Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-06T12:23:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCISCO MONTEIRO DE SALES JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO (PROFIAP-CCJS) 2016.pdf: 6251479 bytes, checksum: db960cd3352a95073c51232d424a7368 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-06T12:23:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCISCO MONTEIRO DE SALES JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO (PROFIAP-CCJS) 2016.pdf: 6251479 bytes, checksum: db960cd3352a95073c51232d424a7368 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-21 / A qualidade de serviço está inerentemente relacionada à capacidade das ações, atitudes e comportamentos de um fornecedor em resolver problemas ou ofertar benefícios a um cliente, suprindo as suas necessidades e proporcionando satisfação. A mensuração deste atendimento não é trivial, pois permeia as expectativas individuais que são formadas por bases essencialmente intangíveis e subjetivas. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade do serviço terceirizado de impressão do Campus Natal Central do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte a partir da percepção de seus usuários internos. A investigação exploratória e descritiva se caracterizou como um estudo de caso com um enfoque prático e aplicado, uma abordagem centrada nas pessoas, e adotou métodos mistos na coleta de dados, notadamente, entrevistas em profundidade, observações de campo e aplicação de questionário semiestruturado adaptado a partir da literatura. Esta estratégia proporcionou a superação das limitações de um viés unicamente qualitativo ou quantitativo, e garantiu maior robustez na análise. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos às técnicas da estatística descritiva e da Análise Fatorial, sendo identificadas quatro dimensões latentes e consolidadas enquanto variáveis relevantes que melhor explicam a qualidade do serviço no modelo de ilhas de impressão, a saber: Empatia no Atendimento Colaborativo (24,37%); Confiabilidade no Funcionamento do Sistema (23,67%); Presteza na Resolução de Problemas (16,42%); e Segurança de Uso e Capacitação de Usuários (6,56%). A triangulação destes fatores críticos de sucesso com os demais dados qualitativos coletados propiciou uma compreensão mais aprofundada dos aspectos positivos e negativos do serviço, resultando em um diagnóstico que apontou para o êxito na adoção da solução terceirizada, e com ampla satisfação dos usuários. Por outro lado, foram apresentadas 19 (dezenove) proposições sugestivas para fins de correção dos entraves identificados, como a maior divulgação da política de impressão no Campus e a implantação de capacitação operacional continuada, contributos que implicam na melhoria do serviço ofertado. Enquanto limitação, a investigação não ponderou a visão das equipes de suporte técnico da empresa terceirizada e do Campus na conjuntura de avaliação da qualidade do serviço. / Service quality is inherently related to the ability of the actions, attitudes and behaviors from supplier to solve problems or to offer benefits to customer in order to meet their needs and provide satisfaction. Assessing this service is not trivial as it permeates individual expectations, which are essentially intangible and subjective. The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of the outsourced printing service at Central Natal Campus of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte, from the perception of its internal users. Exploratory and descriptive research was characterized as a practical and applied case study focused on a people-centered approach and has adopted mixed methods in data collection, such as in-depth interviews, field observation and a semiprocessed questionnaire application adapted from the literature, always focused on a peoplecentered approach. This strategy has overcome the limitations of a qualitative or quantitative bias and has ensured greater robustness in the analysis. Quantitative data were submitted to the descriptive statistical technique and the Factorial Analysis, being identified four latent and consolidated dimensions as relevant variables that best explain service quality in the print islands model, namely: collaborative attendance empathy (24.37%); reliability in the system operation (23.67%); promptness at solving problems (16.42%) and use security and user training (6.56%). The triangulation of these success critical factors with other qualitative data collected provided a deeper understanding of both positive and negative aspects of the service. The final diagnosis points to the success in adopting the outsourced solution, with great users’ satisfaction. On the other hand, 19 (nineteen) proposals were presented for the purpose of correcting existing obstacles, such as a better dissemination of the printing policy in the Campus and the implementation of continuous operational training, contributing to improve the service offered. As a limitation, the investigation did not take into consideration the opinion of the technical support teams both from the outsourced company and the Campus.

