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Complex networks are an important class of models used to describe the behaviour of a very broad category of systems which appear in different fields of science ranging from physics, biology and statistics to computer science and other disciplines. This set of models includes spin systems on a graph, neural networks, decision networks, spreading disease, financial trade, social networks and all systems which can be represented as interacting agents on some sort of graph architecture. In this thesis, by using the theoretical framework of statistical mechanics, the equilibrium and the dynamical behaviour of such systems is studied. For the equilibrium case, after presenting the region graph free energy approximation, the Survey Propagation method, previously used to investi- gate the low temperature phase of complex systems on tree-like topologies, is extended to the case of loopy graph architectures. For time-dependent behaviour, both discrete-time and continuous-time dynamics are considered. It is shown how to extend the cavity method ap- proach from a tool used to study equilibrium properties of complex systems to the discrete-time dynamical scenario. A closure scheme of the dynamic message-passing equation based on a Markovian approximations is presented. This allows to estimate non-equilibrium marginals of spin models on a graph with reversible dynamics. As an alternative to this approach, an extension of region graph variational free energy approximations to the non-equilibrium case is also presented. Non-equilibrium functionals that, when minimized with constraints, lead to approximate equations for out-of-equilibrium marginals of general spin models are introduced and discussed. For the continuous-time dynamics a novel approach that extends the cav- ity method also to this case is discussed. The main result of this part is a Cavity Master Equation which, together with an approximate version of the Master Equation, constitutes a closure scheme to estimate non-equilibrium marginals of continuous-time spin models. The investigation of dynamics of spin systems is concluded by applying a quasi-equilibrium approach to a sim- ple case. A way to test self-consistently the assumptions of the method as well as its limits is discussed. In the final part of the thesis, analogies and differences between the graph- ical model approaches discussed in the manuscript and causal analysis in statistics are presented. / <p>QC 20160904</p>

In this dissertation, two classes of distributed algorithms are developed for sparse signal recovery in large sensor networks. All the proposed approaches consist of local computation (LC) and global computation (GC) steps carried out by a group of distributed local sensors, and do not require the local sensors to know the global sensing matrix. These algorithms are based on the original approximate message passing (AMP) and iterative hard thresholding (IHT) algorithms in the area of compressed sensing (CS), also known as sparse signal recovery. For distributed AMP (DiAMP), we develop a communication-efficient algorithm GCAMP. Numerical results demonstrate that it outperforms the modified thresholding algorithm (MTA), another popular GC algorithm for Top-K query from distributed large databases. For distributed IHT (DIHT), there is a step size $\mu$ which depends on the $\ell_2$ norm of the global sensing matrix A. The exact computation of $\|A\|_2$ is non-separable. We propose a new method, based on the random matrix theory (RMT), to give a very tight statistical upper bound of $\|A\|_2$, and the calculation of that upper bound is separable without any communication cost. In the GC step of DIHT, we develop another algorithm named GC.K, which is also communication-efficient and outperforms MTA. Then, by adjusting the metric of communication cost, which enables transmission of quantized data, and taking advantage of the correlation of data in adjacent iterations, we develop quantized adaptive GCAMP (Q-A-GCAMP) and quantized adaptive GC.K (Q-A-GC.K) algorithms, leading to a significant improvement on communication savings. Furthermore, we prove that state evolution (SE), a fundamental property of AMP that in high dimensionality limit, the output data are asymptotically Gaussian regardless of the distribution of input data, also holds for DiAMP. In addition, compared with the most recent theoretical results that SE holds for sensing matrices with independent subgaussian entries, we prove that the universality of SE can be extended to far more general sensing matrices. These two theoretical results provide strong guarantee of AMP's performance, and greatly broaden its potential applications.

