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The ceramic industry of Jingdezhen in China can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. Up to the Ming and Qing dynasties, it has become a mature and professionally divided work site handicraft model. Because it has the heritage of the official kiln culture, its status has never changed even though dynasties have changed; it has always been emphasized and supported by the government. However, the competitiveness of Jingdezhen ceramic industry today is far below that of the other ceramic industry community areas in China. In order to clarify the nature of problems of the industry, this study uses the concept and theory of ¡§entrepreneurship¡¨ as well as establishment of the analytical framework to seek the historical context of Jingdezhen ceramic industry development from tradition to the modern. This study also compares it to the 18th Century rise of the English ceramic industry ¡§The Potteries.¡¨ This study finds that development of the Jingdezhen ceramic industry has not been like ¡¥The Potteries¡¨ ceramic industry of England because the social environment and industrial economic system is not conducive to the appearance of entrepreneurs, who can use entrepreneurship to optimize the internal and external conditions of the industry to create success. Such research results can not only help readers understand the current industrial situation in Jingdezhen, but can also help the government or corporate units to reevaluate the appropriateness of their developmental strategies.

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Submitted by Rosimeri Vergara (rosimerivergara@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-12-06T22:26:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Paulo Braccini Fagundes - 2018.pdf: 1692622 bytes, checksum: f6b9ea6f528388b8983ac6a1ce88dcf3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Dayse Pestana (dayse.pestana@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-12-07T13:44:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Paulo Braccini Fagundes - 2018.pdf: 1692622 bytes, checksum: f6b9ea6f528388b8983ac6a1ce88dcf3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-07T13:44:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Paulo Braccini Fagundes - 2018.pdf: 1692622 bytes, checksum: f6b9ea6f528388b8983ac6a1ce88dcf3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / Ao tratar de uma atividade em que há necessidade de recursos humanos para seu desenvolvimento, mostra-se elementar o estudo de medidas relacionadas à prevenção de riscos no ambiente laboral. A presente pesquisa, vinculada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia Mineral da Universidade Federal do Pampa, aborda um dos pilares fundamentais de qualquer atividade econômica, neste caso em especial, do setor de transformação de minerais não metálicos: segurança e saúde do trabalhador. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, na qual se realizou um estudo de caso em uma olaria no município de Caçapava do Sul - RS, buscando identificar os riscos ocupacionais existentes no empreendimento. A metodologia utilizada contemplou análises qualitativa e quantitativa, por meio de coleta de dados em campo e avaliação dos registros existentes. Observou-se o funcionamento de todo o processo produtivo da olaria, analisando as atividades desenvolvidas nos distintos postos de trabalho para, então, poder identificar os riscos ocupacionais, sua fonte geradora e a forma de exposição dos trabalhadores a estes riscos. Foram identificados riscos físicos como ruído, calor, vibrações e radiações não ionizantes, riscos químicos como poeira, gases e fumos metálicos no ambiente de trabalho e resultantes de tarefas de manutenção, e, ainda, riscos ergonômicos e de acidentes, variando conforme com os setores do empreendimento: extração da matéria-prima, produção de tijolos, forno/secador, manutenção e transporte/entrega. Não obstante tenham sido identificados riscos inerentes às atividades desenvolvidas, apresentaram-se plenamente passíveis de aplicação as medidas de proteção coletiva, individual e de ordem administrativa para seu devido controle, objetivando à prevenção da saúde e da integridade física dos trabalhadores. / When dealing with an activity in which human resources are required for its development, it is essential to study measures related to risks prevention in the work environment. This research, linked to the Postgraduate Program in Mineral Technology of the Federal University of Pampa, addresses one of the fundamental pillars of any economic activity, in this case in particular, of the non-metallic minerals processing sector: safety and health of the worker. This is an exploratory-descriptive research, in which a case study was carried out in a pottery in the municipality of Caçapava do Sul - RS, seeking to identify the occupational risks in the enterprise. The methodology included qualitative and quantitative analysis, through field data collection and evaluation of existing records. It was observed the operation of the whole production process of the pottery, analyzing the activities developed in the different jobs, in order to be able to identify the occupational risks, its source and the way workers are exposed to these risks. Have been verified physical risks such as noise, heat, vibration and nonionizing radiations, chemical risks such as dust, gases and metal fumes in the work environment and resulting from maintenance tasks, as well as ergonomic and accident risks, varying according to the sector: raw material extraction, production of bricks, oven/dryer, maintenance and freight/delivery. Although risks inherent to the activities developed have been identified, it was fully applicable the collective, individual and administrative protection measures for its due control, aiming to prevent the health and physical integrity of workers.

