L’organisation des connaissances est une discipline investie par des bibliothécaires, documentalistes, archivistes spécialistes de l’information, informaticiens et tous professionnels de documents. Elle englobe toutes activités, études et recherches qui élaborent et traitent les processus d’organisation et de présentation des ressources documentaires utiles dans une organisation. Dans ce contexte, le projet ANR Miipa-Doc a pour objectifs d’explorer des nouvelles méthodes d’indexation ascendantes, en utilisant des termes descripteurs formulés par les individus plutôt que choisis parmi une liste préétablie, pour l’organisation des contenus documentaires complexes au sein des entreprises de large taille, et concevoir l’architecture logicielle correspondante.Dans ce projet notre contribution consiste à gérer l’hétérogénéité d’un système d’information d’organisation des contenus documentaires, basé sur une approche orientée métier et un SOC (système d’organisation des connaissances) folksonomique à facette. Nous proposons dans cette gestion une approche incrémentale dirigée par les modèles, issue de l’IDM (ingénierie dirigée par les modèles), basée sur des méta-modèles pour garantir l’aspect d’évolutivité. Après l’implémentation du prototype HyperTaging qui met en place ces deux approches, nous proposons un processus d’évaluation permet de positionner ce prototype et tous SI de classification documentaire dans l’environnement des ECM, en se basant sur des critères d’évaluation fins et particuliers. / The knowledge organization is invested by librarians, archivists, information specialists, IT professionals and all discipline of document. It includes all activities, studies and research which develop and treat organization process and presentation of relevant information resources in an organization. In this context the Miipa-Doc project aims to explore new ascendants indexing methods, using descriptors made by individuals rather than selected given list for complex contained in the organization document, in large size companies, and design the corresponding software architecture.Our contribution in this project is to manage the heterogeneity of an information system of document organization, based on a business-oriented approach and a KOS (knowledge organization system) of folksonomy facet. We propose an incremental approach this management model driven, outcome of MDE (Model Driven Engineering), based on meta-models to ensure scalability appearance. After implementing the HyperTaging prototype, that implements both approaches, we propose an evaluation process used to position the prototype and all IS of documentary classification in the environment of ECM based on purposes of delicate and particular evaluation criteria.

L’organisation des connaissances est une discipline investie par des bibliothécaires, documentalistes, archivistes spécialistes de l’information, informaticiens et tous professionnels de documents. Elle englobe toutes activités, études et recherches qui élaborent et traitent les processus d’organisation et de présentation des ressources documentaires utiles dans une organisation. Dans ce contexte, le projet ANR Miipa-Doc a pour objectifs d’explorer des nouvelles méthodes d’indexation ascendantes, en utilisant des termes descripteurs formulés par les individus plutôt que choisis parmi une liste préétablie, pour l’organisation des contenus documentaires complexes au sein des entreprises de large taille, et concevoir l’architecture logicielle correspondante.Dans ce projet notre contribution consiste à gérer l’hétérogénéité d’un système d’information d’organisation des contenus documentaires, basé sur une approche orientée métier et un SOC (système d’organisation des connaissances) folksonomique à facette. Nous proposons dans cette gestion une approche incrémentale dirigée par les modèles, issue de l’IDM (ingénierie dirigée par les modèles), basée sur des méta-modèles pour garantir l’aspect d’évolutivité. Après l’implémentation du prototype HyperTaging qui met en place ces deux approches, nous proposons un processus d’évaluation permet de positionner ce prototype et tous SI de classification documentaire dans l’environnement des ECM, en se basant sur des critères d’évaluation fins et particuliers. / The knowledge organization is invested by librarians, archivists, information specialists, IT professionals and all discipline of document. It includes all activities, studies and research which develop and treat organization process and presentation of relevant information resources in an organization. In this context the Miipa-Doc project aims to explore new ascendants indexing methods, using descriptors made by individuals rather than selected given list for complex contained in the organization document, in large size companies, and design the corresponding software architecture.Our contribution in this project is to manage the heterogeneity of an information system of document organization, based on a business-oriented approach and a KOS (knowledge organization system) of folksonomy facet. We propose an incremental approach this management model driven, outcome of MDE (Model Driven Engineering), based on meta-models to ensure scalability appearance. After implementing the HyperTaging prototype, that implements both approaches, we propose an evaluation process used to position the prototype and all IS of documentary classification in the environment of ECM based on purposes of delicate and particular evaluation criteria.

