\"Ver o corpo humano por dentro\" sem a necessidade de intervenção cirurgica é objetivo que motivou a criação de diversos instrumentos como eletrocardiogramas, eletroencefalogramas, equipamentos de ressonância magnética e raio-X. Através daavaliação de imagens ou resultados numéricos, pode-se detectar patologias nos primeiros estágios, permitindo uma ação decisiva de especialistas médicos na cura destas. Especialistas da fala normalmente empregam instrumentos comovideolaringoscopia e videoestroboscopia para avaliar qualitativamente o comportamento da laringe e pregas vocais. Comprendendo que a voz transmite informações sobre alterações orgânicas ou funcionais nas estruturas de vocalização, este trabalhoapresenta um conjunto de medidas acústicas neste sinal que evidenciam alterações na periodicidade do movimento das cordas vocais e quantidade de ruído turbulento que atravessa a glote. A partir de avaliação estatística da capacidadedescriminatória destes índices acústicos e empregando-se redes neurais artificiais, define-se um método automático para identificação probabilística das patologias que afetam as estruturas da laringe. / \"To see the inside of the human body\" without the necessity of surgical intervention is the objective that motivates the conception of several instruments like electrocardiogram, electroencephalongram, magnetic resonance and X-ray equipments. Through the image analysis or numerical results, it is possible to identify pathologies, allowing a decisive action of physician specialists in cure of these. Voice specialists, normally, use instruments as videolaryngoscopy and videostroboscopy to assess the vocal folds and larynx comportment, qualitatively. Understanding that the voice transmits information upon functional or organic alterations in vocalization structures, this work presents a set of acoustic measurements, based on this signal, that evidences alterations on vocal folds movement periodicity and quantify of turbulent noise throught the glottis. From the statistic evaluation of discriminatory capacity of these acoustic indexes and using artificial neural networks, it defines an automatic method for the probabilistic identification of pathologies that affect the laryngeal structures.

[pt] Assim como qualquer item, uma construção possui uma vida útil que considera o seu nascimento como momento que ela é concebida em projeto, e sua morte como sendo sua demolição final. Durante sua vida uma construção deve passar por manutenções (preventivas, adaptativas e corretivas) que permitem o prolongamento do seu uso, mantendo o seu nível de desempenho dentro do aceitável. Muitas vezes as ações corretivas se dão em períodos curtos de tempo, intervalos abaixo do esperado por seus usuários ou administradores. Obviamente toda intervenção trás consigo um custo financeiro, que cresce dependendo do momento em que ela ocorra dentro da vida da construção. Muito além do custo financeiro, toda atividade causa impacto no meio ambiente, gerando assim um custo ambiental. Determinar o preço ambiental do refazimento de uma obra, em um curto espaço de tempo (menor que o esperado) ilustra o peso deste custo, muitas vezes invisível ou negligenciado, é necessário. A Análise do refazimento de uma obra devido a falhas construtivas que trouxeram uma drástica queda no desempenho no uso do empreendimento demonstrou que o custo ambiental é proporcionalmente muito maior que o custo financeiro esperado. Sabendo que o custo financeiro de correções construtivas ao longo da vida do imóvel cresce em uma progressão geométrica de base 5, permite comparar o quanto o custo ambiental pode desequilibrar a sustentabilidade. Analisando que a intervenção de uma área de 4.200 m quadrados utilizou uma área ambiental de 1.360.000 m quadrados, faz com que os sinais de alerta se acendam demonstrando que a correção de um erro construtivo é muito maior para o meio ambiente que o custo financeiro envolvido. / [en] The world population has been growing at a dizzying rate in recent centuries. And this accelerated population gain brings with it numerous consequences, among them, the need to produce more food, housing and infrastructure. This all leads us to consume more and more natural resources and also increases the generation of waste and waste. The so-called carrying capacity of the planet (condition of sustaining a population), has not evolved in the last centuries in the same index of population growth, that is, humanity is consuming natural resources and generating waste at a speed higher than that which the planet is capable of. produce and absorb. To continue supporting the growing population of the planet, it is necessary to experiment with new technologies, methodologies