Orientador: André Afif Elossais / Resumo: A constante procura por procedimentos estéticos têm levado muitos pacientes e dentistas a realizarem o clareamento dental, por se tratar de um procedimento mini-mamente invasivo e conservador. Porém o gel clareador pode resultar em alterações estruturais do esmalte e afetar negativamente esta superfície. O objetivo deste estu-do in vitro foi avaliar a rugosidade e morfologia superficial do esmalte após o proto-colo de clareamento e os diferentes tratamentos superficiais de polimento. Para is-to, quarenta e oito (48) pré-molares humanos foram selecionados e clareados com o gel Opalescence Boost PF 40% (Ultradent) de acordo com a recomendação do fa-bricante. Após os protocolos de clareamento, os espécimes foram divididos em 8 grupos (n=6) e submetidos a polimento com: G1- Enamelize™ + Lummina E - Alu-mina, G2- Diamond Polish Paste™ + Lummina E - Diamond, G3- Lummina E - Di-amond, G4- discos abrasivos Sof-Lex Pop On® ultrafino, G5- Enamelize®, G6- Lummina E - Alumina, G7- Diamond Polish Paste® e G8- disco de feltro Diamond Flex®. Os espécimes foram submetidos as análises de perfilometria e microscopia de força atômica (AFM), para avaliar a rugosidade e morfologia superficial do esmal-te respectivamente. Ambas análises foram realizadas em dente hígido (baseline), clareado e polido. Para a avaliação da rugosidade superficial do esmalte dental hu-mano foi empregado o procedimento estatístico ANOVA de medidas repetidas com correção de Greenhouse-Geisser, seguido de comparações múlti... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Many patients have searched cosmetic procedures such as tooth bleaching once it is a minimally invasive and conservative treatment. However bleaching gel can cause enamel structural changes and negatively affect its surface. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the enamel roughness and surface morphology after bleaching protocol and different surface polishing treatments. Forty-eight human premolars were bleached using 40% Opalescence Boost PF (Ultradent) according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Afterwards, the specimens were divided into 8 groups (n = 6) and polished using: G1- Enamelize™ + Lummina E - Alumina, G2- Diamond Polishing Paste™ + Lummina E - Diamond, G3- Lummina E - Diamond, G4- Sof-Lex Pop On® ultra-fine abrasive discs, G5- Enamelize®, G6- Lummina E - Alumina, G7- Diamond Polishing Paste® and G8- Diamond Flex® felt disc. The specimens were submitted to profilometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analy-sis to evaluate the enamel roughness and surface morphology. Both analyzes were performed on a sound (baseline), bleached and polished tooth. Surface roughness data were submitted to ANOVA and Greenhouse-Geisser correction, followed by multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction, at 5% significance level. 40% Opalescence Boost PF bleaching gel significantly increased the enamel surface roughness (p <0.05). G1, G2, G3, G5, G6, showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05). G4, G7 and G8 did not show statistical difference (p> 0.05),... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Objective: To assess the effect of finishing and polishing direction on the marginal adaptation of resin-based composite restorations. Methods: Forty human molars were collected and sectioned along their mesio-distal axis. Buccal and lingual enamel surfaces were flattened and a triangular preparation (0.87mm deep and 3mm wide) representing two 30° bevels was achieved. Specimens (n=20/per group) were randomly assigned in groups and restored with two resin-based composite materials: a nanofilled (Filtek Supreme Ultra)(FSU) and a microhybrid (Point4)(PT4) and two finishing/polishing techniques: a series of Sof-Lex discs (SL) and a sequence of diamond bur/dark-orange SL/rubber polishers (HiLuster). On each specimen, both margins were finished and polished with the same technique, one from the resin-based composite to the tooth structure (C-T) and the other from the tooth structure to the resin-based composite (T-C). Replicas were made for FeSEM observation (200X) and quantitative margin analysis was performed based on four defined marginal quality criteria. Comparisons were made between polishing directions (paired-samples t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test), between resin-based composites and between polishing techniques (two-sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test) Results: Significant differences were found between polishing directions (p<0.05). Data showed more continuous margins, less marginal irregularities and less gaps with the polishing direction C-T than T-C except for one group (FSU/SL) with marginally significant difference in gaps (p=0.0537). Differences between the two resin-based composites and the two polishing techniques seemed to be dependent on certain combinations of resin-based composite, polishing technique and polishing direction. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, polishing from resin-based composite to tooth structure (C-T) leads to better marginal adaptation than polishing from tooth structure to resin-based composite (T-C).

