After the death of their parents many youth resume full parental responsibility in taking care of their orphaned siblings. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and challenges of youth fostering their siblings and heading households in Port Shepstone. This study was guided by the ecological systems theory and used a qualitative research approach to undertake the study. A sample of ten participants was used with whom face to face interviews were conducted. The study revealed that the youth heading households resumed parental responsibilities at a young age. They shoulder new responsibilities such as domestic chores and child care duties. In addition, the youth heading households experience financial challenges due to lack of employment. As a result, the foster care grant was the only source of income which was not enough to meet all the needs of their siblings. The participants further indicated that they and their siblings are still dealing with the death of their parent(s). Both the participants and their siblings had never received counseling after the deaths of their parents. In addition, the participants revealed that they were experiencing challenges regarding disciplining their siblings who were presenting with behavioral problems. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the social workers spend more time on foster care placement (statutory work) rather than focusing on early prevention programmes. Lastly, the youth heading households wanted more social work support, as social workers rarely visited the youth headed households to check on the progress of the placements. To overcome all these challenges, I support the recommendation made by the Department of Social Development as it recently announced an intention to create a kinship grant (Jamieson et al., 2012). This will decrease the workload of social workers so that they can attend to other therapeutic services. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.

Bibliography: leaves 504-529. / v, 529 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Argues that social tensions evolved at Port Adelaide, South Australia, between the stable, traditional environment both the working and middle class settlers were trying to create for their families, and the wharfside activities of brawls, bars and brothels which were a common way of life for many transient seafarers after long periods at sea. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of History, 2000?

Cette thèse est consacrée à l’analyse des différentes manières d’exercer une «emprise», une «souveraineté» et une «juridiction» sur les mers à l’époque moderne. Centrée sur la Méditerranée d’un long XVIIe siècle, elle commence par présenter les différents terrains et les multiples soubassements théoriques d’une controverse à la fois juridique, politique et diplomatique. Du Golfe de Venise aux mers du Levant, de la mer Tyrrhénienne à la mer Égée, il s’agit de réfléchir aux frontières et aux limites maritimes au prisme de notions très débattues, telles que «propriété», «occupation» et «possession». On utilise pour cela une variété de documents, qui vont des textes théoriques aux libelles manuscrits, des traités de paix aux productions cartographiques, des Capitulations avec la Porte ottomane aux gravures et aux dépêches diplomatiques. Une seconde partie concerne la juridiction fiscale, à travers l’histoire du port toscan de Livourne : l’enjeu est ici de montrer que la franchise portuaire dessine l’espace d’une juridiction et d’une souveraineté en Méditerranée. Escale ouverte aux marchands et aux marins étrangers, port neutre, Livourne offre un exemple paradigmatique de « port franc », tour à tour imité, concurrencé et jalousé en Méditerranée. Le présent travail cherche à décliner tout l’éventail de cette « franchise », depuis les exemptions douanières et les immunités personnelles jusqu’aux conditions socio-juridiques d’accueil des étrangers. Par l’étude détaillée des litiges maritimes et des suppliques, il propose enfin d’analyser le « port franc » comme un catalyseur du contentieux, propice à l’observation d’expérimentations juridiques et procédurales. / This PhD thesis analyses the many ways of exercising «control», «sovereignty» and a «jurisdiction» on the seas in the Early modern period. Focusing on the Mediterranean sea during a long XVIIth century, it first introduces the different fields and the numerous theoretical bases of an altogether legal, political and diplomatic controversy. From the Gulf of Venice to the Levant seas, from the Tyrrhenian to the Aegean Sea, it examines borders and maritime boundaries in the light of much-debated notions, such as « property », «occupation» and «possession». To this purpose, a variety of documents is used, from theoretical texts to handwritten pamphlets, from peace treatises to cartographic productions, and from Capitulations with the Ottoman Empire to engravings and diplomatic dispatches. A second part deals with tax jurisdiction, using as a case study the history of the Tuscan port city of Livorno : what is at stake here is how the system of tax exemptions in a harbour delineates a space of jurisdiction and sovereignty in the Mediterranean. Livorno, a port of call welcoming merchants and foreign sailors and a neutral harbour, is an emblematic example of « free port », alternately imitated, challenged and envied in the Mediterranean. The present research scrutinizes a whole range of tax exemptions, from customs release to individual immunity and up to the socio-legal conditions of welcome for foreigners. Through a detailed study of maritime litigations and of petitions, the free port is defined, as a conclusion, as a catalyst for maritime litigations, suited for an accurate observation of legal and procedural experiments.

