Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:46:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2487.pdf: 556324 bytes, checksum: b0c708fe6bbaeb38afee102447ad3564 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-29 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / During the infant development, some risks are caused by internal and external conditions, with are dependent of the environment. Because of the lack of intervention in a troubled familiar environment or in a deficient institutional care, the babies at risk can show a damaged development. Brazilian daycare center privileges hygiene and primary care neglecting children education and their intervention. The present research intents to qualify students of Psychology College that wok with babies at risk to promote infantile development though play sessions. The collected data were extracted from intervention planning, reports and videos made during the execution of the play activities. The data referring to the babies were obtained through the application of the Operationalized Portage Inventory. The results will be compared with each individual performance during the intervention program, regarding to the students even the babies of the Inventory Portage. / Os riscos no desenvolvimento infantil podem ser originados por causas internas ou externas, entre elas as condições precárias ou adversas do ambiente. Os chamados bebês de risco são crianças que podem vir a ter o desenvolvimento prejudicado pela falta de estimulação necessária, por dificuldades no âmbito familiar, ou mesmo pelo cuidado institucionalizado deficiente. Nas creches públicas brasileiras, o foco principal ainda é o atendimento às necessidades básicas de higiene e alimentação do bebê, negligenciando-se, muitas vezes, a educação e a estimulação do desenvolvimento deste. A brincadeira como forma de estimulação do desenvolvimento infantil é alvo de diversos estudos na área por tratar-se de uma estimulação prazerosa e natural para os adultos e para os bebês. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo capacitar alunos das disciplinas Serviço e Intervenção em Psicologia Estimulação de Bebês de Risco em Creches , que trabalham diretamente com bebês de risco, a promover o desenvolvimento desses bebês por meio da brincadeira. Os dados referentes aos alunos foram coletados por meio de planejamentos de atividades de estimulação, registro em vídeo da execução dessas atividades e relatório das mesmas. Os dados referentes aos bebês foram obtidos pela aplicação do Inventário Portage Operacionalizado. Os resultados serão apresentados comparando-se o desempenho de cada sujeito ao longo do programa de capacitação, tanto para os alunos da disciplina Serviço e Intervenção em Psicologia, como para os bebês avaliados pelo Inventário Portage.

No description available.

Le droit des sociétés a été depuis sa création et de façon encore plus prononcée de nos jours, un ensemble de règles stratégiques au service d’entrepreneurs et d’associés désireux d’exceller dans le monde des affaires. Le portage d’actions est l’une des techniques juridiques développées par le droit des sociétés qui manifeste le plus justement le caractère stratégique de cette matière.Le portage d’actions est une convention dite sui generis qui permet de prendre temporairement et indirectement une participation au sein d’une société. Le portage est la convention par laquelle un porteur, généralement une personne morale (société ou organisme financier), convient avec une personne physique ou une autre personne morale, dite donneur d’ordre, qu’il souscrira ou achètera des actions pour le compte de celle-ci à charge pour elle de les lui racheter au terme d’une période déterminée et moyennant un prix convenu par avance.L’utilité de cette convention est double : elle permet, d’une part, de décharger le donneur d’ordre de la propriété des actions pendant une période déterminée en la confiant au porteur, et d’autre part, d’assurer au donneur d’ordre un certain contrôle sur les actions pendant la durée du portage, ainsi que leur appropriation à l’expiration de cette durée. Le portage d’actions connait d’innombrables applications licites et répond ainsi à de nombreuses finalités. En effet, cette convention peut avoir pour but de garantir une certaine discrétion au donneur d’ordres étant donné qu’elle permet de cacher son identité que ce soit dans un but offensif (prise de participation agressive dans une société où le donneur d’ordre serait mal perçu) ou défensif (faire face à une éventuelle prise de contrôle inamicale en confiant à un porteur allié la propriété d’actions constituant un noyau dur). Le portage d’actions permet également l’arbitrage entre deux groupes d’actionnaires, lorsque le capital d’une société est détenu par6moitié par deux groupes d’actionnaires, mais aussi l’appropriation par le porteur d’actions proposées à la vente, en cas de refus d’agrément du cessionnaire et dans l’attente de trouver un substitut à ce dernier. Toutefois, la technique du portage connaît également quelques pratiques douteuses, à la limite de la fraude à la loi qui remettent manifestement en cause ce type de convention. En effet, il a été observé que le portage pouvait être utilisé pour servir à remplir les conditions légales relatives au nombre minimum d’actionnaires, ou pour permettre à un donneur d’ordre qui ne peut avoir la qualité d’actionnaire d’accéder à terme au capital d’une société.La technique du portage d’actions du fait des diverses applications plus ou moins licites qu’elle connait et du fait de son caractère stratégique amène à se poser de nombreuses questions. Les principales problématiques qui ressortent sont, d’une part, celles ayant attrait à l’évolution juridique du mécanisme même du portage et à sa compatibilité avec la qualité et le statut d’associé et, d’autre part, celles ayant attrait au contexte juridique entourant cette technique et au caractère stratégique de l’utilisation de ce type de convention. Enfin, cette thèse sera également l’occasion d’étudier les parallèles existant entre le portage d’actions et la technique de la fiducie. / Summary not transmitted