Biofilms are microbial communities developing at the interface between two phases, usually solidliquid, where the micro-organisms are nested in a self-secreted polymer matrix. The biofilm mode of growth is predominant in nature (for e.g. the slimy matter forming on rocks at river bottoms, the viscous deposit in water pipes or even dental plaque) and confers a suitable environment for the development of the micro-organisms. This is particularly the case for porous media which provide favourable substrates given their significant surface to volume ratio. The multi-physical framework of biofilms in porous media is highly complex where the mechanical, chemical and biological aspects interacting at different scales are poorly understood and very partially controlled. An example is the feedback mechanism between flow, spatial distribution of the micro-organisms and the transport of nutrient (by diffusion and advection). Biofilms developing in porous media are a key process of many engineering applications, for example biofilters, soil bio-remediation, CO2 storage and medical issues like infections. Progress in this domain is substantially hindered by the limitations of experimental techniques in metrology and imaging in opaques structures. The main objective of this thesis is to propose robust and reproducible experimental methodologies for the investigation of biofilms in porous media. An experimental workbench under controlled physical and biological conditions is proposed along with a validated 3D imaging protocol based on X-ray micro-tomography (XR MT) using a novel contrast agent (barium sulfate and agarose gel) to quantify the spatial distribution of the biofilm. At first, the XR MT-based methodology is compared to a commonly used techniques for biofilm observation: one or multiple photon excitation fluorescence microscopy, here two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM). This comparison is performed on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa biofilms grown in transparent glass capillaries which allows for the use of both imaging modalities. Then, the study of uncertainty associated to different metrics namely volume, 3D surface area and thickness, is achieved via an imaging phantom and three different segmentation algorithms. The quantitative analysis show that the protocol enables a visualisation of the biofilm with an uncertainty of approximately 17% which is comparable to TPLSM (14%). The reproducibility and robustness of the XR MT-based methodology is demonstrated. The last step of this work is the achievement of a novel bioreactor elaborated by additive manufacturing and controlled by a high-performance micro-fluidic system. The experimental workbench that we have designed enables to monitor in real-time the evolution of transport properties (effective permeability), O2 concentrations and biofilm detachment by spectrophotometry, all under controlled hydrodynamical conditions. Our methodology allows to investigate the influence of biophysical parameters on the colonisation of the porous medium, for example, the influence of flow rate or nutrient concentration on the temporal development of the biofilm. In conclusion, the thesis work proposes a robust and reproducible experimental methodology for the controlled growth and 3D imaging of biofilms in porous media; while providing versatility in the control of the substrate’s micro-architecture as well as on the flow and biochemical culture conditions. To our knowledge, the scientific approach followed, along with the experimental apparatus, form the most complete methodology, at this time, for the study of biofilms in porous media.

By way of an analysis of the lino-cuts executed by Muafangejo, firstly elements and influences that are evident in terms associated with his works, will be traced, for example 'primitive' and 'traditional' elements. Secondly, the characteristics that are particular to this artist's work will be defined. It is believed that by using this avenue of approach, a clearer understanding of the artist's traditional world and possibly the stylistic placement of the artist can be attained. However, to rely only on historical and cultural influences to give a perspective of his work, will not be sufficient. It will only highlight a portion of the evidence needed to fully understand his work. (From the introduction).

