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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Genetic studies of colorectal cancer /

Skoglund, Johanna, January 2007 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
2

Molecular alterations in squamous cell carcinomas of the skin : emphasis on genes on chromosome 9q /

Eklund, Lena K., January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
3

The genetic contribution to stroke in northern Sweden

Janunger, Tomas, January 2010 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2010.
4

Monitoramento molecular dos transcritos BCR/ABL de pacientes com leucemia mieloide cronica em uso de imatinibe atraves da tecnica de PCR quantitativo em tempo rela (real-time) / Molecular monitoring of BCR-ABL transcripts in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib using real-time PCR

Machado, Melissa Pereira 14 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Katia Borgia Barbosa Pagnano, Afonso Celso Vigorito / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T18:14:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Machado_MelissaPereira_M.pdf: 1144638 bytes, checksum: c55a80d3cce151782b16b741b0f21149 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A leucemia mieloide crônica (LMC) e uma desordem mieloproliferativa caracterizada pela presença do cromossomo Philadelphia (Ph), resultado da fusão do gene abl e do gene bcr cujo produto e uma proteína de atividade de tirosina quinase, inibida pelo mesilato de imatinibe. O imatinibe e hoje o tratamento de primeira linha da LMC e o monitoramento molecular dos transcritos BCR-ABL e fundamental no acompanhamento dos pacientes e na detecção precoce da perda de resposta ao tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a padronização do método de PCR quantitativo (RQPCR) para o monitoramento molecular dos transcritos BCR-ABL de pacientes com LMC em tratamento com imatinibe. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue periferico de pacientes com LMC para RQ-PCR ao diagnostico e a cada três meses apos o tratamento com imatinibe. Foi utilizado o método Taqman. Como gene controle foi utilizado o ABL. Foi criada uma curva standard com diluições de 108 a 103 de um plasmideo com os transcritos b3a2 e b2a2 e com ABL. As quantificações foram feitas em duplicatas, assim como a curva standard. O threshold utilizado foi de 0,05 e a eficiência foi determinada em 99%. Os resultados foram reportados como uma relação entre BCR-ABL/ABL. Para o valor de referencia basal do laboratório foram analisadas 30 amostras de pacientes ao diagnostico, e calculada a mediana, sendo esse valor 83,66%. Resposta molecular maior (RMM) foi definida como redução dos transcritos BCR-ABL em 3 log a partir do valor basal do laboratório. Os valores foram ajustados a escala internacional, usando-se um fator de conversão de 1.19. Apos a padronização do método, foram avaliados 60 pacientes com LMC, cujas amostras foram coletadas ao diagnostico e a cada 3 meses. Respostas hematológica, citogenetica maior e citogenetica completa foram obtidas em 57 (95%), 45 (75%) e 38 (63%) dos pacientes, respectivamente. Vinte e quatro de 60 pacientes atingiram a RMM (40%), numa mediana de 8,5 meses. A sobrevida global foi superior nos pacientes com RCC (100%) vs pacientes sem RCC (77%) em 48 meses. Pacientes com RCC e com RMM tiveram uma sobrevida livre de eventos superior em relação aos pacientes que não atingiram os dois tipos de reposta (100% vs 60% respectivamente) (p= 0.007). Em resumo, neste estudo demonstramos o impacto prognostico em atingir RCC e RMM e também a importância do acompanhamento molecular nos pacientes com LMC. / Abstract: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), the result of bcr and abl gene fusion, which product is a protein with kinase activity, inhibited by imatinib. Imatinib is currently the first-line treatment of CML and molecular monitoring of BCRABL transcripts is essential in monitoring of patients and for the early detection of loss of response to treatment. The aim of this study was to standardize quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) method for molecular monitoring of BCR-ABL transcripts in patients with CML treated with imatinib. Peripheral blood samples from chronic phase patients were collected for RQ-PCR at diagnosis and every three months after treatment with imatinib. Taqman method was used for RQ-PCR. A standard curve with dilutions of 108 to 103 of a plasmid with the b3a2 and b2a2 transcripts and ABL gene, used as the control gene, was constructed. The runs were made in duplicates. The threshold used was 0.05 and the efficiency was determined as 99%. The results were reported as a BCR-ABL/ABL ratio (%). For the reference value of the baseline of the laboratory 30 samples from patients at diagnosis were quantified and the median value calculated was 83.66%. Major molecular response (MMR) was considered a three log reduction from the baseline value. MMR values were adjusted to international scale, using a conversion factor of 1.19. After standardization, BCR-ABL levels of 60 CML patients in chronic phase treated with imatinib were measured at diagnosis and then every three months. Hematological, major cytogenetic and complete cytogenetic responses were achieved in 57 (95%), 45 (75%) and 38 (63%) patients, respectively. Twenty-four out of 60 patients achieved a MMR (40%), in a median time of 8.5 months. Overall survival was superior for patients with CCR (100%) versus patients with no CCR (77%) (p= 0.01) in 48 months. Patients with CCR and with MMR had a superior event free-survival (EFS) in comparison with patients with CCR and no MMR (p= 0.007). In conclusion, we could demonstrate the prognostic impact of achieving CCR and a major molecular response and also the importance of molecular monitoring in the follow-up of CML patients. / Mestrado / Ciencias Medicas / Mestre em Clinica Medica
5

