This thesis is the product of our concerns about the significant repercussions caused by parental alienation, mainly the irreversible severing of the affective bond. The researcher recognizes that parental alienation is a social product that commonly is a part of the family dynamics occurring when couples separate. Mothers and fathers dissatisfied by the separation, use their minor children as an instrument to attack their ex husband‟s or wives‟ without considering that children are legally dependent and still developing. It was verified that this alienating practice is an interdisciplinary theme of legal interest (given that it emerges within the legal system and translates into a conflict of interests requiring state intervention) and therefore developing into a psychological conflict. Thus, from an interdisciplinary perspective the researcher seeks to understand the phenomena based on the experience and the work of judiciary psychologists who focus in the legal system (family court). The sample was derived from reports provided by these professionals and subsequently a transversal and qualitative study was conducted based on relevant literature. Testimonials from people who experienced the alienating process were also used, allowing us to observe the anxiety and suffering triggered by parental alienation. Throughout the study the researcher listed determining characteristics (such as unprocessed mourning), as well as, problems encountered by people involved in the context (for example, legal morosity). It should be noted that our analysis focused primarily on the child as a person whose personality is still developing. This fact pressures parents to accept responsibly their parental role in order to promote healthy emotional development of their children. Thus, throughout the study the researcher highlighted the need for parents to be mature, in order to distinguish between conjugal and parental responsibility, given that parental alienation has as a factor the need to differentiate between these two obligations. The researcher observed that the family dynamics carries with it peculiar characteristics requiring joint intervention of legal and psychological professional possessing special abilities in family mediation. In addition to jurisprudence that clearly states the role of the state psychotherapy is mentioned and family mediation are considered possible alternatives to assist in dealing with and promoting effective and operative restoration of social peace. The researcher also suggest that the afore mentioned professionals work with parents stressing the need to distinguish between parental and conjugal responsibility and that parents clearly understand that a child needs to live with both a father and a mother ( each one occupying effectively their parental function thus contributing to the full development of the child). Finally, the research suggests that only joint interdisciplinary cooperation of the professionals involved in an understanding that is broader than judicial norms is it possible to face and inhibit in a coherent and effective manner the existing alienating practice. / Esta dissertação é fruto de nossas inquietações acerca das intensas repercussões geradas pela alienação parental, principalmente no que se refere à quebra irreversível do vínculo afetivo. Reconhecemos que a alienação parental é uma produção social que comumente tem acompanhado a dinâmica familiar de casais após o término da união conjugal. Pais e mães, inconformados com a dissolução conjugal, utilizam os filhos menores como instrumentos para atacar o ex-consorte, sem minimamente considerá-los como pessoas juridicamente hipossuficientes e em pleno desenvolvimento. A prática alienativa é uma temática interdisciplinar que interessa ao direito (porque é um fato que eclode no Judiciário e traduz em um conflito de interesses que exige a força coativa estatal) e à ciência psi (pois traduz em um conflito de ordem psíquica). Assim, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar, propomos compreendê-la a partir da experiência e atuação de psicólogos judiciários que militam no âmbito forense (nas Varas de Família). A amostra foi composta de relatos proferidos por esses profissionais à qual incidiu posteriormente um estudo transversal e qualitativo dirigido por uma literatura específica. Utilizamos, também, depoimentos de pessoas que vivenciam a prática alienativa, o que nos permitiu perceber toda a angústia e o sofrimento que a alienação parental desencadeia. Na trajetória da pesquisa buscamos elencar características que a determinam (tais como o luto não processado), como também problemas que pessoas envolvidas nesse contexto enfrentam (por exemplo, a morosidade judiciária). Salientamos que a nossa compreensão tem como foco principal a criança como uma pessoa em formação de personalidade, fato que pressiona os pais no sentido de que assumam, de forma responsável, os seus lugares parentais em prol da promoção do saudável desenvolvimento emocional dos infantes. Nesses termos, durante a pesquisa destacamos a necessidade de os pais terem a maturidade para distinguir a conjugalidade e a parentalidade, haja vista que a alienação parental tem como um de seus fatores desencadeantes essa não