University of Technology, Sydney. / This thesis focuses on individual memory and personally held objects as an essential source of orientation and coherence in history. The primary theoretical aim of this thesis is to interrogate the contention that conventional public forms of history do not always reflect how individuals negotiate with the past publicly or privately. Through the use of oral testimony to explore the memories attached to the material culture people keep I will consider why particular objects become sites of memory for individuals, how their significance changes as succeeding generations inscribe them with new meanings and speculate on the ways in which the materiality of the objects can contribute to how different generations construct their own sense of the past. Using the interrelationship between the objects and memories which emerge from the interviews I will discuss the establishment of family and cultural traditions, why people invest objects with particular meanings, the role of gender in the keeping of objects and raise issues regarding the place of personal memory and privately held objects in public history and museology.

University of Technology, Sydney. / This thesis focuses on individual memory and personally held objects as an essential source of orientation and coherence in history. The primary theoretical aim of this thesis is to interrogate the contention that conventional public forms of history do not always reflect how individuals negotiate with the past publicly or privately. Through the use of oral testimony to explore the memories attached to the material culture people keep I will consider why particular objects become sites of memory for individuals, how their significance changes as succeeding generations inscribe them with new meanings and speculate on the ways in which the materiality of the objects can contribute to how different generations construct their own sense of the past. Using the interrelationship between the objects and memories which emerge from the interviews I will discuss the establishment of family and cultural traditions, why people invest objects with particular meanings, the role of gender in the keeping of objects and raise issues regarding the place of personal memory and privately held objects in public history and museology.

Submitted by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-01-23T15:57:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação RSB 24 jul 2014.pdf: 1041848 bytes, checksum: 693131bb7c15cdf8ea98c42d6208f8ed (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-01-23T16:06:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação RSB 24 jul 2014.pdf: 1041848 bytes, checksum: 693131bb7c15cdf8ea98c42d6208f8ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-23T16:06:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação RSB 24 jul 2014.pdf: 1041848 bytes, checksum: 693131bb7c15cdf8ea98c42d6208f8ed (MD5) / Apresenta pesquisa sobre a institucionalização de arquivos pessoais pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), e o processo de aquisição dos arquivos pessoais do médico sanitarista Cláudio Amaral, e da enfermeira de formação Samaritana, Virgínia Portocarrero. O primeiro, um médico sanitarista que participou ativamente do processo de erradicação de doenças como varíola e poliomielite, por meio das campanhas de imunização, no Brasil e no exterior. A segunda, uma enfermeira de formação samaritana que integrou o corpo de enfermeiras da Força Expedicionária Brasileira (FEB) por meio do voluntariado, durante a mobilização civil que antecedeu o ingresso do Brasil na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Conceitua arquivos pessoais e aquisição de arquivos por meio dos conceitos de recolhimento e de doação, assumindo que os arquivos pessoais são adquiridos pela Fiocruz por meio da doação. Analisa o conceito de aquisição de acervos arquivísticos, museológicos e bibliográficos, segundo as políticas institucionais, evidenciando esta ação como fundamental para a preservação e o acesso aos acervos custodiados pelas instituições que se dedicam à preservação da memória. Descreve o processo de aquisição dos arquivos analisados a partir da documentação existente sobre cada eles e de questionários aplicados aos participantes da aquisição desses arquivos sobre a aquisição dos mesmos. Conclui que os critérios para a aquisição de arquivos pessoais são a relevância desses arquivos para a pesquisa, de acordo com o alinhamento dos mesmos ao perfil do acervo custodiado pela instituição e seus temas de interesse, que são: as ciências, a saúde e a Saúde Pública; que o processo de aquisição é executado com base em etapas; e que deve ser documentado com vistas à formalização e ao registro de informações sobre o arquivo adquirido. / Presents research on the institutionalization of personal files by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), as well as on the process of acquisition of the personal archives from sanitary doctor Cláudio Amaral, and those from the Samaritan nurse trainer, Virgínia Portocarrero. Cláudio Amaral was a public health physician who actively participated in the eradication process of diseases such as smallpox and polio through immunization campaigns in Brazil and abroad. Virgínia Portocarrero was a nurse with Samaritan training who volunteered to the body of nurses of the Força Expedicionária Brasileira (FEB) during the civil mobilization that preceeded the entry of Brazil in World War II. It conceptualizes personal archives and the procurement of archives through the concepts of recollection and donation, assuming that personal archives are acquired by Fiocruz by donation. It examines the concept of acquiring archival, museum and library collections according to institutional policies, evidencing this action as vital to the preservation and the access to collections held in custody by institutions dedicated to memory preservation. It describes the acquisition process of the analyzed archives from the analysis of the existing documentation on each of them and from questionnaires given to the participants of the acquisition process of these archives. It concludes that the main criteria used on the acquisition of personal archives is their relevance for research, according to their alignment to the collection already guarded by the institution and its topics of interest, which are Sciences, Health and Public Health; that the acquisition process is executed based on steps; and that it must be documented in order to formalize and record information on the purchased archive.