Maitriser le triptyque coût-qualité-délai lors des différentes phases du Processus de Développement d’un Produit (PDP) dans un environnement de plus en plus concurrentiel est un enjeu majeur pour l’industrie. Le développement de nouvelles méthodes et de nouveaux outils pour adapter une représentation du produit à une activité du PDP est l’une des nombreuses pistes d’amélioration du processus et certainement l’une des plus prometteuses. Cela est particulièrement vrai dans le domaine du transfert de modèles de Conception Assistée par Ordinateur (CAO) vers des activités de simulations numériques. Actuellement, les méthodes et outils de préparation d’un modèle CAO original vers un modèle dédié à une activité existent. Cependant, ces processus de préparation sont des tâches complexes qui reposent souvent sur les connaissances des experts et sont peu formalisés, en particulier lorsque l’on considère des maquettes numériques riches comprenant plusieurs centaines de milliers de pièces. Pouvoir estimer a priori l’impact de la préparation de la maquette numérique sur le résultat de la simulation permettrait d’identifier dès le début le meilleur processus et assurerait une meilleure maitrise des processus et des coûts de préparation. Cette thèse a pour objectif de relever ce défi en utilisant des techniques d’intelligence artificielles capables d'imiter et de prévoir un comportement à partir d'exemples judicieusement choisis. L’idée principale est d’utiliser des exemples de préparation de maquettes numériques comme entrées d’algorithmes d’apprentissage pour configurer des estimateurs de la performance d’un processus. Lorsqu’un nouveau cas se présente, ces estimateurs pourront alors prédire a priori l’impact de la préparation sur le résultat de l’analyse sans avoir à la réaliser. Afin d'atteindre cet objectif, une méthode a été développée pour construire une base d’exemples représentatifs, identifier les variables d’entrée et de sortie déterminantes et configurer des modèles d’apprentissage. La performance d’un processus de préparation sera évaluée à l’aide de critères tels que des coûts de préparation, des coûts de simulation et des erreurs sur le résultat de l’analyse dues à la simplification des modèles CAO. Ces critères seront les données de sortie des algorithmes d’apprentissage. Le premier challenge de l’approche proposée est d’extraire les données des modèles 3D complétées par des données relatives au cas de simulation qui caractérisent au mieux un processus de préparation , puis d’identifier les variables explicatives les plus déterminantes. Un autre challenge est de configurer des modèles d’apprentissage capables d’évaluer avec une bonne précision la qualité d’un processus malgré un nombre limité d’exemples de processus de préparation et de données disponibles (seules les données relatives aux modèles CAO originaux, aux cas de simulation sont connues pour un nouveau cas). Au final, l’estimateur de la performance d’un processus aidera les analystes dans le choix d'opérations de préparation de modèles CAO. Cela ne les dispensera pas de la simulation mais permettra d'obtenir plus rapidement un modèle préparé de meilleure qualité. Les techniques d’intelligence artificielles utilisées seront des classifieurs de type réseaux de neurones ou arbres de décision. L’approche proposée sera appliquée à la préparation de modèles CAO riches pour l’analyse CFD. / Controlling the well-known triptych costs, quality and time during the different phases of the Product Development Process (PDP) is an everlasting challenge for the industry. Among the numerous issues that are to be addressed, the development of new methods and tools to adapt to the various needs the models used all along the PDP is certainly one of the most challenging and promising improvement area. This is particularly true for the adaptation of CAD (Computer-Aided Design) models to CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering) applications. Today, even if methods and tools exist, such a preparation phase still requires a deep knowledge and a huge amount of time when considering Digital Mock-Up (DMU) composed of several hundreds of thousands of parts. Thus, being able to estimate a priori the impact of DMU preparation process on the simulation results would help identifying the best process right from the beginning, and this will ensure a better control of processes and preparation costs. This thesis addresses such a difficult problem and uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to learn and accurately predict behaviors from carefully selected examples. The main idea is to identify rules from these examples used as inputs of learning algorithms. Once those rules obtained, they can be used as estimators to be applied a priori on new cases for which the impact of a preparation process can be estimated without having to perform it. To reach this objective, a method to build a representative database of examples has been developed, the right input and output variables have been identified, then the learning model and its associated control parameters have been tuned. The performance of a preparation process is assessed by criteria like preparation costs, analysis costs and the errors induced by the simplifications on the analysis results. The first challenge of the proposed approach is to extract and select most relevant input variables from the original and 3D prepared models, which are completed with data characterizing the preparation processes. Another challenge is to configure learning models able to assess with good accuracy the quality of a process, despite a limited number of examples of preparation processes and data available (the only data known to a new case are the data that characterize the original CAD models and simulation case). In the end, the estimator of the process’ performance will help analysts in the selection of CAD model preparation operations. This does not exempt the analysts to make the numerical simulation. However, this will get faster a simplified model of best quality. The rules linking the output variables to the input ones are obtained using AI techniques such as well-known neural networks and decision trees. The proposed approach is illustrated and validated on industrial examples in the context of CFD simulations.

