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Industrial Application of Three-dimensional Engineering Models to Development of Product Design and Its Relation to Industrial Arts ProgramsHocking, John S. 01 1900 (has links)
The problem encountered in this study was threefold: 1. To analyze the field of engineering models used in design studies and identify and define the way in which they are applied to product development. 2. To determine the degree and extent of skills and knowledge necessary for constructing engineering models. 3. To compare the skills and knowledge associated with model building to course content offered in industrial arts.
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ProVIL – Produktentwicklung im virtuellen IdeenlaborAlbers, Albert, Bursac , Nikola, Walter, Benjamin, Hahn , Carsten, Schröder, Jan 10 December 2016 (has links) (PDF)
1 Standortübergreifende Zusammenarbeit in der Entwicklungspraxis
Innovationen stellen einen entscheidenden Faktor für erfolgreiche Unternehmen dar (Schumpeter 1934). Dabei zeigen Studien, dass erfolgreiche Unternehmen in Produktgenerationen entwickeln (Albers et al. 2014). Unter Produktgenerationsentwicklung wird die Entwicklung von Produkten verstanden, die auf Referenzprodukten (z. B. Vorgänger- oder Wettbewerbsprodukten) basieren und gezielt um neue Funktionalitäten erweitert werden bzw. deren bestehende Funktionalitäten verbessert werden (Albers et al. 2015a).
In der Praxis zeigt sich, dass ein immer größer werdender Anteil der entsprechenden Entwicklungsaktivitäten von verteilten Teams durchgeführt wird, deren Teammitglieder sich an unterschiedlichen Standorten innerhalb eines Landes oder über Landesgrenzen hinweg befinden (Zanker & Horvat 2015). Hierdurch entstehen neuartige Herausforderungen, die sich im Schwerpunkt auf Planung, Steuerung, Zusammenarbeit und Controlling dieser Teams beziehen. Diese Herausforderungen lassen sich allerdings nicht losgelöst voneinander betrachten, sondern erfordern eine integrative Sicht auf die zum Einsatz kommenden Entwicklungsprozesse, Entwicklungsmethode und Softwaretools. Beim Zusammenspiel dieser Elemente ist zudem darauf zu achten, dass diese situationsspezifisch ausgewählt und angewendet werden, wie beispielsweise bei der situationsgerechten Auswahl adäquater Entwicklungsmethoden (Albers et al. 2015b), und dass die Konfiguration aus Prozessen, Methoden und Tools die Fähigkeiten und Bedürfnissen beteiligter Einzelpersonen und Teams berücksichtigen. Außerdem müssen die besonderen Charakteristika der Produktentwicklung, wie zum Beispiel die Gleichwertigkeit von erkennenden und gestaltenden Aktivitäten, bei der Auswahl und Entwicklung von Prozessen, Methoden und Tools beachtet werden (Albers & Lohmeyer 2012).
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Aplicação da metodologia DFMA - Design for Manufacturing and Assembly - no projeto e fabricação de aeronaves / Application of DFMA - Design for Manufacturing and Assembly - methodology on aircrafts design and manufacturingBarbosa, Gustavo Franco 23 October 2007 (has links)
A indústria aeronáutica no Brasil tem se desenvolvido de modo acelerado em termos de desenvolvimento tecnológico e dos processos de fabricação aplicados. Com isso, tem se buscado melhores resultados durante o desenvolvimento do projeto e fabricação de aeronaves, visando uma melhor avaliação dos processos de fabricação, montagem, manutenção, confiabilidade e fatores humanos (ergonômicos). O intuito é aperfeiçoar a fabricação e simplificação da montagem dos conjuntos, de modo a facilitar a manufatura dos componentes que formarão o produto depois de acabado e tornar a montagem dos produtos aeronáuticos com o menor custo e da forma mais otimizada possível. Sendo assim, este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta que utiliza os conceitos de DFMA para aplicação específica no projeto e fabricação de aeronaves. O objetivo da ferramenta é auxiliar os engenheiros que atuam nas fases de desenvolvimento do avião, para que benefícios de facilidade de montagem possam ser alcançados com a utilização dos quadros de verificações. O trabalho inicia-se com a história da aviação, da indústria aeronáutica no mundo e no Brasil, e uma revisão teórica dos conceitos e princípios da metodologia DFMA. Em seguida é apresentado o ambiente da indústria aeronáutica, incluindo o processo de desenvolvimento integrado do produto, a implementação de projetos nestes segmentos e as fases de fabricação de uma aeronave. Na seqüência é apresentada a ferramenta de auxílio que foi desenvolvida em forma de quadros de análises, elaboradas com as regras e verificações a serem seguidas durante a criação do projeto, com o objetivo de consolidar os conhecimentos de manufatura e prevenir problemas futuros de montagem. Um estudo de caso é apresentado para evidenciar e comparar os resultados obtidos pela não aplicação efetiva dos conceitos da metodologia DFMA no desenvolvimento do projeto inicial, com os benefícios alcançados após a modificação do projeto baseado