This essay has its background in the work I’ve been conducting organizing and cataloging two personal archives concerning the life and work of two vicars, Johan Axel Björkman and P.A. Björkman. The time span of the papers stretches from 1823 to 1982. The main problems I’ve been confronted with during this work have to do with respecting provenance and original order. I discuss these principles in relation to the experiences I’ve had with the vicar archives as well as to the special character of personal archives in general. I also discuss the use of Martin Grass’ scheme for personal archives. The essay constitutes my one year master’s thesis in archival science.

Orientadora: Maria Leandra Bizello / Banca: Márcia Cristina de Carvalho Pazin Vitoriano / Banca: Telma Campanha de Carvalho Madio / Banca: Maria Celina Soares de Mello e Silva / Banca: Georgete Medleg Rodrigues / Resumo: A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar os processos simbólicos que revestem e conduzem a incorporação de arquivos pessoais por entidades de custódia no Brasil. O problema desta pesquisa encontra-se na questão: De que forma se constituiu, no Brasil, um imaginário que fundamenta e regula a prática de institucionalização dos arquivos pessoais? Esta questão se estrutura a partir da hipótese que de as instituições analisadas estabeleceram e instituíram um imaginário no qual a institucionalização de arquivos pessoais representa uma forma renovada de legitimação de elementos sociais já instituídos na sociedade. Como uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, a metodologia utilizada se estrutura em levantamento bibliográfico e documental, com o uso de bibliografia, nacional e estrangeira, especializada em arquivos pessoais e documentos históricos, de modo que fornecesse as bases para os debates que são desenvolvidos. Como pesquisa documental, nos utilizamos dos processos de incorporação de acervos produzidos pelas entidades analisadas. A proposta de utilizar este corpus documental se justifica pela busca por elementos que fornecessem subsídios para compreender as circunstâncias que circundam o trabalho de seleção e incorporação de arquivos pessoais por estas instituições. Foram realizadas também entrevistas com agentes que atuaram especificamente nestes processos de incorporação de arquivos pessoais nas entidades analisadas. Como recorte temporal, foi escolhido o período em que, recon... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research aims to analyze the symbolic processes that cover and conduct the personal archives' incorporation by safekeeping entities in Brazil. The problem of this research lies in the question: How was constituted, in Brazil, an ideal that substantiate and regulate the personal archives' institutionalization practice? This question structures itself from the hypothesis that the analyzed institutions - and it is believed to the rest that do not integrate documental research - established and founded an ideal in which the institutionalization of personal archives represents a renewed form of legitimation of social elements already instituted in the society. As a qualitative nature research, the used methodology is structured in bibliographical and documental search, with the use of Brazilian and foreign bibliography, specialized in personal archives and historical documents, in a way that would provide the groundwork to the debates that will be developed. As documental research, we gathered from processes of collection incorporations produced by the analyzed institutions. The proposal to utilize such documental corpus is justified by the search of elements that would supply subsidies to comprehend the circumstances that surround the personal archives selection and incorporation work by these institutions. There was also interviews with agents that worked specifically in these personal archives incorporation processes by the analyzed entities. As a temporal cut, it was chos... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Information Science / D.Litt. et Phil. (Information Science)