diferenciação. Constatamos, ainda, que a mencionada dinâmica familiar porta peculiaridades e características que demandam uma atuação conjunta dos profissionais do direito e da ciência psi, os quais devem possuir conhecimento e habilidade específicos. Aliado à incidência jurisdicional que explicita a coação estatal, mencionamos a psicoterapia e a mediação familiar como alternativas que podem auxiliar na resolução da lide e promover a efetiva e operante restauração da paz social. Propomos que a atuação dos profissionais do direito e da ciência psi se direcione para a conscientização dos pais acerca da necessidade de distinção da parentalidade e da conjugalidade e de que eles reconheçam, de fato, que a criança necessita conviver com ambos, pai e mãe (cada um ocupando, efetivamente, a sua precípua função parental em prol do pleno desenvolvimento infantil). Enfim, o estudo nos sugeriu que somente com o trabalho conjunto e interdisciplinar dos mencionados profissionais, numa visão que ultrapassa a mera subsunção do fato à norma jurídica, é possível enfrentar e inibir de forma operante e efetiva a prática alienativa. / Mestre em Psicologia

Com o crescente número de separações e divórcios verificados nas últimas décadas no Brasil e no mundo assistiu-se, também, a um exponencial aumento nas disputas envolvendo a guarda dos filhos menores e o direito de visitas. Essa situação de grave conflito familiar se mostra solo fértil para o acirramento de ânimos das partes, que frequentemente não são capazes de perceber que a falência do seu relacionamento conjugal em nada altera sua relação parental com os filhos comuns. Nesse cenário, em que as desavenças familiares já chegaram aos umbrais do Judiciário, não raro se verifica a tentativa, notadamente movida por sentimentos de vingança, de se afastar o genitor não-guardião dos seus filhos, através de táticas e manobras geralmente levadas a cabo pelo genitor guardião aptas a efetivar tal distanciamento. A essa conduta se deu o nome de Alienação Parental, tema abordado pelo legislador brasileiro através da Lei 12.318, de 2010, que estabelece a reprovação estatal à conduta alienadora e fornece ao julgador elementos para identificá-la e repreendê-la. O presente trabalho visa, dessa maneira, por meio da análise dos estudos já realizados acerca da Alienação Parental e da Síndrome da Alienação Parental, identificar na conduta alienadora a configuração de verdadeiro abuso moral cometido contra a criança e o adolescente, por atentar contra o seu fundamental direito à convivência familiar com ambos os genitores. / With the increasing number of separations and divorces in recent decades in Brazil and throughout the world there was also an exponential increase of disputes involving custody of the children and visitation rights. This situation of severe family conflict provides fertile ground to the intensification of hostilities between the parties, who often fail to realize that their connubial relationships failure does not change their parental relationship with the mutual children. In this scenario, in which family quarrels have already reached the threshold of the judiciary, one can often see the attempt, notably motivated by feelings of revenge, to separate the non-custodial parent from his (her) children, through tactics and maneuvers usually carried out by the custodial parent that are able to accomplish such an estrangement. This behavior was named Parental Alienation, a subject addressed by the Brazilian act n. 12.318 of 2010, which established the state disapproval of the alienating actions and allowed the judge to identify and admonish them. Therefore, the present work aims, through the analysis of existing studies about Parental Alienation and Parental Alienation Syndrome, to consider alienating behaviors as a genuine form of moral abuse against children and adolescents, by undermining its fundamental right to family with both parents.

1 Summary Assisted contact with children The aim of my thesis is to describe the new phenomenon of social work i.e an assisted contact with children. In the theoretical part I focused on areas that are connected with parent-child assisted contact, and that parents solve the most often. I gave a definition of parental responsibility and interests of the child, which are described in legislation or conventions. In relation to this, I focused on divorce, and what defense mechanisms can a child have on the disintegration of the family, and how it is able to come to terms with this new reality. Also, what may happen if the child is refused to see the other parent after the divorce. I described parental alienation syndrome, which is related to this topic. Furthermore, I described the possibilities of solving problematic parent-child contact (parents agreement, court rulings and family mediation). I also defined assisted contact. Under what circumstances it occurs, what are its types, functions and its development. Following are examples of organizations dealing with assisted contact. Possible examples of solutions of problematic relationship between the parents that were implemented successfully abroad. In the practical part, I conducted a survey using an anonymous questionnaire. I mapped the opinion of experts,...