na aplicação dos conceitos de projeto para manufatura e utilização das tabelas. Por fim, os resultados são discutidos e a conclusão estabelecida. / Brazilian aeronautical industry has been developed faster and faster in terms of technology development and manufacturing processes. Thus, it has been planning to reach better results during the aircraft development and manufacturing phases, aiming to better evaluation of manufacturing processes, assembly, maintenance, capability and human factors (ergonomics). It is expected to improve the manufacturing and simplify the assembly to become easier the manufacturing of parts that will make the aircraft final assembly with low costs, high quality and the best optimized condition. So, the main objective of this study is to develop a guideline which uses the DFMA concepts for specific application on aircrafts design and manufacturing. The main goal of the guideline is to drive the engineers who work on aircraft development phases, about the manufacturing benefits that can be achieved when using the check list table of the guideline. This study starts with the aviation history and world and brazilian aeronautical industries and a theoretical review of the principles and concepts of the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) methodology. Next, the study describes the aeronautical industry environment, including the process of product integrated development, the implementation of projects in this sector and the airplane manufacturing phases. Subsequently, it has shown the guideline routine, which was developed in form of check list tables that contain rules and steps to be followed during the design creation and attempts to consolidate manufacturing knowledge and to prevent possible assemblies discrepancies. A case study is also presented to evident and makes the comparison between the results of aeronautical design that had been developed without DFMA concepts and post benefits reached after the project revision using the design for assembly concept and guideline tables. Finally, the results are discussed and the conclusion established.
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Aplicação da metodologia DFMA - Design for Manufacturing and Assembly - no projeto e fabricação de aeronaves / Application of DFMA - Design for Manufacturing and Assembly - methodology on aircrafts design and manufacturingGustavo Franco Barbosa 23 October 2007 (has links)
A indústria aeronáutica no Brasil tem se desenvolvido de modo acelerado em termos de desenvolvimento tecnológico e dos processos de fabricação aplicados. Com isso, tem se buscado melhores resultados durante o desenvolvimento do projeto e fabricação de aeronaves, visando uma melhor avaliação dos processos de fabricação, montagem, manutenção, confiabilidade e fatores humanos (ergonômicos). O intuito é aperfeiçoar a fabricação e simplificação da montagem dos conjuntos, de modo a facilitar a manufatura dos componentes que formarão o produto depois de acabado e tornar a montagem dos produtos aeronáuticos com o menor custo e da forma mais otimizada possível. Sendo assim, este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta que utiliza os conceitos de DFMA para aplicação específica no projeto e fabricação de aeronaves. O objetivo da ferramenta é auxiliar os engenheiros que atuam nas fases de desenvolvimento do avião, para que benefícios de facilidade de montagem possam ser alcançados com a utilização dos quadros de verificações. O trabalho inicia-se com a história da aviação, da indústria aeronáutica no mundo e no Brasil, e uma revisão teórica dos conceitos e princípios da metodologia DFMA. Em seguida é apresentado o ambiente da indústria aeronáutica, incluindo o processo de desenvolvimento integrado do produto, a implementação de projetos nestes segmentos e as fases de fabricação de uma aeronave. Na seqüência é apresentada a ferramenta de auxílio que foi desenvolvida em forma de quadros de análises, elaboradas com as regras e verificações a serem seguidas durante a criação do projeto, com o objetivo de consolidar os conhecimentos de manufatura e prevenir problemas futuros de montagem. Um estudo de caso é apresentado para evidenciar e comparar os resultados obtidos pela não aplicação efetiva dos conceitos da metodologia DFMA no desenvolvimento do projeto inicial, com os benefícios alcançados após a modificação do projeto baseado na aplicação dos conceitos de projeto para manufatura e utilização das tabelas. Por fim, os resultados são discutidos e a conclusão estabelecida. / Brazilian aeronautical industry has been developed faster and faster in terms of technology development and manufacturing processes. Thus, it has been planning to reach better results during the aircraft development and manufacturing phases, aiming to better evaluation of manufacturing processes, assembly, maintenance, capability and human factors (ergonomics). It is expected to improve the manufacturing and simplify the assembly to become easier the manufacturing of parts that will