To assess polishing of anaerobic secondary effluent and symbiotic bioremediation of primary effluent by microalgae, bench scale bubbling column reactors were operated in batch modes to test nutrients removal capacity and associated factors. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) together with oil and grease in terms of hexane extractable material (HEM) in the reactors were measured after batch cultivation tests of Chlorella Vulgaris, indicating the releasing algal metabolites were oleaginous (dissolved HEM up to 8.470 mg/L) and might hazard effluent quality. Ultrafiltration adopted as solid-liquid separation step was studied via critical flux and liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection (LC-OCD) analysis. Although nutrients removal was dominated by algal assimilation, nitrogen removal (99.6% maximum) was affected by generation time (2.49 days minimum) instead of specific nitrogen removal rate (sN, 20.72% maximum), while phosphorus removal (49.83% maximum) was related to both generation time and specific phosphorus removal rate (sP, 1.50% maximum). COD increase was affected by cell concentration (370.90 mg/L maximum), specific COD change rate (sCOD, 0.87 maximum) and shading effect. sCOD results implied algal metabolic pathway shift under nutrients stress, generally from lipid accumulation to starch accumulation when phosphorus lower than 5 mg/L, while HEM for batches with initial nitrogen of 10 mg/L implied this threshold around 8 mg/L. HEM and COD results implied algal metabolic pathway shift under nutrients stress. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor effluent polishing showed similar results to synthetic anaerobic secondary effluent with slight inhibition while 4 symbiotic bioremediation of raw municipal wastewater with microalgae and activated sludge showed competition for ammonium together with precipitation or microalgal luxury uptake of phosphorus. Critical flux was governed by algal cell concentration for ultrafiltration membrane with pore size of 30 nm, while ultrafiltration membrane rejected most biopolymers (mainly polysaccharides). Further research would focus on balancing cell growth, specific nutrients removal, and specific COD change by utilizing rotating biological contactor.

he aim of this thesis is possibilities analyse of automatization of finishing operations by producing bodies of plumbing fittings and selection it’s optimal version. The objective is project of workplace for conditions of concrete production plant and verification of return of it’s operating. A part of thesis is design of workplace and design of production machines and komplete technology of prodicing of parts in setting of production plant. Than there is partial verification of profected technology by real testing.

Orientador: Eduardo Carlos Bianchi / Coorientador: Luiz Eduardo de Angelo Sanchez / Banca: Luiz Dare Neto / Banca: Hamilton José de Mello / Banca: Alessandro Roger Rodrigues / Banca: Rodrigo Eduardo Catai / Resumo: Na indústria metal-mecânica, por ser considerado uma etapa final e de acabamento, o processo de retificação contém valor agregado alto ao produto final. Neste processo a utilização de fluidos de corte é um dos fatores responsáveis na obtenção da qualidade final do processo, porém a eles são atribuídos fatores de risco à saúde e ao meio ambiente. Diante do contexto, diversos setores da indústria, pesquisa e educação, são mobilizados a buscar novas alternativas que possam reduzir custos e que sejam menos prejudiciais ao meio ambiente e uma das alternativas já em estudo é a técnica de mínima quantidade de lubrificante (MQL), que é caracterizada pela eficiência do processo em se aplicar uma quantidade menor de fluido de corte, se comparada com o método de lubrirrefrigeração convencional. Porém, na aplicação de MQL é importante que seja observado a pouca eficiência quanto a limpeza da superfície de corte do rebolo, acarretando na obstrução dos poros do rebolo e prejudicando as arestas cortantes. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o comportamento da técnica de MQL associada à limpeza do rebolo, integrada ao sistema de ar a baixa temperatura aplicado à zona de corte, de forma a preservar os parâmetros como: lubrirrefrigeração e limpeza da zona de corte com jato de ar comprimido a baixa temperatura. Neste trabalho foram realizados estudos resultantes da retificação cilíndrica do aço ABNT 4340, e utilizando o rebolo convencional de óxido de alumínio bra... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In the metalworking industry, for being the grinding process is considered a final stage and finishing, the grinding process has high added value to the final product, in this process the use of cutting fluids is one of the factors responsible for obtaining the final quality of the process, however they are attributed risk factors to health and the environment. In this context, several sectors of industry, research and education are mobilized to seek new alternatives that can reduce costs and that are less harmful to the environment and one of the alternatives already under study is the technique of minimum quantity lubricant (MQL), which is characterized by the efficiency of the process in applying a smaller amount of cutting fluid as compared to the conventional flood coolant method. However, in the application of the MQL it is important to observe the low efficiency of the cleaning of the cutting surface of the grinding wheel, resulting in clogging of the grinding wheel pores, damaging the sharp edges. Thereupon, the present study addresses the behavior of the MQL technique associated to the cleaning of the grinding wheel, integrated to the cold air system applied to the cutting zone, in order to preserve the parameters such as: flood coolant and cleaning of the cutting zone with air jet compressed at low temperature. In this thesis, studies were carried out resulting from the grinding of ABNT 4340 steel and using the conventional white aluminum oxide grinding wheel under the application of different lubrication and cooling conditions, where the conventional method can be compared to the MQL technique associated to cleaning at cold -10º C and -15º C. The results obtained were characterized by roughness tests, circularity deviation, diametrical wear grinding wheel, metallographic analysis, optical microscopy, microhardness and analysis of the influence of the flood coolant. Both the flood coolant metho / Doutor

