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De Ars Sublime Infinitis Minimo: sobre o sublime nanotecnológicoLemos, Renata 26 March 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-26 / This thesis discusses the contemporary developments of Mario Costa's aesthetics of communication in the context of nanoconvergence (the pervasive process of integration between digital, biological, computational and cognitive interfaces). Nanoconvergence is a historical event similar to the advent of cyberspace, which carries an equivalent potential for disruption. Just as Mario Costa's aesthetics of communication present a technological sublime which is mediated via technical images, we propose in this thesis the emergence of an aesthetics of nanocommunication, which proposes a nanotechnological sublime which is mediated through technological individuation.While Mario Costa's technological sublime relies entirely on the Kantian sublime, the nanotechnological sublime is inspired by the transimanent sublime of Schopenhauer. Mario Costa's technological sublime is connected to the virtual and to the digital reproducibility of imaging techniques. However, the nanotechnological sublime refers instead to the materiality and self-reproducibility of its principle of individuation. The nanotechnological principle of individuation acts as a transductive medium between unity of matter and the multiplicity of its material elements and compounds, as stated by Bainbridge, Stiegler and Simondon. The nanotechnological sublime is explored through three stages of research: scientific - research and presentation of the technoscientific achievements of nanotechnology; philosophical - analysis of the specificity of the sublime aesthetics peculiar to these advances in science, and artistic - research and analysis of nanoimages and the collaborative production of video art based on the concept of the nanosublime. Contemporary nanoimages reveal a nanotechnological imaginarium where references to alchemy and medieval ideology are present both in scientific discourse and the poetics of nanoart. The nanotechnological sublime belongs to the semiotic realm in which the visible and invisible are not in opposition, for the materiality of physical reality, established through quantum modulations nanotechnologically manipulated, is perfectly united with the immaterial lightness of the informational codes that enable nanoconvergence / Este trabalho aborda os desdobramentos contemporâneos da estética da comunicação de Mario Costa no contexto tecnocientífico da nanoconvergência (o processo de integração pervasiva entre interfaces digitais, biológicas, computacionais e cognitivas). A nanoconvergência é um acontecimento histórico, similar ao advento do ciberespaço, que apresenta potencial equivalente de disrupção. Assim como a estética da comunicação de Mario Costa apresenta um sublime tecnológico mediado através de imagens técnicas, propomos nesta tese o surgimento de uma estética da nanocomunicação, a qual, por sua vez, propõe um sublime nanotecnológico mediado através da individuação tecnológica. Enquanto o sublime tecnológico de Mario Costa se baseia inteiramente no sublime kantiano, o sublime nanotecnológico se inspira no sublime transimanente de Schopenhauer. Se o sublime tecnológico de Mario Costa está ligado à virtualidade e reprodutibilidade digital das imagens técnicas, temos que o sublime nanotecnológico se refere, ao invés, à materialidade e autorreprodutibilidade do seu princípio de individuação. O princípio de individuação nanotecnológico atua como meio transdutivo entre a unidade da matéria e a multiplicidade de seus elementos e compostos materiais, como nos apresentam Bainbridge, Stiegler e Simondon. O sublime nanotecnológico é explorado através de três etapas de pesquisa: científica levantamento e apresentação das fronteiras tecnocientíficas relacionadas à nanotecnologia; filosófica análise da especificidade do sublime que a estética peculiar aos avanços científicos nos evoca; e artística pesquisa e análise das imagens nanotecnológicas e produção colaborativa de vídeo-arte baseada no conceito do nanosublime. As nanoimagens nos revelam um imaginário nanotecnológico no qual referências à alquimia e ao ideário medieval estão presentes, tanto no discurso científico quanto nas poéticas da nanoarte. O sublime nanotecnológico pertence à dimensão semiótica em que o visível e o invisível não estão em oposição e nem caracterizam uma dualidade, pois a materialidade da realidade física, manipulável através das modulações quânticas da nanotecnologia, mostra-se perfeitamente coesa com a imaterialidade característica à leveza dos códigos informacionais da nanoconvergência
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L’application des mathématiques aux phénomènes naturels chez LeibnizElawani, Jeffrey 08 1900 (has links)
Ce mémoire porte sur la réponse leibnizienne à la question de l’utilité des
mathématiques pour la connaissance de la nature, c’est-à-dire, en l’occurrence, pour la
connaissance des phénomènes corporels et de leurs relations. Dans le premier chapitre,
