The essence of this diploma thesis is the design and implementation of driver for Profinet bus coupler from Phoenix Contact, which use computer's network card for communication. The proposal builds on the knowledge gained from available literature and analysis of Profinet protocol.

<p>What do you do if you are implementing a new fieldbus protocol in your embed- ded industrial system and want to test it? This was the question that a group of engineers at ABB Corporate Research was asking themselves. Normally, the easiest way would probably be to buy a matching device supporting the same protocol and hook it up to the system. You might also need some equipment to listen in on the traffic between the two, so you’d need to buy that too.</p><p>But what if you are working with a limited budget? Or what if this protocol is fairly new, and matching devices are hard to find? Or what if you want to test cases that can’t normally be achieved with normal usage?</p><p>Normally, with traditional fieldbus standards, this could be complicated. You would probably need an additional sample of your new system, with some cus- tom made test code, and use this to test the original system. This is not a bad method, but this report will give an example of the new possibilities that comes with the new Ethernet base fieldbus standards emerging on the market today. It will highlight the possibility to create a test tool for your industrial system to use on a standard PC.</p><p>”Why?” you might ask. The report suggests that this solution is cheap, fast and flexible. First of all, no special hardware was needed, which had a posi- tive impact on cost. The only thing used was a PC and some standard office equipment.</p><p>Second, once the test tool was created, new test cases was really fast and easy to make. The test tool was designed to function as a general framework for creating dynamic test sequences based on Ethernet.</p><p>Third, the tool is flexible enough to test a lot of different cases, even cases not allowed by the standard. It made it possible to test cases that would have required the use of several samples of test system simultaneously to work. Also, because Ethernet is such a well known standard, there are a lot of existing software tools at your disposal. For example, free software for capturing and analyzing the test results was used during the tests. Furthermore, since the test tool was designed to be easily extendable to handle more protocols, it is even more flexible and useable for future similar problems.</p>

What do you do if you are implementing a new fieldbus protocol in your embed- ded industrial system and want to test it? This was the question that a group of engineers at ABB Corporate Research was asking themselves. Normally, the easiest way would probably be to buy a matching device supporting the same protocol and hook it up to the system. You might also need some equipment to listen in on the traffic between the two, so you’d need to buy that too. But what if you are working with a limited budget? Or what if this protocol is fairly new, and matching devices are hard to find? Or what if you want to test cases that can’t normally be achieved with normal usage? Normally, with traditional fieldbus standards, this could be complicated. You would probably need an additional sample of your new system, with some cus- tom made test code, and use this to test the original system. This is not a bad method, but this report will give an example of the new possibilities that comes with the new Ethernet base fieldbus standards emerging on the market today. It will highlight the possibility to create a test tool for your industrial system to use on a standard PC. ”Why?” you might ask. The report suggests that this solution is cheap, fast and flexible. First of all, no special hardware was needed, which had a posi- tive impact on cost. The only thing used was a PC and some standard office equipment. Second, once the test tool was created, new test cases was really fast and easy to make. The test tool was designed to function as a general framework for creating dynamic test sequences based on Ethernet. Third, the tool is flexible enough to test a lot of different cases, even cases not allowed by the standard. It made it possible to test cases that would have required the use of several samples of test system simultaneously to work. Also, because Ethernet is such a well known standard, there are a lot of existing software tools at your disposal. For example, free software for capturing and analyzing the test results was used during the tests. Furthermore, since the test tool was designed to be easily extendable to handle more protocols, it is even more flexible and useable for future similar problems.

This master's thesis is about analysis, design and implementation of a system for shared resources reservation and its remote control. Subjects of sharing are test and development prototypes. For remote control are used I/O devices ET-7042 and SITOP PSU8600. The reader is introduced to target environment, REST application interfaces and communication standards Modbus and Profinet. The knowledge gathered is used in design and implementation of the system. The main goal of thesis is to make development and testing in lab more effective.

This paper deals with acyclic communication of Siemens Simatic S7-1200 PLCs and Sinamics drives on the Profinet industrial bus. Various possibilites of communication of the devices in accordance to the PROFIdrive profile is presented. General Proxy FBs for acyclic read/write of the drive's parameters are implemented. Together with other two FBs, that make use of acyclic communication to read the drive's fault buffer and to adjust an absolute encoder, an application with visualization for a simple positioning and for a demonstration of the Proxy FBs functionality is presented using a demo box.

This diploma thesis was created for company ICE industrial services which develops and manages PLC software for company Alcan Strojmetal Aluminium Forging, s.r.o.. The purpose of thesis is analyze software for control line of thermal processing of aluminium forgings, design and implement modifications in control software, check functions and finally wrote control of new modifications in manual.

