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Uppsatsen är ett examensarbete på 15 hp inom produktdesignprogrammet på Malmö högskola. Projektet hanterar blöjors utformning med ett resulterande förslag på hur denna produkt kan förbättras, med en fördjupning inom hållbar utveckling. Resultatet blev en blöja med inlägg, för den mer omedvetna konsumenten, som minskar antalet byten och därmed mängden miljöpåfrestande material som behöver tillverkas och slängasI fördjupningen intervjuades Olof Kolte, framträdande industridesigner som verkar inom hållbar utveckling, och en litteratursökning på området utfördes. Förundersökningen angående blöjor baserades främst på kvalitativa intervjuer, och konceptualiseringen baserades främst på ett antal brainstorms och en metod som kallas bakåtmetoden, utvecklad av Edward de Bono, författare och konsult inom lateralt tänkande. / The essay is a thesis of 15 credits in the product design program at Malmö University. The project manages diapers design with a resulting suggestion on how this product can be improved, with a specialization in sustainable development. The result was a diaper with inserts, for the more unconscious buyer, which reduces the number of changes and consequently the amount of eco-wracking materials needed to be manufactured and disposedIn the focus area Olof Kolte, prominent industrial designer working with sustainable development, was interviewed and a literature search was conducted in the area. The preliminary investigation regarding diapers were based primarily on qualitative interviews, and the conceptualization was based primarily on a number of brainstorms and a method called the backward method, developed by Edward de Bono, author and consultant in lateral thinking.

Detta examensarbete omfattar 15 hp och utfördes av Jelena Todorovic, student på Malmö Högskola, Produktdesignprogrammet.Syftet med arbetet var att utveckla en sportbag för personer som bor i närheten av ett gym och som efter träningen duschar hemma. Projektets bas var Användarcentrerad design, som innebär att utvecklingen av konceptet sker efter användarens behov, önskemål och preferenser. Användaren inkluderades i projektet i allt från skisser, intervjuer, observationer, utvärderingar och urval av koncept till slutkonceptet.Studenten såg ett behov av en annan väska än den traditionella sportbagen. Projektets förstudie resulterade i att studenten sammanställde en kravlista på målgruppens önskemål och behov. En sportbag där funktionaliteten var viktigast kom att bli projektets fokus. Studenten hade som krav att miljö och hållbarhet skulle genomsyra projektet och slutprodukten. Vi behöver tänka på vår planet och för en designer är det en utmaning att utveckla en produkt som är snäll mot miljön, som går att använda länge och fylla sin funktion på ett bra sätt. Slutligen resulterade projektet i en funktionsmodell på den nya mer behovsanpassade sportbagen. / This final thesis is written by Jelena Todorovic, studying Product Design at Malmö Högskola.The purpose with this project was to develop a sport bag for people living nearby a gym and who showers at home instead of the gym after training. The main focus of the project is User Centered Design, which means that the product development of the concept is based on the end users, or the customer’s preferences, needs and wishes. The user is included in every step of the project development, such as commenting and criticizing sketches and concepts, being interviewed and observed, and evaluating the different stages of the concept and product.The student saw a need of a different bag than the traditional sport bag. The pilot study resulted in a list of requirements based on the target group and their needs and preferences. A gym bag with focus on the functionality became the project. The student wanted the project and the final concept to be environmentally friendly, why a research in that field was necessary. We need to think about our planet, and for a Designer, it is a challenge to develop a product which is environmentally friendly and sustainable. It is also desirable for a product to fill its function and last for a long time. Finally, the project resulted in a functionality model of the new gym bag.

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Yes / Working collaboratively with internal and external partners (suppliers, customers and internal stakeholders) has been at the epicentre of product design. Knowledge sharing has been well recognised in this context. However, there is limited research that has addressed the role of social media/Web 2.0 in facilitating knowledge sharing for sense- and decision-making within product design. To address this gap, this study draws on the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm and two vignettes that relate to ‘collaborative co-design’ and ‘collaborative design-to-order’. We illustrate the role of social media/Web 2.0 in building knowledge sharing capabilities for sense- and decision-making for internal and external partners during product design. Limitations and further research into the use of social media/Web 2.0 are also discussed.

