Background: Despite the known benefits of physical activities in the management of many chronic diseases associated with aging, a majority of elderly patients within primary health care have difficulties reach the daily recommendation of physical activity and risking being inactive after physiotherapy. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors influencing their motivation in order to provide support for them to stay physically active after physiotherapy. Aim: To describe the perceived latent motivating factors to stay physically active after physiotherapy among elderly people. Method: The Data was collected by open-ended interviews conducted with ten Swedish patients aged 69-88 years and then analyzed using content analysis and interpreted within   a social cognitive theory framework context.[LN1]  Results: The results contributed to one theme “Ability to cope with one-self, others and the environment“ combined with three categories. The categories were subjective factors, physical activity-related factors, and environmental factors. The result supports the participants’ characteristics that were partially similar to those in older age population. However, the current study contributed with new knowledge within each category. The outcome of these factors has shown that all participants enjoy high self-efficacy despite the variation in their health conditions. Inner feelings such self-blaming, discouragement and fear of being left out and alone expressed as matter of high relevance to older adults’ motivation, but not often considered within physiotherapy. The results also showed that having others as role models was not as important as having professional support.  Additionally, relevant information, type of sport facilities and physical activities as well as having fixed routines for physical activities influenced their motivation. Conclusion: The ability to cope with one-self, others and the environment was the main motivating factor to stay physically active after physiotherapy. This coping ability was influenced by subjective factors, physical activity-related factors and environmental factors. Health care professionals should be aware of these motivating factors and use them as a guide to support elderly patients’ motivation to stay physically active.  [LN1]..within eller from a social cognitive theory framework???

O Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF) surge no Brasil em 1994, tendo como objetivo ofertar cuidados primários à população, calcado na atenção integral ao indivíduo e à comunidade, configurando-se como a porta de entrada do sistema de saúde. A fisioterapia é uma profissão nova, relativamente a outras profissões da área da saúde e, ainda hoje, o acesso da população à assistência fisioterapêutica é limitado, e o conhecimento de qual seja sua atuação, até mesmo entre outros profissionais da área de saúde, parece ser relativamente restrito. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de analisar os conhecimentos e atitudes em relação à atuação profissional do fisioterapeuta entre os profissionais das Equipes mínimas de Saúde da Família de Ribeirão Preto (SP). Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, quantitativo, utilizando como instrumento de pesquisa um questionário elaborado pelo próprio pesquisador. Faziam parte da população da pesquisa todos os profissionais que atuavam no PSF em Ribeirão Preto, tendo sido entrevistados 109 profissionais. Os resultados demonstraram que os profissionais das equipes são predominantemente do sexo feminino, acima dos 40 anos, de cor branca, haviam freqüentado pelo menos o ensino médio, com doze ou mais anos de estudo, pertenciam as classes econômicas A ou B, tinham três anos ou mais de atuação no PSF e estavam há quatro anos ou menos na área da saúde. A maioria dos entrevistados considerou necessária a inclusão de outros profissionais no PSF (91,7%), sendo que 48,6% citaram a necessidade do fisioterapeuta. O grau de conhecimento geral sobre os diversos aspectos da atuação do fisioterapeuta mostrou-se suficiente, com uma média de acertos de 16,2 pontos, que correspondeu a 64,8% do teste. Foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significante entre conhecimento da atuação do fisioterapeuta e a escolaridade, tempo de estudo, ocupação, tempo de atuação área da saúde, classificação econômica e vínculo institucional da Unidade de Saúde da Família. Quase a totalidade dos profissionais (99,1%) demonstrou atitudes positivas em relação à atuação do fisioterapeuta. O grau de conhecimento se mostrou suficiente para que os profissionais que atuam junto à comunidade no PSF saibam identificar em quais casos há a possibilidade de intervenção fisioterapêutica. / The Brazilian Family Health Program (PSF) was created in 1994 and its main objective is to provide primary health care acting as gateway for the health system. The modern profession of physical therapy (PT) developed in the twentieth century, it is one of the newest profession in the health area. Today, the access of the population to the PT assistance in Brazil is limited, and the knowledge of its performance seems to be restricted. This cross sectional study aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes regarding the field of PT among the health professionals working in the PSF in Ribeirão Preto (SP). The results showed that most health professionals were white women, above of 40 years old, who had at least twelve years or more of education. Most of them were classified as B in economic status, had three or more years of work in the PSF and four or less years in the health services. About 91.7% reported that the inclusion of others professionals in the PSF is needed and 48.6% specified that the professional to be included should be the physiotherapist. The level of general knowledge of the physiotherapist’s performance revealed to be good or medium, with the mean of 16.2 points in a score of 25 points corresponding to 64.8% of the test. Knowledge was found associated with the variables education, time of study, professional occupation, time of work in the health area, economic classification, and work place. The attitude scale showed that most of health professionals have positive attitudes (99.1%) regarding the PT profession. The finding of high knowledge on PT field suggests that the health professionals of PSF can properly identify case for possible PT intervention.

