Diante do cenário de crise econômica vivenciado no Brasil nos últimos anos, a preocupação em minimizar os seus efeitos na vida financeira da população tornou-se fundamental. Assim, evidenciar fatores que possam ter contribuído para um maior nível de impacto pelo choque é importante para que se formule campanhas de conscientização financeira, visando maior bem estar da população. Com base nisso, este trabalho testa, através de uma regressão logística ordinal, a influência do comportamento do indivíduo no nível de impacto por choques econômicos. Para isso foram utilizados 366 questionários aplicados na região da Grande Porto Alegre. Foram, assim, analisadas e comparadas as principais características de quatro categorias de impacto: não afetados pelo choque financeiro, afetados de forma fraca, moderada e forte. Os principais resultados apontaram diferenças de comportamento significativas entre as pessoas menos afetadas e aquelas mais impactadas no que se refere a lócus de controle e comportamento financeiro, confirmando que as variáveis testadas podem ajudar a explicar o nível de impacto. / Given the economic crisis scenario that Brazil has been facing in recent years, the concern to minimize its effects in the financial life of the population has increased greatly. Therefore, to evidence factors that might have contributed to a higher level of impact caused by its shock is important to create campaigns promoting financial awareness which aim to improve the population's well-being. Thus, the present work aims to analyze, through an ordinal logistic regression, the powerful influence of the behavior in the impact of economic shocks on people. To achieve this purpose, 366 questionnaires were applied in the region of great Porto Alegre. The main characteristics of four impact categories were analyzed and compared: those not affected by the financial shock, those who were weakly affected, those who were partially affected and those who were strongly affected by the financial shock. The main results showed significant differences in behavior among the least affected people and those most impacted regarding the control locus and financial behavior, confirming that the variables tested can help to explain the levels of impact.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os aspectos psicológicos de pacientes em lista de transplante renal são importantes, pois podem ter reflexo na sua adaptação pós-transplante. Diante disto, os fatores de personalidade, a autoeficácia e os sintomas depressivos são variáveis destacadas na literatura que podem ter relação com os resultados do tratamento nestes pacientes. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar fatores de personalidade, autoeficácia e depressão em pacientes em lista de espera para transplante renal. Participaram 65 pacientes, homens e mulheres adultos, em lista de espera para transplante renal em tratamento de hemodiálise na cidade de Porto Alegre, com idade média de 49,11 anos (DP=11,58). Instrumentos: Ficha de Dados sóciodemográficos e clínicos, Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade (BFP), Escala de Autoeficácia Geral Percebida e Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Resultados: Análise de correlação de Pearson mostrou associações positivas entre os fatores Extroversão (r=-0,35, p<0,01), Realização (r=0,41, p<0,01) e auto- efic

Is personality important for understanding the variation we see in animal welfare? In this thesis, I address that question by studying the association between personality and health, welfare, and happiness in three species of nonhuman primate: rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), brown capuchins (Sapajus apella), and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). As part of this research I test a newly designed animal welfare questionnaire. In Chapter 1 I review how animal welfare questionnaires can be designed and implemented as an addition tool for assessing animal welfare. In Chapter 2 I present a study of rhesus macaque personality, dominance, behaviour, and health. In Chapter 3 I test the reliability and validity of my animal welfare questionnaire. In Chapter 4 I extended my work on welfare questionnaires to test if they are valid for assessment of chimpanzee welfare and associated with personality. I specifically test if welfare ratings are based on observed behaviour. I conclude my quantitative work in Chapter 5 with a study testing the association between personality and health, welfare, and subjective well-being in rhesus macaques. Finally, Chapter 6 includes my conclusions and future directions for this line of research. Across all four quantitative studies some common trends were found. First, personality is associated with overall welfare and health. Second, welfare questionnaires are reliable and valid way to assess welfare in the studied species. And third, welfare and subjective well-being are measuring the same construct in these species. Overall, I conclude that personality is clearly useful for understanding animal welfare and that questionnaires are a reliable, valid, and valuable method of animal welfare assessment, in additional to traditional methods.

Background: Companies nowadays cannot differentiate efficiently enough through their products, therefore require strong brand identities. Especially start-up companies without fully developed products rely on the brand identity to communicate efficiently with its potential customers. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the brand identity of a start-up by applying commonly used models of brand identity and to see the extent of applicability of these models in the case of a start-up. Design/Methodology/Approach: Qualitative research that includes semi-structured interviews with seven participants, where five interviewees work within the company and two interviewees who have a close working connection to it. Findings: The models used are to a small extent applicable in terms of brand personality and brand culture. A brand identity has been described from the same perspectives. Theoretical and Managerial Implication: Adjustment of existing models according to changes in business related settings is argued. Further establishment of the components of brand culture is recommended.

