Der Beitrag beleuchtet verschiedene vornationalsozialistische Denkmuster in Eugenik und Psychiatrie als Schrittmacher wissenschaftlicher Entmenschlichung und politischer Massentötung nach 1933. / The article discusses various pre-National Socialist paradigms in eugenics and psychiatry in their role as catalysts for scientific dehumanisation and political mass homicide after 1933.

No description available.

Functional and reactive programming patterns provide powerful sets of tools for dealing with complexity and scalability. These stand in stark contrast to the imperative programming patterns which permeate the industry. This report seeks to investigate the extent to which a set of common imperative programming languages can be used to implement such functional and reactive patterns, and what the implications of doing so are. This is done by implementing and using a framework based on such patterns in Java, Kotlin, Objective-C, and Swift. The results show that this is possible in all of these languages, but the extent to which this can be considered idiomatic is questionable. Upholding immutability and referential transparency is highlighted as the main source of concern in this regard. / Funktionella och reaktiva programmeringsmönster förser utvecklare med kraftfulla abstraktioner för att hantera komplexitet och skalbarhet. Dagens industri förlitar sig dock till en majoritet på imperativa programspråk, där dessa mönster inte nödvändigtvis kan utnyttjas. Syftet med denna rapport är därför att undersöka hur sådana mönster kan tillämpas i imperativa programspråk. Detta görs genom att studera implementationen och användandet av ett ramverk för funktionell och reaktiv programmering i fyra programspråk: Java, Kotlin, Objective-C och Swift. Rapporten finner att de mönster undersökta i denna rapport går att implementera med existerande språkfunktioner för alla dessa språk, men frågan om detta kan anses idiomatiskt är oklar. Det huvudsakliga problemet är att säkerställa att funktioner skrivs utan sidoeffekter och att datastrukturerna som används inte är muterbara.

No description available.

This dissertation is a fundamental critique of the Western discourse using an Afrocentric critical reading of major Western constructions of knowledge. As such the study examines both the origins and dehumanizing consequences of the European project of Modernity. The study departs from the thesis that Afrocentricity, a philosophical paradigm conceptually rooted in African cultures and values, brings renewed ethical and social significance to a sustained project of human agency, liberation, and equality. Thus the dissertation explores how each major Western idea is understood within the context of the revolutionary philosophical paradigm and epistemological theory of social change. Concepts like individualism, domination, colonialism, race and ethnicity, universalism, progress and supremacy that Molefi Kete Asante calls the “infrastructures of dominance and privilege” are reviewed against the backdrop of agency, community, commonality, cultural centeredness, and ma’at. Indeed, employing critical ideas from the works of Afrocentrists this study highlights the inadequacy of Westernity in overcoming the various forms of oppression. Modernism, Marxism, Existentialism, Feminism, Post-modernism, and Post-colonialism, are addressed in dialogue with Afrocentricity as an exploratory part of a two-way relationship between theoretical understanding and practice which challenges established and hegemonic approaches to knowledge. In fact, the study argues for a rational approach to conceptual “rupture” that would allow the scholar to navigate the shattered ideologies of Western thought, and to contribute to the exposure of the imperialistic ambitions that worked at the backstage of the political and economic philosophies of Europe since the early fifteen century. In effect, the dissertation can be viewed as an intellectual journey moving from an epistemological location in Western epistemology towards an Afrocentric paradigm and theory of knowledge in the quest to defeat the inhuman. Ultimately, the aim is the search for a more humanistic and ideologically less polluted mind and for a more human humanity. / African American Studies

This case study investigated the ethic of the profession, one of the four ethical frameworks used for ethical decision-making in education. Typically, this line of research is applied to school administrators; however, this investigation extended this research to teacher leaders by examining their daily practice. Out of a pool of thirty-six respondents, nine teachers were chosen to participate in the study. These teacher leaders were employed in urban, exurban, and suburban school districts, with experience levels varying from three to thirty-three years. Participants were required to complete the following: the Self-Assessment to Assess Readiness for Leadership, creation of personal code of ethics, and the creation of professional code of ethics. An in-depth interview to discuss the codes, and clashes between codes was conducted, as well as a second interview to address an ethical dilemma identified by the participants. Categorical analysis was used to recognize recurring themes. A conceptual model of the decision-making process was developed to explain the phenomena observed in these data. In addition, recurring themes were identified through analysis of the interview data. Themes included a prevailing concern for fairness, student welfare, educational equality, safety, and student discipline. When responding to critical events that triggered ethical dilemmas, these participants habitually used their personal and professional codes of ethics to determine a course of action. Participants exhibited a sophisticated decision-making approach which moved participants past the reliance on one ethical frame of justice, critique, or care, into the use of multiple paradigms to solve ethical dilemmas. In the final analyses, the ethic of the profession was demonstrated by these nine teacher leaders through reflection and reliance on personal and professional codes of ethics, and by placing students at the center of the ethical decision-making process. / Educational Administration