A relação entre dor no ombro e a discinese escapular (DE) é ainda incerta. Diferenças entre participantes com e sem DE têm sido demonstradas na literatura, com enfoque na quantidade de movimento escapular em graus específicos de elevação do úmero. No entanto, essa abordagem não considera a forma das séries temporais que representam os movimentos escapulares. A Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) pode aprofundar o atual conhecimento dos padrões \"anormais\" da escápula por considerar a colinearidade e a variabilidade presentes nas séries temporais cinemáticas. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a cinemática escapular em pacientes com dor no ombro e participantes assintomáticos com e sem DE usando a ACP. Dados foram coletados em 98 participantes separados em quatro grupos: Dor+DE (n=24), Dor (n=25), Sem Dor+DE (n=24), e Sem dor (n=25). Os dados cinemáticos foram capturados por um sistema de captura de movimento eletromagnético durante as fases de elevação e abaixamento do braço. ACP e análise de variância foram utilizadas para comparar os grupos. O grupo Sem Dor+DE apresentou progressivo aumento da inclinação anterior ao longo da fase de elevação do braço comparado aos grupos sem DE, Dor (tamanho de efeito = 0.79) e Sem Dor (tamanho de efeito = 0.80). Durante a fase de abaixamento do braço, o grupo Dor+DE apresentou progressivo aumento da inclinação anterior ao longo da fase comparado ao grupo Sem Dor+DE (tamanho de efeito = 0.68). Assim, a ACP demonstrou diferenças no padrão da inclinação anterior da escápula relacionada a presença de DE e dor. A presença de DE revelou um padrão com progressivo aumento da inclinação anterior da escápula ao longo da fase de elevação. No entanto, durante a fase de abaixamento, participantes assintomáticos com DE modificaram seu padrão de movimento, diferente do grupo sintomático, reforçando a sugerida associação entre modificações no movimento escapular e sintomas no ombro. / The relationship between shoulder pain and scapular dyskinesis (SDK) is still unclear. Differences between participants with and without SDK have been demonstrated, focusing on the amount of scapular motion at specific degrees of humeral elevation. However, this approach does not consider the shape of the scapular motion temporal series. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) may advance current understanding of \'abnormal\' movement patterns by considering the collinearity and the variability present in the kinematic temporal series. This study aimed to evaluate the scapular kinematics in patients with shoulder pain and in asymptomatic participants with and without SDK using PCA. Data were collected in 98 participants separated in four groups: Pain+SDK (n=24), Pain (n=25), No Pain+SDK (n=24), and No Pain (n=25). Scapulothoracic kinematic data were measured with an electromagnetic tracking device during arm elevation and lowering phases. PCA and analysis of variance were used to compare the groups. The No Pain+SDK group had a progressive increasing in anterior tilt over the elevation phase compared to the Pain (effect size=0.79) and No Pain (effect size=0.80) groups. During the arm-lowering, the Pain+SDK group had a progressive increasing in anterior tilt over this phase in comparison to the No Pain+SDK group (effect size=0.68). Therefore, PCA demonstrated differences in the scapular anterior tilt related to SDK and shoulder pain. The presence of SDK revealed a scapular pattern with progressive increasing in anterior tilt over the elevation phase. However, during the arm-lowering phase, asymptomatic participants with SDK changed their motion pattern, unlike the symptomatic group, reinforcing the suggested association between scapular modifications and shoulder symptoms.