Magister Scientiae (Medical Bioscience) - MSc(MBS) / Introduction: Nosocomial infections are infections that occur 48 hours after receiving care for an unrelated condition in a clinic or a hospital environment, many of which are resistant to at least one of the drugs most commonly used to treat them. The dental clinical settings are reservoirs for the transmission of microbes through aerosols produced by routine dental procedures.

Orientador: Eduardo Carlos Bianchi / Banca: Carlos Eiji Hirata Ventura / Banca: Manoel Cleber de Sampaio Alves / Banca: Dayse Iara dos Santos / Banca: Rafael Plana Simões / Resumo: Atualmente, vários setores industriais têm buscado um desenvolvimento sustentável para os seus projetos. Dentre estes setores está a usinagem por abrasão, devido ao enrijecimento das leis ambientais e em virtude da necessidade de diminuição dos custos envolvidos na produção. A partir desse contexto, o presente trabalho buscou explorar as potencialidades da técnica de lubri-refrigeração de Mínima Quantidade de Lubrificação (MQL) em função da diluição de três diferentes fluidos de corte comparada à técnica lubri-refrigeração convencional no processo de retificação cilíndrica do aço ABNT 4340, temperado e revenido, com o rebolo de nitreto cúbico de boro (CBN). A influência das proporções da diluição dos fluidos utilizados na técnica de lubri-refrigeração MQL sem limpeza e com limpeza da superfície do rebolo, por um jato de ar comprimido, respectivamente, foram estudados através das análises de: rugosidade, desvio de circularidade, desgaste diametral do rebolo ou relação G, microdureza, potência, emissão acústica e vibração. Os resultados demonstraram que o aumento da proporção de água utilizada na diluição dos fluidos testados promoveu uma diminuição dos valores da rugosidade, do desvio de circularidade, do desgaste do rebolo, da emissão acústica e da vibração. No entanto, essa mesma proporção de diluição dos fluidos contribuiu para que potência consumida durante o processo sofresse aumento. Fazendo uma avaliação global dos dados conclui-se que o processo de retificação do aço A... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Currently, several industrial sectors have been looking for a sustainable development to your projects. The process by machining abrasion needs to be optimized due to environmental laws and to the production costs. In this study, the potentialities of the Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technique using dilution of three different cutting fluids were compared to the conventional lubrication-cooling technique. The grinding process was analyzed using a cylindrical steel grinding process ABNT 4340, with cubic boron nitride (CBN) wheel. The influence of the dilution proportions of the fluids used in the MQL technique without cleaning and with the cleaning of the wheel surface by a jet of compressed air respectively. The study was realized following output variables: roughness, roundness errors, diametrical wheel wear or G ratio, microhardness, power, acoustic emission, and vibration. The results showed that the increase in the proportion of water used in the dilution of the tested fluids promoted a decrease in the values of roughness, roundness errors, diametrical wheel wear, acoustic emission, and vibration. However, this same proportion of dilution of the fluids contributed to the increase in power consumed during the process. Making an overall assessment of the data concludes that the grinding process of ABNT 4340 steel through the MQL technique with wheel surface cleaning and application of diluted fluid in the 1:10 ratio proved to be efficient in obtaining parts with a sur... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

No description available.

The ancient Maya adorned themselves with ornamental objects. This study investigates a type of polishing tool used by the ancient Maya to manufacture certain types of ornaments. Five stone polishing tools used by the ancient Maya are presented and analyzed. Relevant artifact forms are examined to establish which types of artifacts were being polished with these tools. An extensive discussion of the archaeological record and artistic representations of miniature earflares and buttons, which were polished with many of these stone polishing tools, is also included because the terminology used to refer to these objects has varied throughout the academic literature and is in need of clarification.

No description available.