The aim of this thesis is to describe the replacement of wire cutting laser cutting for cutting inserts made of hard material. Description of current situation in the company Vydona, tender and choice of laser and the need for post-laser workshop. The next section deals with the cutting of a particular sample. The last part of the technical economic assessment are calculated hourly rates of machines and the time and cost loads of different cutting inserts.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / This study begins with an ethnographic self-study which allows for a reflection on traditional learning experiences. This study is located in the context of the initial development of dental health professionals within those higher education institutions that endeavour to provide education and training in a rapidly changing context. This context is characterised by the simultaneous need to address the blurring of boundaries and the dichotomies that exist such as the first world and the third world, the developed and the less developed world, the rich and the poor, health and wealth, the private and the public sectors, the formal and the informal sectors, the advantaged and the disadvantaged, the privileged and the underprivileged. The definitions, concepts, theories and principles around curricula and professional development are examined in an effort to extend into discoveries of educational research usually beyond the purview of dental health practitioners, policy makers or higher education specialists involved in training these dental health practitioners. It poses key questions regarding the nature of professional competences within dental health science undergraduate studies and how the curricula are organised around these perceptions of competence. Investigative tools include participant observation, interviews and questionnaires which have included both education deliverers - the teaching staff - and education consumers - the students. The areas of access by students to programmes (input), activities whilst in the programmes (throughput) and their competences at the exit end of the programme (output) are examined. It was found that institutions and programmes are paradoxically positioned declaring missions to be globally competitive and internationally recognised and at the same time wanting to reach out to the population who are disadvantaged and who form a majority. Whilst the needs of the wider community is for basic dental services and primary health care, the resources appear to be geared for producing technologically-superior professionals who will cater for a largely urban and middle class populations. The resources available, particularly human resources, for this training, are going through a critical shortage. Simultaneously demands are being made to challenge the epistemological rationale of the curriculum practice of the training sites at both universities and technikons (now known as universities of technology). These findings reveal that the SAQA demands and the proposed transformation of higher education provided an impetus for schools and departments within universities and technikons and their institutes to look at educational concepts and to transform curricula. This shift was found to be hampered by a variety of causes which included territorial protection, lack of a deep understanding of the education and training concepts and lack of human, physical and financial resources. It was also found that traditional designs of programmes are locked into tribal boundaries which restrict movement beyond these. The boundaries are ring-fenced by historical legacies and practices which confine programmes within these borders and continue to cement the fragmented development of dental health science professionals. The education and training of the different dental health science occupational categories are fragmented between institutes, within institutes and with three separate professional regulating bodies and, seemingly, disjointed functioning national and provincial departments of health and education. This (education and training) is found to be dominated by the traditional mould of teaching, learning and assessment with pockets of change in some schools and departments. Teaching units in the form of subjects, which operate as discrete units and remain entrenched by the habituations of subjects and departments within schools, restricts movement in the competence-based direction. The framework offered by this thesis sets broader and more fluid principles and guidelines which embody the notion of knowledge, skills, attitudes and values and which course designers and educators can utilise so that renewed ways can emerge for their programmes. This allows for a cross over into each other's territories (regulatory, institutional and the health and educational services) that will allow for courses to be designed more holistically and rationally with appropriate transformatory potential.