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No. of bitstreams: 1 RichardMA_TESE.pdf: 3793202 bytes, checksum: 5890dda5635196fda6b027474ba9793b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-28 / This thesis aimed to evaluate the implementation of the Food Acquisition Program(PAA) through CONAB RN in the period of 2003-2010 with the perception of all agents involved in the implementation of the government program.For the methodological trajectory it was adopted a descriptive bibliographical and documentary approach with triangular qualitative and quantitative, also called evaluative research.The theoretical model was supported by the authors Draibe (2001), Aguilar and Ander-Egg (1994) and Silva(2001), among others, that focused on family farming and evaluation of implementation of public policy having as a category of analysis the size implementation of policy and the latter divided into 10 theoretical dimensions.The universe consisted of three groups: the first were the managers and technicians from CONAB(RN and Brasilia), totaling 15 subjects. The second group was of associations/cooperatives that participated in the programin 2010, totaling a sample in each access of 15 representatives. The third group of subjects totaled with 309 representatives of governmental and non-governmental organizations that received donations of food for the same period. Semi-structured interviews and forms were adopted as instruments of data collection.The data were processed qualitatively by the analysis of content (interviews and documents) and quantitatively by means of statistical tests that allowed inferences and adoption of frequencies. Among the key find ingests that the program is not standing as a structure supported by planning. The interests of the performers do not necessarily converge with the objectives of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA). A shockof goals was identified (within the same program) when comparingthe financial agent (Ministry of Rural Development and of Social Development and Fight Against Hunger Ministry r) and the executor, CONAB/RN. Within the assessed dimensions, the most fragileis the sub-managerial decision-making and Organizational Environment and internal assessment, still deserves attention the sizeof logistical and operational Subsystem, as this also proved weak.The focusin the quest toexpand thequantificationof the resultsof theFood Acquisition Program (PAA)by CONAB/RN does forget a quality management focused on what really should be:the compliance with the institutional objectives of the government program.Finally, the perspective for the traded implementation should be re-examined because excessive discretion by managers along with technical staff has characterized there al role of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) as public policy. We conclude that the implementation model, which apparently aggregates values to the benefitted citizens, has weakened the context of work on family farms having the management model of the implementation process be reviewed by the Federal Government and point too ther paths, which have as a guide line the emancipation and developmentof the field or in the field andat the same time enables the reduction of nutritional deficiency of beneficiaries in a balanced and coherent way / A presente Tese objetivou avaliar a implementa??o do Programa de Aquisi??o de Alimentos (PAA) pela CONAB RN no per?odo 2003-2010 na percep??o dos atores envolvidos no processo de execu??o do programa governamental. Para o percurso metodol?gico foi adotada uma pesquisa bibliografia-descritiva e documental com abordagem triangular qualitativa e quantitativa, denominada tamb?m de pesquisa avaliativa. O modelo te?rico foi suportado pelos autores Draibe (2001), Aguilar e Ander Egg (1994) e Silva (2001), al?m de outros que abordaram o tema agricultura familiar e avalia??o de implementa??o de politica p?blica, tendo como categoria de an?lise a dimens?o implementa??o da politica e esta dividida em 10 dimens?es te?ricas. O universo foi constitu?do de tr?s grupos, o primeiro foram os gestores e t?cnicos da CONAB (RN e Bras?lia), totalizando 15 sujeitos. O segundo grupo foi de associa??es/cooperativas que participaram do programa em 2010, totalizando uma amostra por acesso de 15 representantes. O terceiro grupo de sujeitos totalizou com 309 representantes de institui??es governamentais e n?o governamentais que receberam doa??o de alimentos no mesmo per?odo. Foi adotado como instrumento de coleta de dados entrevistas semi estruturadas e formul?rios. Os dados foram tratados qualitativamente pela analise de conte?dos (entrevistas e documentos) e quantitativamente por meio de testes estat?sticos que possibilitaram infer?ncias e ado??o de frequ?ncias. Dentre os principais resultados tem-se que o programa n?o est? situando como uma estrutura suportada pelo planejamento. Os interesses dos executores n?o necessariamente convergem com os objetivos do PAA. Identificou-se choque de objetivos (do mesmo programa) quando comparado o agente financiador (Minist?rio do Desenvolvimento Agr?rio e Minist?rio de Desenvolvimento Social e Combate ? Fome) e a executora, CONAB RN. Dentro das dimens?es avaliadas a mais fragilizada ? o subsistema gerencial decis?rio e Ambiente Organizacional e avalia??o interna, ainda merece destaque a dimens?o Subsistema log?stico e operacional, pois este tamb?m, se mostrou debilitado. O foco na busca pela amplia??o da quantifica??o dos resultados do PAA pela CONAB RN faz esquecer uma gest?o de qualidade focada no que deveria realmente ser, o atendimento aos objetivos institucionais do programa governamental. Por fim, a perspectiva da implementa??o negociada deve ser reanalisada, pois a discricionariedade excessiva pelos gestores junto aos t?cnicos vem descaracterizando o real papel do PAA enquanto politica p?blica. Conclui-se que o modelo de implementa??o aparentemente agregador de valores aos cidad?os beneficiados, vem fragilizando o contexto do trabalho na agricultura familiar, tendo o modelo de gest?o do processo de implementa??o ser revisto pelo Governo Federal e apontar para outros caminhos, que tenham como eixo norteador a emancipa??o e o desenvolvimento do/no campo e ao mesmo tempo possibilite a redu??o da defici?ncia nutricional dos benefici?rios de forma equilibrada e coerente