個人檔案不僅是一個人一生的總合紀錄，更重要地，可以補充國家歷史記憶，對研究社會歷史、風俗民情具有重要的參考價值。但基於個人檔案之特殊產生方式及不具固定書寫格式等性質，檔案典藏單位在個人檔案的整理實務上，如何進行最佳的編排與描述，以提升檔案資訊的有效利用，亦成為重要的研究課題。 本研究採用「文獻分析法」、「深度訪談法」及「比較法」進行研究。以具代表性的兩大典藏機構(國史館、中央研究院)為研究對象，中央研究院內以近史所檔案館、近史所胡適紀念館、史語所傅斯年圖書館、台史所古文書室等四個單位為代表。首先藉由文獻分析及深度訪談探究個人檔案典藏單位對於個人檔案編排與描述之現況，然後加以比較分析。 根據研究結果，對於國內個人檔案典藏單位編排與描述實務，提出結論如下：一、編排實務現況：(一)多數檔案典藏單位無法遵守原始順序原則，(二)檔案典藏單位缺乏一致性的編排原則；二、描述實務現況：(一)檔案典藏單位缺乏一致性的內容描述標準，(二)多數檔案典藏單位缺乏全宗及系列層級的描述，(三)「題名、摘要、日期、實體描述、備註、使用限制」是各單位共同描述的項目，(四)大部分檔案典藏單位未進行權威控制工作；三、相較於一般檔案，個人檔案的編排與描述面臨更多的問題與挑戰。 最後就前述研究結論，提出建議：一、擬定一致性的編排原則與描述標準；二、將個人檔案納入全國性檔案聯合目錄之中；三、強化檔案產生者的描述；四、加強全宗及系列層級的描述；五、建置個人檔案人名權威檔；六、加強個人檔案整編人員的專業訓練；七、成立個人檔案特殊興趣團體。 / Personal archives are not just the records of one's life. More importantly, they are contributing to a nation's history and are valuable in research on social history and cultural habits. However, because of the special way that personal archives are produced and their lack of unified formats, how the arrangement and descriptions of these archives are managed by repositories to elevate their value as resources becomes an important question to be discussed. This study used "literary analysis," "in-depth interviews" and "comparisons" on our subjects and it used two representative archives: the Academia Historica and Academia Sinica of Taiwan. Within the Academia Sinica, we chose the Archives and Hu Shih Memorial Hall of the Institute of Modern History, the Library of the Institute of History and Philology, and the Paleography Archives of the Institute of Taiwan History for our study. First, we explored the situations of the arrangements and descriptions of personal archives in these institutions through literary analysis and in-depth interviews; then we ran the results through comparative analysis. According to our findings, we reached the following conclusions on the current arrangements and descriptions of personal archive repositories in Taiwan: First, on arrangement: 1) most repositories do not follow the original order, and 2) repositories often lack unified formatting principles. Second, on descriptions: 1) repositories lack unified content description guidelines, 2) most repositories lack descriptions for fonds and series, 3) common elements shared by various repositories are: title of unit, abstract, date of unit, physical description, notes and restrictions on use, 4) most repositoires are not under authority control. Third, compared to public records, the arrangements and descriptions of personal archives are more problematic and challenging. Finally, based on the aforementioned conclusions, we suggest: 1) a set of unified arrangement principles and description guidelines be set, 2) personal archives be added into the contents of national archives, 3) more emphasis be placed on the descriptions of creators, 4) more emphasis be placed on the descriptions of fonds and series, 5) name authority files be established, 6) professional training for personal archivers be provided, and 7) interest groups for personal archives be established.

O crescente uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação a partir dos anos oitenta impulsionou no cenário arquivístico novas discussões em torno das questões de preservação e acesso aos arquivos, dentre outras. Neste contexto, a comunidade arquivística investiu no desenvolvimento de padrões e modelos para a descrição arquivística apresentando dentre os objetivos centrais a possibilidade de intercâmbio entre os arquivos e a ampliação do uso dos acervos. Contudo, este processo modelizador destituiu da descrição arquivística sua natureza de pesquisa, na medida em que não foi criado o devido espaço para a discussão teórico-metodológica pertinente a sua natureza. O problema atinge os arquivos em geral. Em nosso trabalho vamos analisar o impacto deste efeito modelizador e suas implicações no âmbito dos arquivos pessoais, uma vez que suas características mais específicas exigem do arquivista um trabalho de pesquisa detalhado em busca da reconstrução dos vínculos arquivísticos. / The increasing use of information and communication technologies since the 1980s has given an impulse to new discussions in the archival science field concerning digital preservation and access to archives, among other themes. In this context the community of archivists developed standards and models for archival description declaring as some of its aims the encouragement of the interchange between archives and the possibility of increasing the use of archive collections. However, this modeling process in fact deprived archival description of its research nature since it did not include or address the theoretical and methodological discussion pertinent to its own nature. This problem exists in all archives. In our work we will analise the impact of this modeling effect and its implications for personal archives, since they present more specific characteristics that demand from the archivist a more detailed research approach to reconstruct the archival bond.

