While not exactly back room political bargaining, the traditional use of cooperation has been by moral theologians attempting to define the level of cooperation for a particular situation. This chosen definition, in turn, may help focus the range of appropriate actions in response to the situation's circumstances. In this customary usage, an organization's associates (employees) may assist the implementation of relevant responses to a cooperation analysis, whether the issue is clinical or organizational in nature. They have not been integral to the decision-making process - until now. <br>Cooperation has been the proverbial candle under the bushel (Matthew 5:15). This paper proposes the involvement of organizations' associates not only for decision-making and discernment, but for their own moral development. The foundation of this thesis is not only that organizations are moral agents, but also that organizations are reflective of the moral development of their associates when they exercise their agency. Using this model, this theory advances a use of the principle of cooperation by interpreting cooperation as a function of moral development for advancing associates. Advancement, in this case, means that, optimally, the process will expose participants to individuals in various stages of moral development, challenge them in appropriate ways, and enhance their moral development as characterized by Lawrence Kohlberg and Carol Gilligan. Even if participants do not advance in their moral development, the model proposed here will form participants in moral decision-making within the Catholic moral tradition. To a lesser degree, it is also a useful ministry discernment tool if appointed to discriminate responses to some of the individual and organizational issues (topics) mentioned above. / McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts / Health Care Ethics / PhD / Dissertation

Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2016-12-20T10:51:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Goncalves Gomes.pdf: 2307783 bytes, checksum: f3f4dfe27dc8713788f886cd5971e74e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-20T10:51:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Goncalves Gomes.pdf: 2307783 bytes, checksum: f3f4dfe27dc8713788f886cd5971e74e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-02 / The reorganization measures of the process is the main theme of the thesis .In spite of a classic theme, there are several influences and reconfigurations that need to be re-adjusted over time, the main focus remains to achieve the restructuring of the civil procedure: a fast and efficient guarantee of legal assistance. The study was developed with the methodical orientation of the deductive approach and the technical of the literature search. This study aims, in a first moment, reinforce the need of reorganization measures of the process regarding the organization and preparation of the lawsuit to the fnal phase and setting up the necessary rules, so that the process can reach its highest and best efficiency. Secondly, realize a new meaning of this well-known subject, with the provocations brought up hereby, which can be very useful to modernize the Brazilian Civil Process System. For this purpose, and before getting in the current reality, which is the result of the effectiveness of of Civil Procedure Code of 2015, we need to draw some considerations about the foreign influences on the issue and prepare a brief summary of the development of the reorganization measures in Brazilian’s law. It’s important to demonstrate, as well, objectively, the deficiencies in the previous model - the Civil Procedure Code of 1973 - and the reasons of its failure. In a brief conclusion, we can say that the absolute lack of awareness of the parties and the judges in the use of the old technical proposed in the previous procedural law was a major cause of loss of efficiency in the reorganization measures phase, which was completed with the "reorganization measure instruction". The innovations introduced by the Civil Procedure Code of 2015 promote the existence of a civil process in cooperation with several legal possibilities for the realization of a democratic and effective restructuring process, for the benefit of all parties involved in the process. The reorganization measures phase of the process and its decision serves as a judgment guide of the lawsuit, whose the content should be worked by the judge and the parties. In a law democratic state, it is right and appropriate to guarantee the “full right of adversarial exercise”; in particular, the judge must necessarily provide the parties (jointly or separately) the grounds of his judgment, based on the fact and the law. The Reorganization, in the context of procedural motion, is the main phase and enables the State, represented by the judge,to exercise the judicial activity in a technical manner, appropriate, effective and equitable / O saneamento do processo é o foco desta tese. Apesar de ser um tema clássico e de ter assimilado várias influências e reconfigurações ao longo do tempo, a fase de saneamento é muito importante na consecução da principal finalidade do processo civil: a outorga