and processes so that this growth is supported by the tripod of sustainability. The term sustainable development has the most common, and accepted, meaning that points to a tripod of economic growth, environmental preservation and social development. Civil construction is an essential economic sector in the development of any country and society, being responsible for a large fraction of the quality of life of human beings, since they alter the natural environment for better use of space. Understanding the environmental cost of correcting a construction failure is the objective of this work. There are countless studies that point to the financial cost of the so-called rework, but few look at this phenomenon under the environmental lens. The entire life cycle of an enterprise, from its design to its ruin, through its construction and use, causes environmental marks. To correct flaws in works already completed, or in use, there is a need to consume new materials, involving an entire production chain and generating new waste. To produce a certain input that will be used in the correction of a pathology, the following are required: consumption of raw materials to conceive it, energy consumption to manufacture it, waste to produce it, expenses with transportation to take it from the factory to the point of use. All of these steps in the process consume environmental resources. At the other end of the error correction, for the pathology to be eliminated, it must be removed from the site (demolition of a crooked wall, for example) using energy and producing residues from this removal. This waste will be transported to a suitable disposal site, that is, using more energy in this process. In addition, it is still necessary to transform a harmful waste into something less aggressive to the environment. Given the above, the purpose of this research is to understand the size of the impact that a constructive failure can cause to the environment depending on its severity and the moment it is detected. In order to carry out this work, a project was followed up with a short time of use, but which needed major interventions due to the flaws found. With the analysis of the presented pathologies it was possible to measure how much they weighed, and will weigh, to the environment. In addition, analyzing the origin and the correction method implemented will allow to index each of the flaws found environmentally, measuring how much the planet s carrying capacity could have been preserved had these defects not occurred. The useful life of a building can be understood as the time interval from its birth, marked by its design concept, until its death with its demolition and / or disuse. Project useful life (VUP) must be defined by the developer and the project designer. VUP, despite being a temporal measure, has an economic character, being defined as the best relation between global cost versus time to enjoy the good. Preventive maintenance takes place constantly and aims to increase the life of the project, whereas corrective maintenance must occur in a timely manner and correcting failures in points that are already performing below the desired level. Adaptive maintenance has the objective of adjusting the enterprise to receive new technologies, new equipment and to comply with the new legislation The economic character of the useful life of a good is characterized by its global cost, which must be defined as the sum of the cost of acquisition, or construction, of the good and the cost of maintenance throughout its life. The total cost of a construction during its life includes the costs of planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance and demolition. These construction costs represent between 15 percent and 20 percent of the total cost; 80 percent of the amount is spent on operation and maintenance and only 2 percent to 5 percent of the amount is spent on planning and design (conceptual and detailed). The total cost of a construction during its life includes the costs of planning, design, construction, operation, maintenance and demolition. These construction costs represent between 15 percent and 20 percent of the total cost; 80 percent of the amount is spent on operation and maintenance and only 2 percent to 5 percent of the amount is spent on planning and design (conceptual and detailed). The useful life of a building, for example, goes through the useful life of its components such as its foundations, superstructures, hydro-sanitary installations, electrical installations, facades, internal cladding, paintings and waterproofing. Studies show that corrective maintenance costs up to five times more than preventive maintenance. Corrective