Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of administrative intervention in Supply Chain Management in the Department of Education in Limpopo. This was done with the aim of looking into the strategies that were put in place during the intervention process and to examine whether the strategies have yielded the desired results of stabilising the department’s finances and averting the possible collapse of essential services. Qualitative data were collected, primarily in the form of semi-structured interviews using an interview schedule consisting of both closed and open-ended questions with the Chief Financial Officer, General Manager (SCM), Senior Manager (SCM), Manager Demand and Acquisition, six Supply Chain Management Practitioners, and two members of the Intervention Task Team. All these officials provided sufficient information related to the effect of the administrative intervention in the SCM of the Limpopo Department of Education. The study found that there were a number of strategies that were put in place by the members of the Intervention Task Team during the intervention process, such as : • Catering not exceeding R50.00 per person has to be provided only for meetings with external stakeholders and this provision only applied to meetings that take longer than five hours; • Promotional items such as t-shirts, caps, bags, etc., were not to be purchased by the department; • Engagement of consultants was also reduced to the minimal and it was only allowed where the department does not have the requisite skills or resources in its full time employ to perform the assignment in question; and • Trips by vehicles were to be optimised to reduce costs. However, the strategies that were put in place by the Intervention Task Team in the Supply chain management did not yield the desired results of stabilising the department’s finances and averting the possible collapse of essential services. Limpopo Department of Education continued to get an undesirable disclaimer audit iii opinion for the fourth consecutive year and the findings depicted poor administration and inability to comply with the treasury regulations.

O gerenciamento de aquisições vem se tornando um dos aspectos mais importantes do gerenciamento de projetos, acompanhando a tendência das organizações de se dedicarem mais à sua vocação competitiva e passarem a adquirir de fontes externas os recursos, materiais, equipamentos, sistemas, soluções e serviços necessários à realização de seus projetos. Esta tendência tem feito com que, num número cada vez maior de projetos, a organização empreendedora realize grande parte e, às vezes todo o projeto, através de organizações externas. Neste contexto, a equipe do projeto gerencia, na verdade, um portfolio de fornecimentos aos quais tem que aplicar metodologias, técnicas e ferramentas de todas as demais áreas de conhecimento do gerenciamento de projetos. Não obstante sua crescente importância, o gerenciamento de aquisições em projetos é um tema relativamente pouco coberto pela bibliografia de gerenciamento de projetos e sua terminologia é pouco consensual. Este trabalho destaca a crescente importância do gerenciamento de aquisições em projetos, sintetizando os processos, técnicas e ferramentas reconhecidas atualmente como as melhores práticas nesta área de conhecimento. Foi desenvolvido um modelo de maturidade específico para gerenciamento de aquisições em projetos, com o objetivo de aferir o alinhamento entre o que é praticado nas empresas e as melhores práticas apresentadas nas principais referências bibliográficas. Através do estudo de casos de três empresas com forte atuação em projetos, foi possível aferir o alinhamento de suas práticas com um padrão previamente estabelecido, aplicando e validando o modelo desenvolvido. A pesquisa permitiu, também, avaliar o reconhecimento da importância do gerenciamento de aquisições nas empresas pesquisadas, bem como o grau de consenso na terminologia utilizada em seus processos de aquisições. / Procurement management has became one of the most important aspects in project management, accompanying the trend to focus organizations in their core business, and therefore contracting resources, materials, equipments, systems, solutions and services from external sources, to have their projects accomplished. This trend results that in a crescent number of projects, the performing organization gets a considerable part of the project, and sometimes the whole project, done by external sources. In this context, the project team manages, in fact, a portfolio of sourcing projects, to which it is necessary to apply methodology, tools and techniques from all others knowledge areas of project management. Nevertheless its increasing importance, project procurement management is a subject poor covered by project management references and its terminology is not consensual. This work emphasizes the growing importance of project procurement management and synthesizes the processes, tools and techniques actually recognized as best practices in this knowledge area. A maturity model specifically to project procurement management has been developed to evaluate the alignment level of what is being done in real world companies with the best practices presented by the most representative references. Through case studies of three companies that perform projects consistently, it was possible to evaluate the alignment of their practices with a standard previously set, applying and validating the model. The research also has allowed gauging the recognition of the procurement management importance within the researched companies, as well as the grade of consensus on the terminology used in their acquisition processes.