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:16:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fatima Daltro de Castro Correia.pdf: 981156 bytes, checksum: c066fd1d35e52db7caca7f986cb0bf9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-11 / The increase of the images media exposition of wheels chair bodies promotes the impression to collaborate for the social inclusion of the body that we nominate deficient. However, the action of the nominations consecrated for the press, as of pcd (person with deficiency), operates exactly in the contrary direction, exposing the deficiency, transforming it into a stigma. The images of wheels chair bodies that are spreadon media are always associates to the question of the overcoming of limits, tying those bodies only to the values in circulation in the sport world. The prominence that the Paraolimpics Games occupies in the media inserts there, in the consolidation of the boarding of these bodies with images that congeal around an uniform way of the deficiencies in an only niche, delimited for the adopted concept of efficiency/productivity. A critical reflection regarding this situation becomes necessary to be able to deal with the dance that this body practises outside the narrow limits imposed for this stigma mechanism. For this, we here adopt the Theory Corpomedia (Katz & Greiner), with which if it presents the hypothesis of that the wheels chair body dancer is a complex system and able to breach with the perverse speech that the frozen images produce. The concept of corpomedia, formulated from the study of the communication between body, and its environments, favor the agreement of the paper that the media exploration has when it congeals the images that produce around the deficiency and not of the deficient one with its singularities. The methodology contemplates a Study of Case, Judite wants to cry, but it does not get it! , created for the wheels chair dancer Edu Oliveira; interviews aiming qualitative research; critical analysis of these interviews, carried through after the presentation of the spectacle in two different cities (Salvador and Votorantim); bibliographical revision of the subject of the deficient body; video registers. The bibliographical research allowed a brief historical panoramic sketch of the access of the wheels chair bodies to the world of dance and its social implications. Conclusion is that that the wheels chair dancer is cultural and biologically implied in a system of construction of images that associates him with a poor body and that they feed who it cognitivaly, with ominous consequences for the process of its social inclusion. From there the urgency in promoting actions that can breach with the media action in course. This is the role for the dance in wheels chair has and, to accomplish it, cannot be remained based in the criteria of the sport. The dance in wheels chair needs to discover its poetical, therefore they are who potencializes an effective social insertion / O aumento da exposição midiática de imagens de corpos cadeirantes promove a impressão de colaborar para a inclusão social do corpo que nomeamos de deficiente. Todavia, a ação das nomeações consagradas pela imprensa, como a de pcd (pessoa com deficiência), opera justamente no sentido contrário, midiatizando a deficiência, transformando-a em um estigma. As imagens de corpos cadeirantes que ganham divulgação estão sempre associadas à questão da superação de limites, vinculando aqueles corpos somente aos valores em circulação no mundo do desporto. O destaque que a Paraolimpíada ocupa na mídia se insere aí, na consolidação da abordagem desses corpos com imagens que se congelam em torno de uma uniformização das deficiências em um nicho único, delimitado pelo conceito de eficiência/produtividade adotado. Faz-se necessária uma reflexão crítica a respeito dessa situação para poder tratar da dança que esse corpo pratica fora dos estreitos limites impostos por esse mecanismo estigmatizador. Para isso, aqui se adota a Teoria Corpomídia (Katz & Greiner), com a qual se apresenta a hipótese de que o corpo do dançarino cadeirante é um sistema complexo e apto a romper com o discurso perverso que as imagens congeladas produzem. O conceito de corpomídia, formulado a partir do estudo da comunicação entre corpo, e seus ambientes, favorece o entendimento do papel que a exploração midiática tem quando congela as imagens que produz em torno da deficiência e não do deficiente com suas singularidades. A metodologia contempla um Estudo de Caso, o do espetáculo Judite quer chorar, mas não consegue! , criado pelo dançarino cadeirante Edu Oliveira; entrevistas com fins de pesquisa qualitativa; análise crítica dessas entrevistas, realizadas após a apresentação do espetáculo em duas cidades diferentes (Salvador e Votorantim); revisão bibliográfica do tema do corpo deficiente; registros em vídeo. A pesquisa bibliográfica permitiu um breve esboço panorâmico/ histórico do acesso dos cadeirantes ao mundo da dança e suas implicações sociais. Concluiu-se que o dançarino cadeirante é cultural e biologicamente implicado em um sistema de construção de imagens que o associam ao corpo coitadinho e que são elas que o alimentam cognitivamente, com conseqüências nefastas para o processo de sua inclusão social. Daí a urgência em promover ações que possam romper com a ação midiática em curso. É esse o papel que a dança em cadeira de rodas tem e, para desempenhá-lo, não pode se manter pautada pelos critérios do desporto. A dança em cadeira de rodas precisa descobrir as suas poéticas, pois são elas que potencializam uma inserção social efetiva