In this work differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier-Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy [FT-IR] and polarized light microscopy will be employed to characterize polymeric systems. The first chapter broadly covers polymer synthesis and important characterization methods. In the second chapter, a polyamide (PA12) will be sintered via a novel additive manufacturing (AM) technology developed here at USF termed LAPS (Large Area Projection Sintering). LAPS uses extended sintering timespans to ensure complete melting and densification of the polymer powder over the entire two-dimensional area of the part’s footprint. Further, it allows for the printed layer to crystallize and shrink in its entirety as the temperature falls below the crystallization temperature prior to the next layer being added. The printed parts (termed coupons) will be assayed by DSC and polarized light microscopy to determine sintering efficacy. Additionally, the parts will be compared to coupons printed with conventional methods to show that the USF AM technology shows superior elongation at break (EaB), with comparable ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and Young’s Modulus to laser sintered coupons. This is notable as conventional AM methods produce parts which usually compromise between EaB and modulus. The EaB of LAPS-printed parts is comparable to injection molding (IM) grade PA12, which is remarkable as IM grade PA12 powder normally has higher molecular weight and limited crystallinity. The reduced crystallinity of IM grade PA12 parts is thought to be due to the high shear rates during injection and fast cooling rates post-fabrication. Further, the USF LAPS parts show minimal or no detectable porosity. Porosity is an artifact of the sintering process which conventional techniques like laser sintering (LS) have little ability to mitigate, as higher energy wattages simply burn and degrade the polymer surface with insufficient time available for heat transfer and bulk melt flow. Porosity is documented as one of the leading causes of part failure and decreased mechanical properties in the literature, and as such the USF AM technology is in the process of being patented as of March, 2018. Chapters three through six will explore a phenomenon first noticed by clinicians at the James A. Haley Veterans Hospital. They observed that starch-thickened drinks for patients suffering from dysphagia became dangerously thinned down upon addition of the osmotic drug polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350, marketed as Miralax®. Starch-based hydrocolloids are common thickeners used for patients with dysphagia, and so any incompatibility with such a ubiquitous drug as PEG 3350 poses an immediate danger. Patients with the disorder can suffer increased rates of aspiration-related pneumonia, incurring up to nearly a 60% fatality rate within a year. Chances for aspiration greatly increase for food items which are too inviscid to safely swallow. Rheology and FT-IR spectroscopy will be used to show that the breakdown of the starch network in aqueous solution is dependent upon the molecular weight of PEG. As the molecular weight of PEG is reduced to that of a small molecule (~300MW) from its large drug form (3350MW), the structure stabilizes and can resist shearing forces in a steady shear rheological experiment. Spectroscopy will show that PEG molecular weight also influences syneresis and the crystallinity of the starch hydrocolloid solutions. It is postulated that the molecular weight of PEG influences its miscibility in starch solutions, and its ability to interrupt the hydrogen bonding and entanglements which maintain the elastic framework which allow starch thickeners to impart viscosity and resist shearing forces. When this framework collapses, absorbed water is expelled as evidenced as a biphasic separation where water collects on top of the starch suspension. This was the phenomenon observed by the clinicians at the Veterans’ Hospital.

Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans le contexte de la fonctionnalisation de matériaux cellulosiques dans le domaine de l'électronique imprimée. Une première approche a mis en évidence la possibilité d'imprimer des formulations aqueuses à base de nanoparticules de polymères semi-conducteurs photoluminescents. L'influence de la taille des nanoparticules, ainsi que leur composition (ajout d'un polymère dérive de la cellulose) sur la couleur de l'émission a été mise en évidence. Les applications potentielles peuvent être l'élaboration de papiers sécurisés. Une seconde approche s'est portée sur l'utilisation de microfibrilles de cellulose et de microparticules de cuivre afin d'élaborer des films composites conducteurs autoportants grâce aux excellentes propriétés mécaniques des microfibrilles. L'influence d'un calandrage (pression et température de calandrage) des films sur la conductivité électrique a en particulier été étudiée. / The context of this project is the cellulosic material functionalization in the printed electronic domain. The first part highlighted the ability to print photoluminescent formulations. The aqueous dispersion was composed of semiconducting polymer nanoparticles. The influence of the size and the composition of the particles on the emission colour was studied. Security paper is one of the main potential application of these particles. The second part dealed with the use of cellulose microfibrills and copper microparticles for the elaboration of conductive composite films. The films were self-supporting thanks to the high mechanical properties of the microfibrills. A calendering study was carried out on the electric conductivity of the films based on the influence of the pressure and the temperature of calendering.