Purpose: This dissertation has two primary aims; 1) to better understand how various physical, psychological, and general health factors influence physical activity (PA) and 2) to better understand different clinical phenotypes in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and functional outcomes, including PA. Methods: This dissertation utilizes data from the 48-month follow up of the Osteoarthritis Initiative, an observational longitudinal study of 4,796 participants examining onset and progression of knee OA in community dwelling adults between the age of 45-79. For the first study: 403 participants in a subset of participants using accelerometer- derived PA data, were analyzed for significant correlates of total PA time to estimate total PA using a linear regression model with bootstrapped standard errors. The second study includes data from 1,057 participants to perform a K-Mean Cluster analysis using body mass index, depressive symptoms, strength and radiographic evidence. One Way Analysis of Variance analysis and a Tukey’s post-hoc test was utilized to compare clinical outcomes between clusters including PA, function and pain. Results: In our first study: Over three-quarters of our sample did not meet the recommended volumes of PA. Negative associations were noted between higher BMI and total PA, comorbid conditions and total PA, and increasing age and total PA. A positive association was noted between diverting attention as a coping strategy and higher volumes of PA. In our second study: The cluster analysis identified 5 clinical phenotypes. Significant differences were noted between phenotypic groups in all clinical outcomes measured. Conclusion: Older adults with knee OA are not meeting recommendations for total PA, which can improve function and attenuate the effects of functional decline and disability. Four major factors were associated with total PA levels in a population with mild to moderate knee OA: co-morbidities, age, BMI, and the diverting attention coping strategy. In our second study, we identified five phenotypes of individuals with knee osteoarthritis and revealed differential clinical outcomes based on phenotypes. Understanding clinical differences between phenotypes may enable us to efficiently and effectively target our interventions to optimize PA and functional outcomes in people with knee osteoarthritis.

O Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF) surge no Brasil em 1994, tendo como objetivo ofertar cuidados primários à população, calcado na atenção integral ao indivíduo e à comunidade, configurando-se como a porta de entrada do sistema de saúde. A fisioterapia é uma profissão nova, relativamente a outras profissões da área da saúde e, ainda hoje, o acesso da população à assistência fisioterapêutica é limitado, e o conhecimento de qual seja sua atuação, até mesmo entre outros profissionais da área de saúde, parece ser relativamente restrito. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de analisar os conhecimentos e atitudes em relação à atuação profissional do fisioterapeuta entre os profissionais das Equipes mínimas de Saúde da Família de Ribeirão Preto (SP). Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, quantitativo, utilizando como instrumento de pesquisa um questionário elaborado pelo próprio pesquisador. Faziam parte da população da pesquisa todos os profissionais que atuavam no PSF em Ribeirão Preto, tendo sido entrevistados 109 profissionais. Os resultados demonstraram que os profissionais das equipes são predominantemente do sexo feminino, acima dos 40 anos, de cor branca, haviam freqüentado pelo menos o ensino médio, com doze ou mais anos de estudo, pertenciam as classes econômicas A ou B, tinham três anos ou mais de atuação no PSF e estavam há quatro anos ou menos na área da saúde. A maioria dos entrevistados considerou necessária a inclusão de outros profissionais no PSF (91,7%), sendo que 48,6% citaram a necessidade do fisioterapeuta. O grau de conhecimento geral sobre os diversos aspectos da atuação do fisioterapeuta mostrou-se suficiente, com uma média de acertos de 16,2 pontos, que correspondeu a 64,8% do teste. Foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significante entre conhecimento da atuação do fisioterapeuta e a escolaridade, tempo de estudo, ocupação, tempo de atuação área da saúde, classificação econômica e vínculo institucional da Unidade de Saúde da Família. Quase a totalidade dos profissionais (99,1%) demonstrou atitudes positivas em relação à atuação do fisioterapeuta. O grau de conhecimento se mostrou suficiente para que os profissionais que atuam junto à comunidade no PSF saibam identificar em quais casos há a possibilidade de intervenção fisioterapêutica. / The Brazilian Family Health Program (PSF) was created in 1994 and its main objective is to provide primary health care acting as gateway for the health system. The modern profession