Direct fault testing onboard Dynamic Position Vessels is a requirement to maintain the ships classification and ensure redundancy of the power system onboard to maintain position. The most vulnerable part of the ship when testing occurs is when a three phase fault is placed on a main bus. This puts tremendous amount of strain on the system. This thesis offers an alternate and safer way to ensure the protection equipment is working properly by using a fault signal using from Programmable Logic Controller in conjunction with the protection relays. A working PSCAD model of Transocean's DEEPWATER CHAMPION was developed using a one line diagram. Using the developed PSCAD model three phase fault currents could be calculated and then simulated as a scaled down secondary current to use for testing the protection relays. To test the develop testing system different bus configurations were analyzed to determine loss of thruster capabilities which deter the vessel to maintain position. / Master of Science

The ability to find the location of a mobile user has become of utmost importance. The demands of first responders necessitates the ability to accurately identify the location of an individual who is calling for help. Their response times are directly influenced by the ability to locate the caller. Thus, applications such as Enhanced 911 and other location-based services warrant the ability to quickly and accurately calculate location. The FCC has also put in place a timeline for indoor location accuracy requirements that must be met by the mobile communications service providers. In order to meet these requirements, there are many means of performing indoor geolocation that require research; in this thesis two specific methods of identifying the location of a user will be investigated. In the first part, the indoor localization of a target, whose exact location is unknown, in a LTE network is studied. In this problem the time difference of arrival of the LTE uplink signals sent from the target to an observer are used as the means to estimate the target position. The two-dimensional location of a user is then estimated through the use of a nonlinear least-squares algorithm. To improve this approach, a cooperative localization technique in uplink LTE is proposed in which the User Equipment (UE) communicates with base stations as well as other handsets. Through simulated results it is shown that utilizing collaboration can improve location estimation and outperform non-collaborative localization. In the second part, the indoor localization of a target, focusing on its third dimension or elevation, is studied through the use of barometric pressure sensors in mobile handsets. Finding the third dimension of location, or the correct height above the ground level which equates to the floor in a building that a UE is on, cannot be performed with two-dimensional measurement models. For this problem, the pressure sensors are used to accurately find an immediate pressure measurement and allow for the altitude of a handset to be calculated. This altitude can be translated into an estimation for a specific floor of a building given the use of a ground floor pressure reference. Through simulation results it is then shown that the accuracy of third dimension or indoor-floor localization can be improved with the use of collaborative pressure sensors of other mobile handsets. / Master of Science

Yes / This paper reflects Alzheimer Europe’s position on PPI (patient and public involvement) in the context of dementia research and highlights some of the challenges and potential risks and benefits associated with such meaningful involvement. The paper was drafted by Alzheimer Europe in collaboration with members of INTERDEM and the European Working Group of People with Dementia. It has been formally adopted by the Board of Alzheimer Europe and endorsed by the Board of INTERDEM and by the JPND working group ‘Dementia Outcome Measures - Charting New Territory’. Alzheimer Europe is keen to promote the involvement of people with dementia in research, not only as participants but also in the context of PPI, by generating ideas for research, advising researchers, being involved in consultations and being directly involved in research activities. This position paper is in keeping with this objective. Topics covered include, amongst others, planning involvement, establishing roles and responsibilities, training and support, managing information and input from PPI, recognising the contribution of people with dementia involved in research in this way, promoting and protecting the rights and well-being of people with dementia, training and support, and promoting an inclusive approach and the necessary infrastructure for PPI in dementia research. / European Union's Health Programme (2014–2020), grant number 707934. / European Union's Health Programme (2014-2020), grant number 707934. This work received funding under an operating grant from the European Union's Health Programme (2014-2020), grant number 707934.