This thesis on Teaching basketball in physical education classes in primary schools deals with mapping the conditions for teaching basketball at five elementary schools and, furthermore, it deals with finding the level of basketball skills of the pupils. The aim of this thesis, based on research, is to find out whether it is possible for elementary school pupils to significantly improve in their basketball skills during physical education classes and whether such an improvement can arouse their deeper interest in this sport.The theoretical part focuses on the explanation and clarification of the basic terms and characteristics of the age group of 6 - 11 year old pupils. The research part describes the tests which were selected based on consultation with basketball experts. Additionally, it describes the conditions under which testing of pupils was undertaken. Finally, in the tables with written explanation, it shows the test results of the individual pupils and schools. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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Racial identifications are continually influenced by and constructed through one’s environment. Building on Jean Baudrillard’s “The Precession of Simulacra” and Gaston Bachelard’s The Poetics of Space, this thesis argues that houses and clothing are the material objects that allow characters Birdie Lee from Danzy Senna’s Caucasia and Helga Crane from Nella Larsen’s Quicksand to construct their mixed race identities. Birdie Lee’s childhood home is the place where she develops a mixed race identity. When she leaves that home, she is forced to take on simulacra in order to pass for white. Without a stable childhood or adult home, Helga Crane’s wardrobe becomes the space where she unconsciously develops a mixed race identity. Her clothing choices allow her to simulate an entirely black identity that masks her mixed race heritage. Ultimately, the fates of Birdie and Helga are determined by whether or not they can occupy a space that is accepting of their mixed race identities. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valeria Verzignasse.pdf: 393697 bytes, checksum: 8b0ac3a3b96dc9aab3f5097dd93acdad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-12 / Universidade Estadual Paulista J?lio de Mesquita Filho / The aim of the present study was to understand the acting out of a group of adolescents from the psychoanalytic point of view. The objective was to examine if the "diagnostics group" technique applied to adolescents is efficient enough to make them aware of acting out phenomena and if it may be used to provide the appropriate means to understand actings implemented into the group. The chosen method was "applied psychoanalysis" that aims at practical results. Six adolescents between 13 and 14 years old of both genders participated in the research and the "diagnostics group" technique was applied to ten 90-minute meetings. Mathieu's (1967) "Contents Analysis" technique was adopted to analyze the collected data, which was then interpreted according to psychoanalytic and group-analytic references. The present study allowed us to understand acting out as a primitive process featuring archaic defense mechanisms, such as projection, dissociation, denial, disruption. In our group of adolescents, acting out occurred in two different ways, i.e., through communication and as an attack on group ties. As the meetings progressed, acting out decreased, which made us reflect on the importance of the group for those adolescents. We concluded that the group of adolescents acted on affective levels and that its members went through several situations of sensitization. Languages used were mainly symbolic, emotional, and marked by gestures. An atmosphere of cooperation between adolescents-colleagues was developed, which supported individual evolution. It was notable that the group technique applied to this research proved to be an efficient instrument to study the acting out of adolescents within the group. / O presente estudo teve como finalidade compreender psicanaliticamente as atua??es de um grupo de adolescentes. O objetivo foi verificar se a t?cnica de grupo de diagn?stico aplicado em adolescentes ? eficaz para sensibiliz?-los aos fen?menos do acting out e se possibilita a busca de meios apropriados para compreender essas atua??es que se implantam no grupo. O m?todo escolhido foi psican?lise aplicada , que visa fins pr?ticos. Participaram da pesquisa seis adolescentes, com idades de 13-14 anos, de ambos os sexos. A t?cnica utilizada foi o grupo de diagn?stico . Foram realizados dez encontros, com dura??o de uma hora e trinta minutos. Para a an?lise do material coletado foi adotada a t?cnica de An?lise de Conte?do , proposta por Mathieu (1967), e interpretada de acordo com o referencial psicanal?tico e grupanal?tico. Este estudo possibilitou entendermos o acting out enquanto um processo primitivo, que usa de mecanismos de defesa arcaicos, como proje??o, dissocia??o, nega??o, cis?o. O acting no grupo de adolescentes surgiu atrav?s de duas formas. A primeira em forma de comunica??o e a segunda enquanto um ataque ao v?nculo grupal. No decorrer dos encontros, as atua??es foram diminuindo, o que nos fez pensar na import?ncia do grupo para esses adolescentes. Conclu?mos que o grupo de adolescentes atuou em n?veis afetivos e os participantes passaram por diversas situa??es de sensibiliza??o. A natureza das linguagens utilizadas foi mais simb?licas, emocional e gestual. Desenvolveu-se uma atmosfera de coopera??o entre colegas-adolescentes, favorecendo as evolu??es individuais. Foi not?vel que a t?cnica de grupo praticada nesta pesquisa constituiu-se num instrumento eficaz para estudar o fen?meno do acting out do adolescente no grupo.

Speech processing in the automotive environment is a challenging problem due to the presence of powerful and unpredictable nonstationary noise. This thesis addresses two detection problems involving both nonstationary noise signals and nonstationary desired signals. Two detectors are developed: one to detect passing vehicle noise in the presence of speech and one to detect speech in the presence of passing vehicle noise. The latter is then measured against a state-of-the-art voice activity detector used in telephony. The process of compiling a library of recordings in the automobile to facilitate this research is also detailed.