O crescente uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação a partir dos anos oitenta impulsionou no cenário arquivístico novas discussões em torno das questões de preservação e acesso aos arquivos, dentre outras. Neste contexto, a comunidade arquivística investiu no desenvolvimento de padrões e modelos para a descrição arquivística apresentando dentre os objetivos centrais a possibilidade de intercâmbio entre os arquivos e a ampliação do uso dos acervos. Contudo, este processo modelizador destituiu da descrição arquivística sua natureza de pesquisa, na medida em que não foi criado o devido espaço para a discussão teórico-metodológica pertinente a sua natureza. O problema atinge os arquivos em geral. Em nosso trabalho vamos analisar o impacto deste efeito modelizador e suas implicações no âmbito dos arquivos pessoais, uma vez que suas características mais específicas exigem do arquivista um trabalho de pesquisa detalhado em busca da reconstrução dos vínculos arquivísticos. / The increasing use of information and communication technologies since the 1980s has given an impulse to new discussions in the archival science field concerning digital preservation and access to archives, among other themes. In this context the community of archivists developed standards and models for archival description declaring as some of its aims the encouragement of the interchange between archives and the possibility of increasing the use of archive collections. However, this modeling process in fact deprived archival description of its research nature since it did not include or address the theoretical and methodological discussion pertinent to its own nature. This problem exists in all archives. In our work we will analise the impact of this modeling effect and its implications for personal archives, since they present more specific characteristics that demand from the archivist a more detailed research approach to reconstruct the archival bond.

The object of this two years master's thesis has been to study a specific genre of personal archives by examiningthe archives of nine parents who have lost one or several infants. Using internet-based methods, (e-mail, Skypeand digital photographs), I have conducted qualitative research using a general interview guide technique. Usingresearch from archival theory as well as other fields, my material has been arranged and analysed according tothemes and recurring thoughts picked up from my informants during the interviews.My main theoretical aid has been that the role of parent who has lost a child is the starting point for the creationof the personal archives. Another important theory is my definition of the term “document” as not dependent onmedium and format, but on usage: if an object has been used as a part of an archive, it is a document. I also claimthat study of personal archives is a way to help the archival profession and Swedish archival theory to becomemore democratic and inclusive, since especially the former is mandated to reflect all of society's many manifestationsof culture and memory. The results show that the archives contain a large selection of documents in differentformats and mediums, but that they also have many similarities. This is an effect of the fact that the parentshave all had roughly the same document-creating contacts with their relatives and friends, the authorities and theother parts of society often involved in the events proceeding the child's birth and death (or sickness and death).The reasons to create and maintain a personal archive are to preserve the memories of events, people, places,thoughts and feelings associated with the child and whatever time the parents got to spend with him or her. By remembering,the parents are also confirming the child's existence and place within the family, and helping themselvesconfirm their newly acquired role as parents who have lost a child. The archives and their constituent partsare used as physical and psychological “linking objects”, to help the parents feel (at least temporary) closer totheir child by watching, touching or talking about the most important documents. These are often the ones displayedon special memory shelves, on family photo walls or in memory boxes. It follows that arrangement of thedocuments is based mostly on the emotional attachment of the parent to the individual document, and that destructionof records are extremely rare in the studied archives. Their growth diminished with time, but does notstop completely since the parents, other relatives and friends still create new documents, mostly to observe holidaysand anniversaries. Furthermore, the way the parents use their archives and its constituent parts change astime passes. Individual documents may also change their emotional and cultural significance to the parent, orgain additional ones. Some of the underlying factors behind these findings are my informants views on creating,keeping and destroying documents. They all express a need to “save everything”, and most also want to “documenteverything”. The latter, their wish to create new documents to complement the ones created primarily byothers and as a result of specific events and processes, comes from a feeling of not having enough documents inthe archives. It can also be the result of dissatisfaction with those that do exist. Finally, as is commonplace amongpersonal archives, the archives in my study have multiple record creators within the immediate family and outsideit, even though my informants are usually the main creators. This is a two years master’s thesis in Archive,Library and Museum studies.