The southern Appalachian Mountains have long been an area of interest for the analysis of forest species growth and composition. Past forest vegetation studies focus on species composition and structure for relatively local scale research areas. Species distribution within this geographic area was compiled from studies published from 1956 to 2006. The distribution of hardwood species within the southern Appalachians decreased as the elevation of the sites increased, but this relationship could not be solely attributed to elevation gradient. In order to better understand the relationship between elevation on the radial growth of tree species within the region, an elevation microsite was selected to explore the relationship between elevation and the radial growth of upland oak. Eight study sites across an elevation gradient were selected, and 20 oak tree cores were collected, cross-dated, measured, and a master chronology was created for each site. The correlation between ring width index and Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), precipitation and temperature was calculated with each site's master chronology. There was a significant positive correlation between PDSI and ring width index during the growing season for a majority of the year, and a significant positive correlation between precipitation and ring width index during the growing season. Even though the master chronologies originated from eight separate sites, there were common dendroclimatic responses across seven of the sites. Canonical correspondence analysis of site characteristics and ring width index indicate that the master chronologies can be grouped into three separate chronologies based upon similar environmental and site characteristic responses. / Master of Science

Impulse-based Ultrawideband (UWB) is a form of signaling which uses streams of pulses of very short duration, typically on the order of a nanosecond. Impulse-based UWB systems possess the ability to fuse accurate position-location with low-data rate communication, and provide covertness for tactical applications and robustness in dense multipath propagation environments. These features can be leveraged in the design wireless ad hoc position-location networks (PoLoNets) for accurate location tracking and monitoring where GPS is not available, especially indoors. Location information is sequentially propagated through a network of reference nodes in order to create a framework for the tracking of mobile nodes, as well as a multi-hop message-passing infrastructure between mobile nodes and control nodes located outside the area of deployment. The applications of such networks include the location and command-and-control of fire-fighters in emergency scenarios, the location of military personnel deployed in urban or indoor environments, and the guidance of robots through large multi-room indoor environments. The main objective of this dissertation is to derive design principles, techniques and analytical models for UWB PoLoNets that are useful in the development of practical solutions. Some of the fundamental obstacles to obtaining accurate location information in indoor environments are non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal propagation, limited connectivity between nodes, and the propagation of localization inaccuracies when using sequential estimation approaches in ad hoc scenarios. Several techniques and algorithms that mitigate these effects, thereby allowing the design of PoLoNets with requisite localization accuracy, are presented. Although these techniques are developed from the perspective of a UWB physical layer, the majority are applicable to generic PoLoNets. / Ph. D.

Position location has become one of the more important tasks for improving communication and networking performance for future commercial wireless systems. It is also the enabling technology for many control and sensing applications envisioned by the wireless sensor networks (WSN). Despite its meaningfulness and many algorithms being developed in the past several years, position location in harsh propagation environments remains to be a challenging issue, due mainly to the lack of sufficient infrastructure support and the prominent phenomenon of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signal propagation. Recently, adopting the concept of collaborative position location has attracted much research interest due to its potential in overcoming the abovementioned two difficulties. In this work, we approach collaborative position location from two different angles. Specifically, we investigate the optimal performance of collaborative position location, which serves as a theoretical performance benchmark. In addition, we developed a computationally efficient algorithm for collaborative position location and incorporated an effective NLOS mitigation method to improve its performance in NLOS-dense environments. Overall, our work provides insight into both theoretical and practical aspects of collaborative position location. / Ph. D.