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第17581号 / 工博第3740号 / 新制||工||1570(附属図書館) / 30347 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科電子工学専攻 / (主査)教授 木本 恒暢, 教授 藤田 静雄, 准教授 浅野 卓 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are found worldwide, particularly in places where warm, well-lit, and stagnant waters are common. HABs can have negative effects on aquatic plants and wildlife due to the reduction in light availability associated with turbidity, decrease in O2 availability, and the production of secondary metabolites that can harm or even prove lethal. Aquatic ecosystems are regularly being affected by elevated salinity because of recent water management strategies, episodes of drought, and salt water intrusion. This research focused on how salinity levels ranging from 0-10ppt affected physiological attributes such as cellular growth and abundance, cell mortality, toxin release, and oxidative stress in the toxigenic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa. It was determined that salinity treatments of 7ppt and above caused a decrease in both cellular growth and abundance, as well as an increase in toxin release due to cell mortality. M. aeruginosa was able to survive in salinities up to 7ppt. A pattern of caspase activity in response to elevated salinity was shown, but whether cellular mortality was due solely to programmed cell death (PCD) was not definitive. A strong antioxidant response, measured through catalase activity, was noted when salinity was enhanced to 7ppt. Above this value, the damaging effects of salinity caused elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death. It was determined that the maximum amount of hydrogen peroxide that M. aeruginosa could withstand without significant impact to growth and abundance was below 250µM. Salinities of 7ppt and above had a negative impact on the physiology of M. aeruginosa, leading to cell death and an increase in microcystin release into the environment. These two factors can lead to fish kills, poor drinking water, and other recreational and commercial problems for an aquatic ecosystem. By determining the precise salinity that HAB cellular mortality is imminent, predictive models can be employed to predict the impacts of salt intrusion and groundwater management.

The aim of the thesis is to design, conduct and assess an experiment seeking to look into the utility properties of recent tools manufactured by HAM-FINAL. The tools include polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and CVD diamond cutting edges. In the theoretical part, the attention is devoted to cutting materials with an emphasis on diamond materials, as well as to issues associated with the wearing of the cutting tools, requirements specified for precision of bores and tools used in the manufacture of precision bores. The paper further provides an overview of a selection of world’s leading manufacturers of PCD blanks, CVD diamond coatings, CVD diamond layers and reamers with PCD cutting edges.

Die Arbeit beschreibt die Anfertigung eines speziellen SOI-Substrates, bei dem eine strukturierte Kobaltdisilizidschicht zwischen dem vergrabenen Oxid und der Silizium- Bauelementeschicht angeordnet ist. Dieses soll für die gemeinsame Integration bipolarerer und unipolarerer Bauelemente auf einem SOI-Substrat im Bereich der Höchstfrequenztechnik Anwendung finden. Verschiedene Technologien zur Herstellung von SOI-Substraten sowie deren Eigenschaften werden vorgestellt und in Hinblick auf eine mögliche Anwendung diskutiert. Schließlich wurden die konventionellen Technologien, Bond and Etchback SOI (BESOI) und wasserstoffinduzierte Delamination (SmartCut®), als geeignet ausgewählt. Es wurden erstmalig durchgängige Technologiekonzepte erarbeitet, welche die Prozesse zur SOI- Substratfertigung und die Teilschritte zur Herstellung hochwertiger Kobaltdisilizidschichten mittels des Kobalt-Salicide-Prozesses enthalten. Schwerpunkte bei der Silizidherstellung waren die Metallabscheidung mit sehr guter Homogenität sowie die zur Silizierung notwen-digen Hochtemperaturprozesse. Weiterhin wurde ein nasschemischer Prozess entwickelt, welcher das Ätzen der Ausgangsmetalle, selektiv zur