make the aircraft final assembly with low costs, high quality and the best optimized condition. So, the main objective of this study is to develop a guideline which uses the DFMA concepts for specific application on aircrafts design and manufacturing. The main goal of the guideline is to drive the engineers who work on aircraft development phases, about the manufacturing benefits that can be achieved when using the check list table of the guideline. This study starts with the aviation history and world and brazilian aeronautical industries and a theoretical review of the principles and concepts of the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) methodology. Next, the study describes the aeronautical industry environment, including the process of product integrated development, the implementation of projects in this sector and the airplane manufacturing phases. Subsequently, it has shown the guideline routine, which was developed in form of check list tables that contain rules and steps to be followed during the design creation and attempts to consolidate manufacturing knowledge and to prevent possible assemblies discrepancies. A case study is also presented to evident and makes the comparison between the results of aeronautical design that had been developed without DFMA concepts and post benefits reached after the project revision using the design for assembly concept and guideline tables. Finally, the results are discussed and the conclusion established.
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New conceptual framework of cross-functional collaboration for new product design development in global consumer electronics firmsKang, Bum-Kyu January 2001 (has links)
I here have been very few studies carried out on enhancing CFC (Cross-functional Collaboration) for the product design development. nevertheless there is a clear consensus among researchers that this issue is a critical one in ne product design development. Besides, almost all of the research work, which attempted to encourage CFC in NPD situations, was carried out focused on the cross-functional team which is the most effective organisation type to encourage collaboration between other functional groups, rather than the functional organisation, which is difficult organisation to facilitate collaboration between other functional groups. On the other hand, there is still no clear evidence which proves that CFC improves the performance of' design development. Nevertheless, this proof is essential premise to support the value of producing the information to improve CFC for product design development. This research attempts to fill in this gap in the deficiency of research. This longitudinal research has been conducted with complementary research methods: a qualitative research and a quantitative research in the field. As the main body of this research, 15 key -decision makers for new product design development were interviewed and 243 questionnaires from eight leading consumer electronics companies in three countries (Korea, Japan. UK) were analysed. In conclusion, firstly, this research has proved there is a plus correlation between the level of CFC and several dimensions of the design development performance of consumer electronics products. Furthermore, a new framework model is developed and proposed after compressing and combining all vital findings of this research work. This developed model presents three major findings of this research. Firstly, the factors affecting CF C for design development of consumer electronics products, secondly, the priority of importance of these factors, and finally, factors directly contributing to design development performance in several dimensions. Overall, the findings of this research help to people what are valuable factors for building CFC climate and what are prior factor in a quandary concerning, where to concentrate their efforts so as to successfully implement their (TV to improve their design development performance. In particular, the findings of this research could further help designers and design managers who lack the experience and knowledge of collaboration situations in the rigid functional organisational boundaries, which many consumer electronics companies face.
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ProVIL – Produktentwicklung im virtuellen IdeenlaborAlbers, Albert, Bursac, Nikola, Walter, Benjamin, Hahn, Carsten, Schröder, Jan January 2016 (has links)
1 Standortübergreifende Zusammenarbeit in der Entwicklungspraxis
Innovationen stellen einen entscheidenden Faktor für erfolgreiche Unternehmen dar (Schumpeter 1934). Dabei zeigen Studien, dass erfolgreiche Unternehmen in Produktgenerationen entwickeln (Albers et al. 2014). Unter Produktgenerationsentwicklung wird die Entwicklung von Produkten verstanden, die auf Referenzprodukten (z. B. Vorgänger- oder Wettbewerbsprodukten) basieren und gezielt um neue Funktionalitäten erweitert werden bzw. deren bestehende Funktionalitäten verbessert werden (Albers et al. 2015a).