Estudo da deleção do cromossomo 9p como fator prognóstico no carcinoma renal tipo células claras localizado / Study of chromosome 9p deletion as a prognostic factor in localized renal cell clear cell carcinoma

Gomes, Daniel de Oliveira 18 October 2013 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A deleção do cromossomo 9p tem sido encontrada em 14 a 36% dos pacientes com carcinoma renal tipo células claras (CRCC) e está associado a tumores de alto grau, estágio avançado, presença de metástases linfonodais e sistêmicas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar se a deleção do cromossomo 9p é fator preditor independente de pior sobrevida livre de recorrência e câncer-específica em pacientes com CRCC localizado. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo de coorte retrospectivo, amostras tumorais de 94 pacientes com CRCC NX-0 M0, submetidos à nefrectomia radical ou cirurgia renal conservadora, foram analisadas através das técnicas de microarranjo tecidual e hibridização in situ com fluorescência. RESULTADOS: O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 11,6 anos e a deleção do 9p foi encontrada em cerca de 15% dos casos. A sobrevida câncer específica estimada em 5 e 10 anos foi respectivamente de 99% e 96% nos pacientes sem a referida perda cromossômica e de 71% e 57% naqueles com perda do 9p (p < 0,001). A deleção do cromossomo 9p foi fator prognóstico independente na análise multivariada, aumentando o risco de morte pela doença em 28x (IC 95% 5-155, p < 0,001). Tal deleção foi o preditor mais importante de mortalidade câncer específica, superior a qualquer fator patológico analisado, inclusive ao tamanho tumoral. Em pacientes com baixo risco de progressão, isto é, baixo escore SSIGN (0-2), baixo risco segundo a UISS e baixo risco segundo a Tríade Patológica da USP, tumores deletados do 9p estão significativamente associados com pior sobrevida câncer-específica em 10 anos: respectivamente 70%, 67% e 67% versus 98%, 97% e 98% naqueles sem a perda do 9p. CONCLUSÃO: A deleção do cromossomo 9p estabelece independentemente um pior prognóstico para pacientes com CRCC localizado, fornece informação clínica relevante adicional e pode aperfeiçoar a habilidade preditora dos principais sistemas prognósticos atuais / INTRODUCTION: Deletion of chromosome 9p has been found in 14-36% of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and is associated with high grade tumors, advanced tumor stage, presence of lymph node involvement and metastases. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether deletion of chromosome 9p is an independent predictor of worse recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival in patients with localized ccRCC. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, tumor samples of 94 patients with NX-0 M0 ccRCC undergoing radical nephrectomy or renal conservative surgery, were analyzed using tissue microarray and fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 11.6 years and 9p deletion was found in near 15% of cases. Estimated cancer-specific survival at 5 and 10 years was, respectively, 99% and 96% in patients without such chromosomal loss and 71% and 57% in those with 9p loss (p < 0.001). Deletion of chromosome 9p is an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis, increasing the risk of disease-specific death in 28x (95% CI 5-155, p < 0.001). This deletion was the strongest predictor of cancer-specific mortality, superior to any analysed pathological factor, including tumor size. In patients at low risk of progression, namely low score (0-2) SSIGN, low risk UISS and low risk USP Pathological Triad, 9p-deleted tumors were associated with worse 10 years cancer-specific survival: respectively 70%, 67% and 67% versus 98%, 97% and 98% in those with no 9p loss. CONCLUSIONS: Deletion of chromosome 9p independently establishes a worse prognosis for patients with localized ccRCC, provides relevant additional clinical information and can improve the predictive ability of the main current prognostic models
6

Estudo da deleção do cromossomo 9p como fator prognóstico no carcinoma renal tipo células claras localizado / Study of chromosome 9p deletion as a prognostic factor in localized renal cell clear cell carcinoma