Nous abordons dans cette thèse une étude sur la tâche de la désambiguïsation lexicale qui est une tâche centrale pour le traitement automatique des langues, et qui peut améliorer plusieurs applications telles que la traduction automatique ou l'extraction d'informations. Les recherches en désambiguïsation lexicale concernent principalement l'anglais, car la majorité des autres langues manque d'une référence lexicale standard pour l'annotation des corpus, et manque aussi de corpus annotés en sens pour l'évaluation, et plus important pour la construction des systèmes de désambiguïsation lexicale. En anglais, la base de données lexicale wordnet est une norme de-facto de longue date utilisée dans la plupart des corpus annotés et dans la plupart des campagnes d'évaluation.Notre contribution porte sur plusieurs axes: dans un premier temps, nous présentons une méthode pour la création automatique de corpus annotés en sens pour n'importe quelle langue, en tirant parti de la grande quantité de corpus anglais annotés en sens wordnet, et en utilisant un système de traduction automatique. Cette méthode est appliquée sur la langue arabe et est évaluée sur le seul corpus arabe, qui à notre connaissance, soit annoté manuellement en sens wordnet: l'OntoNotes 5.0 arabe que nous avons enrichi semi-automatiquement. Son évaluation est réalisée grâce à la mise en œuvre de deux systèmes supervisés (SVM, LSTM) qui sont entraînés sur les corpus produits avec notre méthode.Grâce ce travail, nous proposons ainsi une base de référence solide pour l'évaluation des futurs systèmes de désambiguïsation lexicale de l’arabe, en plus des corpus arabes annotés en sens que nous fournissons en tant que ressource librement disponible.Dans un second temps, nous proposons une évaluation in vivo de notre système de désambiguïsation de l’arabe en mesurant sa contribution à la performance de la tâche de traduction automatique. / This thesis concerns a study of Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD), which is a central task in natural language processing and that can improve applications such as machine translation or information extraction. Researches in word sense disambiguation predominantly concern the English language, because the majority of other languages lacks a standard lexical reference for the annotation of corpora, and also lacks sense annotated corpora for the evaluation, and more importantly for the construction of word sense disambiguation systems. In English, the lexical database wordnet is a long-standing de-facto standard used in most sense annotated corpora and in most WSD evaluation campaigns.Our contribution to this thesis focuses on several areas:first of all, we present a method for the automatic creation of sense annotated corpora for any language, by taking advantage of the large amount of wordnet sense annotated English corpora, and by using a machine translation system. This method is applied on Arabic and is evaluated, to our knowledge, on the only Arabic manually sense annotated corpus with wordnet: the Arabic OntoNotes 5.0, which we have semi-automatically enriched.Its evaluation is performed thanks to an implementation of two supervised word sense disambiguation systems that are trained on the corpora produced using our method. We hence propose a solid baseline for the evaluation of future Arabic word sense disambiguation systems, in addition to sense annotated Arabic corpora that we provide as a freely available resource.Secondly, we propose an in vivo evaluation of our Arabic word sense disambiguation system by measuring its contribution to the performance of the machine translation task.