of physical therapy (PT) developed in the twentieth century, it is one of the newest profession in the health area. Today, the access of the population to the PT assistance in Brazil is limited, and the knowledge of its performance seems to be restricted. This cross sectional study aimed to analyze the knowledge and attitudes regarding the field of PT among the health professionals working in the PSF in Ribeirão Preto (SP). The results showed that most health professionals were white women, above of 40 years old, who had at least twelve years or more of education. Most of them were classified as B in economic status, had three or more years of work in the PSF and four or less years in the health services. About 91.7% reported that the inclusion of others professionals in the PSF is needed and 48.6% specified that the professional to be included should be the physiotherapist. The level of general knowledge of the physiotherapist’s performance revealed to be good or medium, with the mean of 16.2 points in a score of 25 points corresponding to 64.8% of the test. Knowledge was found associated with the variables education, time of study, professional occupation, time of work in the health area, economic classification, and work place. The attitude scale showed that most of health professionals have positive attitudes (99.1%) regarding the PT profession. The finding of high knowledge on PT field suggests that the health professionals of PSF can properly identify case for possible PT intervention.

O cuidado com as áreas doadoras de enxertos de pele merece constante atenção, visto que desencadeia desconforto por dor e restrição de movimentos. Existem evidências de que a estimulação elétrica pode acelerar a cicatrização de feridas e produzir analgesia, e que diferentes parâmetros físicos podem interferir nas respostas apresentadas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da polaridade da corrente na cicatrização e na dor. Para tanto foram comparados os efeitos da estimulação elétrica de alta voltagem (EAV), polarizada, e a estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (ENT), despolarizada, no tratamento das áreas doadoras de pacientes queimados. Para tanto, foram avaliados 48 voluntários do sexo masculino randomizados em três grupos: submetidos à estimulação elétrica de alta voltagem (GEAV), média idade de 34,2(±9,8) anos, n=17; submetidos à estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (GENT), com 34(±9,5) anos, n= 16; e não submetido à estimulação elétrica ou grupo controle (GC) média de idade 35(±9,5 anos), n= 15. Os procedimentos terapêuticos foram aplicados nas extremidades da área doadora, no primeiro pós-operatório, até a epitelização completa. As variáveis avaliadas foram avaliação clínica, o tempo (dias) de epitelização, estimado pelo desprendimento do curativo primário sobre a lesão, avaliação da dor pela escala numérica de dor, a temperatura cutânea pela termografia infravermelha, qualidade da cicatriz (book de fotos, escala ® Vancouver, software Image J ). Após a análise dos dados, foi aplicado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk, em seguida o comportamento pré e pós-intervenção intragrupo foi aplicado o teste Wilcoxon. Para comparação entre os grupos foi efetuado teste de Kruskal-Wallis seguido de post-hoc de Dunn, em todos os casos foi utilizado o nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Os achados apontam que o tempo de desprendimento do curativo Rayon das áreas doadoras foi significativamente menor para GEAV apresentando (p<0,033). Houve redução significativa da dor (p<0,05) para o GEAV e para o GENT, quando comparado ao GC. A quantidade relacionada a solicitação de analgésicos foi reduzida para os grupos estimulados, com diferença significativa do GEAV versus GC (p<0,002) e GENT versus GC (p<0,001). Não houve diferença significativa na temperatura cutânea entre os grupos. Não houve diferença significativa no escore final da escala Vancouver e nem quantidade de crostas entre os grupos. A polaridade da corrente pode ter influenciado no tempo de epitelização, porém não interferiu na dor e na qualidade da área doadora. / The cares with donor areas of skin grafts deserve constant attention, since it triggers discomfort due to pain and movement restriction. There are evidences that electric stimulation may accelerate wound healing and produce pain relief. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of electric current polarity on the healing and pain. Therefore, the effects of stimulation on high voltage pulsed current (HVPC) and nervous transcutaneous stimulation (TENS) were compared in the treatment of donor areas of burns victims. Therefore, 48 volunteers of the male sex were randomized between three groups: submitted to high voltage pulsed current stimulation (GHVPC), with 34.2 (± 9.8) years, n=17; submitted to nervous transcutaneous stimulation (GTENS), with 34 (±9.5) years, n=16; and nonsubmitted to stimulation group, or control group (GC), average age of 35 (± 9,5) years, n=15. The therapeutic procedures were applied on the edges of the donor area, at the first postoperative, until complete healing. The evaluated variables were ephitelization time (days), estimated by the unfastening of the primary curative on the wound, evaluation of pain by numerical scale of pain, skin temperature by infrared thermography, scar quality (photo book, Vancouver scale and Image J® software). After data analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied, and the Wilcoxon test was applied to the before and after intervention. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn post-hoc was used to compare the groups. In all cases, the significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was used. The findings indicate that the time of release of the Rayon dressing from the donor sites was significantly reduced for GEAV (p <0.033). A reduction of pain relief was significant (p<0.05) for the GEAV and for the GENT, when compared to the GC. Amount the number of solitation for analgesic drugs was decreased for the groups stimulated with significant difference of the GEAV verse GC (p<0.002) and GENT verse GC (p <0.001). Change in cutaneous temperature was not significant between groups. There was no difference significant in score of Vancouver scale and in the number of crusts in the groups. The polarity of the current might have influenced the healing time, however not the pain nor the quality of the donor site.

A importância do exercício físico pós mastectomia está na prevenção da limitação articular, linfedema, alterações posturais, fibrose muscular ou aderência tecidual da área cirúrgica. Objetivo: verificar em um grupo de mulheres mastectomizadas, a adesão à atividade física buscando identificar as barreiras e incentivos a esta prática. Respaldou-se no Modelo de Crenças em Saúde que busca explicar o comportamento humano quanto ao processo saúde/doença, de acordo com as variáveis: susceptibilidade, seriedade, benefícios, barreiras percebidas. Amostra: 30 mulheres atendidas num serviço especializado em reabilitação de mastectomizadas. Procedimento: 1ª fase: aplicado um questionário contendo questões relacionadas ao conhecimento e percepções sobre a prática da atividade física bem como dos benefícios e barreiras à sua realização. Na 2ª fase solicitou-se o registro diário, durante 4 semanas consecutivas, do tipo de atividade física realizada e suas justificativas quando não realizada. Conclusões: 100% das mulheres percebem a prática como boa para saúde e como importante barreira a falta de força de vontade (96,7%). A adesão à atividade física foi de 96,7% sendo que 84,5% realizou 3 vezes ou mais por semana. A não realização se deveu a falta de condições emocionais, atividades sociais, falta de tempo, efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia e radioterapia, queixas físicas. Os incentivos à realização foram: melhora do corpo e mente; conhecimento sobre a sua importância; presença de um profissional e suporte dos familiares. A atividade física no período estudado ocupou uma região central no espaço de vida das mulheres. / The importance of post-mastectomy physical therapy lies in the prevention of articular limitation, lymphedema, postural alterations, muscle fibrosis or tissue adherence to the surgical area. Objective: to assess adherence to physical therapy in a group of mastectomized women aiming at identifying the barriers and motivation to such practice. The study was based on the Health Beliefs Model, which attempts to explain human behavior concerning the health/disease process according to the variables: susceptibility, seriousness, benefits and perceived barriers. Sample: 30 women assisted in a specialized rehabilitation service for mastectomized women. Procedure: 1st phase: a questionnaire was applied with questions concerning knowledge and perceptions with regard to the practice of physical activity as well as its benefits and barriers. The 2nd phase required the daily recording of the type of physical activity or of the explanation for not doing it, which was conducted for 4 consecutive weeks. Conclusions: 100% of the women perceived physical activity as a good practice for their health and referred to the lack of willpower as an obstacle (96.7%). Adherence to physical activity was of 96.7%, and 84.5% of the subjects performed it 3 or more times a week. Failing to do it was due to the lack of emotional conditions, social activities, lack of time, side-effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and physical problems. The motivation to performing physical exercises were: improvement in physical and mental conditions; awareness of its importance; the presence of a professional and family support. In the studied period, physical activity occupied a major part of the women's lives.

