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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Community and Patient-Centered Medical Home in the Care of Chronically Ill Patients

Carrillo, Victor A. 01 January 2016 (has links)
Large portions of the US population live in poor inner-city communities. Health needs assessment data have shown that these communities have disproportionately high rates of chronic illnesses. The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model was developed to address the gaps that exist in the primary care system, and emphasizes a redesign of primary care that is patient centered, utilizes multiple levels of healthcare professionals, information technology, and care coordination. However, little evidence exists on the value of this model which may explain why it has not gained wide acceptance by primary care providers. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the efficacy of the PCMH model through emergency department and inpatient utilization reductions, and with a specific focus on the role of social connectedness. This research used existing data on 706 participants from Columbia University and a local New York inner-city hospital. An in-depth analysis of hospital utilization data, using an unpaired two-sample t-test and linear regression, found that the PCMH framework strengthens continuity of care and care coordination, and helps reduce avoidable hospitalization utilization. Additionally, these reductions were greater for study participants with strong social support networks. This research highlights the relationships between primary care, social support networks, and good health outcomes. Over time, further enhancement of the PCMH and systemic changes to the delivery of care may contribute to the development of a stronger primary care system that place patients at the center of care, focuses on the importance of social connectedness, and contributes to a lasting impact on society through the development of overall healthier communities.
12

The Phenomenological Evaluation of Social Worker Competencies in Patient-Centered Medical Homes

Stalling, Veda 01 February 2016 (has links)
The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) is an innovative, team-based health care model that was applied during the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). However, the competencies for PCMH health care social worker team members are not identified within this model. Thus, the purpose of this phenomenological study focused on identifying the core competencies that will enable social workers to perform competently in PCMHs. This study also explored the roles and training needs as related to improving the competence of social workers. Sandberg’s and Parry’s conceptualization of the competency model was used as the theoretical framework. Data were acquired through interviews with 10 PCMH social workers. These data were then inductively coded and analyzed using a modified Moustakas method. Key findings indicated that these social workers believed that improvements in competencies may include training and knowledge with mental health and physical health knowledge which consist of diagnoses, interventions, medications, symptoms, and terminology. It was also noted that knowledge of evidence-based practices for mental health interventions and patient-centered, team-based principles were essential to ACA policy implementation. The positive social change implications of this study include recommendations to health care leadership, educational institutions, and other PCMH providers to develop competency-based training for social workers. Recommendations are also put forth to adapt social work curriculum to ensure the effective implementation of the principles of the ACA policy and to improve social work practice in PCMH health care settings.
13

Les maisons de santé pluriprofessionnelles, une opportunité pour transformer les pratiques de soins de premier recours : place et rôle des pratiques préventives et éducatives dans des organisations innovantes / Multi-Professional Health Care Centers, an Opportunity to Transform Primary Care Practices : Place and Role of Preventive and Educational Practices in Innovative Organisations