Resumo: O acompanhamento do desenvolvimento de bebês implica na consideração de fatores de risco para os mesmos e na utilização de instrumentos que possibilitem a identificação de defasagens, comportamentais, visando à elaboração de intervenções pontuais junto a pais e outros cuidadores. O presente estudo prendendeu descrever variáveis distais e proximais do desenvolvimento de uma amostra de bebês, a partir de suas características peculiares, bem como das dos seus familiares e avaliar o repertório comportamental dos bebês, correlacionando-o com variáveis de risco como prematuridade, baixo peso ao nascer e filhos de mães adolescentes, comparando-o com bebês sem condição de risco identificada. Pretendeu, também, identificar comportamentos típicos nas áres do desenvolvimento avaliadas pelo inventário portage operacionalizado, mês a mês, durante o primeiro ano de vida, utilizando os critérios de estabilização, normalização e aparecimento destes comportamentos entre os meninos e meninas. Participaram do estudo 217 bebês que foram avaliados no decorrer do primeiro ano de vida, sendo que 33% eram prematuros, 28% filhos de mães adolescentes, 11% com baixo peso nascidos a termo, 3% sindrômicos ou filhos de mães portadoras de HIV+ e 25% do Grupo Controle, sem condições de risco identificado no nascimento. Os dados foram coletados a partir da entrevista inicial e da avaliação mensal do inventário. Os dados foram coletados a partir da entrevista inicial e da aplicação mensal do inventário portage operacionalizado (IPO), em um Centro de Psicologia Aplicada de uma universidade pública. Os desempenhos dos bebês no IPO e as condições de risco identificadas foram submetidas ao tratamento por meio do Statistic Package Social for Science (SPSS, versão 12.0). para a identificação de comportamentos típicos utilizaram-se os critérios de Estabilização... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The follow-up on the development of babies implicates the consideration of risk factors for them and the employment of instruments that make feasible the identification of behavioral discrepancies, aiming the elaboration of prompt interventions towards parents and caregivers. The present study aimed to describe distal and proximal variations on the development of a sample of babies, from their specific characteristic, as well as their family members and also to evaluate the behavioral compilation of the babies, conneting them risk deviations as premature birth and babies of adolescent mothers, in comparison to babies without amy identified risk conditions. This study also aimed to identify typical behaviors concerning development evaluated by the inventário portage operationalizado (IPO) month after month, during the first year of life, employing stabilization, normalization and onset criteria for those behaviors between boys and girls. A total of 217 babies were evaluated during the first year of life, considering that 33% were premature, 28% babies of adolescent mothers, 11% had how wight at birth, 3% with syndrome or babies of mothers HIV + carriers and 25% from the Control Group. The data were collected from the initial interview and from the monthly employment of the IPO, in a Center of Applied Psychology of a public university. The performance of the babies concerning the IPO and the risk conditions identified were submited to treatment according to Statistic Package Social for Science (SPSS, version 12.0). For the identification of typical behaviors the Stabilization, Normalization and Onset criteria were employed. The outcomes presented a high amount of caesarian sugeries, non-planned pragnancies and nuclear families. Concerning the risk for the development of the proximal factors analyzed, the Group of premature babies presented a significantly different performance from... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:46:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4920.pdf: 489498 bytes, checksum: 9e4b0d1ab8d50b5b6eaedfc2626327aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-26 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Lead is a toxic metal that affects all the organs and systems of the human body, being its absorption bigger in children and pregnant women. Although the harmful effect of lead in infantile development (e.g., hyperactivity, cognitive deficit, low efficiency at school, etc) there are no studies on the effect of intervention programs for this population. The objectives of this work were: 1. to compare, the acquisition of abilities (foreseen in the Portage Guide) for children of 3 to 5 years old, with average level of lead equal to 21 g/dl at four moments and 2. to verify the effect of two domiciliary interventions (A: individual training of the mother according to procedures of the Portage Guide, and the other, B: toys and models of tricks available to the child - environmental enrichment) in its performance. Two groups of 4 children were analyzed, being two groups of intervention and one of waiting control. The delineation counts on: evaluation retrospect (2002/03), a pre-test evaluation of all children in Portage Guide and HOME; implementation of the intervention programs with groups A and B (23 sessions); sounding the trained and emergent behaviors (application of the Portage Guide); retaken of the intervention program (9 weeks); post-test 1 (Portage Guide and HOME); post-test 2 (Portage Guide); post-test 3 with only one child of each group; besides the weekly evaluation of the children s performance through observation and record and posterior intervention with the controlled group. The results pointed to a decay of performance in the Portage Guide of evaluation 2002/03 for the pre-test, in the three groups, being the greater deficits in the cognition and language areas. After the period of intervention, children from group A got greater addition of behaviors, followed by group B and finally group C. The environment quality and care of these children came to be insufficient, but with improvements to the intervention for the submitted groups. It can be concluded that the two interventions speed up the development, but with better results for the intervention with parents guiding. The results indicate, also, that deficits of behavior tend to extend themselves throughout the time when it comes to this population. / O chumbo é um metal tóxico que afeta todos os órgãos e sistemas do corpo humano, sendo sua absorção maior em crianças e gestante. Apesar dos efeitos nocivos do chumbo no desenvolvimento infantil (ex., hiperatividade, déficit cognitivo, baixo rendimento escolar, etc) não existem estudos sobre o efeito de programas de intervenção para esta população. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: 1.comparar, a aquisição de habilidades (previstas no Inventário Portage Operacionalizado - IPO) por crianças de 3 a 5 anos com nível médio de chumbo igual a 21 g/dl em quatro momentos e 2. verificar o efeito de duas intervenções domiciliares (A: treino individual da mãe segundo os procedimentos do IPO, e a outra B: disponibilização de brinquedos e modelos de brincadeiras à criança enriquecimento ambiental) no seu desempenho. Foram analisados três grupos de 4 crianças sendo dois grupos de intervenção e um de controle de espera. O delineamento conta com: avaliação retrospectiva (2002/03), uma avaliação pré-teste de todas as crianças no IPO e HOME; implementação dos programas de intervenção com os grupos A e B (23 sessões); sonda dos comportamentos treinados e emergentes (aplicação do IPO); retomada do programa de intervenção (9 semanas); pós-teste 1 (IPO e HOME); pós-teste 2 (IPO); pós-teste 3 com apenas 1 criança de cada grupo; além da avaliação semanal do desempenho das crianças via observação e registro e intervenção posterior com grupo controle. Os resultados apontam para queda de desempenho no IPO da avaliação 2002/03 para o pré-teste, nos 3 grupos, sendo os maiores deficits nas áreas de cognição e linguagem. Após o período de intervenção as crianças do grupo A obtiveram maior acréscimo de comportamentos, seguidas do grupo B e por último o grupo C. A qualidade do ambiente e cuidado destas crianças mostrou-se insuficiente, mas com melhoras para os grupos submetidos a intervenção. Pode-se concluir que as duas intervenções aceleram o desenvolvimento, mas com melhor resultado para a intervenção com orientação de pais. Os resultados indicam, também, que os deficits comportamentais tendem a se ampliar ao longo do tempo quando se trata desta população.