Detta arbete har syftat till att ställa två av de större automationstillverkarna Siemens och Rockwell Automation mot varandra kring utvalda faktorer som: prestanda, kommunikation och tillgängliga mjukvaruverktyg. Studien har utformat tester på olika PLC-enheter från respektive tillverkare, redogjort för skillnader i de erbjudna kommunikationslösningarna samt analyserat mjukvaruverktygen utifrån utvalda egenskaper men också internationellt erkända standarder. Undersökningen har visat på bättre prestanda på processorer från Rockwell Automation än motsvarande från Siemens för ett givet tillämpningsområde. Vad befattar kommunikationslösningar med ethernet-teknologi har Siemens visat på bättre prestanda, stabilare kommunikation och ett mer komplett ekosystem som svarar på flera av de behov som kan uppstå i industriverksamhet. Mjukvaruverktygen från Siemens erbjuder mer objekt-orienterad funktionalitet och har visat sig betydligt mer kompatibel med den väletablerade standarden IEC 61131-3 som utformar programmeringsmetodiker för PLC-enheter och är tänkt att svara mot framtidens behov av interoperabilitet och effektivisering. Av resultaten som fåtts har en bedömning gjorts att Siemens erbjuder ett mer fördelaktigt utbud av produkter och tjänster som svarar väl mot framtidens krav. / This paper treats two competing suppliers of automation technology, Siemens and Rockwell Automation and directly compares them for a given set of factors in the following categories: performance, communication and software tools. The study consists of performance tests made on different PLC’s from these suppliers, considerations in the differences of communication technology and analysis of the programming tools according to chosen criteria’s but also by the degree of compliance with internationally established standards. The tests have shown the PLC from Rockwell Automation as having better performance for the chosen criteria (PLC’s for small to medium sized machines). Siemens offers more performance and more stable industrial ethernet communication over ProfiNET than does Rockwell Automation with EtherNet/IP. Accordingly, Siemens offers more flexibility in meeting future industrial needs. The software tools provided by Siemens offer a more object-oriented approach for programming PLC’s than equivalent tools from Rockwell Automation. TIA Portal offered by Siemens is more than twice as compliant with the internationally accepted standard IEC 61131-3 as Studio 5000 from Rockwell and in being more compliant benefits from increased interoperability and effective programming. The results show that Siemens’ products and services for automation benefits the customer in long term viability.

Este trabalho propôs o desenvolvimento e a avaliação de uma metodologia com o propósito de identificar anomalias em redes de comunicação Profinet, muito utilizadas na automação de plantas industriais. A metodologia desenvolvida está fundamentada na análise das características de comunicação do protocolo Profinet e na identificação e classificação de padrões, sendo esta, uma das principais aplicações do uso de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA). As anomalias são identificadas por meio da análise do tráfego de rede Profinet em sua fase de operação. Tais anomalias podem ser desde defeitos comuns apresentados pelos equipamentos da rede e/ou tentativas de ataques a esta, que por sua vez, podem gerar instabilidade e mau funcionamento da unidade industrial que fazem parte. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram apresentados: o detalhamento do protocolo Profinet, os mecanismos de segurança mais utilizados atualmente, os tipos de sistemas de detecção de anomalias existentes e os principais tipos de ataques em redes de comunicação conhecidos na literatura. Alguns ensaios para a validação da metodologia foram realizados, utilizando-se uma infraestrutura de rede instalada em laboratório. Ensaios com diferentes tipos de equipamentos interligados em rede foram realizados e os resultados apresentados. Como resultado final, demonstrou-se que a metodologia utilizada obteve êxito na identificação da presença ou ausência de anomalias na rede, sendo que os resultados obtidos podem ser considerados satisfatórios e condizentes às expectativas desta dissertação. Concluiu-se então que a metodologia apresentada é factível e aplicável no meio industrial, podendo ser incorporada a uma ferramenta mais abrangente, como os analisadores de redes Profinet. / This work proposed the development and evaluation of a methodology in order to identify anomalies in Profinet communication networks, widely used in the automation of industrial plants. The methodology is based on an analysis of the communication features of the Profinet protocol and identifying and pattern classification, which is one of the main applications of the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The anomalies are identified by analyzing the Profinet network traffic in its operation phase. Such anomalies can be provided by common defects in equipment in the network and / or attempted attacks to this, which in turn can cause instability and malfunction of the plant forming part. In development of this work were presented: the details of the Profinet protocol, the security mechanisms most widely used, the types of anomalies detection systems and the main types of attacks on communication networks known in the literature. Some assays to validate the method were performed, using a network infrastructure installed in the laboratory. Tests with different types of networked equipment were performed and the results presented. The final result showed that the methodology was successful in identifying the presence or absence of anomalies in the network, and the obtained results can be considered satisfactory and consistent with expectations of this paper. It was therefore concluded that this methodology is feasible and applicable in industrial environment and can be incorporated into a more comprehensive tool, such as analyzers Profinet networks.