by Emil, Chiu Hong Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-118). / Acknowledgment --- p.6 / List of Abbreviations --- p.7 / Summary --- p.8 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Childhood Asthma - An Overview --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1 --- Definition of childhood asthma --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2 --- Basic Pathophysiology of Asthma --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Airway obstruction --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Airway inflammation --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Bronchial hyperresponsiveness --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Trigger factors of asthma --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3 --- Measurement of the severity of asthma --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Obj ective measures of lung function --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Measures of bronchial hyperresponsiveness --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Clinical measures --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4 --- Epidemiology --- p.16 / Chapter 1.5 --- Treatment of asthma --- p.19 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Pharmacological treatment --- p.19 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Non-pharmacological treatment --- p.20 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Behavioral Intervention --- p.24 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Summary of treatment of asthma --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Change in Lung Mechanic During Asthmatic Attack --- p.29 / Chapter 2.1 --- Asthmatic Attack --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2 --- Hyperinflation of the lungs during asthmatic attack --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3 --- Effect of hyperinflation on respiratory muscle function --- p.32 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Biofeedback Intervention --- p.36 / Chapter 3.1 --- Background --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2 --- Definition of biofeedback --- p.36 / Chapter 3.3 --- Biofeedback as an adjunctive treatment to asthma --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Direct airways biofeedback --- p.38 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Muscle EMG biofeedback --- p.41 / Chapter 3.4 --- Justification of study --- p.45 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Material and Methods --- p.47 / Chapter 4.1 --- Study design and patients recruitment --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2 --- Equipment and measurement --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Biofeedback unit and the computer system --- p.49 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Mini Wright flow meter --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Clinical measures --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Bronchial provocation test --- p.51 / Chapter 4.3 --- Biofeedback training --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Preparation of the patient --- p.53 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Training Procedures --- p.54 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Criteria for successful training --- p.55 / Chapter 4.4 --- Statistical methods --- p.56 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Results --- p.58 / Chapter 5.1 --- Immediate training effects --- p.58 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Comparison between the successful group and the fail group --- p.59 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Combining successful and fail groups as the training group --- p.63 / Chapter 5.2 --- One year follow-up --- p.65 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Social and clinical characteristics of both training and control group --- p.65 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Clinical characteristic --- p.66 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Attack rate --- p.66 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- The Fscore --- p.67 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Score --- p.67 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- Mscore --- p.68 / Chapter 5.2.7 --- Bronchial hyperresponsiveness --- p.68 / Chapter 5.2.8 --- Lung functions --- p.69 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Discussion --- p.95 / Chapter 6.1 --- Physiological effects --- p.95 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- EMG --- p.96 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Pulse rate and skin temperature --- p.97 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Lung functions --- p.97 / Chapter 6.2 --- Clinical outcomes --- p.100 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Attack rate and symptom --- p.100 / Chapter 6.3 --- Clinical implication of study --- p.101 / Chapter 6.4 --- Limitation and difficulties --- p.103 / Chapter 6.5 --- Suggestions for further study --- p.104 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusions --- p.105 / References --- p.108 / Appendix1 --- p.119 / Appendix2 --- p.120 / List of Figures --- p.122 / List of Tables --- p.124