In recent years, energy efficiency in the built environment has been attracting considerable interest to mitigate energy consumption. A number of scientific studies indicate that rising air pollution, decreasing biodiversity, ocean acidification and other adverse effects on humans and the environment in recent decades are due to greenhouse gas emissions, and a substantial share of the emissions can be attributed to energy usage in residential buildings. Investments in energy-efficient technologies have been made to alleviate such human induced causes contributing to the emissions, but they are still far from widespread, calling for a thorough understanding of individuals' decision-making processes to promote further adoption of energy efficiency investments. Although personality has been widely recognised as an explanatory factor of behaviour, a rigorous discussion of it in the context of energy efficiency investments is missing. As such, to understand the role of personality traits in making high-cost energy efficiency investments in residential buildings, this research applies a multidisciplinary approach to derive theoretical models that are evaluated in subsequent empirical investigations using quantitative methods and data from the UK and Germany. The findings suggest three ways through which personality can influence energy efficiency investments. The first is an indirect impact of personality traits through risk preferences, in which the significance of the personality effects depends on the financial subsidy context. The second is an indirect effect of personality traits through environmental concern. The third way suggests an impact of personality traits through their importance for individuals' capability and willingness to consider peer behaviour.

Nas últimas décadas, transformações políticas, sociais e econômicas alteraram as configurações do mundo do trabalho. A carreira, antes baseada em modelos organizacionais hierárquicos, começou a ser compreendida em termos da percepção individual sobre a sequência de experiências de trabalho no decorrer da vida. Se antes era possível estudá-la a partir de grandes escolhas iniciais, o foco passou a incidir sobre as decisões tomadas continuamente, ao longo de toda a carreira. Frente a esse cenário, surgiu uma demanda por estudos multidisciplinares que permitissem compreender a influência de fatores individuais sobre as decisões de carreira. A Psicologia Individual de Alfred Adler, com sua abordagem teleológica e de ênfase à subjetividade dos indivíduos, apresentou-se como uma perspectiva teórica adequada para esse fim. Dentre os constructos da Psicologia Individual, este estudo empregou a ordem de nascimento, em duas conceituações: posição do indivíduo na ordem de sucessivos nascimentos em sua família (ordem cronológica de nascimento) e interpretação do indivíduo para sua situação no quadro familiar (ordem psicológica de nascimento). Com o propósito de ampliar o conhecimento acerca dos motivos na tomada de decisão, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa com uma amostra não probabilística de 279 profissionais brasileiros que iniciaram suas carreiras há pelo menos 15 anos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário eletrônico e, para a análise inferencial dos dados, utilizaram-se testes não paramétricos (Friedman, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis e Qui-Quadrado). Os resultados das análises estatísticas revelaram associações significativas entre a ordem de nascimento - tanto cronológica como psicológica - e a importância atribuída a diversos motivos de decisão na carreira, reforçando a relevância das percepções individuais sobre situações vividas na infância na compreensão de motivações no desenvolvimento de carreira. A maior parte dos achados corroboraram descrições de Adler para as diferentes posições familiares de nascimento. Os resultados também destacaram a influência temporal sobre a importância atribuída aos motivos de decisão. Recomendam-se novas pesquisas para o aprofundamento dos achados, em outros arranjos familiares e grupos culturais, bem como a abordagem de outros constructos Adlerianos nos estudos empíricos do desenvolvimento de carreira. / In recent decades, political, social and economic changes have modified the settings of the working world. The career, which was previously based on hierarchical organizational models, has begun to be understood in terms of the individual perception about the sequence of work experiences throughout life. At first, it was possible to study careers from the big initial choices, but the focus has now shifted to the decisions continuously made throughout the career. Against such a background, it has emerged a call for multidisciplinary studies allowing for the understanding of the influence of individual factors on career decisions. The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler, with its teleological approach and emphasis on the subjectivity of individuals, was presented as an appropriate theoretical perspective for this purpose. Among all the constructs of Individual Psychology, this study has employed birth order on two different concepts: the individual\'s position in the order of successive births in the family (chronological birth order) and the way the individual interprets his situation in the family context (psychological birth order). With the purpose of increasing the knowledge about motivations in decision making, a descriptive and quantitative research was carried out with a non-probability sample of 279 Brazilian professionals who began their careers at least 15 years ago. Data collection was performed using an online survey and inferential data analysis used nonparametric tests (Friedman, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-Square). The results of statistical analysis demonstrated significant associations between birth order - both chronological and psychological - and the importance attributed to several motives in career decision, reinforcing the relevance of individual perceptions of childhood situations to the understanding of motivations in career development. Most research findings have corroborated Adler\'s descriptions to the different positions of birth in the family. The results have also highlighted time influence on the importance assigned to the various motives in career decision. Further research is recommended to explore these findings in other family arrangements and cultural groups, besides the approach of other Adlerian constructs in empirical studies of career development.