Risk management in software projects involves the definition of actions to prevent risks identified for the project in order to minimize their effects or eliminate them.The definition of preventive actions, and especially to assess their efficacy in eliminating a risk is not a trivial task. The objective of this research is to identify and propose a method for evaluation of preventive actions to mitigate or eliminate risks in software projects. This assessment is based on supporting a quantitative analysis driven Decision Theory and modeled and simulated by means of colored Petri nets. The choice of theme reveals the importance of predicting the impact and efficacy of preventive measures in software projects, anticipating their possible outcomes and enhancing their uses. The development of this research resulted in three distinct stages of study, mutually complementary and performed in different periods: a) define an approach to model and simulate processes that were widely accepted by the scientific community, b) identify a theoretical basis that was able to establish a criterion to support the decision making process and therefore evaluate the impact of preventive risk in software development projects; c) evaluating the results of simulation based on the modeling of preventive risk using the previously established theoretical basis. The study is an exploratory, descriptive and analytical, combined with documentary analysis of literature sources, from documents and information from the literature. The proposed method consists of introducing a formal step in the evaluation process of preventive risk.The simulation with colored Petri nets, aided by the Theory of Decision by the Bayes Theorem, and has made the process more understandable, provided a more effective participation by experts involved, and allow formal mathematical representation coupled to mechanisms analysis to inspect risks adapted processes. / O gerenciamento de riscos em projetos de software envolve a definição de ações para prevenir riscos identificados para o projeto, visando minimizar seus efeitos ou eliminá-los. A definição de ações preventivas e, principalmente, a avaliação da eficácia destas na eliminação de um risco, não é uma tarefa trivial. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar e propor um método de avaliação de ações preventivas para mitigar ou eliminar riscos, em projetos de software. Esta avaliação tem como base de sustentação uma análise quantitativa orientada pela Teoria de Decisão e modelada e simulada por meio de redes de Petri coloridas. A opção pelo tema revela a importância de prever o impacto e a eficácia da utilização de ações preventivas em projetos de software, antecipando seus possíveis resultados e potencializando suas utilizações. A elaboração desta pesquisa implicou em três etapas de estudos distintas, complementares entre si e realizadas em períodos distintos: a) definir uma abordagem para modelar e simular processos que fosse amplamente aceito pela comunidade científica; b) identificar uma base teórica que fosse capaz de estabelecer um critério para apoiar o processo decisório e, consequentemente avaliar o impacto de ações preventivas de riscos em projetos de desenvolvimento de software; c) avaliar os resultados da simulação baseados na modelagem de ações preventivas de riscos utilizando a base teórica previamente estabelecida. O estudo realizado é de natureza exploratória, analítica e descritiva, combinado com análise documental em fontes bibliográficas, a partir de documentos e informações extraídas na literatura. O método proposto consiste da introdução de uma etapa formal ao processo de avaliação de ações preventivas de riscos. A simulação com redes de Petri coloridas, auxiliada pela Teoria de Decisão por meio do Teorema de Bayes, além de ter tornado os processos mais compreensíveis, proporcionou uma participação mais efetiva por parte de especialistas envolvidos, além de permitir uma representação matemática formal acoplada a mecanismos de análise para inspecionar riscos em processos adaptados.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-12-01T17:34:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Eurides Santos Pinho - 2015.pdf: 1983126 bytes, checksum: 484a5897cce2dd43b87b7b8891405725 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-12-02T11:51:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Eurides Santos Pinho - 2015.pdf: 1983126 bytes, checksum: 484a5897cce2dd43b87b7b8891405725 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-02T11:51:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Eurides Santos Pinho - 2015.pdf: 1983126 bytes, checksum: 484a5897cce2dd43b87b7b8891405725 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Comprehending the ongoing (re)building process of the substitutive psychosocial model to the nursing home care model for people suffering from mental