Orientador: Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei / Banca: Francis Lopes Pacagnelli / Banca: Ana Lúcia de Jesus Almeida / Resumo: A influência de atividade física (AF) generalizada e comportamentos de risco isolados sobre os fatores de risco (FR) são bem descritos na literatura, contudo, estudos associando a agregação de comportamentos de risco em diferentes categorias de AF com a presença de FR cardiovasculares não foram elucidados. Assim, o objetivo desta dissertação foi avaliar a influência da agregação de comportamentos de risco sobre a ocorrência de FR cardiovasculares. Para tanto, foram avaliados dados de funcionários de uma Universidade Pública, os quais foram visitados no próprio local de trabalho para coleta dos dados. Os voluntários foram identificados (nome, idade e setor de trabalho), tiveram mensurado peso, altura, circunferência abdominal e pressão arterial e responderam, em forma de entrevista individual, aos questionários para... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The influence of physical activity (PA) and generalized risk behaviors isolated on risk factors (RF) are well described in the literature, however, studies involving the aggregation of risk behaviors in different categories of AF with the presence of cardiovascular FR not been elucidated. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the influence of aggregation of risk behaviors on the occurrence of cardiovascular FR. Therefore, we evaluated data from employees of a public university, which were visited in the workplace for data collection. The volunteers were identified (name, age and sector work), had measured weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure and responded in individual interviews, questionnaires for identifying risk behaviors and FR. The risky behaviors were: smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity. Smoking was considered present in subjects who reported being a smoker or who consumed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Ercy Mara Cipulo Ramos / Banca: Dionei Ramos / Banca: Renata Calciolari Rossi e Silva / Resumo: Introdução: Apesar das rigorosas campanhas contra o fumo em muitos países, estimase que 1,25 bilhões de adultos sejam tabagistas e a projeção é de uma nova epidemia que pode levar a 1 bilhão de mortes tabaco-relacionadas durante o século 21. Os danos causados pelo tabagismo afetam principalmente o sistema respiratório, entretanto, também é considerado um importante fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Sabe-se que a intensidade do fumo e sua cronicidade contribuem para um agravamento dos prejuízos causados pelo tabagismo, e que a cessação do tabagismo torna-se um marco crucial para evitar tais progressões assim como para reduzir a morbimortalidade por doenças tabaco-relacionadas. Objetivos: Esta dissertação teve como objetivos: avaliar o efeito da exposição aguda ao fumo na modulação autonômica de tabagistas adultos e investigar a influência da condição tabagística e da idade nesta resposta, além de avaliar o efeito da cessação tabagística no transporte mucociliar e na frequência de exacerbações em tabagistas com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC)... / Abstract: Introduction: Despite stricter antismoking campaigns in several countries, is estimated to 1.25 billion adults are smokers and the projection is a new epidemic that may lead to 1 billion tobacco-related deaths during the 21st century. Damages caused by smoking mainly affect the respiratory system, however, it is also considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is known that the smoking intensity and its chronicity contribute to a worsening of impairment caused by smoking, and that smoking cessation becomes a crucial milestone to avoid these progressions as well as to reduce morbimortality due to tobacco-related diseases. Aims: This Master's thesis aimed to evaluate the acute smoke exposure effect in the autonomic modulation of adult smokers and to investigate if the smoking status and age influence in this response, and to evaluate the smoking cessation effect on mucociliary clearance and in exacerbation frequency of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: For the first aim, we evaluated heart rate variability (HRV) of adults smokers, participants of the smoking cessation program at FCT/UNESP, in smoke and recovery from this exposure moments (30 minutes after smoking)... / Mestre