maintenance is often required in shorter time cycles than initially imagined (and desired) by those responsible for the enterprise. Currently, numerous failures in new construction (or with little use) are verified, such as buildings, bridges, roads, streets and public supply networks, which range from faults of all kinds, from simple to catastrophic. The service life can be extended with preventive, corrective and adaptive maintenance interventions. The extension of useful life is directly impacted on the overall cost of construction. The lowest global cost system is usually not the lowest initial cost nor the longest lasting. Seeking to optimize the cost-benefit ratio is the best option for society. The useful life of a building must be supported by the tripod of socio-environmental importance, cost of implementation and cost of maintenance over the years. When investors seek to save money by building buildings with low quality standards, and with low maintenance ease, they increase the cost of future maintenance. At the other end of the real estate market, users do not carry out preventive maintenance because they consider its cost to be high, often allowing certain components of the project to come close to the level of unacceptable performance and only then carry out the maintenance that has now become corrective, costing financially more than the preventive maintenance previously denied. The Sitter rule, or Law of 5, determines that the relative cost of an intervention grows in a geometric progression of ratio 5 over time in the project and its maintenance. The sooner a problem is perceived, the lower its cost. Sustainability, despite not having a unanimous definition, is a concept that must integrate aspects of social-ecological dimensions, economic factors, and the short, medium and long term advantages. Putting together all the concepts expressed by several authors, sustainability can be defined as the attempt to achieve economic and social growth while preserving the finite resources of the environment. For more than 40 years, humanity s demand for nature has exceeded the planet s replacement capacity. Currently 1.5 Earth planets would be needed to provide the ecological services that were used in the 1980s. Trees are cut faster than they can ripen, more fish are caught than the oceans can replenish and more carbon is emitted than forests and oceans can absorb. The carrying capacity of the planet has been compromised in a way never before experienced by humanity, to meet the current lifestyle of the population. Consumerism is seen as a behavior that leads to an increase in production and, consequently, to economic progress, but this equation is limited by resources that cannot sustain unlimited growth. Finite spaces cannot absorb waste that grows indefinitely. The carrying capacity of a system is obviously influenced by factors such as average income, material expectations and level of technology, that is, energy and material efficiency. There are few systems of indicators that analyze sustainable development in a generic way. The most commonly used indicators globally are as follows: (1) Sustainability Panel, (2) Sustainability Barometer and (3) Ecological Footprint. The indicator called Ecological Footprint has the advantage of being easily visualized, since the Ecological Footprint represents the ecological space necessary to sustain a given system, or community. It is a simple tool that counts the flows of matter and energy that enter and leave an economic system, converting them into areas of land, or water, necessary to sustain such a system. The Ecological Footprint is a method that transforms the consumption of raw materials and the assimilation of waste from an economic system, or from a human population, into an area corresponding to productive land or water. Using this method, it is possible to calculate the area of the ecosystem needed to ensure the eternal survival of a given population or system. Once this equivalent area of the ecosystem has been determined, it is possible to visualize how much it appropriates the carrying capacity of the planet as a whole. In fact, the size of the Footprint can change depending on the new technologies developed, which can be more or less resource-consuming and wastegenerating. The calculation method for measuring the Ecological Footprint, although easily intuitive, is difficult to carry out with regard to data collection.