O tema das políticas públicas tem assumido uma importância cada vez maior no debate acadêmico na área de educação física. Essa realidade está diretamente associada ao volume de políticas que passaram a ser implementadas pelo Estado. Dentre essas, destaca-se o Programa Segundo Tempo que surge com uma preocupação de democratizar a prática esportiva. Após quase uma década de efetivação, torna-se importante refletir sobre seus resultados. Nesse sentido, o estudo teve como preocupação central verificar se o Programa Segundo Tempo alcançou de forma prioritária aqueles municípios mais vulneráveis na escala nacional, intrarregional e estadual e identificar as instituições que foram mais efetivas em sua difusão no intervalo de tempo entre 2005 e 2009. De forma complementar, o estudo procurou identificar o impacto do partido político, da capacidade fiscal e do ambiente institucional como vetores explicativos à difusão. O programa apresenta dificuldades para alcançar aqueles mais vulneráveis. Nem a Capacidade Fiscal per capita, nem o ambiente institucional não explicam sua difusão. Por outro lado, o estudo identificou haver uma relação entre a Coalizão Eleitoral e os partidos de esquerda na difusão do programa. No entanto, esse resultado foi mitigado por conta da baixa capacidade de adesão ao programa por parte do poder público municipal. / The issue of public policy has assumed a growing importance in the academic debate in the field of physical education. This reality is directly related to the volume of policies that are implemented by the State. Among these, there is the Programa Segundo Tempo that comes with a concern to democratize the sport. After nearly a decade of accomplishment, it becomes important to reflect on its results. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify whether the central concern of Programa Segundo Tempo achieved its priority in most vulnerable in cities nationwide, intra-region and state and to identify the institutions that were more effective in its diffusion in the time interval between 2005 and 2009. In a complementary way, the study sought to identify the impact of the political, fiscal capacity and the institutional environment by explaining the diffusion vectors. The program presents difficulties to achieve those most vulnerable cities. Either the per capita fiscal capacity or the institutional environment do not explain its spread. On the other hand, the study identified a relationship between the Electoral Coalition and leftist parties in the dissemination of the program. However, this result was mitigated because of the low ability of adherence to the program by the local government.

O tema das políticas públicas tem assumido uma importância cada vez maior no debate acadêmico na área de educação física. Essa realidade está diretamente associada ao volume de políticas que passaram a ser implementadas pelo Estado. Dentre essas, destaca-se o Programa Segundo Tempo que surge com uma preocupação de democratizar a prática esportiva. Após quase uma década de efetivação, torna-se importante refletir sobre seus resultados. Nesse sentido, o estudo teve como preocupação central verificar se o Programa Segundo Tempo alcançou de forma prioritária aqueles municípios mais vulneráveis na escala nacional, intrarregional e estadual e identificar as instituições que foram mais efetivas em sua difusão no intervalo de tempo entre 2005 e 2009. De forma complementar, o estudo procurou identificar o impacto do partido político, da capacidade fiscal e do ambiente institucional como vetores explicativos à difusão. O programa apresenta dificuldades para alcançar aqueles mais vulneráveis. Nem a Capacidade Fiscal per capita, nem o ambiente institucional não explicam sua difusão. Por outro lado, o estudo identificou haver uma relação entre a Coalizão Eleitoral e os partidos de esquerda na difusão do programa. No entanto, esse resultado foi mitigado por conta da baixa capacidade de adesão ao programa por parte do poder público municipal. / The issue of public policy has assumed a growing importance in the academic debate in the field of physical education. This reality is directly related to the volume of policies that are implemented by the State. Among these, there is the Programa Segundo Tempo that comes with a concern to democratize the sport. After nearly a decade of accomplishment, it becomes important to reflect on its results. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify whether the central concern of Programa Segundo Tempo achieved its priority in most vulnerable in cities nationwide, intra-region and state and to identify the institutions that were more effective in its diffusion in the time interval between 2005 and 2009. In a complementary way, the study sought to identify the impact of the political, fiscal capacity and the institutional environment by explaining the diffusion vectors. The program presents difficulties to achieve those most vulnerable cities. Either the per capita fiscal capacity or the institutional environment do not explain its spread. On the other hand, the study identified a relationship between the Electoral Coalition and leftist parties in the dissemination of the program. However, this result was mitigated because of the low ability of adherence to the program by the local government.