rápida e eficiente da prestação jurisdicional. O estudo, que se desenvolve com a orientação metodológica da abordagem dedutiva e da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, pretende, em um primeiro plano, reforçar a necessidade de o saneamento do processo ser realizado com vistas a organizar e preparar a demanda para a sua fase final, definindo-se todas as regras necessárias para que o processo venha a alcançar o seu maior e melhor rendimento; em segundo, realizar uma nova leitura sobre uma temática considerada bem conhecida por todos, de modo a fazer com que as provocações aqui trazidas possam ser muito úteis à modernização do sistema processual civil brasileiro. Para esse propósito, e antes de adentrar a realidade atual fruto da vigência do Código de Processo Civil de 2015, será necessário traçar algumas considerações a respeito das influências estrangeiras sobre o tema e elaborar um breve resumo a respeito do desenvolvimento da fase de saneamento no direito brasileiro, importante para demonstrar de forma objetiva as deficiências existentes no modelo anterior – do Código de Processo Civil de 1973 – e as razões do seu fracasso. Em breve conclusão, pode-se afirmar que a absoluta falta de consciência das partes e dos juízes na utilização da técnica proposta pelo antigo ordenamento processual foram um grande motivo de perda de eficiência da fase de saneamento, a qual era concluída com o “despacho saneador”. As inovações trazidas pelo CPC de 2015 estimulam a existência de um processo civil desenvolvido em regime de colaboração, com várias oportunidades legais para a realização de uma atividade saneadora democrática e efetiva, em benefício de todos os sujeitos do processo. A fase de saneamento do processo e a decisão saneadora que dele advém servem a todos como um verdadeiro roteiro de julgamento da demanda, cujo conteúdo deve ser construído em conjunto – o juiz e as partes. Em um Estado Democrático de Direito é justo e adequado que seja garantido o pleno exercício do contraditório e, principalmente, facultada às partes a indicação (conjunta ou não) das questões de fato e de direito que, na sua visão, devem obrigatoriamente ser objeto de apreciação do juiz em sua sentença. O saneamento, no contexto da marcha processual, mostra-se como a sua principal fase e colabora para que o Estado-juiz possa fazer a entrega da atividade jurisdicional de maneira técnica, adequada, efetiva e justa

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Livia Gaigher Bosio Campello.pdf: 14428380 bytes, checksum: 25b599490f25334aec981859c64ae994 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study aims at the international mechanisms instituted for the control implementation and compliance of multilateral international Treaties on environment protection prevailing in the international order. The interest in this investigation is justit1ed by the need to find the basis of and to give answers to difficulties on the integration, implementation and compliance of environment protection rules by the States. On the other hand, the prevention and the promotion of compliance are identified as primary purposes herein. Thus, the assistance mechanisms provided in the Treaties form part of a strategy destined to promote a new culture of environmental protection necessary for damage prevention and compliance with the environmental protection rules. The valorative basis of such international practice, which is pragmatically verified by means of cooperation, s the principle of solidarity, a fundamental value of the International Law and, in particular, the Environmental International Law. The principle of solidarity, in this study, figures as a landmark and a pillar to the operation and control of compliance with the States' obligations in two dimensions: international solidarity among States in order to defend the common interests of humankind; and intergenerational solidarity in order to ensure the environment preservation for present and future generations. In this perspective, solidarity is conceived as more than a general concept of neighborliness or good faith, bl.1t a structurally regulated legal value that generates rights and duties / Este estudo tem por objeto os mecanismos internacionais instituídos para o controle da aplicação e cumprimento dos Tratados internacionais multilaterais de proteção ambiental vigentes no ordenamento internacional. O interesse nesta investigação se justifica pela necessidade de encontrar os fundamentos e dar respostas às dificuldades de integração, aplicação e cumprimento das normas internacionais de proteção do meio ambiente pelos Estados. De outro lado, a prevenção e a promoção do cumprimento são identificadas nesta pesquisa como finalidades primordiais. Assim, os mecanismos assistenciais previstos nos Tratados formam parte da estratégia destinada a fomentar uma cultura de proteção do meio ambiente, necessária para prevenir os danos e favorecer o cumprimento das normas jurídicas protetoras do meio ambiente pelos Estados. O alicerce valorativo dessa prática internacional, a qual se verifica pragmaticamente por intermédio da cooperação, é o princípio da solidariedade, valor fundamental do Direito Internacional e, em especial, do Direito Internacional Ambiental. O princípio da solidariedade, nesta tese, é apresentado 'como marco e alicerce para atuação e controle do cumprimento das obrigações dos Estados em duas dimensões: solidariedade' internacional entre os Estados para defesa dos interesses comuns da humanidade e solidariedade intergeracional para garantir a preservação do meio ambiente para as gerações presentes e futuras. Nessa perspectiva, a solidariedade é concebida como mais do que uma noção geral de boa vizinhança ou boa-fé, como valor jurídico estruturante positivado que cria direitos e obrigações