Cette étude s’intéresse aux modes de transport terrestre utilisés pour les biens et marchandises dans l’ancienne Égypte. On en dénombre plusieurs, dont les plus importants sont la palanche, la barre de portage, le traîneau, et le transport à dos d’âne. Cette recherche s’appuie principalement sur des ressources documentaires iconographiques et plastiques, provenant de mastabas et d’hypogées datés de l’Ancien et du Moyen Empire. Elle a pour enjeu de préciser les conditions d’utilisation des différents modes de transport, tant sur un plan chronologique, que sociologique, ou topographique. / This study deals with means of land transport used for goods and merchandises in ancient Egypt. We can count a few, among which the most important are yoke, carrying pole, sledge and donkeys. This research is mainly based on iconographic and sculptural documentary resources from mastabas and hypogea dating from the Old and Middle Kingdom. Its main concern is to explain the conditions of use of the different means of land transport, on a chronological, sociological as well as on a topographical level.

La colonisation nasale à Staphylococcus aureus est un important facteur de risque d’infection par cette bactérie chez l’homme. Le rôle de la colonisation extra-nasale dans la physiopathologie des infections liées à la souche de colonisation est incertain. Contrairement aux porteurs intermittents et aux non porteurs, les porteurs persistants ont un risque accru d’infection à S. aureus notamment chez les patients dialysés. Nous avons développé et proposé une nouvelle stratégie applicable aux soins courants pour prédire rapidement le statut de portage nasal persistant de S. aureus dans l’optique de faire bénéficier les porteurs les plus à risque d’infection à S. aureus de mesures de prévention ciblées. Nous avons montré, à travers l’étude des réservoirs pharyngé et digestif, qu’il existe une grande diversité génétique des souches de S. aureus isolées des muqueuses. Enfin, différentes hypothèses ont été investiguées pour déterminer les facteurs microbiologiques associés à la persistance du portage nasal de S. aureus. Ces résultats préliminaires suggèrent que les souches isolées de colonisation nasale persistante et intermittente ont des caractéristiques très similaires / Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a major risk factor of infection with this bacterium in humans. The role of S. aureus extra-nasal carriage in endogenous infections remain elusive. By contrast to intermittent carriers and noncarriers, persistent carriers have a higher risk of S. aureus infection, especially in dialysis patients. We have developed and validated an algorithm to predict the nasal carriage state in clinical practice for proposing decolonization to carriers having the highest risk of S. aureus infection. We found a high diversity between S. aureus strains colonizing the nose, the throat and the rectum, suggesting that extra-nasal carriage could be an additional risk factor of S. aureus infection. Finally, we studied several bacterial determinants of persistent nasal carriage. Our preliminary results suggest that S. aureus isolated in persistent and intermittent carriers harboured similar features

The thesis deals with implementation of a program which can, through the use of FUSE library, make data accessible in the relational database like the classical Gentoo Portage storage. First, the reader of the thesis becomes familiar with FUSE library itself. After that, the new data model is built based on the analysis of the Portage structure. The new model emphasizes especially dependencies of packages. The key implementation issues are also described in the next part. Finally, the thesis assesses outcomes achieved including comparison with standard Portage implementation and classical file system. The other possibilities of the project development are considered as well.