disorders, it is worthwhile to know the healthcare dynamic of a substitutive service, in order to identify any issues within the team, which could interfere with the quality of care they provide. The aim of this study was to identify the working process of professionals at a Type III Psychosocial Care Center (PCC). This is an interventional study using a qualitative approach, that is based on the problem-based method, known as Arco de Maguerez. It consists of five stages: reality observation, key points, theorizing, problem-solving hypothesis, and application to reality. The development of the study was based on lightweight technology sources mediated by group technique. In the first stage, strong and weak points of the service were identified, followed by a discussion of issues related to the patient, family, teamwork, territory, and management. From this, the strengths and weaknesses of the staff and service were discussed. Following this, the participants emphasized the importance for discussion on the difficulty of integration and coordination of the Psychosocial Care Network. In the next step, problems regarding key points in question were expressed and this guided the active search in the literature for theorizing, which would guide in developing possible solution options. Therefore, permanent health education to perform the matricial and approaches to disclose the PCC territory were debated, and subsequently strategies were developed and applied to reality. Through the research process, the strengths of the team that would help them to overcome their shortcomings were identified. While some restraining forces that precluded this movement were also identified. In this context, the awareness-making process and the participants’ willingness to embrace change were evident throughout the study. This highlights the acceptance of the proposal of the interventional research that is based on the problematization of the service. It is evident that the spaces validity for the exchange of practices and knowledge, reflection-action-reflection, are imperative to the production of knowledge, which supports professionals for the qualification of care in mental health. / Entendendo o processo contínuo de (re)construção do modelo psicossocial substitutivo ao modelo de assistência asilar a pessoas com sofrimento ou transtornos mentais, considera-se fundamental conhecer a dinâmica assistencial de um serviço substitutivo, com vistas a delinear junto à equipe situações problemas que interferem na qualidade do cuidado que oferecem. A pesquisa teve o objetivo de conhecer os processos de trabalho dos profissionais de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial tipo III. Estudo do tipo de intervenção, de abordagem qualitativa, direcionada pela metodologia problematizadora do Arco de Maguerez, que compreende cinco etapas sucessivas: Observação da Realidade, Pontos-chave, Teorização, Hipóteses de Soluções e Aplicação à Realidade. Seu desenvolvimento foi norteado utilizando-se essencialmente recursos das tecnologias leves, mediadas por técnicas grupais. Na etapa inicial, foram elencados pontos frágeis e fortes do serviço, seguidos da discussão de questões relativas ao usuário, família, equipe, território e gestão. A partir desse momento discutiram-se os entraves e pontos propulsores da equipe e do serviço. Na sequência, os participantes elegeram como ponto prioritário de discussão a dificuldade de integração e articulação da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. A etapa seguinte privilegiou-se a problematização dos pontoschaves em questão, que orientaram a busca ativa na literatura para a teorização que orientaria as possíveis hipóteses de soluções. Assim, a educação permanente em saúde para realizar o matriciamento e formas de divulgação do CAPS no território foi debatida e, posteriormente, estratégias de ações foram aplicadas à realidade. No caminhar do processo de pesquisa, constataram-se forças propulsoras da equipe para o enfrentamento de suas dificuldades e também algumas forças restritivas que impediam este movimento. Neste contexto, os processos de tomada de consciência e de mudança dos participantes ficaram evidentes ao longo do estudo, salientandose a aceitação da proposta da pesquisa intervencionista, fundamentada na problematização do cotidiano do serviço. É perceptível a validez dos espaços de trocas de práticas e saberes, reflexão-ação-reflexão, para a produção de conhecimento que subsidiem os profissionais para a qualificação do cuidado em Saúde Mental.