Pour maintenir notre équilibre debout, notre cerveau utilise des informations sensorielles. Lorsque ces signaux sont détériorés, le control postural est perturbé et peut être amélioré grâce à l'augmentation sensorielle (AS). Il n'est pas cependant établi si les rétroactions devraient être fournies à chaque déséquilibre. L'objectif était de comparer l'effet de différentes quantités d'AS de type vibrotactile sur le contrôle postural debout et d'évaluer si les effets persistent dans le temps, alors que la qualité des informations somatosensorielles et visuelles sera altérée. Méthode : 24 jeunes adultes en santé aléatoirement divisés en deux groupes (rétroaction 100 % et 33 %) étaient debout les yeux fermés sur un tapis de mousse. Ils recevaient d'abord des rétroactions synchronisées avec la direction des oscillations posturale puis aucune rétroaction. Ensuite, les rétroactions n'étaient plus congruentes avec la direction des oscillations posturales. Afin d'évaluer le contrôle postural, la valeur moyenne quadratique selon les axes médio-latéral et antéro-postérieur et 85 % de l'aire totale couverte en utilisant un ajustement en ellipse ont été calculées à partir de la cinématique du tronc (angle et vitesse angulaire) et des forces au sol (effort neuromusculaire). Résultats : L'AS vibrotactile congruente diminue l'angle du tronc et augmente la vitesse angulaire du tronc et les forces au sol de façon similaire pour les deux groupes. Cette réduction de l'angle du tronc perdure dans l'axe médio-latéral, à la suite de l'arrêt de l'AS, alors que la vitesse angulaire du tronc et les forces au sol diminuent. L'AS vibrotactile non congruente accentuent tous les paramètres suggérant une détérioration de l'équilibre. Conclusion : Les participants ont intégré les rétroactions vibrotactiles pour contrôler leurs oscillations posturales. Les deux quantités d'AS sont aussi efficaces pour améliorer le contrôle postural. L'AS vibrotactile fournie une fois sur trois pourrait être priorisée afin de limiter la charge cognitive. / During upright standing, the brain uses sensory cues to estimate body sways amplitude and direction. These sensory information helps in controlling upright balance. For individuals with balance control impairment, sensory information is altered and vibrotactile feedback improves their balance. It is unclear, however, if feedback must be provided each time balance is compromised. The goal of this study was to compare two quantities of trunk vibrotactile feedback while visual and somatosensory information were altered and to evaluate if the results on upright balance control were maintained afterward. Method: Twenty-four healthy young adults randomly assigned to two groups (feedback 33% and 100%) stood upright on the foam surface with their eyes closed. They first received vibrotactile feedback provided according to body sway angle amplitude and direction and then without feedback. Thereafter, vibrotactile feedback was unrelated to body sway angle and direction. To assess balance control, we measured the ground reaction forces, body sway angle and angular velocity along the anteroposterior and mediolateral axes. We calculated the root mean square values and an ellipse covering 85% all these measures. Results: Balance control of both groups was similar. When vibrotactile feedback was provided, body sway angle amplitude decreased while body sway angular velocity and the ground reaction forces increased. Immediately following vibrotactile feedback, the reduction in body sway angle was maintained while the body sway velocity and the ground forces decreased. When vibrotactile feedback was unrelated to body sway angle, all balance control parameter increased. Conclusion: Participants processed vibrotactile feedback to control their balance. Vibrotactile feedback was effective in improving balance control despite the quantity of vibrotactile feedback provided. We argue that providing vibrotactile feedback one-third of the time that balance control is compromised could be the best choice as it enhances balance control, and it likely implies less cognitive load.

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att belysa och analysera interaktion mellan pedagoger och barn på en fritidshemsavdelning med fokus på maktförhållanden. Som empirisk grund för arbetet ligger de observationer vi har gjort på ett fritidshem. För att analysera våra observationer har vi använt oss av positioneringsteori och intersektionell teori.En av studiens slutsatser är att olika pedagoger positionerar sig själv och barnen på olika sätt. Vi lyfter fram exempel på fyra olika pedagogpositioner. Dessa kallar vi en auktoritär, en kommunikativ, en närhetsskapande och en fostrande pedagogposition. Studien visar vidare att pedagogerna återkommande utmanar överordnade, underordnade och likvärdiga positioneringar bland barnen. Vi kallar detta för pedagogiska repositioneringar, och vi tolkar det som ett sätt att försöka utjämna ojämlika förhållanden i barngruppen. Olika kategoriseringar som kön, ålder och etnicitet verkar spela roll för vilka positioner som finns tillgängliga både för barn och pedagoger. Ytterligare ett resultat av studien är att kulturella berättelser, så kallade storylines, ofta verkar utgöra ramar för vilka handlingar och tolkningar som är tillgängliga för de inblandade. Dessa kan verka begränsande och befästande av positioner. / The purpose of this study to analyze interaction between educators and children at an after- school programme, focusing on power relations. To create the empirical data for this Bachelor's thesis we have performed observations at one after- school programme. The theoretical framework we used for the analysis is a combination of positioning theory and intersectional theory.Among our results we find that different educators position themselves and the children in different ways. We present and discuss four main pedagogical positions for educators that we identified in our field work. These are: an authoritarian educator position, a communicative educator position, an intimacy creating educator position and a fostering educator position. The study showed that the educators recurringly challenge superior, equal and subordinate positions among the children. We choose to call this phenomena pedagogic repositioning. It is understandable as an intent to remediate unequal relationships between children. In the study patterns emerge of how categories such as gender, age and ethnicity has importance for a person's available positions and repertoire of actions. Another result is that cultural stories called storylines often limits the actions and interpretations of the studies’ participants.

