The news media serve as the Canadian public’s main source of information about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This thesis examines the ways in which the Canadian media portray the conflict, through a lens of Habermas’ (1962) public sphere theory, Foucault’s (1926 – 1984) ideas on discourse, and Rawls’ (1921 – 2002) conceptions of equality and justice. Building on these theories, Noelle-Neumann’s Spiral of Silence theory (1974), Said’s Orientalism (1978), and d’Arcy’s (1913 – 1983) conception of the right to communicate are examined to arrive at a framework for analyzing Canadian news. Looking at ideological representations, power manifestations, issue framing, and social responsibility within the media, this thesis explores whether the Canadian media portray the conflict in such a way that fosters a downward spiral of opinions within the Canadian public. A Critical Discourse Analysis of coverage in two national English Canadian newspapers, The Globe and Mail and the National Post, during three separate timeframes of increased violence in Israel and Palestine between 2000 and 2009 reveals that newspaper representations of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict are often entrenched in predefined ways of portraying the Other, fostering an Israeli-Palestinian spiral of silence in Canadian media.

The news media serve as the Canadian public’s main source of information about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This thesis examines the ways in which the Canadian media portray the conflict, through a lens of Habermas’ (1962) public sphere theory, Foucault’s (1926 – 1984) ideas on discourse, and Rawls’ (1921 – 2002) conceptions of equality and justice. Building on these theories, Noelle-Neumann’s Spiral of Silence theory (1974), Said’s Orientalism (1978), and d’Arcy’s (1913 – 1983) conception of the right to communicate are examined to arrive at a framework for analyzing Canadian news. Looking at ideological representations, power manifestations, issue framing, and social responsibility within the media, this thesis explores whether the Canadian media portray the conflict in such a way that fosters a downward spiral of opinions within the Canadian public. A Critical Discourse Analysis of coverage in two national English Canadian newspapers, The Globe and Mail and the National Post, during three separate timeframes of increased violence in Israel and Palestine between 2000 and 2009 reveals that newspaper representations of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict are often entrenched in predefined ways of portraying the Other, fostering an Israeli-Palestinian spiral of silence in Canadian media.

Throughout the 1950s, U.S. policymakers actively encouraged Americans to participate in civil defense through a variety of policies. In 1958, amidst confusion concerning which of these policies were most efficient, President Eisenhower established the National Shelter Plan and a new civil defense agency titled The Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization. This agency urged homeowners to build private fallout shelters through print media. In response, Americans used newspapers, magazines, and science fiction novels to contest civil defense and the foreign and domestic policies that it was based upon, including nuclear strategy. Many Americans remained unconvinced of the viability of civil defense or feared its psychological impacts on society. Eventually, these criticisms were able to weaken civil defense efforts and even alter nuclear defense strategy and missile defense technology.

Titel: QR-koden – ett nytt marknadsföringsverktyg med potential Författare: Eric Karlsson och Oskar Kristiansson Handledare: Klaus Solberg Søilen Nivå: Kandidatuppsats, Marknadsföring (15 hp), VT 2012 Nyckelord: QR-koder, marknadsföringsverktyg, interaktion, incitament, strategi, Quick Response Codes, marknadsföring, print media, smartphones, annonsering, ROI Problemformulering: Hur bör företag använda sig av QR-koder i sina marknadsföringsaktiviteter? Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att, med utgångspunkt i den teoretiska referensramen och en kvalitativ studie av fem svenska företag, kartlägga hur QR-koder bör användas i marknadsföringsaktiviteter. Vidare vill vi identifiera fördelar och nackdelar med QR-koder för att se vilka implikationer ett lyckat respektive misslyckat användande har för företagen. Teoretisk referensram: Här presenterar vi olika teorier för att förstå begreppen som ligger bakom samt hjälper till att definiera fenomenet QR-koder och användningen av dem i marknadsföring. Teorierna är även behjälpliga vid vår analys av den empiriska datan. Metodik: Vi har valt en deduktiv ansats till vår uppsats som innebär att vi tittat på tidigare nedskrivna teorier och information för att kunna ta ställning till hur vi ska ställa frågorna till de företag som vi vill intervjua i vår kvalitativa undersökning. Empirisk studie: I empirin presenteras svaren på de djupintervjuer som utförts med våra fem fallföretag. Slutsats: Vår slutsats är att QR-koder bör användas på tydligt, informativt och lockande sätt utefter en tydlig strategi, och att de gå kan gynna ett företag ur ett marknadsföringssyfte genom att de vid ett kvalitativt användande kan nå och engagera fler konsumenter och därigenom öka sin omsättning och varumärkeskännedom. Används QR-koder däremot på fel sätt kan varumärket ta skada istället för att gynnas. / Title: The QR code – a new marketing tool with potential Author: Eric Karlsson and Oskar Kristiansson Supervisor: Klaus Solberg Søilen Level: Bachelor thesis, Marketing (15 credits), Spring semester 2012 Keywords: QR codes, marketing tools, interaction, incentives, strategy, Quick Response Codes, marketing, print media, smartphones, advertising, ROI Problem: How should companies use QR codes in their marketing activities? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to, based on the theoretical framework and a qualitative study of five Swedish companies, identify how QR codes should be used in marketing activities. Furthermore, we strive to identify the advantages and disadvantages of QR codes to see what implications a successful as well as an unsuccessful use have for businesses. Theoretical framework: Here we present different theories for understanding the concepts that underlie and help to define the phenomenon QR codes and the use of them in marketing. The theoretical framework also help us to analyze our empirical data. Method: We have chosen a deductive approach to our thesis where we have studied previous research and information to be able to decide how to formulate the questions to the companies that we want to interview in our qualitative study. Empirical study: The empirical data is presented from interviews conducted with our five case companies. Conclusion: Our conclusion is that QR codes should be used in clear, informative and attractive way based on a clear strategy, and that they can favor companies from a marketing perspective, since a qualitative usage could reach and engage more consumers, and thus increase their sales and the brand awareness. However, the brand can be damaged instead of improved if QR codes are used in the wrong way.