Este trabalho visa a realizar uma análise sistemática das diversas normas do Código de Processo Civil que tratam do abuso de situações jurídicas processuais. O tratamento desse tema é dividido em quatro partes. Em primeiro lugar, analisa-se a teoria geral do abuso do processo, que abrange a evolução histórica do abuso processual, a adoção da teoria do abuso do direito oriunda do Direito privado, os fundamentos da prevenção e da repressão dos comportamentos abusivos, os elementos essenciais que caracterizam o abuso do processo (objeto, sujeitos e requisitos do ato processual abusivo) e a discussão acerca da ilicitude do ato processual abusivo. Em seguida, considerando os elementos caracterizadores do abuso do processo, são identificadas e estudadas as hipóteses de abuso de situações jurídicas processuais previstas no Código de Processo Civil brasileiro. A terceira seção deste trabalho é dedicada às consequências jurídicas do abuso do processo e a algumas questões referentes à aplicação de sanções. Finalmente, na quarta parte, procede-se ao exame dos mecanismos destinados a prevenir o abuso de situações jurídicas processuais. / This work aims to do a systematic analysis of the different norms of the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code that deals with the abuse of procedural rights. The treatment of this subject is divided into four sections. In the first place, it analyses the general theory of abuse of process, which includes the historical evolution of abuse of process, the adoption of the theory of abuse of rights from civil law, the foundations of prevention and repression of abusive behaviors, the essential elements that characterize the abuse of process (its object, its subjects and the requisites of the abusive procedural act) and the discussion about the unlawfulness of the abusive procedural act. Subsequently, considering the distinguishing elements of abuse of process, it identifies and studies the fattispecies of abuse of procedural rights contained in the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code. The third section of this work is dedicated to the legal consequences of abuse of process and to some questions related to the application of sanctions. Finally, in the fourth section, it examines the legal devices aimed at preventing abuse of procedural rights.

Este trabalho visa a realizar uma análise sistemática das diversas normas do Código de Processo Civil que tratam do abuso de situações jurídicas processuais. O tratamento desse tema é dividido em quatro partes. Em primeiro lugar, analisa-se a teoria geral do abuso do processo, que abrange a evolução histórica do abuso processual, a adoção da teoria do abuso do direito oriunda do Direito privado, os fundamentos da prevenção e da repressão dos comportamentos abusivos, os elementos essenciais que caracterizam o abuso do processo (objeto, sujeitos e requisitos do ato processual abusivo) e a discussão acerca da ilicitude do ato processual abusivo. Em seguida, considerando os elementos caracterizadores do abuso do processo, são identificadas e estudadas as hipóteses de abuso de situações jurídicas processuais previstas no Código de Processo Civil brasileiro. A terceira seção deste trabalho é dedicada às consequências jurídicas do abuso do processo e a algumas questões referentes à aplicação de sanções. Finalmente, na quarta parte, procede-se ao exame dos mecanismos destinados a prevenir o abuso de situações jurídicas processuais. / This work aims to do a systematic analysis of the different norms of the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code that deals with the abuse of procedural rights. The treatment of this subject is divided into four sections. In the first place, it analyses the general theory of abuse of process, which includes the historical evolution of abuse of process, the adoption of the theory of abuse of rights from civil law, the foundations of prevention and repression of abusive behaviors, the essential elements that characterize the abuse of process (its object, its subjects and the requisites of the abusive procedural act) and the discussion about the unlawfulness of the abusive procedural act. Subsequently, considering the distinguishing elements of abuse of process, it identifies and studies the fattispecies of abuse of procedural rights contained in the Brazilian Civil Procedure Code. The third section of this work is dedicated to the legal consequences of abuse of process and to some questions related to the application of sanctions. Finally, in the fourth section, it examines the legal devices aimed at preventing abuse of procedural rights.