Newspaper article: "Century of growth”. Article reads: "Lovely 20-year old Denise Baker reads a plaque on an almost forgotten oak in St. George's Park. The tree was planted 100 years ago today. The inscription reads, "This tree was planted by Nathaniel Adler, Esq. on the occasion of the visit of H.R.H. Prince Alfred, August 6, 1860."

Newspaper article: "Ancient oak owes longevity to plaque it stoutly bears”. Plaque reads: "This tree was planted by Nathaniel Adler, Esq. on the occasion of the visit of His Royal Highness Prince Alfred, August 6th 1860".

Newspaper article: "Sit under oak and think of our ancestors”.

Typed note: "Oak Tree. As at 1977.11.19. In the northwestern part of St. George's Park, Port Elizabeth against the fence of the granstand at the Union Cricket Ground is an oak tree bearing a plate: 'This tree was planted by Nathaniel Adler, Esq. on the occasion of the visit of H.R.H. Prince Alfred, August 6th 1860'. This tree has therefore been there fro 117 years, but it is a very poor specimen of oak with a weak spread of branches, certainly not a good example for its age. It is typical oak".

This study explored the methods available for measuring corporate sustainability and created an instrument to measure corporate sustainability in the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB) automotive manufacturing sector. The instrument was created based on three components of sustainability which are environment, society and economy. The study went a step further and added a fourth dimension, current trends to design a measuring instrument. The instrument was then applied on participating companies and further refined to improve it. A total of 16 multi-dimensional indicators to measure corporate sustainability were created and applied to 12 companies in the automotive manufacturing sector. The indicators were used to create a composite corporate sustainability index which can be used to compare the corporate sustainability performance of companies. These indicators were created based on theoretical research and fist hand experience observing the automotive manufacturing sector in the NMB. The indicators were applied to companies as a pilot to test whether they are feasible. Following this, the indicators were refined, improved and applied to more companies to measure corporate sustainability performance. The results of the study were the measuring instrument created, the creation of a composite index as well as the application of the instrument on 12 companies to determine whether the instrument was refined enough to detect differences in the corporate sustainability performance of companies. The results are discussed and further recommendations are made for improvements in the creation and application of the instrument to measure corporate sustainability in the NMB automotive manufacturing sector.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-15T13:53:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Josue Lopes dos Santos.pdf: 4530720 bytes, checksum: 63072a3e806118db7b86a3e5df257cb5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T13:53:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Josue Lopes dos Santos.pdf: 4530720 bytes, checksum: 63072a3e806118db7b86a3e5df257cb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The first purpose in this work is analyze the functional aspects relative to port organization in Itamaracá Island between XVI and XVII centuries. In this site it was two harbors in activity during that times, each one in a different entrance of Santa Cruz Channel, river that separated the island from the continent. In the south inlet was the Itamaracá inlet harbor, in the north portion the Catuama´s harbor, this one would be the most important harbor in the area. This work is divided in tree chapters, the first discusses about the Itamaracá Captaincy in a more broad context presenting significant informations for the considerable portuary activities in the area; The second chapter was intended to understand directly the dynamism of the sailing and seaworthiness in the island, listing and analyzing the most important harbors in Itamaracá and the connections between those and another harbors around the Portuguese kingdom and the functionalities of those connections. In the third chapter we seek to accomplish an overview about the militarization and the defense of the island related to the Island harbors protection, since every entrance in the inlet was guarded by fortifications. Our basic sources for this work are the relates of chroniclers and travelers who dedicate their work to describe the sites and the iconographies produced in the area during that time, Besides we use the documents of local administration, deposited in the AHU and APEJE mostly. / O objetivo principal desta dissertação é analisar os aspectos funcionais relativos a organização portuária da Ilha de Itamaracá entre os séculos XVI e XVII. Neste local existiram dois portos em atividade, um em cada entrada do Canal de Santa Cruz, rio que separa a ilha do continente. Na barra sul existia o porto da Barra de Itamaracá, e na porção norte o Porto da Catuama, este primeiro seria o principal porto da região. O trabalho se divide em três capítulos, sendo que o primeiro versa sobre a Capitania de Itamaracá num contexto mais amplo, apresentando os subsídios para a considerável atividade portuária na região; no segundo capítulo buscou-se entender diretamente a dinâmica de navegação e navegabilidade da ilha, listando e analisando os principais portos em Itamaracá e as conexões que estes mantinham com outras partes do reino, indicando suas funcionalidades. Já no terceiro capítulo o que buscamos realizar foi um apanhado sobre a defesa e militarização da Ilha de Itamaracá em função de seus portos, já que cada entrada da barra era guarnecida por posições fortificadas. Entre nossas principais fontes estão os relatos de cronistas e viajantes que se dedicaram a descrever o local e as iconografias produzidas sobre a região durante este período, além da documentação referente a administração local, depositadas no AHU (Arquivo histórico Ultramarino) e no APEJE (Arquivo Público Estadual Jordão Emerenciano) principalmente.