nous nous intéressons à la façon dont les notions abstraites mathématiques entrent dans la
connaissance la plus immédiate des choses. à travers le mode par lequel nous apparaît
l’individualité des phénomènes. Après avoir fourni des éclaircissements métaphysiques sur
la conception leibnizienne de l’individuation, nous nous plongeons dans l’étude de la
position spatiale à la lumière de l’analyse géométrique leibnizienne. Ce dernier prédicat
fournit une manière de déterminer les individus qui ne sont pas bien distingués par nous au
moyen de leurs qualités réelles. Considérés sous le seul angle de leur individuation spatiale,
les phénomènes ont un caractère idéal et indéterminé qui les rend immédiatement
susceptibles d’un traitement mathématique. Dans le second chapitre, nous nous intéressons
à la question de savoir pourquoi les explications physiques qui font usage des
mathématiques sont pour Leibniz préférables épistémologiquement. Nous nous tournons
en conséquence vers ses raisons d’adhérer à la philosophie mécanique, qui contient une
composante mathématique essentielle, afin d’étudier celle qui tient à la plus grande
intelligibilité du mécanisme. Nous tentons de montrer que la composante mathématique du
mécanisme contribue à cette intelligibilité parce que les mathématiques proposent une
mode de raisonnement valide et expressément adapté à la situation épistémologique des
esprits finis. Ce mode produit des raisonnements nécessaires aux moyens de notions
incomplètes. Il suscite également la découverte de nouvelles vérités en offrant à
l’imagination un support sensible, contrôlable et évident. / This thesis explores Leibniz’s solution to the problem of how mathematics are
useful to our understanding of the world, i.e., to our understanding of corporeal phenomena
and their relations. In the first chapter, it focuses on how abstract mathematical notions
enter in our most immediate understanding of the world. Here, the aim is connecting the
pervasiveness of mathematics to the peculiar way by which the individuality of phenomena
manifests itself to us. After some metaphysical remarks on Leibniz’s conception of
individuation, we study spatial position in the light of the new leibnizian geometrical
analysis : Analysis Situs. Spatial position provides us with a way to further distinguish
between individual phenomena whose qualities relevant to their real individuation remain
ignored. In the sole light of spatial individuation, phenomena are ideal and indeterminate.
This situation renders them susceptible to mathematical treatment without further
elaboration. In the second chapter, we turn our attention to the question of why
mathematical methods in philosophy of nature are epistemologically superior in Leibniz’s
eyes. We explore Leibniz’s reason to espouse a mechanical philosophy which comprise
indispensable mathematical notions. Leibniz believes that mechanical philosophy is the
most intelligible explanation of nature and we mean to assess how mathematics enter this
picture. We try to show that the mathematical aspects of mechanical philosophy make it
more intelligible by virtue of mathematics’ peculiar mode of reasoning. This mode of
reasoning is valid as well as most suited for our finite minds. It provides necessary
arguments through incomplete notions. It also encourages the discovery by assisting the
imagination with controlled and sensible support that makes knowledge more evident.
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Individuation : Ontogenes : Prolegomena till Gilbert Simondons genetiska ontologiSehlberg, Johan January 2011 (has links)
The following text constitutes an attempt to present the French philosopher Gilbert Simondon's genetic ontology through an account of his reconfiguration of the problem of individuation in his doctoral thesis from 1958, L'individuation à la lumière des notions de forme, information, potentiel, métastabilité. The intention is to show how Simondon through this reconfiguration of a classical philosophical problem – in which concepts and schemas from contemporary physics and technology is utilised in a critique of the bi-polar hylomorphic schema as its traditional, substantialistic solution – becomes able to articulate an anti-substantialistic and anti-reductionistic ontogenesis as first philosophy. A systematic philosophical conception that according to Simondon precedes every critical investigation of the subject as well as every scientific ontology – not by establishing a pre-critical position, but by exceeding Kant's critical position: that is, through a displacement toward a conception of the transcendental conditions for the genesis of being and thought as real conditions, rather than conditions of mere possibility. A displacement that in turn appears to respond to the question that frames this basic account of important concepts and schemas in Simondon, namely: in what sense and to what extent is it necessary for philosophical thought to be thought and developed in relation to other forms of thought?
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