Ce travail s’attache à la construction textuelle du brevet d'invention (type de texte spécialisé très normé) par l’étude des contraintes pragmatiques le structurant et notamment celles le définissant comme une contribution au sens gricéen (Grice), post-gricéen (Nemo, Portuguès) ou non-gricéen (Clark et Schaefer). Il étudie ses stratégies textuelles, par exemple en termes de rhétorique de la revendication, en se penchant sur son format particulier dans lequel sont isolés des éléments récurrents et autonomes, les ensembles contributionnels, et leurs liaisons.La première partie présente l’approche contributionnelle du texte de brevet d’invention. Il s’agit d’une part de décrire le texte comme un objet contributionnel, et d’autre part de se demander dans quelle mesure la confrontation avec un texte hyperformaté conduit à reconsidérer les maximes (gricéennes) régulant les contributions. Le corpus d’étude est constitué d’une base textuelle de brevets d’invention transformée en base de données contributionnelles. L’analyse de celle-ci permet une modélisation contributionnelle du texte de brevet fondée sur des marqueurs délimitant des ensembles contributionnels soumis à un schéma général invariant, prédictible et reproductible. La phase de modélisation est l’occasion de reformuler une partie des maximes gricéennes encadrant la production d’ensembles contributionnels. Dans le cadre d’une conception plurisémique de l’interprétation, la fin de l’étude dégage les propriétés de la strate contributionnelle, en montrant notamment qu’à partir de la contrainte de complétude du texte en train de se construire et au travers des différentes sous-contributions qui le constituent se met en place une mécanique textuelle reposant sur des enchaînements contributionnels spécifiques aux textes formatés. Ces considérations sur la matière contributionnelle des textes permettent d’aborder les fondements d’une théorie contributionnelle du texte. / The present work looks into the textual construction of the patent (very standardized specialized type of text) by the study of pragmatical constraints which structure it and in particular of the constraints which define it as a contribution in a Gricean (Grice), post-Gricean (Nemo, Portuguès) and non-Gricean (Clark and Schaefer) meaning. This work studies the textual strategies involved, particularly in terms of the rhetoric of claiming, by examining over its particular format in which are isolated recurring and autonomous elements, - the contributional sets, and their connections.The first part presents a contributional approach of patents as texts, describing patent text as a contributional object and discussing the way the confrontation with hyper-formatted and strongly constrained textual data may lead to reconsider and reformulate contributional maxims. The corpus of study consists of a textual data base of patents which is then formatted into contributional data. The analysis of this contributional data allows a contributional modeling of the patent text based on markers which defined contributional groups subject to general master scheme which is invariable, predictable and reproducible. This phase of modeling provides an opportunity to partly reformulate the Gricean maxims which frame the production of the contributional groups. Using a plurisemic approach of interpretation, the end of the study intends to release the properties of the contributional layer, by showing in particular that the constraint of exhaustivity which is at work in the construction of the text through various sub-contributions leads to the emergence of a mechanical text, with its laws and constraints, based on contributional chains specific to very formatted texts and more general texts alike. These considerations on the contributional material of the texts allow an approach to the foundations of a contributional theory of text.