In der Praxis zeigt sich, dass ein immer größer werdender Anteil der entsprechenden Entwicklungsaktivitäten von verteilten Teams durchgeführt wird, deren Teammitglieder sich an unterschiedlichen Standorten innerhalb eines Landes oder über Landesgrenzen hinweg befinden (Zanker & Horvat 2015). Hierdurch entstehen neuartige Herausforderungen, die sich im Schwerpunkt auf Planung, Steuerung, Zusammenarbeit und Controlling dieser Teams beziehen. Diese Herausforderungen lassen sich allerdings nicht losgelöst voneinander betrachten, sondern erfordern eine integrative Sicht auf die zum Einsatz kommenden Entwicklungsprozesse, Entwicklungsmethode und Softwaretools. Beim Zusammenspiel dieser Elemente ist zudem darauf zu achten, dass diese situationsspezifisch ausgewählt und angewendet werden, wie beispielsweise bei der situationsgerechten Auswahl adäquater Entwicklungsmethoden (Albers et al. 2015b), und dass die Konfiguration aus Prozessen, Methoden und Tools die Fähigkeiten und Bedürfnissen beteiligter Einzelpersonen und Teams berücksichtigen. Außerdem müssen die besonderen Charakteristika der Produktentwicklung, wie zum Beispiel die Gleichwertigkeit von erkennenden und gestaltenden Aktivitäten, bei der Auswahl und Entwicklung von Prozessen, Methoden und Tools beachtet werden (Albers & Lohmeyer 2012).
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Wissensbasierter Aufbau konstruktions-begleitender Finite-Elemente-Analysen durch ein FEA-AssistenzsystemKestel, Philipp, Wartzack, Sandro January 2016 (has links)
Aus der Einleitung:
"Aufgrund der wachsenden Produktanforderungen bei gleichzeitig immer kürzeren Entwicklungszeiten gewinnen computergestützte Simulationsverfahren, wie die Finite-Elemente-Analyse (FEA), in der Produktentwicklung zunehmend an Bedeutung [Müller 2009]. Für eine effiziente Nutzung der FEA muss diese jedoch frühzeitig in der Produktentwicklung angewendet werden. Darüber hinaus wird für einen erfolgreichen Einsatz umfangreiches Expertenwissen vorausgesetzt. Dieses Wissen konzentriert sich in den Unternehmen hauptsächlich auf erfahrene Berechnungsingenieure, die aufgrund zeitlicher Engpässe Simulationen meist nur zur Nachrechnung bereits ausdetaillierter Produktmodelle durchführen. Konstruktionsbegleitende Simulationen werden hingegen zu selten eingesetzt oder sind nicht aussagekräftig genug, wenn diese nicht von Berechnungsexperten erstellt werden. Um den steigenden Anforderungen an die Produktentwicklung gerecht zu werden, muss das erforderliche Simulationswissen daher auch weniger erfahrenen Benutzergruppen, wie Konstruktionsingenieuren, zugänglich gemacht werden. Darüber hinaus müssen wiederkehrende Arbeitsschritte für den Simulationsaufbau standardisiert und automatisiert werden, um die Qualität der Berechnungsergebnisse abzusichern und diese Prozesse zu beschleunigen. ..."
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Processo de descentralização do desenvolvimento de novos produtos: uma análise em uma empresa do setor de veículos comerciais. / Decentralization process of the new product development: an analysis at a company of the commercial vehicles sector.Segismundo, André 23 September 2009 (has links)
Nas últimas décadas o desenvolvimento de novos produtos se tornou o foco da competitividade industrial e, é neste ambiente que a literatura atual identifica vários casos que apontam para uma forte tendência de descentralização do desenvolvimento de produto em âmbito global. Assim, pretende-se por meio de estudo de caso único, analisar o processo de descentralização de desenvolvimento global de novos produtos (DGP) adotado por uma empresa automotiva atuante no setor de veículos comerciais. O estudo foca na pesquisa dos fatores que favorecem a descentralização do DGP, bem como suas causas, baseado na teoria vigente. Como principais conclusões, pode-se citar que o setor de veículos comerciais reage de maneira similar a outros setores, como o de telecomunicações, e que diferentemente da literatura vigente sobre a descentralização do DGP, fatores como o interesse no mercado local e aspectos históricos da evolução da subsidiária brasileira apresentam maior relevância do que o baixo custo e as competências locais em desenvolvimento de produtos. Identificou-se, também, que neste caso o produto modular influencia no processo de descentralização do DGP dependendo do tipo de estrutura deste último, ao contrário do identificado por pesquisas anteriores. Por fim, é elaborada uma proposta de relação entre tipo de estrutura de DGP e a utilização ou não de projeto modular. / In recent decades the development of new products has become the industrial competitiveness focus and, it is in this environment, that the current literature identifies several cases which indicate a strong trend of product development decentralization in a global sphere. Thus, this study intent to, through a single case study, analyzes the decentralization process of new products global development (PGD) used by a company from the automotive industry acting at the commercial vehicles sector. The study focuses on the research of the factors that encourage the decentralization of PGD and its causes, based on existing theory. As main conclusions, it is possible to mention that the commercial vehicles sector reacts similarly to other sectors such as telecommunications, in which factors such as interest in the local market and historical aspects of evolution of the Brazilian subsidiary have more relevance than the low cost and local skills in product development, unlike the current literature on this topic. It was also identified, in this case, that the modular product influences the PGD decentralization process depending on its structure, unlike identified by previous studies. Finally, the author developed a proposal which describes the relation between the PGD type of structure and the use (or not) of modular design.