La recherche archéologique au sujet du Complexe Culturel Lapita, qui se développa en Océanie il y a environ 3200-2800 ans BP, a considérablement évolué ces dernières décennies. Le propos de la thèse présentée ici est de montrer que l’étude des décorations des poteries lapita peut être particulièrement utile pour la compréhension de des populations lapita. Après avoir rappelé l’historique de la recherche autour du lapita, et l’état de la recherche actuelle, nous présentons dans un second temps une étude très détaillée des décors céramiques : comment ceux-ci étaient réalisés, comment les différentes frises et les motifs s’organisaient entre eux. Enfin, quelles sont les différences et les répartitions spatiales et temporelles de tous ces motifs et de leurs variantes. Cette première étape permet de dresser un bilan exhaustif du mode de représentation graphique des Lapita et d’insister sur son importance dans notre connaissance de la société au tournant des IIème et Ier millénaires avant notre ère. Dans un troisième temps, les observations et les résultats obtenus sont mis en relation avec les autres données archéologiques, ainsi que celles issues de la linguistique historique et de l’ethnologie pour tenter de montrer que les décors lapita peuvent sans doute être considérés comme les reflets de certains aspects immatériels –principalement sociaux- des Lapita : de la parenté à l’organisation des groupes lapita dans le vaste territoire compris entre la Nouvelle-Guinée et les îles Samoa, en passant par les îles Salomon, le Vanuatu, la Nouvelle-Calédonie, les îles Fidji et les archipels de Tonga et de Wallis et Futuna. Ce type d’étude permet une ouverture de la recherche océanienne vers des hypothèses de reconstitutions sociales ouvrant de nouvelles perspectives pour la compréhension des sociétés dites « à tradition orale. » / Archaeological research on the Lapita Cultural Complex, which developed in Oceania about 3200-2800 years Before Present, has evolved considerably in recent decades. The purpose of the thesis presented here is to show that the study of Lapita pottery decoration can be particularly useful for the understanding of the Lapita people. After having remembered the history of research about Lapita, and the state of current research, we present in a second time a very detailed study of ceramic decorations : how they were made, how the various friezes and motifs organize themselves. Finally, what are the differences, spatial and temporal distributions of all these patterns and their variants. This first step allows a comprehensive review of the mode of graphical representation of the Lapita and emphasize its importance in our understanding of society at the turn of second and first millennia BC. In a third step, observations and results are linked with other archaeological data, as well as those from historical linguistics and ethnology in an attempt to show that Lapita decorations can probably be seen as the reflections of intangible aspects -mainly social- of Lapita: the relationship to the organization of Lapita groups in the vast territory between New Guinea and Samoa, through the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji and the archipelagos of Tonga and Wallis and Futuna. This type of study allows an opening for the Pacific Research into social assumptions reconstructions opening new perspectives for understanding the cultures so-called "oral tradition."

A pesquisa pretende levantar através de documentação disponível, além de outras fontes, informações sobre as origens da produção em barro cozido nas olarias da Vila de Piratininga, ou como iremos tratá-la aqui, Vila de São Paulo, especialmente sob a administração da Ordem Beneditina, no período entre 1560 e 1870. Trataremos de identificar as técnicas de produção empregadas na elaboração das peças produzidas nestas olarias, como telhas, tijolos, louças, etc, sobretudo, nas olarias da Fazenda do Tijucusú pertencentes à Ordem Beneditina e na olaria da Vila de Pinheiros administrada pelos beneditinos. Investigaremos a documentação disponível sobre as olarias e pretendemos demonstrar as técnicas e as finalidades de uso das peças ali produzidas, assim como em outras olarias da Vila de São Paulo no período citado, na tentativa de confirmar a existência efetiva de uma indústria oleira consistente e uma mão de obra especializada. / The research intends to raise through available documentation, and other sources, information about the origins of production in terracota in the brick kilns of Piratininga village or how we treat it, Vila Sao Paulo, especially in the administration of the Benedictine\"s Order in the period between 1560 and 1870. We will try to identify the production techniques used in the preparation of the pieces produced in these brick kilns, such as tiles, bricks, crockery, etc., and especially the potteries of Tijucusú Treasury belonging to the Benedictine Order and the pottery of Pine Village run by the Benedictines. We investigate the available documentation on these potteries and we intend to demonstrate the techniques and the use purposes of there produced parts, as well as in other potteries from the town of São Paulo in the period mentioned in an attempt to confirm the actual existence of a consistent potter industry and a skilled labor.

A pesquisa pretende levantar através de documentação disponível, além de outras fontes, informações sobre as origens da produção em barro cozido nas olarias da Vila de Piratininga, ou como iremos tratá-la aqui, Vila de São Paulo, especialmente sob a administração da Ordem Beneditina, no período entre 1560 e 1870. Trataremos de identificar as técnicas de produção empregadas na elaboração das peças produzidas nestas olarias, como telhas, tijolos, louças, etc, sobretudo, nas olarias da Fazenda do Tijucusú pertencentes à Ordem Beneditina e na olaria da Vila de Pinheiros administrada pelos beneditinos. Investigaremos a documentação disponível sobre as olarias e pretendemos demonstrar as técnicas e as finalidades de uso das peças ali produzidas, assim como em outras olarias da Vila de São Paulo no período citado, na tentativa de confirmar a existência efetiva de uma indústria oleira consistente e uma mão de obra especializada. / The research intends to raise through available documentation, and other sources, information about the origins of production in terracota in the brick kilns of Piratininga village or how we treat it, Vila Sao Paulo, especially in the administration of the Benedictine\"s Order in the period between 1560 and 1870. We will try to identify the production techniques used in the preparation of the pieces produced in these brick kilns, such as tiles, bricks, crockery, etc., and especially the potteries of Tijucusú Treasury belonging to the Benedictine Order and the pottery of Pine Village run by the Benedictines. We investigate the available documentation on these potteries and we intend to demonstrate the techniques and the use purposes of there produced parts, as well as in other potteries from the town of São Paulo in the period mentioned in an attempt to confirm the actual existence of a consistent potter industry and a skilled labor.