Syfte Vårt syfte med denna uppsats är att beskriva och förklara controllers olika roller i två stora företag som arbetar med sin controllerfunktion på olika nivåer. Vi vill skapa en fördjupad förståelse för controllerrollen och hur rollen påverkas av förväntningar från olika nivåer i företaget och controllerns position i företaget. Bakgrund Controllerrollen är under ständig förändring och det finns mycket forskning kring controllers. Det finns dock ett kunskapsgap som vi vill fylla när det gäller hur controllers roller påverkas utifrån förväntningar och position i företaget. Problemformulering Hur påverkar förväntningar och position i företaget controllers roller i ett företag? Metod Denna kvalitativa undersökning bygger på en induktiv ansats för att försöka fördjupa läsarens förståelse för området. Insamlade teorier och genomförda intervjuer tolkas genom ett hermeneutiskt synsätt. Vi har genomfört intervjuer på två stora svenska företag med sex olika controllers. Slutsats Varje controllerroll är unik och det är svårt att kategorisera controllers i bestämda fack. För varje controller som undersöks uppstår en ny kombination av controllerroller. Osäkerhet i rollen kan leda till att controllers tar hjälp av sin chef för att prioritera i sin roll. Överlag har controllers ingen formell beslutsmakt utan är indirekt aktiva i beslutsfattandet genom att ta fram beslutsunderlag, och besitter därigenom informell makt istället. Controllers roller påverkas även av ledningens tillit och graden av frihet som tilldelas controllern. Genom att controllers agerar flexibelt kan de motverka rolltvetydighet. Controllers påverkas även av var de är positionerad i företaget då de förväntas vara mest lojala mot den delen av organisationen de är anställda i. / Purpose Our purpose of this paper is to describe and explain the controllers different roles in two large companies who work with their controller function at various levels. We want to create a deeper understanding of controller roles and how the role is influenced by expectations from various levels of the company and the controller's position in the company. Background The controller role is constantly changing and there is much research on the controllers. However, there is a knowledge gap we want to fill in terms of how expectations and position in the company affects controllers roles. Research question How do expectations and position in the company affect controllers roles in a company? Methods This qualitative study is based on an inductiv approach to try to deepen the reader's understanding of the area. Collected theories and conducted interviews are interpreted by a hermeneutic approach. We conducted interviews at two large Swedish company with six different controllers. Conclusion Each controller role is unique and it is difficult to categorize the controllers in specific compartments. With every studied controller there is a new combination of controller roles. Insecurity in the role can result in controllers taking help of his boss to priority in their role. Overall, controllers have no formal power in decision making but is indirectly active in decision-making by providing decision basic data, and instead posses informal power in decision making. Controllers roles are also affected by the trust of the management and the degree of freedom controllers have been assigned. By acting flexible, controllers can work against role ambiguity. The position in the company also affects the controllers as they are expected to be most loyal to the part of the organization they are employed in.

Text of this thesis deals with the creation and termination of the position of a member of the governing body of a limited company. The first part of this text sets out the conditions under which this member is legally able to perform in his position, these are full legal capacity, no record of criminal conviction and there are no obstacles to undertaking a trade in the meaning of the Act No. 455/1991 Coll. The text also mentions the provisions § 38l of the Commercial Code, for it still applies on some cases on behalf of the provision § 779, paragraph 3 of the Act on Business Corporations. This text of this thesis continues to deal with the consequences of incapacity to perform in this position and states that in this case, the creation of such position is seen, as it never happened. In the case of capacity to perform in a position being lost after the position was created, the position terminates. Newly, a legal entity can become a member of an elective organ. However, to perform in this position, they have to choose a natural person as their representative. If there is no representative, the legal entity is represented by a member of board of directors or a company director. There were warnings of a possibility of multiplication, as there may be legal entities in such statutory bodies. Further,...