entstehenden Silizidschicht, ermöglicht. Ein Schlüsselprozess in beiden Technologien ist das Waferbonden, welches in Hinblick auf Funktionalität und Fehlerfreiheit optimiert wurde. Für den BESOI-Prozess ist das Wafergrinden die kritische Technologie. Dabei war es vor allem notwendig, eine optimale Restsiliziumdicke zu finden. Bei der SmartCut®-Technologie stellte die Wasserstoffionen-implantation durch abwechselnde Gebiete mit und ohne Silizid mit der gleichen Reichweite der implantierten Ionen eine große Herausforderung dar. Die Grenzfläche zwischen dem Kobaltdisilizid und dem Silizium der Bauelementeschicht ist bei Verwendung des konventionellen Kobalt-Salicide-Prozesses zu rau für die Anwendung als vergrabenes Silizid in einem SOI-Substrat. Durch Modifikation von Prozessparametern und durch die Anordnung verschiedener Schichten zwischen Silizium und Kobalt während der Silizidherstellung wurde versucht, eine Verbesserung der Grenzflächenqualität zu erzielen. Mit der Verwendung einer polykristallinen Siliziumzwischenschicht gelang es schließlich, die Rauhigkeitswerte signifikant zu senken. Schließlich wurde die Eigenschaft des Kobalts untersucht, in den Siliziumkristall einzudringen und die Rekombinationslebensdauer der Minoritätsladungsträger zu senken. Durch die Verwendung eines reineren Sputtertargets und die Modifikation der Schichtgeometrien während der Silizidherstellung wurde versucht, eine Verbesserung der Lebensdauerwerte zu erzielen.

The cerebellum affects a number of important and complex processes in the organism. It ensures coordination, motor learning and plays an important role in cognitive and affective functions. In the case of cerebellar degeneration, we find not only the movement disorders but also behavioral abnormalities, collectively referred to as cognitive-affective syndrome. The aim of this work was to investigate motor functions during ontogenesis in animal models of hereditary cerebellar degeneration - mutant mice Lurcher and Purkinje cell degeneration using the device for quantitative gait analysis and rotarod. In addition, the effect of physical activity on the extent of ataxia and manifestations in classical behavioral tests was monitored. The results confirmed significant differences in motor skills between mutant and healthy mice; differences were also observed in some gait parameters, especially in walking speed and parameters that correlate with it. The motor functions of most groups of mice did not change during ontogenesis, pcd mice deteriorated their performance on the rotarod. The effect of physical activity was not found, with the exception of Forced swimming test. Physical activity of set intensity did not have any beneficial effect on the motoric manifestations of the mice.

Machining of Aluminum can be complicated due to large amounts of adhesion and diffusion of the aluminum onto the cutting tool, causing effects such as built-up layers and built-up edges. This leads to poor surface finishes and can significantly affect the tool life. CVD diamond coated tools have shown to be a potential solution to this problem and is tested and analyzed as such in this thesis. CVD diamond coated inserts are tested and compared to uncoated cemented carbide inserts and Polycrystalline diamond tipped inserts, in milling, turning and in refined tribological methods. The workpiece material in both the machine tests and the tribological tests is a high strength aluminum of the name Alumec 89. The machine tests were performed for 5 and 60 seconds at three cutting speeds, 600, 900 and 1200 m/min, keeping other parameters constant. The cutting inserts, the chips and the generated workpiece surface are examined using LOM, SEM and EDS. In the refined tribological testing, a pin-turning tribometer is used, with pins of uncoated and coated (CVD diamond) cemented carbide pins. These are tested at 5 and 30 seconds at 600 and 1200 m/min, applying a constant force of 10 N. In addition, a friction test was performed to measure the friction of the uncoated and the CVD diamond coated cemented carbide. Like the cutting inserts, the used pins were examined in LOM and SEM. The results show that while a large amount of built-up layer and built-up edges gather when using uncoated cemented carbide tools, only minimal amounts can be detected on CVD diamond and PCD. It has also been shown that the reason for the reduced adhesion in the case of diamond tooling materials is most likely due to the lack of chemical interactions between the diamond and the aluminum. The friction of the CVD diamond material was shown to be lower compared to the cemented carbide. The surface finish generated by the different materials, was the best in the case of PCD while the CVD generated multiple small scratches that severely reduced the surface roughness. This thesis provides some initial basic understanding of the interaction of CVD diamond coated inserts with high strength aluminum alloys.