This paper investigates what has caused a lack of Asian American leadership in the corporate space and how transformational leadership can be the solution for these people by using their culture to their advantage. This was accomplished through a comprehensive review of transformational leadership and the personality traits associated with it, as well as psychological research on Asian American issues in the workplace and the role of Asian American culture. Stereotyping and discrimination play a role in the workplace, but usually, what a person can do to combat these issues is not explicated. This thesis aims to fill in that missing information and gives evidence from research that shows that Asian people can take proactive measures against prejudice. They can try to reduce that stigma through a couple different techniques. Transformational leadership is the most effective form of leadership and the style that Asian people should use to become effective leaders. Luckily there are aspects of their culture that already helps them become competent leaders, so it is paramount for companies to nurture those positive qualities. By fixing these issues companies will promote the best personnel which will lead to higher productivity as transformational leaders increase output. Asian Americans will not feel like they are limited by their ethnicity. This will result in greater worker productivity and an actual diversity in the leaders of the company which will lead to higher revenue and a positive public image.

Maritime pilots provide a vital service in facilitating the safe and efficient passage of vessels into and out of ports and waterways worldwide. Lack of effective selection of maritime pilots can jeopardize the welfare of people, property, and marine ecosystems. Based on Edwards' conceptualization of person-job fit theory, this quantitative, ex post facto study was an examination of whether personality traits, as measured by the Personality Research Form E (PRF-E), could predict maritime pilot selection. The research questions were: (a) Is there a significant relationship between respondents' PRF-E scale ratings and selection for a maritime pilot job and (b) How significant is the relationship between each of the 22 PRF-E scale ratings and selection for a maritime pilot job. Using a sample of 328 maritime pilot applicants, binary logistic regression was conducted to determine if any of the PRF-E variables were significant predictors of pilot selection. The results of the logistic regression analysis illustrated a significant predictive relationship between 9 of the 22 PRF-E scales and maritime pilot selection, specifically the traits of abasement, achievement, change, cognitive structure, dominance, harmavoidance, sentience, desirability, and infrequency. Future research should examine the relationship between selected maritime pilots' personality traits and job performance. Potential contributions to positive social change include improving the capability of maritime pilot commissions and associations to make more informed and effective selection decisions. The continued assessment of maritime pilot candidates' personality traits could support the prevention of future vessel accidents, ecological damage, human injuries, and fatalities.

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong>Purpose</strong></p><p>The purpose of this paper is to find out which personal-related factors are influencing on the task performance and the contextual performance of expatriate managers.</p><p><strong>Design/Methodology/Approach</strong></p><p>This research adopts a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews with key-information from the managers taking international assignments.</p><p><strong>Findings</strong></p><p>The findings indicate that there is a series of significant associations between personal-related factors (personality traits, competences/skills, self-willingness and previous experience) and the performance of expatriates’ assignments.</p><p><strong>Research limitations/implications</strong></p><p>One suggestion for further research is to explore deeper and more comprehensive on other less important factors or the important factors which we are overlooking; it also could be more comprehensive on the factors that relate to the performance of expatriates.</p><p><strong>Practical implications</strong></p><p>We present a table of the relationship between personality traits, competences/skills, self-willingness, previous experience and the job performance of expatriates’ assignments. Thus, HR departments can follow this guidance when selecting expatriates to manage overseas assignments. Furthermore, individuals can take this model as a reference when making decisions for their career lives.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Expatriate assignments, personality traits, self-willingness, competences/skills, previous experience, job performance, task performance, contexture performance</p><p><strong>Paper type</strong></p><p>Master Thesis</p>

<p>Wilson's disease (WD), bepatolenticular degeneration, is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, and is characterised by abnormal metabolism and deposition of copper in the liver, brain and other organs. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate the occurrence of psychopathology, as well as personality traits and neuropsychological function in Swedish patients with treated WD. The research subjects were 29 patients with confirmed WD, investigated at the Department of Internal Medicine at Uppsala University Hospital between 1996 and 2000. </p><p>The treated WD patients showed prominent psychopathology as determined by the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale. The spectrum of psychopathological symptoms is not typical of classic psychiatric syndromes, and includes symptoms from Anxiety, Depression and Obsessive-Compulsive disorders as well as Negative Symptoms. In self-assessment, the WD patients tended to underestimate the presence of psychopathological symptoms. The treated WD patients differed in their sleep pattern from the control group, as measured with the Uppsala Sleep Inventory. The spectrum of self-reported symptoms suggests an altered REM sleep function. </p><p>The treated WD patients had significant deviations in personality traits, especially in aggressivity-hostility related scales and Psychic anxiety, compared to healthy controls, as measured with the Karolinska Scales of Personality. The deviations were not related to age, age at onset or duration of WD. The treated WD patients displayed a specific profile of moderate neuropsychological impairment, as determined by the Automated Psychological Test battery. Finally, an attempt was made to search for, possible genotype-phenotype relationships in some ATP7B mutations. </p>