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-17T14:06:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO VIVLIAN DE MORAES LIMA MARINUS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2010..pdf: 2343869 bytes, checksum: 46e0a7984b1b956fbea2bfcba9e1f631 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T14:06:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOÃO VIVLIAN DE MORAES LIMA MARINUS - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2010..pdf: 2343869 bytes, checksum: 46e0a7984b1b956fbea2bfcba9e1f631 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-29 / Nos últimos anos, várias pesquisas na área de processamento digital de voz estão sendo feitas, no sentido de criar técnicas que auxiliem o diagnóstico preciso por um especialista de patologias do trato vocal de maneira não invasiva, fazendo com que o paciente se sinta confortável na hora do exame. Este trabalho trata da investigação de técnicas para a classificação de vozes afetadas por patologias da laringe, em especial edema de Reinke, visando a construção de um sistema de apoio ao especialista. O sistema de auxílio ao diagnóstico de patologias da laringe, proposto nesta dissertação, é constituido de 3 etapas principais: pré-processamento do sinal de voz, extração de características e classificação. A etapa de pré-processamento consiste na aquisição do sinal de voz, na aplicação de um filtro de pré ênfase para a minimização dos efeitos da radiação dos lábios e da variação da área da glote, seguido da segmentação e janelamento do sinal. Também foi investigada a não utilização da pré-ênfase nessa etapa. Na fase de extração de características, são utilizados coeficientes obtidos a partir da análise por predição linear (coeficientes LPC), coeficientes cepstrais, coeficientes delta-cepstrais e um vetor de características combinando coeficientes LPC e coeficientes cepstrais. A etapa de classificação é dividida em duas partes: classificação entre voz normal e voz afetada por patologia, sem especificar qual patologia, e caso o sinal seja classificado como voz afetada por patologia, tem-se uma segunda parte, a qual é realizada a classificação entre voz afetada por edema de Reinke e voz afetada por outra patologia. Para as duas partes, foram testados 3 diferentes classificadores: Redes Neurais Multilayer Perceptron - MLP, Modelos de Misturas de Gaussianas e Quantização Vetorial. Para diferenciar entre voz normal e voz afetada por patologia, os melhores resultados foram obtidos utilizando Redes Neurais. Para diferenciar entre voz afetada por edema e voz afetada por outra patologia, os melhores resultados foram obtidos utilizando Quantização Vetorial. Em ambos os casos, os melhores resultados foram obtidos ao se utilizar coeficientes cepstrais e sem utilização da pré-ênfase. / In recent years, several studies in digital voice processing are being made in order to create techniques to support a noninvasive accurate diagnosis of vocal tract diseases by aspecialist, making the patient feel comfortable during examination. This work deals with the investigation of techniques for classification of voices affected by laryngeal pathologies, especially Reinke’s edema, aiming to build a support system to the specialist. The system for the diagnosis of laryngeal pathologies, proposed here, consists of three main steps: preprocessing the speech signal, feature extraction and classification. Preprocessing corresponds the acquisition of voice signal, the application of a pre-emphasis filter for minimizing the radiation effects from the lips and from variation in glottal area, and the signal segmentation and windowing. The non-use of pre-emphasis was also investigated at this point. In the feature extraction step, we use coefficients obtained from the linear prediction analysis (LPC coefficients), cepstral coefficients, delta-cepstral coefficients, and afeature vectorc ombining LPC and cepstral coefficients. The classification is divided into two parts: classification of normal voice versus voice affected by pathology, without specifying which pathology, and if the signal is classified as voice affected by pathology, second part happens, which is performed by the classification between voice affected by Reinke’s edema and voice affected by other pathology. For both parties, 3 different classifiers were tested: Neural Networks Multilayer Perceptron - MLP, Gaussian Mixture Models and Vector Quantization. To differentiate between normal voice and voice affected by pathology, the best results were obtained using Neural Networks. To differentiate between voice affected by edema and voice affected by pathology, the best results were obtained using vector quantization. In both cases, the best results were obtained when usingcepstral coefficients and withoutuse of pre-emphasis.