O gerenciamento de aquisições vem se tornando um dos aspectos mais importantes do gerenciamento de projetos, acompanhando a tendência das organizações de se dedicarem mais à sua vocação competitiva e passarem a adquirir de fontes externas os recursos, materiais, equipamentos, sistemas, soluções e serviços necessários à realização de seus projetos. Esta tendência tem feito com que, num número cada vez maior de projetos, a organização empreendedora realize grande parte e, às vezes todo o projeto, através de organizações externas. Neste contexto, a equipe do projeto gerencia, na verdade, um portfolio de fornecimentos aos quais tem que aplicar metodologias, técnicas e ferramentas de todas as demais áreas de conhecimento do gerenciamento de projetos. Não obstante sua crescente importância, o gerenciamento de aquisições em projetos é um tema relativamente pouco coberto pela bibliografia de gerenciamento de projetos e sua terminologia é pouco consensual. Este trabalho destaca a crescente importância do gerenciamento de aquisições em projetos, sintetizando os processos, técnicas e ferramentas reconhecidas atualmente como as melhores práticas nesta área de conhecimento. Foi desenvolvido um modelo de maturidade específico para gerenciamento de aquisições em projetos, com o objetivo de aferir o alinhamento entre o que é praticado nas empresas e as melhores práticas apresentadas nas principais referências bibliográficas. Através do estudo de casos de três empresas com forte atuação em projetos, foi possível aferir o alinhamento de suas práticas com um padrão previamente estabelecido, aplicando e validando o modelo desenvolvido. A pesquisa permitiu, também, avaliar o reconhecimento da importância do gerenciamento de aquisições nas empresas pesquisadas, bem como o grau de consenso na terminologia utilizada em seus processos de aquisições. / Procurement management has became one of the most important aspects in project management, accompanying the trend to focus organizations in their core business, and therefore contracting resources, materials, equipments, systems, solutions and services from external sources, to have their projects accomplished. This trend results that in a crescent number of projects, the performing organization gets a considerable part of the project, and sometimes the whole project, done by external sources. In this context, the project team manages, in fact, a portfolio of sourcing projects, to which it is necessary to apply methodology, tools and techniques from all others knowledge areas of project management. Nevertheless its increasing importance, project procurement management is a subject poor covered by project management references and its terminology is not consensual. This work emphasizes the growing importance of project procurement management and synthesizes the processes, tools and techniques actually recognized as best practices in this knowledge area. A maturity model specifically to project procurement management has been developed to evaluate the alignment level of what is being done in real world companies with the best practices presented by the most representative references. Through case studies of three companies that perform projects consistently, it was possible to evaluate the alignment of their practices with a standard previously set, applying and validating the model. The research also has allowed gauging the recognition of the procurement management importance within the researched companies, as well as the grade of consensus on the terminology used in their acquisition processes.

Las empresas constructoras presentan distintos problemas en el desarrollo de sus operaciones, un adecuado control permitirá mitigar muchos de estos, haciendo también que la empresa sea más eficiente. Nos encontramos con una realidad donde las deficiencias presentadas nos llevan a realizar un análisis y determinar un diagnóstico con la finalidad de desarrollar propuestas de soluciones que puedan promover el continuo desarrollo, de forma que la empresa trabaje bajo una adecuada gestión adquisiciones y así también pueda controlar sus salidas de dinero, es decir, haciendo tan solo las compras estrictamente necesarias. Por esta razón la investigación presenta por objetivo determinar de qué manera la evaluación de la gestión de adquisiciones dará lugar a una mejora en la eficiencia dentro del área tesorería. Esto se llevará a cabo mediante una investigación de tipo aplicada presentando un enfoque cualitativo a un nivel descriptivo y con un diseño no experimental; la investigación se desarrollará en la empresa constructora Jeeb Vital Sac, donde se entrevistará al gerente con el propósito de recolectar información sobre los aspectos generales de la empresa y también sobre las deficiencias, sus causas y la repercusión que representa en la gestión de adquisiciones y del área de tesorería. En este sentido la empresa podrá tener un mejor desarrollo de sus operaciones y un mejor aprovechamiento de las oportunidades que se le presente. / Construction companies present different problems in the development of their operations, adequate control will mitigate many of these, also making the company more efficient. We find ourselves with a reality where the deficiencies presented lead us to carry out an analysis and determine a diagnosis in order to develop proposals for solutions that can promote continuous development, so that the company works under adequate acquisition management and thus can also control their money outflows, that is, making only the strictly necessary purchases. For this reason, the objective of the research is to determine how the evaluation of acquisition management will lead to an improvement in efficiency within the treasury area. This will be carried out through an applied type of research presenting a qualitative approach at a descriptive level and with a non-experimental design; The investigation will be carried out in the construction company Jeeb Vital Sac, where the manager will be interviewed with the purpose of collecting information on the general aspects of the company and also on the deficiencies, their causes and the repercussion that it represents in the management of acquisitions and the treasury area. In this sense, the company will be able to have a better development of its operations and a better use of the opportunities that are presented to it.