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Příspěvek permakultury k udržitelnému způsobu života / Role of permaculture in sustainable livingGAJDUŠKOVÁ, Alena January 2013 (has links)
Mankind's relationship to the Material World is the defining and initial relationship when examining the evolution of sustainable development.Generally, mankind is intensely concerned with the environmental issues since the sixties of the last century, mainly because of the serious environmental changes which began to appear at that time. Permaculture, which is one of the alternative concepts, was originally created as a system of agricultural production and later extended to the different aspects of life: - cultural, economic and social.This work consists of several parts: in Pt. 1, I have analysed and summarized the project of the Forest Garden and the permacultural practices proposed in my Bachelor's thesis from the year 2011. Part 2 describes my application of recommended permacultural planting methods on selected crops, and the pros and cons of each procedure have been evaluated. In the Final part, I have followed traditional technological procedures and have elaborated the selected basic sorts of processed food.
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Processo de descentralização do desenvolvimento de novos produtos: uma análise em uma empresa do setor de veículos comerciais. / Decentralization process of the new product development: an analysis at a company of the commercial vehicles sector.André Segismundo 23 September 2009 (has links)
Nas últimas décadas o desenvolvimento de novos produtos se tornou o foco da competitividade industrial e, é neste ambiente que a literatura atual identifica vários casos que apontam para uma forte tendência de descentralização do desenvolvimento de produto em âmbito global. Assim, pretende-se por meio de estudo de caso único, analisar o processo de descentralização de desenvolvimento global de novos produtos (DGP) adotado por uma empresa automotiva atuante no setor de veículos comerciais. O estudo foca na pesquisa dos fatores que favorecem a descentralização do DGP, bem como suas causas, baseado na teoria vigente. Como principais conclusões, pode-se citar que o setor de veículos comerciais reage de maneira similar a outros setores, como o de telecomunicações, e que diferentemente da literatura vigente sobre a descentralização do DGP, fatores como o interesse no mercado local e aspectos históricos da evolução da subsidiária brasileira apresentam maior relevância do que o baixo custo e as competências locais em desenvolvimento de produtos. Identificou-se, também, que neste caso o produto modular influencia no processo de descentralização do DGP dependendo do tipo de estrutura deste último, ao contrário do identificado por pesquisas anteriores. Por fim, é elaborada uma proposta de relação entre tipo de estrutura de DGP e a utilização ou não de projeto modular. / In recent decades the development of new products has become the industrial competitiveness focus and, it is in this environment, that the current literature identifies several cases which indicate a strong trend of product development decentralization in a global sphere. Thus, this study intent to, through a single case study, analyzes the decentralization process of new products global development (PGD) used by a company from the automotive industry acting at the commercial vehicles sector. The study focuses on the research of the factors that encourage the decentralization of PGD and its causes, based on existing theory. As main conclusions, it is possible to mention that the commercial vehicles sector reacts similarly to other sectors such as telecommunications, in which factors such as interest in the local market and historical aspects of evolution of the Brazilian subsidiary have more relevance than the low cost and local skills in product development, unlike the current literature on this topic. It was also identified, in this case, that the modular product influences the PGD decentralization process depending on its structure, unlike identified by previous studies. Finally, the author developed a proposal which describes the relation between the PGD type of structure and the use (or not) of modular design.
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