During the years 2000-2002, the Republic of Argentina experienced one of the most, if not the most, devastating social/political/economic crisis ever seen. President Fernando de la Rua, elected in 1999, was forced to resign on December 20th, 2001, after several months of protests, public demonstrations, and a colossal economic recession. During the crisis, the media played a vital role, they told people not only what issues to think about but also what to think about them. This study analyzed the newspapers role during the crisis using the Agenda-Setting Theory as the research foundation.

媒體危機事件扮演之角色: 以台灣印刷媒體在SARS危機為例 / This study aims to explore the interaction between the media and the government during Taiwan’s SARS crisis of 2003 and observe the media’s attitude toward the government’s efforts to contain the epidemic. This paper is particularly interested understanding whether the media presented the government in a way that enabled or inhibited the government’s efforts to manage the crisis. Qualitative content analysis is used to operationalize print media’s “framing” of events. Articles are collected from two print media outlets, China Post and Taipei Times.

Introduction: Visibility within advertising can generate acceptance and normalization in society, hence it is a powerful media that is of utmost importance for the homosexual group. Portrayals in advertising equal an admission as citizens, which homosexual women are currently neglected as media circumscribe male homosexuality as norm. Knowledge of how homosexual women identifies with portrayals in advertising is currently sparse. Aim: The overall aim of this study is to satiate the gap of knowledge of portrayals of homosexual women in advertising and how the dual identity of gender and sexuality influence the interpretation of advertisements targeting homosexual women. Method: A combination of quantitative and qualitative methodology. The sample includes self-identified homosexual women recruited consecutively during a two-month period. In total 113 homosexual women participated in the study. To provide a realistic interpretation, actual print advertisements portraying female homosexuals were used as stimuli within the contexts of mainstream media and gay media. Results: The female homosexual group appears to be heterogeneous since the perception of the individual sexual identity and lifestyle was not aligned but rather dispersed. However, the participants’ perception of the sexual identity and lifestyle of the female homosexual group is that is a homogenous group. Conclusion: Within the female homosexual group a stigmatization exist regarding gender behaviour that does not correspond with the recurrent portrayal in advertising of homosexual women as a homogenous group.

The news media serve as the Canadian public’s main source of information about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This thesis examines the ways in which the Canadian media portray the conflict, through a lens of Habermas’ (1962) public sphere theory, Foucault’s (1926 – 1984) ideas on discourse, and Rawls’ (1921 – 2002) conceptions of equality and justice. Building on these theories, Noelle-Neumann’s Spiral of Silence theory (1974), Said’s Orientalism (1978), and d’Arcy’s (1913 – 1983) conception of the right to communicate are examined to arrive at a framework for analyzing Canadian news. Looking at ideological representations, power manifestations, issue framing, and social responsibility within the media, this thesis explores whether the Canadian media portray the conflict in such a way that fosters a downward spiral of opinions within the Canadian public. A Critical Discourse Analysis of coverage in two national English Canadian newspapers, The Globe and Mail and the National Post, during three separate timeframes of increased violence in Israel and Palestine between 2000 and 2009 reveals that newspaper representations of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict are often entrenched in predefined ways of portraying the Other, fostering an Israeli-Palestinian spiral of silence in Canadian media.

The social work response to homelessness emerges from particular historical, sociopolitical and economic contexts. It is influenced by public perceptions of service provision as represented in the print media and by political and policy processes. This research study examines dominant representations of homelessness and social work in the print media, social policy and social work practice. The focus of the thesis is how discourses from the Australian print media, social policy and social work practice co-exist in constructing homelessness as a particular social problem and influence social workers and social work responses to homelessness. Two research studies provide the empirical basis for this thesis. A mixed method approach is used. Firstly, a quantitative content analysis of newspaper articles in three Australian capital cities examines public discourses relevant to the constructions of homelessness, 'homeless people' and service provision. Secondly, a qualitative discourse analysis of interviews with social workers employed in the field of homelessness in inner city Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney explores how social workers make meaning of their identity and responses to homelessness in contemporary practice settings. The social work study highlights the varied and complex contributions of social workers to Australian policy and practice responses to homelessness, which is a new and important contribution to the existing body of research. The theoretical influences on this thesis are social constructionist, feminist, critical and post-modern social work perspectives. These varied approaches enable an analysis of power that incorporates contradictions, complexities and social work resistances (Pease and Fook, 1999). / PhD Doctorate

My diploma thesis deals with the relation of youth to various kinds of media in their free time. First it describes media, their function, possible impact on personality, media literacy. It deals with division of media, more concerned with the mass media, electronic and print. It also characterizes free time and the period of youth aged 15 30 years. The study of literature led to questions for quantitative research, young people and library staff were interviewed. Selected youth use electronic media more in their free time, but often they are not satisfied with it, they would prefer to read more books.