Fournier, Cécile 04 March 2015 (has links)
L’exercice des soins de premier recours en maisons et pôles de santé pluriprofessionnels (MSP) connaît depuis quelques années un développement croissant. Ces modalités d’exercice sont présentées comme une solution aux défis que représentent le vieillissement de la population, l’augmentation de la prévalence des maladies chroniques, l’accentuation des inégalités sociales de santé et l’irrésistible croissance des dépenses de santé. Elles s’inscrivent dans une remise en cause du système de santé français, construit historiquement sur un modèle curatif hospitalo-centré et sur une médecine de ville d’exercice libéral et isolé. L’impératif d’un recentrage du système sur les soins de premier recours devient un objectif partagé par l’Etat et certains professionnels libéraux, associé à celui de leur réorganisation pour en accroître la dimension préventive et éducative, dans une approche de santé publique collective, populationnelle et mieux coordonnée au niveau d’un territoire. Comment les soins primaires se transforment-ils dans les MSP ? Dans les dynamiques observées, quels places et rôles jouent les pratiques préventives et éducatives ? Ces questions sont abordées avec une posture de recherche « engagée », inscrite dans une réflexion méthodologique et politique, articulant des approches médicale, de santé publique et sociologique. L’analyse de la littérature permet de resituer les MSP dans un continuum d’innovations organisationnelles, favorisées par la baisse de la démographie médicale, l’inégale répartition des professionnels et la territorialisation de l’offre de soins. Pour saisir de manière simultanée et dynamique les mutations en cours dans ce type de structure, leurs modalités et le sens que leur donnent les acteurs qui s’y engagent, la recherche s’appuie sur la monographie ethnographique d’un projet de MSP suivi dans la longue durée et sur des entretiens menés auprès de professionnels exerçant dans quatre MSP contrastées. La sociologie de l’innovation permet d’éclairer les « manières de faire » et les opérations de traduction qui tissent le développement d’un exercice coordonné en MSP et la mise en œuvre de pratiques préventives et éducatives entre des acteurs travaillant généralement peu ensemble. La sociologie interactionniste permet en outre d’appréhender les difficultés ressenties par les acteurs dans leur pratique, leurs objectifs et arguments en faveur de ce nouveau cadre organisationnel, ainsi que la diversité des formes de leur engagement et des logiques sociales qui les sous-tendent. Les MSP et les démarches de prévention et d’« éducation thérapeutique » qui y sont développées apparaissent comme des instruments politiques efficaces de « mise en mouvement » des professionnels autour d’objectifs et d’organisations à co-construire, pouvant emprunter plusieurs voies. Dans ces dispositifs locaux d’innovation souple, pluriprofessionnalité et pratiques préventives se nourrissent mutuellement, contribuant à une structuration territoriale des soins primaires et à l’émergence d’une définition étendue de la prévention. Cependant, ces transformations rencontrent des freins importants. D’une part, la réinvention d’une médecine collective de ville, contre laquelle s’était construite la médecine libérale, se heurte au poids des logiques professionnelles, questionnant la possibilité d’une diffusion de ces nouvelles organisations. D’autre part, l’ampleur de l’offre préventive et éducative est limitée par les ressources disponibles, par les choix des professionnels et par la faible place donnée aux patients et aux usagers. Ces résultats interrogent la capacité des acteurs à dépasser des logiques professionnelles pour intégrer dorénavant des logiques de santé publique à visée préventive et éducative. Ils questionnent également leur volonté de s’inscrire dans une démarche de promotion de la santé, permettant d’interpeller les politiques sur les actions intersectorielles à mener contre les déterminants des inégalités sociales de santé. / The delivery of primary care in multi-professional health care centres (MSPs) has met with growing interest over the past few years. These types of care organisations have been presented as a solution to the challenges associated with population ageing, the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, the rise of inequalities in healthcare and of healthcare expenditures. MSPs contribute to the questioning of the French health care system, based historically on a curative and hospital-centred model complemented by a self-employed, isolated and city-concentrated system of medical practice. The need to give primary care a central place in the system has become an objective shared by public institutions and by some self-employed healthcare professionals (HCPs). It is associated with the aim of restructuring primary care in order to emphasize a prevention-based approach, in a more collective, coordinated, population-based and territory-based approach of public health. How are primary care practices being transformed within these MSPs? In the dynamics observed, what are the place and role played by preventive and educational practices? These questions are explored with a posture of “committed” research, based on a methodological and political reflection, involving medical, public health and sociological approaches. An analysis of the literature enables this research to place the development of MSPs in a continuum of organisational innovations, favoured by the decreasing number of doctors, the uneven distribution of HCPs and the territorialisation of healthcare provision. In order to seize - in a simultaneous and dynamic way - the current transformations and arrangements observed in MSPs and the meaning they have for the actors involved, the research is based on an ethnographical monograph of a project of MSP followed over a long period, and on interviews held with actors practicing in four different MSPs. The sociology of innovation enables us to highlight the “ways of doing things” and the translation operations that help to weave together the development of coordinated practice in MSPs and the implementation of prevention and educational measures involving actors not accustomed to working together. Moreover, the interactionist perspective in sociology allows us to apprehend the difficulties met by the actors in their daily practice, their aims and their arguments in favour of a new organisational framework, as well as the diversity of the different forms of their engagement and the underlying social dynamics. MSPs and initiatives of prevention and patient education implemented in these institutions appear as effective political instruments to “put professionals in movement” around objectives and organisations that have to be built up together, following several paths. With these flexible innovative devices, multi-professionality and preventive practices feed mutually on each other, contributing to the structuring of a primary care system on a territorial basis, and to the emergence of a wider definition of prevention. However, these transformations meet important constraints. On one hand, the reinvention of a collective medicine, against which the self-employed medicine has been opposed for over a century, collides with the weight of a heavy professional logical system, questioning the possibility of an extension of these new organisations. On the other hand, the scale of the preventive and educational supply of care is limited by the available resources as well as the choices made by the actors- and by the low rank given to patients. These results question the capacity of the actors to overtake the logical professional approach in order that they integrate from now on a public health logical approach with a preventive and educational aim. They also question the will of the actors to integrate a health-promoting approach, than could tackle the politics of intersectoral actions to affront the determinants of health inequalities.
14

Analyse de la logique d’intervention d’une adaptation québécoise d’un modèle de soins centré sur le patient appuyé par un dossier médical personnel dans les suivis pédiatriques au sein d’un groupe de médecine de famille

Demers, Maxime 12 1900 (has links)
No description available.

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