The diploma thesis deals with assisted contacts of parents and children in the Czech Republic. A functioning family is essential for a child's successful development and future life. Today, many families live where stability and well-functioning family relationships are not a matter of course. Family breakdowns are becoming a more common reality that not only adults but also children have to deal with and learn to live with. In today's world we can find many forms of family. A situation where a child grows up with only one parent may in some cases be more convenient than living in a dysfunctional conflicting family that does not provide the child with enough love. Nevertheless, the child is affected by this fact. The parents' attitude in how they deal with divorce or separation represents an important factor for successful development of a child.. If the parents manage to explain the situation clearly and appropriately, given the age to the child, or whether the parents manipulate the child and draw them into their problems, the child perceives it all. This manipulation can take place in the form of so-called child programming. The way parents appear in front of their children, how they communicate with each other and whether they vent their problems in front of their children will fundamentally...

Parental alienation is described as a child’s unreasonable rejection of one parent due to the influence of the other parent combined with the child’s own contributions. This phenomenon arises mainly in families of divorce where elevated levels of parental conflict, and care and contact disputes lead to increased tension and antagonism between the parties. The perspectives of family counsellors, who conduct assessments of children from families of divorce to make best-interest assessments for contact and care arrangements or to formulate and implement interventions, on parental alienation, were explored in this qualitative study. A literature study was undertaken to define parental alienation and to place the phenomenon in a South African context, specifically with reference to children’s legislature, and care and contact issues. From this, a theoretical framework for the study was constructed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight family counsellors in the Western Cape to explore their experience of the problem. Seven themes were identified, by which the perspectives of family counsellors regarding parental alienation were described in detail. The themes are: Theme 1: Parental alienation during divorce Theme 2: Characteristic properties of parental alienation Theme 3: False accusations during parental alienation Theme 4: Assessing for parental alienation Theme 5: Interventions for parental alienation Theme 6: Parental alienation in the judicial context Theme 7: Needs of family counsellors regarding parental alienation / Psychology / M. Diac. (Spelterapie)

Parental alienation is described as a child’s unreasonable rejection of one parent due to the influence of the other parent combined with the child’s own contributions. This phenomenon arises mainly in families of divorce where elevated levels of parental conflict, and care and contact disputes lead to increased tension and antagonism between the parties. The perspectives of family counsellors, who conduct assessments of children from families of divorce to make best-interest assessments for contact and care arrangements or to formulate and implement interventions, on parental alienation, were explored in this qualitative study. A literature study was undertaken to define parental alienation and to place the phenomenon in a South African context, specifically with reference to children’s legislature, and care and contact issues. From this, a theoretical framework for the study was constructed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight family counsellors in the Western Cape to explore their experience of the problem. Seven themes were identified, by which the perspectives of family counsellors regarding parental alienation were described in detail. The themes are: Theme 1: Parental alienation during divorce Theme 2: Characteristic properties of parental alienation Theme 3: False accusations during parental alienation Theme 4: Assessing for parental alienation Theme 5: Interventions for parental alienation Theme 6: Parental alienation in the judicial context Theme 7: Needs of family counsellors regarding parental alienation / Psychology / M. Diac. (Spelterapie)

A família pressupõe um reduto de felicidade. Quando se dá a ruptura do afeto, é comum a ocorrência da alienação parental. Esse é um fenômeno que sempre aconteceu, mas recentemente passou a ser objeto de estudo dos doutrinadores, operadores do direito e das pessoas vítimas de tal prática. A alienação parental se verifica quando um dos genitores, em meio a uma disputa, usa os filhos para atingir, desqualificar e/ou se vingar do outro genitor. A prática de atos alienadores surge mais comumente com o fim do relacionamento do casal (pais). Vários juristas, psicólogos e assistentes sociais estão se adaptando ao reconhecimento e identificação desse comportamento que, se efetivamente concretizado, recebe o nome de síndrome da alienação parental. Os profissionais envolvidos com o tema buscam formas de evitar que o filho seja novamente vitimado pelo fim do relacionamento dos pais. Além de estudar a figura novel da alienação parental, buscou-se compreender as previsões contidas na Lei de Alienação Parental de n.