Daniel de Oliveira Gomes 18 October 2013 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A deleção do cromossomo 9p tem sido encontrada em 14 a 36% dos pacientes com carcinoma renal tipo células claras (CRCC) e está associado a tumores de alto grau, estágio avançado, presença de metástases linfonodais e sistêmicas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar se a deleção do cromossomo 9p é fator preditor independente de pior sobrevida livre de recorrência e câncer-específica em pacientes com CRCC localizado. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo de coorte retrospectivo, amostras tumorais de 94 pacientes com CRCC NX-0 M0, submetidos à nefrectomia radical ou cirurgia renal conservadora, foram analisadas através das técnicas de microarranjo tecidual e hibridização in situ com fluorescência. RESULTADOS: O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 11,6 anos e a deleção do 9p foi encontrada em cerca de 15% dos casos. A sobrevida câncer específica estimada em 5 e 10 anos foi respectivamente de 99% e 96% nos pacientes sem a referida perda cromossômica e de 71% e 57% naqueles com perda do 9p (p < 0,001). A deleção do cromossomo 9p foi fator prognóstico independente na análise multivariada, aumentando o risco de morte pela doença em 28x (IC 95% 5-155, p < 0,001). Tal deleção foi o preditor mais importante de mortalidade câncer específica, superior a qualquer fator patológico analisado, inclusive ao tamanho tumoral. Em pacientes com baixo risco de progressão, isto é, baixo escore SSIGN (0-2), baixo risco segundo a UISS e baixo risco segundo a Tríade Patológica da USP, tumores deletados do 9p estão significativamente associados com pior sobrevida câncer-específica em 10 anos: respectivamente 70%, 67% e 67% versus 98%, 97% e 98% naqueles sem a perda do 9p. CONCLUSÃO: A deleção do cromossomo 9p estabelece independentemente um pior prognóstico para pacientes com CRCC localizado, fornece informação clínica relevante adicional e pode aperfeiçoar a habilidade preditora dos principais sistemas prognósticos atuais / INTRODUCTION: Deletion of chromosome 9p has been found in 14-36% of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and is associated with high grade tumors, advanced tumor stage, presence of lymph node involvement and metastases. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether deletion of chromosome 9p is an independent predictor of worse recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival in patients with localized ccRCC. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, tumor samples of 94 patients with NX-0 M0 ccRCC undergoing radical nephrectomy or renal conservative surgery, were analyzed using tissue microarray and fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 11.6 years and 9p deletion was found in near 15% of cases. Estimated cancer-specific survival at 5 and 10 years was, respectively, 99% and 96% in patients without such chromosomal loss and 71% and 57% in those with 9p loss (p < 0.001). Deletion of chromosome 9p is an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis, increasing the risk of disease-specific death in 28x (95% CI 5-155, p < 0.001). This deletion was the strongest predictor of cancer-specific mortality, superior to any analysed pathological factor, including tumor size. In patients at low risk of progression, namely low score (0-2) SSIGN, low risk UISS and low risk USP Pathological Triad, 9p-deleted tumors were associated with worse 10 years cancer-specific survival: respectively 70%, 67% and 67% versus 98%, 97% and 98% in those with no 9p loss. CONCLUSIONS: Deletion of chromosome 9p independently establishes a worse prognosis for patients with localized ccRCC, provides relevant additional clinical information and can improve the predictive ability of the main current prognostic models
7

Frequent p16-independent inactivation of p14ARF in human melanoma

Freedberg, D.E., Rigas, S.H., Russak, J., Gai, W., Kaplow, M., Osman, I., Turner, F., Randerson-Moor, J.A., Houghton, A., Busam, K., Bishop, D.T., Bastian, B.C., Newton-Bishop, J.A., Polsky, D. January 2008 (has links)
No / BACKGROUND: The tumor suppressors p14(ARF) (ARF) and p16(INK4A) (p16) are encoded by overlapping reading frames at the CDKN2A/INK4A locus on chromosome 9p21. In human melanoma, the accumulated evidence has suggested that the predominant tumor suppressor at 9p21 is p16, not ARF. However, recent observations from melanoma-prone families and murine melanoma models suggest a p16-independent tumor suppressor role for ARF. We analyzed a group of melanoma metastases and cell lines to investigate directly whether somatic alterations to the ARF gene support its role as a p16-independent tumor suppressor in human melanoma, assuming that two alterations (genetic and/or epigenetic) would be required to inactivate a gene. METHODS: We examined the p16/ARF locus in 60 melanoma metastases from 58 patients and in 9 human melanoma cell lines using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect deletions, methylation-specific PCR to detect promoter methylation, direct sequencing to detect mutations affecting ARF and p16, and, in a subset of 20 tumors, immunohistochemistry to determine the effect of these alterations on p16 protein expression. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: We observed two or more alterations to the ARF gene in 26/60 (43%) metastases. The p16 gene sustained two or more alterations in 13/60 (22%) metastases (P = .03). Inactivation of ARF in the presence of wild-type p16 was seen in 18/60 (30%) metastases. CONCLUSION: Genetic and epigenetic analyses of the human 9p21 locus indicate that modifications of ARF occur independently of p16 inactivation in human melanoma and suggest that ARF is more frequently inactivated than p16.

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