Tese de mestrado integrado. Bioengenharia. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2017-09-19T15:36:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_SergioEspinola_CEEI_UFCG.pdf: 59559230 bytes, checksum: 045a4738e365ab656e17da8b2185cb9b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-19T15:36:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_SergioEspinola_CEEI_UFCG.pdf: 59559230 bytes, checksum: 045a4738e365ab656e17da8b2185cb9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-12 / Estima-se que um terço da força de trabalho humana dependa da voz para realização de seus ofícios. Procedimentos médicos avaliam a qualidade vocal do indivíduo sendo os mais usados aqueles baseados na escuta da voz (subjetivo) ou na inspeção das dobras (ou pregas) vocais por exames sofisticados (objetivos, porém invasivos e caros). A análise acústica da voz busca extrair medidas robustas para descrever vários fenômenos associados à produção da fala ou características intrínsecas do ser humano como frequência fundamental, timbre, etc. O presente estudo consiste na caracterização de um modelo de processamento digital de Voz para apoio ao diagnóstico no contexto da construção de sistemas de identificação automatizados de patologias da fala. Para análise da técnica proposta foi utilizada uma base de dados (base KAY) que foi estruturada por especialistas num arranjo de seis grupos de Patologias. A esse, acrescentado também um de vozes “Normal”. Assim, 182 vozes foram escolhidas, as quais dispunham de um catálogo indexado de cerca de 33 descritores, para cada voz, calculados da elocução da vogal \a\ sustentada. Ao selecionar combinações desses descritores – como perturbações em frequência (jitter), em amplitude (shimmer) etc, este estudo encontrou evidências estatísticas e mostrou ser possível: a) Separar vozes normais das patológicas – esperado, b) Separar patologias específicas (Paralisia, Edema de Reinke, Nódulos) com acurácia de 100% (para a grande maioria dessas combinações) e cerca de 92% (para Nódulos contra Reinke); c) Discriminá-las por meio de classificadores (redes neurais artificiais e máquina de vetores de suporte) e reduzir a dimensionalidade e complexidade (quantidade de dados) via técnica de análise de componentes principais (ACP) sobre esses descritores para a separação intra patologias; e d) Testes estatísticos com os grupos locais confirmaram também limiares de indícios de Anormalidade presentes na literatura. A utilização de menor quantidade de descritores – obtida pós ACP (compressão) – mostrou-se também eficiente (mesmas taxas de acurácia). / It is estimated one-third of the work force relies on the use the voice in their jobs. The clinical diagnostic may be performed on voice listening by a specialist (subjective perspective) or through invasive and often not cheaper exams to check vocal structures. The area of Voice Acoustic analyses aims to extract robust measurements to describe several phenomena associated with voice production, or human being particular characteristics like fundamental frequency, timbre, etc. This study consisted of a model characterizing the digital voice processing for support in building automatic systems for the identification of disorders of speech (to aid diagnosis of pathologies). To support this investigation and proposed model, a commercial voice database (KAY base) was used with the endorsement from medical specialists. Derived acoustic analyses of those speech samples data records were presented to professionals for classification and six “severities groups” case-studied were built. After these analyses, one Normal group was added and, at the end, 182 voices have been selected. Their refined audio database contain, among other things, an indexed list of vocal descriptors calculated on the presence of the utterance of the vowel \a\ sustained speech. Statistical evidences were found: a) Difference between pathological groups vocal descriptors to normal (expected); b) It was achieved 100% from true positive, most cases, among Paralysis, Reinke's Edema and Nodules separations; c) from few cases, there were detected minor distinctions: Paralysis, Reinke's Edema, Nodules and Edema (pair comparison) with disordered groups; c) Among Machine Learning Algorithms (artificial neural networks "RN" and support vector machine "SVM"), the technique of Principal Components Analyses (PCA) and main statistics performed, it was found facts to help to structure some automated recognition systems. These Supervised learning methods showed that it could be possible to generate classification predictions (disordered presence) for the response to new data; and d) Inner tests also confirmed literature established reference thresholds. Hence considering suitable combinations of descriptors with two machine learning classifiers, as showed, is sufficient suitable and worthy.