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:55:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Heric Hossoe.pdf: 4457657 bytes, checksum: d429a98eeb1399ec75a305b4f5107694 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-05 / This dissertation focuses the formulation and implementation of the Supplier Development Program of the State of Maranhão. It is worth noting that this program emerges the need of big business and the state to offer a response to local entrepreneurs and society in order to integrate them into the supply chains of large companies. However, to this end, we draw the path from the change in the economy, taking as starting point the private sector, which adopts the restructuring process as this new flagship model, the unbundling of the leading chains of large companies, mainly through outsourcing, thus generating a strategy of regional specialization. Given these changes, turns to examine the paradigm in relation to the State, which is undergoing deep changes, culminating with the so-called Minimum or Neoliberal State. It should be emphasized that the evaluation of the MA-developed PDF is dynamic and want to go from the general international economic relations, through the reflections of these relations in Brazil, reaching the more specific, the program exposed. Finally, the study of the PDF-MA aims to detail the dynamics of the program, building a framework of indicators and developing the theme of Sustainable Development. To undertake such research were two moments evaluative, first we make a political assessment of the policy, so you can figure out the nuances and how its implementation was determined politically, understanding how the program came into the government's agenda and what subjects interest and rationalities involved. In the second, reveals the dynamics of implementation of this policy through an evaluation process, ensuring that the means used are appropriate to the desired ends and if it was able to change the situation that gave rise to the problem program. Along the way, we used a qualitative and quantitative approach, having as research techniques, literature and documentary mode. Thus, we intend to unveil a new vision for the PDF-MA. / Esta dissertação tem como objeto a formulação e a implementação do Programa de Desenvolvimento de Fornecedores do Estado do Maranhão. Vale destacar, que este programa emerge da necessidade das grandes empresas e do Estado de oferecerem uma resposta para os empresários locais e a sociedade no sentido de integra-lós às cadeias produtivas das grandes empresas. No entanto, para atingir essa finalidade, traça-se o caminho a partir da mudança na economia, tendo como ponto inicial o setor privado, que adota a reestruturação produtiva como carro chefe desse novo modelo, levando à desverticalização das cadeias das grandes empresas, principalmente por meio da terceirização, gerando, assim, uma estratégia de especialização regional. Dadas essas transformações, volta-se para analisar o paradigma em relação ao Estado, que passa por profundas alterações, culminando com o denominado Estado Mínimo ou Neoliberal. É necessário ressaltar que a avaliação do PDF-MA desenvolvida é dinâmica e pretende ir desde o geral, as relações econômicas internacionais, passando pelos reflexos dessas relações no Brasil, chegando ao mais específico, o programa exposto. Enfim, no estudo do PDF-MA pretende-se detalhar a dinâmica do programa, construindo um quadro de indicadores e desenvolvendo a temática do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Para empreender tal investigação ocorreram dois momentos avaliativos, primeiro faz-se uma avaliação política da política, para que seja possível perceber quais as nuances e como foi determinado politicamente sua implementação, entendendo como o programa entrou na agenda do governo e quais os sujeitos, interesses e racionalidades envolvidas. No segundo, desvenda-se a dinâmica de implementação dessa política pública, por meio de uma avaliação de processo, verificando se os meios utilizados estão adequados aos fins desejados e se este foi capaz de alterar a situação problema que deu origem ao programa. Nesse percurso, utilizou-se de uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, tendo como técnicas de pesquisa, a modalidade documental e a bibliográfica. Dessa forma, pretende-se descortinar uma nova visão sobre o PDF-MA.

PhD / Department of Public Health / See the attached abstract

Information technology industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world and its impact can be observed in the processes related to the human resources management as well. Humans are one of the most important parts of the organization, so it is necessary to deal with personnel activities. This dissertation focuses on selected processes at the human resources department and their possible support by using appropriate software tools. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze these processes, to present the current software support of these processes to the reader and to find methods that make the implementation of these tools into business easier and help to understand their importance when using them in organization.

No description available.

No description available.