Procurement of sawlogs to purchasing sawmills represents a basic strategic business process. The properties of inbound sawlogs are decisive for the output of sawn products and the cost of raw material contributes substantially to the cost of the final product. Increasing customer orientation and new demands from powerful customers in the building and retail sectors entail new or accentuated demands on management of procurement. Managing raw material procurement and communicating needs to suppliers and logging machine operators are vital issues for sawmills in order to be competitive. The purpose of the thesis is to explore how purchasing sawmills manage procurement of sawlogs. The results are based on 46 in-depth interviews with people involved in the procurement process at seven softwood sawmills in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. The thesis identifies various types of supply uncertainties as well as process improvement and buffer activities that reduce uncertainties. However, the major obstacle in the procurement process is the power/dependence balance in the relationships with suppliers. Beyond doubt, it restricts the manageability of procurement and particularly bucking. The results suggest that there are a number of ways to improve management of procurement, which are currently not fully employed. The thesis provides four key strategic dimensions of the procurement process and suggests a general conceptual model of wood procurement to purchasing sawmills. Further research within the subject can usefully explore the link between procurement management and procurement strategy as well as the relation to other functions' strategies and the corporate strategy. The importance of the identified strategic dimensions of the procurement process needs to be quantified in order to provide normative suggestions.

The advent of the global financial recession, its impact on the economy with respect to market turbulence and the increase in customer demands have put organisations under intense pressure to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations. By virtue of it not being business as usual in the business arena, organisations are forced to constantly devise strategies that are geared towards growth, transformation and continuous improvement. This cuts across all spheres of organisational structures, which means that every division has a role to play.