Este trabalho propôs o desenvolvimento e a avaliação de uma metodologia com o propósito de identificar anomalias em redes de comunicação Profinet, muito utilizadas na automação de plantas industriais. A metodologia desenvolvida está fundamentada na análise das características de comunicação do protocolo Profinet e na identificação e classificação de padrões, sendo esta, uma das principais aplicações do uso de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNA). As anomalias são identificadas por meio da análise do tráfego de rede Profinet em sua fase de operação. Tais anomalias podem ser desde defeitos comuns apresentados pelos equipamentos da rede e/ou tentativas de ataques a esta, que por sua vez, podem gerar instabilidade e mau funcionamento da unidade industrial que fazem parte. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram apresentados: o detalhamento do protocolo Profinet, os mecanismos de segurança mais utilizados atualmente, os tipos de sistemas de detecção de anomalias existentes e os principais tipos de ataques em redes de comunicação conhecidos na literatura. Alguns ensaios para a validação da metodologia foram realizados, utilizando-se uma infraestrutura de rede instalada em laboratório. Ensaios com diferentes tipos de equipamentos interligados em rede foram realizados e os resultados apresentados. Como resultado final, demonstrou-se que a metodologia utilizada obteve êxito na identificação da presença ou ausência de anomalias na rede, sendo que os resultados obtidos podem ser considerados satisfatórios e condizentes às expectativas desta dissertação. Concluiu-se então que a metodologia apresentada é factível e aplicável no meio industrial, podendo ser incorporada a uma ferramenta mais abrangente, como os analisadores de redes Profinet. / This work proposed the development and evaluation of a methodology in order to identify anomalies in Profinet communication networks, widely used in the automation of industrial plants. The methodology is based on an analysis of the communication features of the Profinet protocol and identifying and pattern classification, which is one of the main applications of the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The anomalies are identified by analyzing the Profinet network traffic in its operation phase. Such anomalies can be provided by common defects in equipment in the network and / or attempted attacks to this, which in turn can cause instability and malfunction of the plant forming part. In development of this work were presented: the details of the Profinet protocol, the security mechanisms most widely used, the types of anomalies detection systems and the main types of attacks on communication networks known in the literature. Some assays to validate the method were performed, using a network infrastructure installed in the laboratory. Tests with different types of networked equipment were performed and the results presented. The final result showed that the methodology was successful in identifying the presence or absence of anomalies in the network, and the obtained results can be considered satisfactory and consistent with expectations of this paper. It was therefore concluded that this methodology is feasible and applicable in industrial environment and can be incorporated into a more comprehensive tool, such as analyzers Profinet networks.

Esta tese propõe uma metodologia de detecção de anomalias por meio da otimização da extração, seleção e classificação de características relacionadas ao tráfego de redes Real Time Ethernet (RTE). Em resumo, dois classificadores são treinados usando características que são extraídas do tráfego por meio da técnica de janela deslizante e posteriormente selecionadas de acordo com sua correlação com o evento a ser classificado. O número de características relevantes pode variar de acordo com os indicadores de desempenho de cada classificador. Reduzindo a dimensionalidade do evento a ser classificado com o menor número de características possíveis que o represente, são garantidos a redução do esforço computacional, ganho de tempo, dentre outros benefícios. Posteriormente, os classificadores são comparados em função dos indicadores de desempenho: acurácia, taxa de falsos positivos, taxa de falsos negativos, tempo de processamento e erro relativo. A metodologia proposta foi utilizada para identificar quatro diferentes eventos (três anomalias e o estado normal de operação) em redes PROFINET reais e com configurações distintas entre si; também foi aplicada em três eventos (duas anomalias e o estado normal de operação) em redes SERCOS III. O desempenho de cada classificador é analisado em suas particularidades e comparados com pesquisas correlatas. Por fim, é explorada a possibilidade de aplicação da metodologia proposta para outros protocolos baseados em RTE. / This thesis proposes an anomaly detection methodology by optimizing extraction, selection and classification of characteristics related to Real Time Ethernet (RTE) network traffic. In summary, two classifiers are trained using features which are extracted from network traffic through the sliding window technique and selected according to their correlation with the event being classified. The number of relevant characteristics could vary according to performance indicators of each classifier. Reducing the dimensionality of the event to be classified using the smallest number of characteristics which represent it, guarantees reduction in computational effort, processing time, among other benefits. The classifiers are compared according to performance indicators: accuracy, false positive rate, false negative rate, processing time and relative error. The proposed methodology was used to identify four different events (three anomalies and normal operation) in real PROFINET networks, using different configurations. It was also applied in 3 events (two anomalies and normal operation) in SERCOS III networks. The results obtained are analyzed in its particularities and compared with related research. Finally, the possibility of applying the proposed methodology for other protocols based on RTE is explored.