Submitted by Natasha Brizolla (natbrizolla@gmail.com) on 2018-01-13T16:13:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThesisMPGI_Natasha_20180112.pdf: 9803841 bytes, checksum: 1bbf6c1cc55b2b5be7fc619e672545e5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão (vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2018-01-15T13:45:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ThesisMPGI_Natasha_20180112.pdf: 9803841 bytes, checksum: 1bbf6c1cc55b2b5be7fc619e672545e5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-15T14:33:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThesisMPGI_Natasha_20180112.pdf: 9803841 bytes, checksum: 1bbf6c1cc55b2b5be7fc619e672545e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-13 / Under the shifting dynamics of pharmaceutical industries, companies must be responsive to adjust their strategies to the constantly evolving environment as well as predict future changes to be able to prepare and position their brands in the market to foster a privileged place. The goal of this study is to examine brand positioning strategies of age-related neurodegenerative drugs through content analysis in order to provide an overview of the pharmaceutical industry strategic approach regarding marketing and communication initiatives. This research adopted a descriptive qualitative methodology and begun by exploring concepts and theories regarding brand positioning and its application in the industry at hand. Then data was collected and examined under the Costumer-Driven Positioning framework from Vanderveer & Pines (2007) that focuses on physicians and message construction according to five rubrics: problem statement, functional benefits, main theme, emotional benefits, and reasons to believe. This research assessed each rubric of the CDP model and applied them for the eight brands embracing three major disease groups: Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis. Suggestions of additional elements to be incorporated as well as limitations to be further investigated were discussed at last. / Para alinharem-se às mudanças de dinâmica das indústrias farmacêuticas, as empresas precisam ser ágeis para ajustar suas estratégias ao ambiente constantemente em desenvolvimento assim como prever mudanças que estão por vir para posicionar suas marcas no mercado adequadamente a fim de alcançarem uma posição privilegiada. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma análise das estratégias de posicionamento de marca para doenças neurodegenerativas advindas do envelhecimento através de análise de conteúdo a fim de proporcionar uma visão geral da abordagem estratégica da indústria farmacêutica em relação às iniciativas de comunicação e marketing. Essa pesquisa adotou uma metodologia qualitativa e descritiva começando por explorar conceitos e teorias a respeito de posicionamento de marca e suas aplicações na indústria em questão. Em seguida, os dados foram coletados e analisados sob o prisma da abordagem de posicionamento de Vanderveer & Pines (2007) (Costumer-Driven Positioning) centrado no público médico e na construção da mensagem de acordo com cinco rubricas: descrição do problema, benefícios funcionais, tema principal, benefícios emocionais e motivos para acreditar. Esse estudo considerou cada rubrica do modelo de posicionamento (CDP) e as aplicou para oito marcas abarcadas nos três grupos de doenças: Alzheimer, Parkinson e Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica. Por fim foram discutidas sugestões para incorporar elementos adicionais assim como limitações para serem aprofundadas em pesquisas futuras.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:54:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NathaleeCA_DISSERT.pdf: 1318151 bytes, checksum: d2471205a640d8428567d06ace6c3b31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The human voice is an important communication tool and any disorder of the voice can have profound implications for social and professional life of an individual. Techniques of digital signal processing have been used by acoustic analysis of vocal disorders caused by pathologies in the larynx, due to its simplicity and noninvasive nature. This work deals with the acoustic analysis of voice signals affected by pathologies in the larynx, specifically, edema, and nodules on the vocal folds. The purpose of this work is to develop a classification system of voices to help pre-diagnosis of pathologies in the larynx, as well as monitoring pharmacological treatments and after surgery. Linear Prediction Coefficients (LPC), Mel Frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and the coefficients obtained through the Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) are applied to extract relevant characteristics of the voice signal. For the classification task is used the Support Vector Machine (SVM), which aims to build optimal hyperplanes that maximize the margin of separation between the classes involved. The hyperplane generated is determined by the support vectors, which are subsets of points in these classes. According to the database used in this work, the results showed a good performance, with a hit rate of 98.46% for classification of normal and pathological voices in general, and 98.75% in the classification of diseases together: edema and nodules / A voz humana ? uma importante ferramenta de comunica??o e qualquer funcionamento inadequado da voz pode ter profundas implica??es na vida social e profissional de um indiv?duo. T?cnicas de processamento digital de sinais t?m sido utilizadas atrav?s da an?lise ac?stica de desordens vocais provocadas por patologias na laringe, devido ? sua simplicidade e natureza n?o-invasiva. Este trabalho trata da an?lise ac?stica de sinais de vozes afetadas por patologias na laringe, especificamente, edemas e n?dulos nas pregas vocais. A proposta deste trabalho ? desenvolver um sistema de classifica??o de vozes para auxiliar no pr?