The diploma thesis focuses on the process of creation and implementation of public policy which is examined on the social housing policy. The aim of this thesis is to explore how is a certain policy prepared and put into use, considering the social housing policy as an example. Therefore, the key research question inquires how the process of creation and implementation of public policy looks like. The first chapter of the thesis deals with theoretical background of the public policy process, stressing the role of public policy documents. The second chapter describes the area of Czech social politics and policy as a cover for social housing policy development. The third chapter examines the history of Czech housing policies. The final chapter focuses on the development of social housing policy and examines its connections with certain public policy documents.

A biodiversidade constitui o pilar de sustentação da civilização humana. No entanto, sua manutenção é constantemente ameaçada pelo próprio homem, em face do modo de produção no qual as economias mundiais se baseiam. Conseqüentemente, tornou-se necessário transformar a biodiversidade em um bem jurídico, a fim de regulamentar seu uso, o que foi feito por meio da Convenção da Diversidade Biológica (CDB). Esta reconhece a soberania dos países signatários sobre a diversidade biológica e cultural presente em seus territórios e a importância da conservação dos recursos naturais e genéticos, por meio da criação e implementação de um sistema de unidades de conservação, proteção dos conhecimentos e práticas tradicionais das comunidades locais, dentre outras formas. Estabelece as diretrizes para tal, assegurando a repartição justa e equitativa dos benefícios gerados pelo uso destes recursos. Ao apresentar as principais políticas públicas implementadas pelo Brasil referentes à conservação da diversidade biológica e tomando por base, especificamente, a criação e implementação de uma área protegida dentro do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação, este trabalho discute se a criação de reservas extrativistas representa uma alternativa viável à conservação da diversidade biológica e, conseqüentemente, à conservação do estilo de vida das comunidades tradicionais no Brasil. Partindo-se, então, do texto da CDB, discute também se é uma alternativa viável para que o Brasil cumpra seus compromissos junto à CDB. A análise da criação e implementação da Reserva Extrativista do Baixo Juruá, como estudo de caso, comprova que a criação desta categoria de unidade de conservação apresenta-se como uma alternativa bastante válida para a conservação da diversidade biológica e do modo de vida dos moradores de comunidades tradicionais, principalmente para a região Amazônica, como no caso apresentado. / Biodiversity is the mainstream of human civilization. However, its conservation is constantly threatened by mankind and their world production-based economy. It has therefore become necessary to transform biodiversity into an international law wellbeing to regulate its use. This has been achieved by the Biological Diversity Convention (BDC). The BDC recognizes allied countries\' independent right over their own biological and cultural diversity. It also conceives the importance of natural and genetic resources conservation by means of implementing a system of Conservational Units, as well as by the protection of traditional knowledge and practices of local communities among others. The Convention establishes guidelines to achieve these goals, always assuring a fair and equal share of all the benefits obtained from the use of the resources. This paper presents the main public policies implemented in Brazil for the conservation of biodiversity, more specifically the creation and implementation of a protected area as part of the Brazilian National Conservation Unit System. It looks into the feasibility and efficacy of creating an Extractivist Conservation Unit System regarding biodiversity and traditional communities\' lifestyle protection in Brazil according to the BDC established guidelines and goals. The Baixo Juruá Extractivist Conservation Unit is particularly analyzed, focusing on its creation and implementation. This analysis concludes that such category of Conservational Unit comprises a feasible strategy for biodiversity and traditional communities\' lifestyle protection, especially concerning the Amazon.