The thesis is focused on linguistics, graphic and ideographic means associated with the process of tabloidization of current newspapers. The basic method for acquiring linguistic data was the analysis of headlines and articles of the tabloid Aha! and the reputable Právo daily. The pivotal part of the work lies in a description and assessment of linguistics and visual means in both journals. The aim is to identify the different (or. common) procedures when working with these funds in tabloid and reputable newspapers. The work is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part explains the differences between tabloid and reputable text. I also briefly summarizes history of the tabloid press. The last chapter describes characteristics of selected journals. The practical part deals with analysis of reporters´ and journalistic texts. Great attention is paid to the lexical resources such as evaluating adjectives, expressive words, neologisms, colloquial language means, metaphors, idioms, allusions and puns. The final section highlights the tabloidization of Právo daily, which is reflected in the structure of the newspaper, the choice of topics and their treatment.

O estudo busca esclarecer pontos essenciais sobre o emprego da termocromia em têxteis por meio de sua aplicação em estampas em camisetas, respondendo questões sobre o poder expressivo destas e do uso da termocromia como recurso de qualificação em projetos de Design de Superfície. A pesquisa traz dados históricos da camiseta como objeto de design e moda. Nesse contexto verificou-se a relevância dos esclarecimentos técnicos sobre o funcionamento da tinta termocrômica, assim como apresenta-se no estudo uma gama de produtos que se utilizaram da aplicação desta técnica, além de estudos acadêmicos considerados inovadores nessa área de conhecimento. O objetivo principal do estudo é explorar novos conhecimentos sobre os sistemas e técnicas em relação à aplicabilidade da termocromia em estampas de camisetas, bem como mostrar as capacidades subjetivas de comunicação/expressão e de interatividade em produtos com essa tecnologia, que podem servir como auxílio para os designers em projetos inovadores. Neste sentido, foram propostos estudos experimentais de aplicação de estampas com tinta termocrômica em camisetas, que deram o sentido fundamental a esta dissertação, acrescentando conhecimento e abrindo espaço para novas pesquisas no âmbito interdisciplinar. Neste estudo de caso exploratório, foi possível concluir, que os métodos mostrados aqui são fatores importantes de inovação para o setor têxtil e de moda e que os testes produzidos provaram a necessidade de rigor técnico contido nas especificações técnicas do fornecedor. / This study aims to clarify some fundamental questions related to textile thermochromism in the application of t-shirt printing, namely the expressive power of prints and the use of thermochromism as a resource in surface design. The investigation brings historical data regarding the t-shirt as an object of design and fashion. In this context, the importance of technical clarification related to the performance of thermochromic ink is verified and a range of products utilized in this technique are presented. A number of innovative academic studies in this area are also presented. The main objectives of this study are to investigate new knowledge about the applicability of systems and techniques utilized in thermochromic t-shirt graphics and to demonstrate the subjective capacity of expression and interaction of products that utilize this technology, which can serve as an aid to designers in innovative projects. From this perspective, experimental tests in the application of thermochromic t-shirt printing were proposed, providing significance to this thesis, enhancing the knowledge in this field and promoting further interdisciplinary research. In this exploratory case study it was possible to conclude that the methods shown here represent important innovations in the textile and fashion sectors and that the tests demonstrated the necessity of technical rigor regarding manufacturers’ technical specifications.