º 12.318, sancionada em 26 de agosto de 2010, mostrar que a prática da alienação fere a dignidade da pessoa humana, viola sobremaneira os direitos da personalidade dos filhos e do genitor alienado, em especial, o direito à convivência familiar. Buscou-se também identificar as medidas que podem ser aplicadas para evitar e reprimir alienação parental, especialmente as relacionadas ao planejamento familiar, ao exercício da paternidade responsável, ao uso da guarda compartilhada e ao acompanhamento terapêutico. Por fim buscou-se avaliar as possibilidades de responsabilização do alienador, por meio de tutela inibitória ou ressarcitória. Estudos a respeito do tema começaram nos Estados Unidos, em seguida, na Europa, recentemente no Brasil, todos feitos inicialmente com base nos artigos e escritos de Richard Gardner e Françoise Podevyn. A produção doutrinária e jurisprudencial no Brasil sobre o tema ainda é tímida, sendo também objetivo deste estudo aprofundar a temática e produzir material doutrinário a respeito do assunto. / Family presupposes a stronghold of happiness. When affection ends, parental alienation typically ensues; this is a situation that has always occurred, albeit only recently has it become a matter studied by jurists, law practitioners and victims of such practice. Parental alienation occurs when a parent, amid some dispute, uses his or her children to hit, disqualify and/or take vengeance on the other. Alienating actions are most commonly exercised upon the end of the relationship (parents). Several jurists, psychologists and social workers have adapted to recognizing and identifying this behavior which, if effectively put into practice, is referred to as parental alienation syndrome. Professionals dedicated to studying this issue look for ways to prevent the child from being victimized again by the end of his/her parents failed relationship. In addition to examining the new legal issue of parental alienation, one has sought to understand the provisions set forth by Brazilian Parental Alienation Act No. 12318, sanctioned on August 26th 2010, by demonstrating that alienation violates personal dignity, strongly infringes not only the childrens but also the alienated parents individual rights, not to mention the right to family life. One has also attempted to determine the actions that allow for avoiding and restraining parental alienation, particularly those connected with family planning, joint custody and therapeutic monitoring. Finally, one assessed the likelihood of holding the alienating parent liable, by means of inhibiting or compensatory remedies. Studies on this subject matter started developing in the United States, then in Europe, and only recently in Brazil, and all of them were based on the articles and papers drafted by Richard Gardner and Françoise Podevyn. In Brazil, scholarly writing and case law on this subject has yet to become prolific, wherefor this present study also aims at producing academic material on the matter as well as deepening the analysis thereof.

A Alienação Parental é percebida como fenômeno que surge no seio de famílias em conflito de guarda, principalmente no âmbito judicial, e que há pouco tempo tornou-se foco de estudos científicos no campo de atuação da Psicologia, da Psiquiatria e do Direito. Nesse contexto, são necessárias pesquisas e discussões acerca da temática, de forma a contribuir para um maior aprofundamento na prática da Psicologia Clínica, assim como no âmbito do Judiciário, visando aos meios de prevenção e promoção do bem-estar integral da criança e do adolescente vitimados pela Alienação Parental. A presente pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, teve por objetivo compreender as consequências da Síndrome de Alienação Parental (SAP) no núcleo familiar, através do olhar de profissionais da Psicologia e do Serviço Social que lidam com o tema. O instrumento para a coleta de dados, foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Participaram da pesquisa três Psicólogos(as), e três Assistentes Sociais peritos, vinculados ao Poder Judiciário de Pernambuco. Os dados foram analisados através da análise temática descrita por Minayo, possibilitando compreender os significados das falas dos entrevistados, de acordo com os objetivos propostos. Os principais resultados apontam para uma ação desenvolvida de forma gradativa, por parte dos profissionais, com a finalidade de emitir um parecer que busque esclarecer o contexto familiar em que a criança está inserida, e que se preocupe com a forma de atuação dos peritos, visando proteger a criança e/ou adolescente das consequências de uma separação mal elaborada. / Parental Alienation is a phenomenon that borns within the family when they have any custody conflict, mainly in the judicial sphere, that in a short period became focus of cientific studies in Psychology, Psychiatry and Law. In this context, some searches and discutions about this subject are needed, to contribute to a further deepening in practice of Clinic Psychology as Judicial scope, aiming ways of prevention and promotion of total welfare of childs and teenagers victims of Parental Alienation. This research is qualitative aimed to understand the consequences of Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) in the family, through the eyes of Professional Psychology and Social Work dealing with the subject. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured interview. Participants were three Psychologists and three Social Service experts, linked to the Judiciary of Pernambuco. The data was analyzed using Minayos thematic, enabling to understand the meaning of speech of interviewees according to the proposed objectives. The main results point to a program developed gradually, by professionals, for the purpose of issuing an opinion that seeks to clarify the family context in which children are inserted, and not worry about the way it operates of experts in order protect the child and / or adolescent from the consequences of a bad breakup elaborate.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ana_katarina_leimig_saraiva.pdf: 897817 bytes, checksum: f3e9e0592156a25ae707949c2df5d3dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-25 / Parental Alienation is a phenomenon that borns within the family when they have any custody conflict, mainly in the judicial sphere, that in a short period became focus of cientific studies in Psychology, Psychiatry and Law. In this context, some searches and discutions about this subject are needed, to contribute to a further deepening in practice of Clinic Psychology as Judicial scope, aiming ways of prevention and promotion of total welfare of childs and teenagers victims of Parental Alienation. This research is qualitative aimed to understand the consequences of Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) in the family, through the eyes of Professional Psychology and Social Work dealing with the subject. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured interview. Participants were three Psychologists and three Social Service experts, linked to the Judiciary of Pernambuco. The data was analyzed using Minayo s thematic, enabling to understand the meaning of speech of interviewees according to the proposed objectives. The main results point to a program developed gradually, by professionals, for the purpose of issuing an opinion that seeks to clarify the family context in which children are inserted, and not worry about the way it operates of experts in order protect the child and / or adolescent from the consequences of a bad breakup elaborate. / A Alienação Parental é percebida como fenômeno que surge no seio de famílias em conflito de guarda, principalmente no âmbito judicial, e que há pouco tempo tornou-se foco de estudos científicos no campo de atuação da Psicologia, da Psiquiatria e do Direito. Nesse contexto, são necessárias pesquisas e discussões acerca da temática, de forma a contribuir para um maior aprofundamento na prática da Psicologia Clínica, assim como no âmbito do Judiciário, visando aos meios de prevenção e promoção do bem-estar integral da criança e do adolescente vitimados pela Alienação Parental. A presente pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, teve por objetivo compreender as consequências da Síndrome de Alienação Parental (SAP) no núcleo familiar, através do olhar de profissionais da Psicologia e do Serviço Social que lidam com o tema. O instrumento para a coleta de dados, foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Participaram da pesquisa três Psicólogos(as), e três Assistentes Sociais peritos, vinculados ao Poder Judiciário de Pernambuco. Os dados foram analisados através da análise temática descrita por Minayo, possibilitando compreender os significados das falas dos entrevistados, de acordo com os objetivos propostos. Os principais resultados apontam para uma ação desenvolvida de forma gradativa, por parte dos profissionais, com a finalidade de emitir um parecer que busque esclarecer o contexto familiar em que a criança está inserida, e que se preocupe com a forma de atuação dos peritos, visando proteger a criança e/ou adolescente das consequências de uma separação mal elaborada.

Mr. Eduard Němeček, MD Divorce issue and its consequences Diploma Thesis 5. Summary: This work proposes a closer look at the divorce-related topics with consequential impacts both on financial situation of divorced spouses and destinies of minor children as resulting from divorced marriages in Czech Republic. Till date, this issue has been solved in different ways at both district and regional courts. In our republic, a more unifying element is represented by decisions of the Supreme and Constitutional Courts. This is a very serious social phenomenon which, according to statistics affects a large number of parents, children, but also childless partners. Yet from ancient times this phenomenon is known to be socially undesirable being almost entirely rejected by the Catholic Church in its canon law. The increase in divorces has resulted namely from the advancement procedure of society. It is a societal phenomenon known to occur irrelatively of the states and political systems, from the totalitarian regimes through those autocratic, up to highly democratic systems of developed countries worldwide. During the creation of this work, up to 40% of marriages have been critically monitored as expected to be ended in divorce. It's a long-term social phenomenon that surpassed all political systems from the...