aumento no diâmetro interno (Di) observado nas ATC dos IC. Conclui-se, que as ATCs de ratos com IC apresentam prejuízo da CM e remodelamento eutrófico para fora os quais foram restaurados pelo TF. Os ajustes na CM induzidos pelo TF estão associados a uma melhora na mobilização do Ca2+i e na sensibilização das proteínas contráteis. / Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome with symptoms as exercise intolerance and signs as peripheral edema (PE). Impairment of myogenic constriction (MC) leads to enhancement of capillary hydrostatic pressure and PE. Knowing about the beneficial effects of physical training (PT) on cardiovascular system of HF, we hypothesize that PT is efficient in restore the impaired MC of caudal tibial artery (CTA) and PE induced by HF. HF increases paw volume, which was reversed by PT. The MC of CTA was blunted in HF, and PT restored it by pathway such as ROCK and SERCA-2/Phospholamban ratio, that increases Ca2+ kinetics and sensitization. PT restores the enhanced internal diameter (Di) observed in CTA of HF. Taken together, the CTAs of HF rats present an impairment of MC and eutrophic outward remodelling which are restored by PT. The PT adjustments observed in MC are associated with an improvement in Ca2+ mobilization and contractile protein sensitization.

A doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) consiste na alteração morfofisiológica do fígado decorrente do acúmulo de lipídios nos hepatócitos. O desenvolvimento de DHGNA pode estar associado à obesidade e o diabetes tipo 2, e um dos possíveis mecanismos mediadores é a hiperatividade da alça ECA/Ang II/AT1 do sistema renina angiotensina (SRA). Por outro lado, evidências mais recentes mostraram que a ativação da alça ECA2/Ang 1-7/Mas do SRA age na direção oposta, podendo atenuar as manifestações clínicas das doenças metabólicas. O treinamento físico aeróbio (TFA) tem sido amplamente recomendado para a prevenção e o tratamento de doenças metabólicas, inclusive da DHGNA, e parte das respostas benéficas podem estar associadas com a melhora do metabolismo oxidativo. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi investigar se a prevenção da DHGNA por meio do TFA é mediada pela melhora do metabolismo hepático associada à ativação da alça do SRA ECA2/ Ang1-7/ Mas. Para isso, camundongos C57BL/6 foram separados em grupos (n=10/grupo) sedentários (SED) alimentados com dieta normocalórica (NO) ou de cafeteria (CAF) (SED-NO e SED-CAF, respectivamente) e submetidos ao TFA alimentados com dieta NO ou CAF (TF-NO e TF-CAF, respectivamente). O grupo SED-CAF apresentou maior ganho de peso corporal, conteúdo de lipídios e de IL-6 no fígado, e o TFA previniu esses aumentos no grupo TF-CAF. Não houve diferença na concentração sérica das enzimas ALT e AST, na expressão de genes relacionados com o metabolismo lipídico e na expressão das proteínas AMPK, PGC1- , SIRT-1, ACC e receptor Mas no fígado. Os grupos TF-NO e TF-CAF apresentaram maior atividade da ECA2 no soro comparados ao SED-NO e SED-CAF, porém a atividade da ECA2 e o conteúdo do peptídio Ang1-7 não foram diferentes entre os grupos. O TF-NO apresentou menor atividade da enzima ECA no fígado comparado ao grupo TF-CAF. Coletivamente, os dados obtidos permitem afirmar que o TFA preveniu a DHGNA evidenciado pelo menor conteúdo de lipídios e citocina pró-inflamatória IL-6, no entanto, essa resposta foi independente de mudanças na expressão de genes e de proteínas reguladoras do metabolismo hepático associada à alça do SRA ECA2/ Ang1-7/ Mas / Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) consists in the morphophysiological alteration of the liver due to the accumulation of lipids in the hepatocytes. The development of NAFLD may be associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes, and one of the possible mediating mechanisms is the hyperactivity of the ACE/Ang II/AT1 axis of the renin angiotensin system (RAS). On the other hand, evidence have shown that the activation of the ACE2/Ang 1-7/Mas have opposite effect, being able to attenuate clinical manifestations of the metabolic diseases. Aerobic physical training (APT) has been widely recommended for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, including NAFLD, and some of the beneficial responses may be associated with improved oxidative metabolism. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the prevention of NAFLD by APT is mediated by the improvement of the metabolism associated with the activation of the RAS ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas axis. For this, C57BL/6 mice were separated into sedentary groups (SED) fed normocaloric (NO) or cafeteria (CAF) diet (SED-NO and SED-CAF, respectively) and trained with APT fed NO or CAF diet (TF-NO and TF-CAF, respectively). The SED-CAF group presented higher body weight gain, lipid and IL-6 content in the liver, and APT prevented these increases in the TF-CAF group. No differences were observed in the concentration of ALT and AST enzymes, in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and in the expression of AMPK, PGC1- , SIRT-1, ACC and receptor Mas in the liver. TF-NO and TF-CAF groups had higher serum ACE2 activity compared to SED-NO and SED-CAF, however ACE2 activity and Ang1-7 content were not different among groups. TF-NO showed lower ACE activity in the liver compared to the TF-CAF group. Collectively, the results showed that APT prevented NAFLD evidenced by the lower lipid content and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, however, this response is independent of changes in gene expression and in hepatic metabolism regulatory proteins expression associated with the SRA ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas axis