In this diploma thesis is described problematic of regional competitiveness issue. In the theoretical part is defined region as the main actor of regional development and its funding possibilities. In the practical part is described Olomouc region supplemented by SWOT analysis. Competitiveness of the region is achieved by statistical variables from different sectors.

The topic of this diploma thesis is the development of the policy of inclusive education in the Czech Republic from the 1990s to 2018. Its objective is to describe this development and at least partially clarify the reasons for the controversy created by this policy and the increase in the public interest about this topic after the amendment of the education law in 2015. Using the process tracing method, it is testing if these reasons can be described by the theory of the advocacy coalition framework. The work finds out that considering the set hypotheses the explanation using this theory cannot be disproved. During this testing, main actors are identified and divided into advocacy coalitions. Therefore, an overview of the theory of advocacy coalition framework is included in this work, set in the context of the inclusive education policy, together with a quantitative media analysis looking at the number of relevant articles in the three most-read newspapers, a description of the interviews with the involved actors and an extensive qualitative analysis of available resources. In the last part of this work, there is an attempt to suggest measures that could at least partially calm down the discussion about the current inclusive education policy. The attachment to this work includes the scenario...

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This dissertation analyses the ability of Chinese lawyers to use administrative litigation to protect individuals and groups from an authoritarian state that frequently infringes on their rights. These plaintiffs fill administrative courts in China, opposing the overzealous tactics of police, challenging the expropriation of their land, and disputing the seizure and demolition of their homes. Empirically, it relies on several unique data sources in a mixed-methodological approach. Qualitative and small-n quantitative data from 126 interviews with a random sample of Chinese lawyers and 52 additional interviews are supplemented by documentary sources. These findings are then tested against official data and a large survey of Chinese lawyers. This research demonstrates that administrative litigation is part of a polycentric authoritarian system that helps the Chinese state to monitor its agents, allows limited political participation, and facilitates economic development (Chapter One). By giving ordinary Chinese a chance to hold their local governments accountable in court, administrative litigation represents a significant step towards rule of law, but its limited scope means that it has not been accompanied by dramatic liberalisation (Chapter Three). In part, this is because the most prolific and successful administrative litigators are politically embedded lawyers, insiders who challenge the state in court but eschew the most radical cases and tactics (Chapter Four). The tactics that allow politically embedded lawyers to successfully litigate administrative cases rely on and contribute to China’s polycentric authoritarianism by drawing in other state, quasi-state, and non-state actors (Chapter Five). Multinationals in China are largely failing to contribute to the development of China’s legal system because they readily accept preferential treatment from the Chinese state as an alternative to litigation (Chapter Six). While administrative litigation bolsters China’s polycentric authoritarianism in the short term, it offers tremendous potential for rationalisation, liberalisation, and even democratisation in the long term.

Since its inception in 1989, the private water sector of England and Wales has been enlisted as a centrepiece in debates concerning the merits of privatisation. Advocates point to increased environmental performance and increased investment. Critics note a significant retraction of the early free market aspirations and increasingly prescriptive regulation. However, market mechanisms and liberalisation are once again being emphasised in policy, reigniting the debate surrounding the commoditisation of water. This thesis engages directly and critically with Karen Bakker's 'Uncooperative Commodity' approach to the 'reregulation' of the industry, arguing its tenants must be adapted to accommodate these recent developments. While Bakker's earlier accounts of the reregulation of the water industry placed a great emphasis on the geography and biophysical properties of water, later work by both her and her contemporaries have developed more refined and socialised models of how water and society interact to produce temporary regularities in the material world. This thesis argues that an appropriate means of developing Bakker's original thesis would be a greater focus on socio-historical context when exploring the materiality of water, and hence the degree to which water may be transformed into a private commodity. Bob Jessop's Strategic Relational Approach (Jessop 2008) is deployed as a means of describing and relating: (1) the degree to which research can identify underlying mechanisms which govern the outcomes of attempts to commoditise water under capitalist modes of production, (2) the role of the state and politics in flanking or supporting the commoditisation of water and (3) the role of existing discursive-institutional structures in introducing path-dependencies and uneven power geometries which in turn effect the outcomes of collective action towards the commoditisation of water. The thesis documents historical developments in English and Welsh resource planning, regulation, and policy from 1945 to 2012 in order to explain the current structure of the industry, its response to water scarcity, and the origins of the current reform programme. It then focuses on the conflicts and tensions between actors in the industry generated by the current reform programme and their role in affecting the degree of success of the programme itself.