Despite the large body of research in Psychology concerning human planning and problem-solving both by adults and children, the study of planning and problem-solving in the field of Artificial Intelligence has proceeded along its own development with very little concurrent exploration of the methods people use to plan and solve problems. Some of the classic planning programs are unable to solve problems which are trivial for children, and it may be that by exploration of the methods children use we will discover certain heuristics which can be incorporated into AI planning paradigms. This thesis explores this possibility. Children aged 3 to 5 years were recorded performing a block-stacking task which simulates the type of problem given to planners to test their efficiency. The data were analyzed in order to determine those heuristics which are common to planners and children as well as those which are unique to the children. Based on this analysis, the psychological validity of the planning programs are evaluated. / Master of Arts

The purpose of this pragmatic sequential mixed-method study was to explore theimpact of the ethical paradigms on the decision-making process of school leaders during a time of crisis. The goal of this research study was to gather data about how school leaders make decisions during crises and to identify what ethical paradigms they are employing in their leadership during these times. This study focused on decision-making during crisis situations in school settingsthat involve violence. The research was conducted during the end of the Coronavirus pandemic (Spring 2023) with school leaders in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Therefore, school leaders were given an opportunity to share their experience leading through the Coronavirus pandemic (crisis situation), including the impact on them and their school communities. The quantitative data collected through the anonymous survey provided the breadth of data to answer the research questions. The survey gathered data from school leaders on their educational backgrounds, leadership preparation, job- embedded professional development, leadership experience, and preparedness on crisis management. The survey provided leaders with an opportunity through an embedded link to volunteer for a follow-up interview. The qualitative data collected through the follow- up interviews provided data on the depth of experiences of school leaders and how they were trained both during their leadership preparation programs and through job- embedded professional development offerings. The findings from this research study highlighted the gaps in crisis managementpreparation for school leaders. The findings also shed light on the needs of school leaders to be successful in making decisions and leading their school communities during and after a time of crisis. Additionally, the data from this study showed that school leaders primarily make decisions out of the ethical paradigms of care and the profession. The findings from this study are intended to be used to inform both policy and practice of how school leaders are trained and supported in leading their school communities through crises. / Educational Leadership

Yes / The aim of this review is to create awareness about uses of available social research methods and to provide a guideline in adopting appropriate methods specifically in qualitative and mixed methods research genre. Based on the review of contemporary social research methods I believe that mixed methods research produces more accurate results than relying on either qualitative or quantitative methods alone in explaining complex social issues. This paper contributes to the methodological literature in two areas. First, create awareness among social researchers and students about the available research methods in order to help them to adopt suitable research designs in addressing their particular research questions. Second, encourage scholars from all disciplines to theorize further, especially in the field of mixed methods, and engage in a dialogue in order to improve methodological appropriateness for future research in social sciences. / Please Note: The "Publication Date" of 2005 is the date added to the Bradford Scholars Repository. The paper was presented at the Annual PhD Conference, University of Bradford School of Management in June 2014.

Advanced technologies have made their way into the digitalisation process of many work environments, thereby inevitably changing therole technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and robotisation will start to play in future work environments. This thesis seeks answersto the question of how we can effectively understand the future role of technology in our digital work environment, with its main researchquestion being: How can the future role of Artificial Intelligence and social robots in a digitalised work environment be understood froma higher education perspective? The research includes a structured literature review on the current implications of digitalisation in workenvironments, a thematic analysis for patterns in the literature, and the futuring method covering several future scenarios related to twomain technological trends: Artificial Intelligence and robotisation. The outcomes of the futuring method translated to storyboards, formingthe basis for two discussions with university students, and providing important future perspectives on the before mentioned technologicaltrends. Findings emphasise the benefits of discussions of this kind; that they leverage how one now understands, and inherently definesand expects the use of AI and robot technologies in a digital work environment context. The future perspectives from the discussionsconsider primarily the factors of emotion, empathy, feelings and lived experiences, that discern and define the role of AI and robots in thephysical, cognitive and social-organisational dimensions of the digitalised work environment. / <p></p><p></p>