La Aplicación de Buenas Prácticas en la Gestión de Adquisiciones dentro de la Empresa MJ Ingeniería y Construcción, evidencio ciertas características que retrasan el desempeño de los procesos constructivos; debido a malas coordinaciones en el área de compras, es decir los recursos no están disponibles en el tiempo necesario deteniendo los flujos de trabajo. Es por ello que la empresa MJ Ingeniería y Construcción, requirió aplicar 3 enfoques de dirección de proyectos basados en; el PMBOK® busca aplicar procesos principales como el de planificar (Análisis de decisión de hacer o ejecutar, procesos administrativos de adquisiciones de bienes o servicios, solicitudes de propuestas, roles de involucrados, criterios de evaluación a los proveedores); en efectuar (sistema de contratación y gestión de los contratos a los proveedores) y en controlar las adquisiciones (sistema de control de cambios, revisión de desempeño de las adquisiciones, auditorías a los proveedores, indicadores de gestión, solicitudes de cambio). Lean Supply Chain contribuye con establecer que los procesos sean más esbeltos, con el afán de reducir los procesos con desperdicios en cada proyecto de MJ Ingeniería y Construcción, por el cual se aplicó buenas prácticas de gestión (procesos para gestionar y seleccionar proveedores, reuniones agiles, indicadores para el proceso de compras, lecciones aprendidas y oportunidades de mejora). La Norma ISO 20400:2017 Compras Sostenibles proporciono la orientación para la integración de la sostenibilidad en las adquisiciones de la empresa (políticas y estrategias, guía de implementación, identificación de los involucrados de compras, gestión de contratos sostenibles, evaluación de conductas sostenibles a los proveedores, desempeño de proveedores y registro y comunicación de lecciones aprendidas). Este estudio demostró que con la implementación de la gestión de adquisición de la presente investigación, aumento el desempeño en los procesos de la empresa del área de compras, optimizando costos de las adquisiciones dentro de los proyectos de MJ Ingeniería y Construcción. / The Application of Good Practices in Procurement Management within the MJ Ingeniería y Construcción Company, I show certain characteristics that delay the performance of construction processes; due to poor coordination in the purchasing area, resources are not available in the time required to stop workflows. That is why the company MJ Ingeniería y Construcción, required to apply 3 approaches of project management based on; PMBOK® seeks to apply main processes such as planning (Decision analysis to make or execute, administrative processes for procurement of goods or services, requests for proposals, roles of stakeholders, evaluation criteria to suppliers); in performing (system of contract procurement and management of contracts to suppliers) and in controlling acquisitions (change control system, review of procurement performance, audits to suppliers, management indicators, change requests). Lean Supply Chain helps establish that processes are leaner, with the desire to reduce waste processes in each MJ Ingeniería y Construcción project, where-based management best practices (processes for managing and selecting suppliers, agile meetings, indicators for the procurement process, lessons learned and opportunities for improvement). ISO 20400:2017 Sustainable Procurement provided guidance for the integration of sustainability into the company's procurement (policies and strategies, implementation guide, identification of procurement stakeholders, management of sustainable contracts, evaluation of sustainable supplier behaviors, supplier performance and recording and communication of lessons learned). This study showed that with the implementation of the acquisition management of this research, it increased the performance in the processes of the purchasing company, optimizing procurement costs within the MJ Ingeniería y Construcción projects. / Trabajo de investigación

В диссертации исследованы вопросы управления закупочной деятельностью корпорации и ее правового обеспечения и разработаны мероприятия по совершенствованию управления закупочной деятельностью на примере АО «РУСАЛ УРАЛ». Рассмотрены основные подходы к определению и видам закупочной деятельности. Выявлены признаки закупочной деятельности. Предложено авторское определение закупочной деятельности корпорации. Выявлены особенности закупочной деятельности, которые необходимо учитывать при совершенствовании управления ею. Выявлены особенности современных отношений по закупкам в России и их правового регулирования, которые необходимо учитывать при управлении закупочной деятельностью. Практическая часть исследования представлена анализом управления закупочной деятельности в АО «РУСАЛ УРАЛ», предложены мероприятия для повышения эффективности этой деятельности, просчитан экономический эффект от мероприятий. / The issues of managing the procurement activities of the corporation and its legal support were investigated in the thesis, and measures were taken to improve the procurement management on the example of RUSAL URAL. The main approaches to the definition and types of procurement activities are considered. The signs of procurement are identified. The author’s definition of a corporation’s procurement activity has been proposed, and the distinctive features of this definition from those existing in science have been highlighted. The features of procurement activities that must be considered when improving its management are identified. The features of modern relations on procurement in Russia and its legal regulation, which must be considered when managing procurement activities, are revealed. The practical part of the study is presented by the analysis of the management of procurement activities in RUSAL URAL, the measures have been proposed to increase the effectiveness of this activity, and the economic effect of the measures has been calculated.

The Eastern Cape Provincial Administration has, since the promulgation of the Supply Chain Management Policy Framework in 2003, been challenged with the implementation of the said Policy.Some departments have progressed better than others, but all of the provincial departments have been challenged in one way or another.It was therefore, necessary to research the reasons for the erratic implementation process by the different departments. An analysis, based on answers provided by senior officials of the Eastern Cape Provincial Administration in an interviewing process, was needed to get an understanding of the challenges the departments are faced within the implementation process. In order to provide quality goods and services, this dissertation aims to evaluate the implementation process, provide insight to the challenges that the departments are faced with and offer recommendations on how to remedy these challenges. The lessons learned from this research study will assist the provincial departments to re-engineer their implementation processes and move forward to greater success and embracement of the Supply Chain Management policy Framework.