A indústria de pedras preciosas de Soledade/RS e região gera em seus processos de beneficiamento grande quantidade de rejeitos gemológicos, que acabam sendo depositados nos pátios das empresas, podendo causar danos ao meio ambiente. A gema de maior volume de beneficiamento na região é a ágata. Este trabalho propõe uma técnica para efetuar a reutilização de rejeitos oriundos do beneficiamento da ágata e transformá-los em matériaprima para a fabricação de objetos via impressão tridimensional a jato de tinta (3DP). Através da utilização de metodologia adequada para moagem e classificação dos rejeitos, foi possível obter pó com granulometria adequada ao processo. Foram efetuadas duas formulações de matéria-prima, utilizando o método de aglutinação orgânico, com material de ligação misturado ao pó e líquido de deposição reologicamente simples. Foram efetuados testes de bancada para interação entre o pó e o aglutinante, testes em equipamento de prototipagem rápida e confecção de corpos de prova, que mais tarde foram submetidos a medição e ensaios de resistência mecânica à flexão a 4 pontos. Das análises efetuadas, a primeira formulação não foi considerada satisfatória, pois teve grandes deformações durante a construção e manipulação e pós-tratamento. Já a segunda formulação alcançou a mesma resistência mecânica do material disponibilizado pelo fabricante, com coerência nas formas geométricas e desvios dimensionais reduzidos. Com a utilização desta nova matéria-prima, estima-se que o custo final de fabricação das peças seja reduzido em até 70%, viabilizando a utilização do processo por empresas de micro e pequeno porte. / The gem processing industries of Soledade/RS and region generate a large amount of waste which is eventually deposited in the companies’ grounds and may damage the environment. The gem with largest volume of processing in the region is the agate. This work is a review of the reuse of wastes of agate as raw materials for inkjet three-dimensional printing (3DP). Through the use of appropriate methodology for grinding and classification of waste it was possible to obtain powder with a particle size indicated to the process. Two formulations of raw material were made, using the organic binding method with the binder material mixed into the powder and using the deposition simple rheological liquid. Bench tests were performed for powder binder interaction, and equipment was used for produce of test specimens which were later subjected to measurement and testing of mechanical strength. Based on the analysis the first formulation was not considered acceptable as it had large deformations during construction, manipulation and post-treatment. The second formulation reached the same mechanical strength of the manufacturer material with consistency in geometric shapes and dimensional deviation. Using this new raw material the estimated final cost of parts manufacturing is reduced by 70% making the use of the process available to micro and small businesses.

As cirurgias de reconstrução parcial ou total de orelha são um desafio na medicina, exigindo técnicas complexas e qualificadas, sendo as mais utilizadas àquelas que fazem uso de material autógeno (cartilagem da costela do próprio paciente). Trata-se de um processo artesanal em que o cirurgião deve esculpir manualmente a cartilagem para formar o modelo tridimensional da orelha, denominado framework, dessa forma, o resultado final depende, principalmente, da habilidade do cirurgião plástico. Tendo isso em vista, busca-se, neste trabalho, empregar as tecnologias computacionais utilizadas no Design Virtual para auxiliar o planejamento cirúrgico, utilizando digitalização tridimensional e fabricação digital para aprimorar o resultado da técnica de reconstrução auricular. A metodologia proposta sugere a digitalização tridimensional do paciente e, a partir disso, são projetados templates cirúrgicos para auxiliar a modelagem e o posicionamento do framework. A aplicação cirúrgica valida alguns pontos e possibilita o estudo de melhorias em determinados templates, utilizados então em outras duas reconstruções, obtendo-se resultados positivos. Assim, o uso do Design Virtual mostra-se confiável e útil na cirurgia de reconstrução auricular, levando à melhoria no planejamento e, assim, diminuição do tempo cirúrgico, sem riscos ou complicações ao paciente e com melhores resultados anatômicos. / The partial or total reconstruction of ear is a challenge in plastic surgery, requiring complex and skilled techniques. The most successful reconstructions use autogenous material (cartilage from the patient's own rib). It is a handmade process in which the surgeon must manually sculpt the cartilages to form the three-dimensional model of the ear, usually called as framework. Considering this, the final result depends mainly on the plastic surgeon's skill. In this scenario, the aim of this research is employ computer technologies used in Virtual Design to aid surgical planning, using three-dimensional scanning and digital manufacturing to improve the result of ear reconstruction technique. The proposed methodology suggests surgical templates, based on 3D patient scan, designed to assist the modeling and positioning of the framework. The surgical application validates some points and allows the study of improvements in certain templates, then used in other two surgeries, with positive results. Thus, the use of Virtual Design proves to be reliable and useful in ear reconstruction surgery, leading to improved planning and decreasing surgical time, without any risks or complications for the patient and with better anatomical results.

Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo os processos de transferência de imagens para substratos têxteis destinados à confecção de roupas de moda e vestuário sob enfoque ambiental. Hoje a moda é uma poderosa indutora de consumo, sendo a estampa um de seus mais importantes recursos. A etapa de beneficiamento têxtil – chamada de estamparia – consome grandes volumes de recursos naturais e de produtos químicos nocivos ao meio ambiente e à saúde do prestador de serviço. Nesse cenário, analisam-se os impactos ambientais através das principais entradas de matéria-prima – água, produto químico e energia – e saídas – resíduos e efluentes – provenientes dos processos de estamparia mais usados atualmente na indústria têxtil brasileira: serigrafia, impressão digital por sublimação e impressão digital a jato de tinta, nos formatos localizado e corrido. O estudo visa obter um indicativo ambiental dos processos de transferência de desenho para superfície têxtil de produtos de moda. Os resultados auxiliam designers e empresários na escolha de métodos de impressão sobre tecidos para produzirem artigos de moda alinhados aos conceitos do desenvolvimento sustentável. Para tanto, realizou-se pesquisa de natureza qualitativa aplicada, com métodos de caráter exploratório, pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e eletrônica, e por observação in loco, através de visitas técnicas às empresas. Como instrumento de sistematização dos dados coletados desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta baseada em aspectos selecionados da normativa de padronização ISO 14040 − International Organization for Standardization − e da ferramenta Sustainability Design Orienting Toolkit – SDO −, de Vezzoli (2010), que orienta o processo de design para soluções sustentáveis. Como resultado, expõem-se os métodos de impressão menos impactantes na saúde do trabalhador e no meio ambiente, evidenciando que certas etapas de processos de estamparia têxtil, pensadas sob o viés ecológico, fazem parte da realidade de empresas de médio e grande porte, embora se encontrem distantes da realidade das micro e pequenas empresas. A inserção de ações de sustentabilidade nas etapas dos processos de estamparia tem potencial a ser explorado, além de ser de grande valia na busca pelo consumo de roupas de moda de cunho ético. / This dissertation focus on the processes of image transference to textile substrates destined to fashion clothing production under environmental focus. Nowadays fashion is a powerful inducing consumption and patterns are one of its most important resources. The textile-processing step – called stamping – consume large amounts of natural resources and chemicals harmful to the environment and health of the service provider. In this scenario, the environmental impacts are analyzed through the main entrances of raw material – water, chemical and energy – and outputs – waste and effluents – from the most usual printing processes currently in the Brazilian textile industry: silkscreen, dye-sublimation printing and digital ink jet printing, located in and run formats. The study aims to obtain an environmental indicative of the design transfer processes for textile surface fashion products. The results help designers and entrepreneurs to choose tissue-printing methods to produce fashion items aligned with the concepts of sustainable development. Thus, there was qualitative applied research, with exploratory methods, bibliographical, documentary and electronic research and on-site observation, through technical visits to companies. As the collected data systematization instrument it was developed a tool based on selected aspects of the standardization of rules ISO 14040 – International Organization for Standardization – and the Design and Sustainability Orienting Toolkit – SDO – of Vezzoli (2010) that guides the design process for sustainable solutions. As results, printing methods with less impact on the workers health and the environment are shown, demonstrating that certain stages of textile printing process analyzed from an ecological bias are reality of medium and large companies, but far from the reality of micro and small businesses. The inclusion of sustainable initiatives in the stages of printing processes has potential to be explored, as well as being of great value for ethical fashion consumption.