The research explores how Swedish apparel companies are integrating Circular Economy (CE) principles into the product design phase and identifies Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for circular and profitable apparel products. It uses a multiple case study approach, interviewing employees from five companies involved in the Vinnova project. Key findings include the importance of design for durability, balancing recycled content with quality, and the need for measurable CE principles. The study highlights the need for KPIs to track circular design performance and suggests managers prepare for upcoming EU ESPR legislation. Limitations include its focus on Swedish companies and the short research timeframe. Future research should further explore the impact of ESPR and develop more KPIs for CE in the apparel industry.

Design for repairability is imperative to making products that last long enough to justify the resources they consume and the pollution they generate. While design for repairability has been gaining steady momentum, especially with recent advances in Right to Repair legislation, there is still work to be done. There are gaps in both the tools available for repair-conscious designers and the products coming onto store shelves. This thesis work aims to help set sails in the right direction on both fronts. This research explores the use of topic modeling (a natural language processing technique) to extract repairability design insights from online customer feedback. This could help repair-conscious designers identify areas for redesign to improve product repairability and/or prioritize components to provide as available replacement parts. Additionally, designers could apply this methodology early in their design process by examining the failure modes of similar existing products. Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and BERTopic approaches are used to analyze 5,000 Amazon reviews for standalone computer keyboards to assess device failure modes. The proposed method identifies several failure modes for keyboards, including keys sticking, legs breaking, keyboards disconnecting, keyboard bases wobbling, and errors while typing. An accelerated product design process for a keyboard is presented to showcase an application of the topic modeling results, as well as to demonstrate the potential for product design that uses a “piggybacking” design strategy to reuse electronic components. This work indicates that topic modeling is a promising approach for obtaining repairability-related design leads and demonstrates the efficacy of product design to reduce e-waste.

Product life cycle (PLC) is the cycle which every product goes through from introduction to eventual demise. There are several issues with the current life cycle of a product when looked from the environmental impact perspective. These are: 1) depletion of natural resources due to the use of virgin materials for production, 2) Consumption of substantial amounts of energy during manufacturing, assembly and use, and 3) production of large amounts of waste during the lifecycle including those at the End of Life (EoL) phase. These issues impact resource scarcity, adverse effects on the environment and loss of embodied energy as waste. Some of the potential solutions to these issues, as proposed in literature, are: to recycle, reuse and remanufacture products in order to reclaim materials, components and sub-assemblies from used products and make them available for new products. In order to efficiently carry out these recovery processes, a pre-requisite is disassembly. Product disassembly is defined as the processes of systematic removal of desirable constitute parts from an assembly while ensuring that there is no impairment of the parts due to the disassembly process. The following are the major research issues in the field of disassembly. One is the conflict between environmental and economic goals, i.e. as to which should be targeted at in disassembly objectives. These conflicts lead to abandoning non-destructive disassembly techniques so as to favour the profit objective. The other issues, prevalent during EoL phase, are: corrosion due to use, less residual value in the parts, complicated structure and intricacy in parts, which together make non-destructive disassembly a task difficult for automation. This means that disassembly processes have to be carried out by human operators. The manual disassembly processes are effort intensive and pose ergonomic risks to the human operators involved in disassembling. The nature of ergonomic risks and effort spent in disassembly is influenced by the efficiency of disassembly operation. However, little research has been carried out to address the above factors of effort, profit, efficiency, environment and ergonomic risk during disassembly in an integrated manner. These factors form the major motivations for the research work carried out in this thesis. A series of empirical studies have been undertaken to assess these factors and their impact on product disassembly. The studies focus on disassembly processes for consumer electronic products in two major recycling sectors in developing countries, leading to development of metrics with which the above factors can be assessed individually and traded off in an integrated manner during the early design stages of a product. These metrics should help designers understand and improve the major disassembly aspects of a product during designing and help prevent major disassembly problems at the EoL phase while improving efficiency of recovery options. The objective of this thesis, therefore, is to develop an Integrated Framework for supporting decision making during early stages of design to improve disassembly during the EoL phase of the product. The framework is intended to help in evaluating alternative designs for easy (less effort), profitable, efficient and environment-friendly disassembly at the EoL phase of the product life cycle. The Framework constitutes new measures developed for supporting decision making on above aspects of disassembly during the early stage of designing. The Framework has been implemented into a computer based tool called ‘IdeAssemble’ and evaluated for its functionality with the help of a design experiment. The tool can be used at the embodiment stage of the design phase, when on an exploded view of the product, with information on its materials, geometry, disassembly tools and types of disassembly task are available to the designer.