-diagn?stico de patologias na laringe, bem como no acompanhamento de tratamentos farmacol?gicos e p?s-cir?rgicos. Os coeficientes de Predi??o Linear (LPC), Coeficientes Cepstrais de Freq??ncia Mel (MFCC) e os coeficientes obtidos atrav?s da Transformada Wavelet Packet (WPT) s?o aplicados para extra??o de caracter?sticas relevantes do sinal de voz. ? utilizada para a tarefa de classifica??o M?quina de Vetor de Suporte (SVM), a qual tem como objetivo construir hiperplanos ?timos que maximizem a margem de separa??o entre as classes envolvidas. O hiperplano gerado ? determinado pelos vetores de suporte, que s?o subconjuntos de pontos dessas classes. De acordo com o banco de dados utilizado neste trabalho, os resultados apresentaram um bom desempenho, com taxa de acerto de 98,46% para classifica??o de vozes normais e patol?gicas em geral, e 98,75% na classifica??o de patologias entre si: edemas e n?dulos

MARTINS, Mayara Magalhães. O ideal corporal da magra saudável: norma médica e resistências do feminino na anorexia. 2010. 142 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by Liliane oliveira (morena.liliane@hotmail.com) on 2011-12-06T14:31:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_DIS_MMMARTINS.pdf: 1383585 bytes, checksum: 7a14080cb6b1b43955951b526a88e0a4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-01-02T16:08:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_DIS_MMMARTINS.pdf: 1383585 bytes, checksum: 7a14080cb6b1b43955951b526a88e0a4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-01-02T16:08:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_DIS_MMMARTINS.pdf: 1383585 bytes, checksum: 7a14080cb6b1b43955951b526a88e0a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / This dissertation is a sociological study about young girls stricken with nervous anorexia attending a medical service that specializes in the treatment of alimentary disorders. Based on cases related by three youths, this work aims at presenting conflicting aspects that those patients had to go through during their medical treatment. It is investigated how anorexic subjects display a body that is considered healthy by medical science. To this end it was engaged as main support the work of Michel Foucault. Based on his concept of resistance, it is sought to unveil how anorexic patients produce their subjectivities in dealing with medical knowledge and information obtained from the media about health, well being and beauty. In the same fashion, this works is interested in discovering how production of genre identity appears in the process of renouncing a prepubescent body in order to adopt a sexually mature body. Based on a qualitative approach, especially from data obtained from field research, it was possible to observe that the anorexic experience is essentially a paradoxical feature. The production of an anorexic body into a healthy body requires rearrangements going from the will of keeping an excessively slender figure and the desire of obtaining cure. Based on statements from anorexic subjects it is possible to assert that the disorder is both a manisfestation of disagreement presented by these girls in their attempt at building a feeling of autonomy by reining their feeding drives and the plentiful offer of discourses about health, beauty and diets in order to elect just one of these discourses as their guidance to a way of life / Esta dissertação é um estudo sociológico realizado com jovens acometidas por anorexia nervosa, pacientes de um serviço médico especializado no tratamento de transtornos alimentares. Com base no depoimento de três jovens, pretende-se apresentar as contradições vivenciadas por elas no curso do tratamento médico. Neste estudo investigo como as anoréxicas produzem um corpo considerado saudável pela ciência médica. Para tanto, conto como principal interlocutor Michel Foucault. A partir de seu conceito de resistência pretendo perceber como as pacientes anoréxicas produzem suas subjetividades ao negociarem com os saberes médicos e midiáticos de saúde, bem-estar e beleza. É ainda interesse deste trabalho compreender como produção da identidade de gênero aparece no processo de renúncia a um corpo pré-púbere para assumir um corpo sexualmente maduro. Baseada numa abordagem qualitativa e, especificamente, na prática de pesquisa de campo foi possível observar que a experiência anoréxica é essencialmente paradoxal. A produção do corpo anoréxico em corpo saudável exige recomposições entre o desejo de permanecer excessivamente magra e o desejo de ficar boa. A partir dos depoimentos das anoréxicas é possível afirmar que o transtorno é uma manifestação do desacordo entre a tentativa dessas garotas em construir um sentimento de autonomia ao controlar os impulsos alimentares e a impossibilidade de mediar a multiplicidade de discursos sobre saúde, beleza e dietas ou de eleger apenas um desses discursos como modo de vida