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-05-02T14:30:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Cecília Rocha.pdf: 3227023 bytes, checksum: 896023c18047f21ee8094c93e7e94391 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-02T14:30:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Cecília Rocha.pdf: 3227023 bytes, checksum: 896023c18047f21ee8094c93e7e94391 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / FACEPE / A diversificação e o crescimento de atividades envolvidas no sistema portuário, devido ao crescimento econômico e à expansão do comércio exterior, determinam o aumento de geração de resíduos sólidos nestes ambientes, os quais necessitam de um manejo diferenciado por apresentarem riscos à saúde pública e ao equilíbrio do ecossistema local. Assim, a pesquisa apresenta como objetivo diagnosticar o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos em ambiente portuário considerando a atual Legislação Ambiental pertinente, a partir do estudo de caso do Porto do Recife, localizado às margens dos rios Capibaribe e Beberibe na parte centro-leste da capital de Pernambuco (PE). Como metodologia adotou-se a pesquisa exploratória, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa descritiva, por meio de pesquisa de campo. Como resultados apresentam-se as atividades envolvidas na geração de resíduos sólidos, os tipos de resíduos gerados, os procedimentos adotados no manejo destes resíduos e as dificuldades encontradas no gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. O Porto do Recife caracteriza-se como um exportador de granéis sólidos e movimenta em média quase dois milhões de toneladas por ano. Uma vez que o Brasil possui os quadros institucional e regulatório complexos sobre o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em ambiente portuário, encontraram-se aspectos dessa estrutura regulatória que refletem negativamente na efetividade de tal gerenciamento. Concluiu-se que: (a) há necessidade de revisão/aprimoramento da Legislação; (b) há ausência/insuficiência de estruturas de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos provenientes das atividades portuárias; e (c) há necessidade de capacitação dos recursos humanos. Entende-se, portanto, que a necessidade de alinhamento do quadro regulatório está diretamente relacionada ao alinhamento do quadro institucional associada a uma atualização e compatibilização dos conteúdos das diferentes normativas, o que aparece como oportunidade de criar uma nova (e única) regulamentação sobre o tema, que contemple os diversos aspectos da peculiaridade portuária e os diferentes olhares das Instituições envolvidas. Da mesma forma, é necessária às boas práticas do gerenciamento a capacitação dos recursos humanos e a modernização de equipamentos utilizados para garantir a eficiência das atividades portuárias. / A diversificação e o crescimento de atividades envolvidas no sistema portuário, devido ao crescimento econômico e à expansão do comércio exterior, determinam o aumento de geração de resíduos sólidos nestes ambientes, os quais necessitam de um manejo diferenciado por apresentarem riscos à saúde pública e ao equilíbrio do ecossistema local. Assim, a pesquisa apresenta como objetivo diagnosticar o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos em ambiente portuário considerando a atual Legislação Ambiental pertinente, a partir do estudo de caso do Porto do Recife, localizado às margens dos rios Capibaribe e Beberibe na parte centro-leste da capital de Pernambuco (PE). Como metodologia adotou-se a pesquisa exploratória, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa descritiva, por meio de pesquisa de campo. Como resultados apresentam-se as atividades envolvidas na geração de resíduos sólidos, os tipos de resíduos gerados, os procedimentos adotados no manejo destes resíduos e as dificuldades encontradas no gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. O Porto do Recife caracteriza-se como um exportador de granéis sólidos e movimenta em média quase dois milhões de toneladas por ano. Uma vez que o Brasil possui os quadros institucional e regulatório complexos sobre o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em ambiente portuário, encontraram-se aspectos dessa estrutura regulatória que refletem negativamente na efetividade de tal gerenciamento. Concluiu-se que: (a) há necessidade de revisão/aprimoramento da Legislação; (b) há ausência/insuficiência de estruturas de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos provenientes das atividades portuárias; e (c) há necessidade de capacitação dos recursos humanos. Entende-se, portanto, que a necessidade de alinhamento do quadro regulatório está diretamente relacionada ao alinhamento do quadro institucional associada a uma atualização e compatibilização dos conteúdos das diferentes normativas, o que aparece como oportunidade de criar uma nova (e única) regulamentação sobre o tema, que contemple os diversos aspectos da peculiaridade portuária e os diferentes olhares das Instituições envolvidas. Da mesma forma, é necessária às boas práticas do gerenciamento a capacitação dos recursos humanos e a modernização de equipamentos utilizados para garantir a eficiência das atividades portuárias.