Utilizando Análise Espectral (FFT) para quantificar a variabilidade autonômica no animal intacto, analisamos pressão arterial, intervalo de pulso (IP) e fluxo sangüíneo no repouso e no exercício, em ratos normotensos (WKY) e hipertensos (SHR), sedentários (S) ou treinados (T), após pré-tratamento do NTS/DMV com veículo e antagonista de ocitocina (OTant). As principais alterações foram relacionadas à freqüência cardíaca (FC) e ao IP: bradicardia de repouso em WKYT e SHRT; aumento na resposta taquicárdica do exercício após OTant apenas nos WKYT. No repouso, os SHR apresentaram queda da variância do IP com diminuição dos componentes de baixa (LF-simpático) e alta (HF-vago) freqüências, corrigidas pelo T. No exercício houve queda dos componentes espetrais do IP nos grupos experimentais, exceto o HF que não diminuiu nos WKYT. OTant no NTS/DMV reduziu o HF dos SHRT no repouso e exercício; a ausência da queda do HF nos WKYT foi abolida. Resultados indicam a importância da ocitocina agindo sobre o vago na modulação da FC basal e da taquicardia do exercício apenas em T. / Using Spectral Analysis (FFT) to quantify the autonomic variability in intact animal, we analyzed blood pressure, pulse interval (PI) and blood flow at rest and during exercise, in normotensive (WKY) and hypertensive (SHR) rats, sedentary (S) or trained (T), after solitary vagal complex (NTS/DMV) pre-treatment with vehicle and oxytocin antagonist (OTant). The main changes were related to heart rate (HR) and PI: rest bradycardia in WKYT and SHRT; increased exercise tachycardia after OTant only in WKYT. At rest, SHR presented a fall of in PI variance with decreased low (LF-simpathetic) and high (HF-vagal) frequencies components that were normalized by T. During exercise, the spectral components decreased in the experimental groups, except HF unchanged in WKYT. OTant into the NTS/DMV reduced the HF of the SHRT at rest and exercise; the absence of the fall in HF of WKYT was abolished. Results indicate the importance of oxytocin acting on vagus in the modulation of basal HR and exercise tachycardia only in T rats.

Submitted by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-09-27T15:14:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIZA LIMA.pdf: 1903438 bytes, checksum: 3dd92f0052ecc6a9e39c2d2a9519ff7d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-09-27T15:15:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIZA LIMA.pdf: 1903438 bytes, checksum: 3dd92f0052ecc6a9e39c2d2a9519ff7d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T15:15:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIZA LIMA.pdf: 1903438 bytes, checksum: 3dd92f0052ecc6a9e39c2d2a9519ff7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é uma enfermidade incurável que causa perda das funções cognitivas (memória, orientação, atenção e linguagem). As lesões cerebrais são características dessa doença, sendo as principais alterações: as placas senis decorrentes do depósito de proteína beta-amiloide (βa) anormalmente produzida, e os emaranhados neurofibrilares. Atualmente, muitas abordagens são propostas para tratar ou prevenir a DA, mas os estudos geralmente usam protocolos que dificilmente permitem o estabelecimento da relação causa-efeito, pois envolvem mais de uma variável que poderia ter benefícios no cérebro com DA. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e isolar os efeitos neuroprotetores do enriquecimento ambiental, do exercício físico anaeróbio, e do enriquecimento social, em déficits de memória relacionados à neurotoxicidade induzida pela beta-amiloide (βa) em um modelo animal. Para isto, foram utilizados ratos Wistar submetidos às intervenções propostas por 8 semanas, e, logo após, à cirurgia estereotáxica para a injeção de βa no hipocampo. A memória foi avaliada pelos testes de reconhecimento de objetos e reconhecimento social, considerando memória de curta e de longa duração. O estado de oxidativo do hipocampo (níveis de espécies reativas de oxigênio, peroxidação lipídica e capacidade antioxidante total - ROS, TBARS e FRAP) e a atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE) também foram verificados. Os dados mostram que a injeção de βa resultou em déficits de memória e danos oxidativos no hipocampo. O enriquecimento ambiental e o exercício físico 8 evitaram todos os déficits de memória e a peroxidação lipídica (TBARS) hipocampal induzida por βa. O enriquecimento social evitou apenas o déficit de memória de reconhecimento social induzido pela beta-amiloide e aumentou a capacidade antioxidante total (FRAP). / Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an incurable disease that causes loss of cognitive functions (memory, orientation, attention, and language). Brain lesions are characteristic of this disease, in which main alterations being: senile plaques arisvel from the deposition of abnormally produced beta-amyloid protein (βa) and neurofibrillary tangles. Many approaches have been proposed to treat or prevent AD, but studies generally use protocols that becouse difficult to attribute a cause-effect relationship because they involve more than one variable that could be benefical in observed changes. The objective of this work was to evaluate and isolate the neuroprotective effects of environmental enrichment, anaerobic physical exercise, and social enrichment on memory deficits related to beta-amyloid neurotoxicity in an animal model. For this, Wistar rats were submitted to 8 weeks of intervention, and soon thereafter underwent stereotactic surgery for the injection of βa into the hippocampus. The memory was evaluated by object recognition and social recognition memory tests, considering short and long term memory. The oxidative state of the hippocampus (ROS, TBARS and FRAP) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity are also verified. The data show that the injection of βa resulted in memory deficits and oxidative damage in the hippocampus. Environmental enrichment and exercise avoided all memory deficits and hippocampal lipid peroxidation (TBARS) induced by βa. Social enrichment avoided only the social 10 recognition memory deficit and avoided the total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) decrease induced by βa.