Nos últimos anos, computação em grade tem emergido como uma forma de utilização de recursos geograficamente distribuídos em múltiplas organizações. Devido ao fato de grids serem altamente distribuídos e compostos por recursos heterogêneos, a computação em grade tem dado importância a requisitos específicos, como escalabilidade, desempenho e a necessidade de um modelo de programação adequado. Vários modelos de programação já foram propostos para a computação em grade. Entretanto, ate agora, nenhum deles supriu todos os requisitos. Diferentemente, na área de alto desempenho em clusters, o modelo de passagem de mensagens se tornou um verdadeiro padrão com um grande número de bibliotecas e aplicações legadas. Este trabalho propõe um framework híbrido que combina os altos desempenho e aceitação do padrão MPI, melhorado com extensões intuitivas para permitir aos desenvolvedores o projeto e desenvolvimento de aplicações em grade ou a gridi-ficação de aplicações já existentes, com a flexibilidade de um runtime baseado em componentes, modelando uma hierarquia de recursos e suportando a comunicação entre clusters. A solução proposta se baseia na adição de comunicadores MPI e uma API relacionada, a qual oferece um suporte ao desenvolvimento de aplicações que levam em conta a topologia hierárquica de grades computacionais, adequado a desenvolvedores habituados a MPI. características (Simula_c~ao Baseada no Algoritmo de Monte Carlo, Mergesort e um solver Poisson3D) mostraram que a gridificação pode melhorar consideravelmente o desempenho dessas aplicações em ambientes de grade. Ainda que o objetivo deste trabalho não seja competir com distribuições MPI existentes, o desempenho da solução proposta _e comparável ao desempenho de MPI, sendo melhor em alguns casos. A partir dos resultados obtidos com o protótipo apresentado, é possível concluir que o custo adicionado pela utilização de componentes não é desprezível, mas dentro do esperado. Entretanto, espera-se que os benefícios para aplicações de grade devem superar os custos adicionais. Além disso, as extensões a interface MPI oferecem a usuários as abstrações necessárias ao projeto de algoritmos paralelos de forma hierárquica, visando ambientes de grade. / In the past several years, grid computing has emerged as a way to harness computing resources geographically distributed across multiple organizations. Due to its inherently largely distributed and heterogeneous nature, grid computing has enlarged the importance of specific requirements, such as scalability, performance and the need of an adequate programming model. Several programming models have been proposed for grid programming. Nonetheless, so far, none of them met all the requirements. Differently, in the field of high performance cluster computing, the message passing model became a true standard with a large number of libraries and legacy applications. This work proposes a hybrid framework that combines the high performance and high acceptability of the MPI standard boosted with intuitive extensions to enable developers to design grid applications or "gridify" existing ones with the flexibility of a component-based runtime modeling resources hierarchy and offering support to inter-cluster communication. The proposed solution relies on the addition of new MPI communicators and a related API, which may offer a support well-suited to programmers used to MPI in order to reflect a hierarchical topology within the deployed application. Carlo Simulation, a Mergesort and a Poissond3D solver) have shown that the "gridification" of applications improve application performance on grid environments. Even if the goal is not to compete against existing MPI distributions, the performance of the solution is comparable with MPI performance, even better in some cases. From the results obtained in the evaluation of this prototype, we conclude that the overhead introduced by the components is not negligible, but inside of the expected. However, we can expect the benefits to grid applications to bypass the generated overhead. Besides, the extended interface may offer users the adequate abstractions to design parallel algorithms in a hierarchical way addressing grid environments.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francisco Gomes de Almeida Garzon.pdf: 698751 bytes, checksum: dc24488fdb66c5ba72009523ae523a5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-09 / This master s degree dissertation refers to a possibility of human subjectivity constitution through violence, excessive pathos. According to the position of Fundamental Psychopathology, pathos constitutes the human, in the measure that psychism is a reply to the incidence of pathos. Research was conducted whereof the clipping of a clinical case, considering the possibility of the violence to constitute symptomatic expression of pathos, either for the repetition of the pathogenic scene or through the way of the symptom. Facing the unbearable character of pathos excessive by definition - the capacity of complex symbolic creation, to suture the mark of the trauma, could remain disengaged. The present research is destined to investigate the possibility of considering the repetition of the violence suffered for the subject as being a symptom of this subject, as well as investigating ahead on the nature of this symptom towards the given nature of pathos, excessively terrifying. The clinical case that motivates the present research offers subsidies to think the question. We cogitate if the patient, in the observed case, offers himself to violence as in a species of sacrifice, writing repeatedly in his body a pledge, order of recognition, petition and repetition that informs and certifies the impossibility to deal with the uncommon violence of pathos that reached him. His acts, that victimize himself in repeated situations of violence practiced by the other (Other), would configure the impossibility towards symptom? / A presente Dissertação de Mestrado diz respeito a uma possibilidade de constituição do sujeito diante da violência, pathos excessivo. Segundo a posição da Psicopatologia Fundamental, pathos constitui o sujeito, na medida em que o psiquismo é uma resposta à incidência do pathos. Pretendemos investigar, a partir do recorte de um caso clínico, a possibilidade da violência constituir expressão sintomática de pathos, seja pela repetição da cena patogênica ou pela via do sintoma. Diante do caráter inefável de pathos excessivo - a capacidade de simbolização complexa, a suturar a marca do trauma, poderia restar comprometida. A presente pesquisa destina-se a investigar a possibilidade de se considerar a repetição da violência sofrida pelo sujeito como sendo um sintoma deste sujeito, assim como investigar sobre a natureza deste sintoma diante da obviedade de pathos, excessivamente aterrador. O caso clínico que motiva a presente pesquisa oferece subsídios para pensarmos a questão. Cogitamos se o paciente, no caso observado, se oferece à violência como em uma espécie de sacrifício, escrevendo repetidamente em seu corpo um manifesto, pedido de reconhecimento, petição e repetição que informa e atesta sua impossibilidade de lidar com a violência descomunal do pathos que o atingiu. Seus atos, que o vitimam em repetidas situações de violência praticada pelo outro (Outro), configurariam o impossível do sintoma diante do excesso do excesso (excesso de pathos), do irrepresentável?