Este estudo apresenta aspectos relevantes do projeto de desenvolvimento de produto, para produtos que tenham serviços associados com a finalidade de aumento da percepção de valor. Partiu-se da constatação da realidade de mercado de que cada vez mais as indústrias, tradicionalmente reconhecidas pela qualidade tangível de seus produtos, passam a se preocupar com a associação de serviços a esses produtos. O atendimento das necessidades do consumidor com um sistema composto por bens tangíveis e intangíveis passa a ser um diferencial competitivo. Para se identificar os aspectos relevantes relacionados a serviço em um projeto de desenvolvimento de produto, inicialmente realizou-se a revisão bibliográfica sobre metodologias de desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços, de gestão de projeto e de conceitos relacionados a serviços. Os objetivos desta etapa foram o alinhamento de alguns conceitos relacionados ao trabalho e o conhecimento detalhado de tópicos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de serviços associado a produtos. Após este embasamento teórico, realizaram-se estudos de casos com cinco empresas. O objetivo foi identificar como, na prática, as empresas estão tratando o assunto serviço no desenvolvimento de produtos. Estes estudos de caso foram realizados em indústrias alimentícias que atuam no Brasil. O passo seguinte foi fazer considerações sobre as alterações que devem ser realizadas em estratégia, processos e estrutura para se obter o desenvolvimento de produtos com diferencial de serviços de maneira mais eficiente. A conclusão a que se chegou é que se forem realizadas algumas ações relativas à estratégia da empresa, aos processos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de produto e à estrutura que suporta esses processos, podem ser gerados sistemas compostos por produtos e serviços de destaque no mercado. As ações necessárias para o melhor uso de serviços como diferencial competitivo são descritas e os possíveis impactos nas empresas estudadas são apresentados. / This essay presents aspects of product development, taking into account products with associated services whose end-target is the increase of the product\'s value perception. The study stems from the findings that several industries, traditionally recognized for the quality of their tangible products, have progressively been concerned with the services related to their products. Consequently, the ability to duly cater for the consumer\'s needs with a system composed of tangible and intangible parts becomes a competitive differential. In order to identify relevant aspects related to services in product development, initially it was held a literature review on product and service development methodologies, project management and topics related to services. At this stage, some concepts were defined together with some detailed knowledge concerning development of services associated with products. Following this theoretical basis, case studies were performed with five companies. At this stage the objective was to identify how, in practice, those companies were addressing the issue of product service system development. Those case studies were conducted within Brazilian food industries. The next step was to make comments on the changes which, in the strategy, process and structure, would contribute more efficiently to develop products aiming at the differential in services. Such comments led to the conclusion that some actions related to company`s strategy, product development process and structure, once they are performed, they can generate systems composed of more competitive products and services for the market. Lastly, the necessary actions for a better usage of service as competitive differential are described and some foreseeable impacts are presented.

Este estudo apresenta aspectos relevantes do projeto de desenvolvimento de produto, para produtos que tenham serviços associados com a finalidade de aumento da percepção de valor. Partiu-se da constatação da realidade de mercado de que cada vez mais as indústrias, tradicionalmente reconhecidas pela qualidade tangível de seus produtos, passam a se preocupar com a associação de serviços a esses produtos. O atendimento das necessidades do consumidor com um sistema composto por bens tangíveis e intangíveis passa a ser um diferencial competitivo. Para se identificar os aspectos relevantes relacionados a serviço em um projeto de desenvolvimento de produto, inicialmente realizou-se a revisão bibliográfica sobre metodologias de desenvolvimento de produtos e serviços, de gestão de projeto e de conceitos relacionados a serviços. Os objetivos desta etapa foram o alinhamento de alguns conceitos relacionados ao trabalho e o conhecimento detalhado de tópicos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de serviços associado a produtos. Após este embasamento teórico, realizaram-se estudos de casos com cinco empresas. O objetivo foi identificar como, na prática, as empresas estão tratando o assunto serviço no desenvolvimento de produtos. Estes estudos de caso foram realizados em indústrias alimentícias que atuam no Brasil. O passo seguinte foi fazer considerações sobre as alterações que devem ser realizadas em estratégia, processos e estrutura para se obter o desenvolvimento de produtos com diferencial de serviços de maneira mais eficiente. A conclusão a que se chegou é que se forem realizadas algumas ações relativas à estratégia da empresa, aos processos relacionados ao desenvolvimento de produto e à estrutura que suporta esses processos, podem ser gerados sistemas compostos por produtos e serviços de destaque no mercado. As ações necessárias para o melhor uso de serviços como diferencial competitivo são descritas e os possíveis impactos nas empresas estudadas são apresentados. / This essay presents aspects of product development, taking into account products with associated services whose end-target is the increase of the product\'s value perception. The study stems from the findings that several industries, traditionally recognized for the quality of their tangible products, have progressively been concerned with the services related to their products. Consequently, the ability to duly cater for the consumer\'s needs with a system composed of tangible and intangible parts becomes a competitive differential. In order to identify relevant aspects related to services in product development, initially it was held a literature review on product and service development methodologies, project management and topics related to services. At this stage, some concepts were defined together with some detailed knowledge concerning development of services associated with products. Following this theoretical basis, case studies were performed with five companies. At this stage the objective was to identify how, in practice, those companies were addressing the issue of product service system development. Those case studies were conducted within Brazilian food industries. The next step was to make comments on the changes which, in the strategy, process and structure, would contribute more efficiently to develop products aiming at the differential in services. Such comments led to the conclusion that some actions related to company`s strategy, product development process and structure, once they are performed, they can generate systems composed of more competitive products and services for the market. Lastly, the necessary actions for a better usage of service as competitive differential are described and some foreseeable impacts are presented.

Climate change is connected to several negative effects on local environments around the globe such as, longer, and more intense droughts, less freshwater supplies, ocean warming, sea level rise, polar ice melting, more intense storms, and rainfall (NASA, 2021).  These problems are mainly due to the increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as well as other greenhouse gases (GHG) which cause a similar or stronger climate change effect (WWF, 2021). Practically all climate researchers agree that climate change is caused by human activities (WWF, 2021), as such human activities will have to change to reduce their climate impact. One possible approach to achieve sustainable products is the concept of a circular economy (CE). The proponents of a circular economy describe it as an economic or industrial system which is restorative by its design (EMF, 2010). Currently there is a substantial body of knowledge on how LCA can be used to guide product design in a sustainable direction.  However, as of yet there are limited academic research focused on how environmental assessment can impact the design of Vertical Access Equipment (VAE) and of similar products. This thesis aims to support the VAE sector’s transition towards a CE. The objective of this study was to understand and provide improvement suggestions for the environmental performance and energy use of VAE. This Involved a case study where a LCA was conducted to establish a baseline of four VAE products, a construction hoist, a service lift, an industrial elevator, and a BMU. The results of the initial LCA varied greatly depending on the different products and their use case. Guided by the LCA results, semi-structured workshops were held to find feasible improvement suggestions whose impacts were investigated using LCA once more. Feasible and substantial improvements focusing on the products high impact areas were found for all products. For the construction hoist improvements regarding eliminating waste in the lifting work was most impactful, whilst the service lift required optimizing of maintenance and use of sensors to reduce the maintenance time. For the industrial elevator and the BMU, measures which focused on reducing virgin material extraction showed most promise, such as lifespan extension, remanufacturing, and use of recycled materials. / Mistra REES

To decouple ever-increasing production and the related environmental impacts, collaborative use of products and product-service-systems including rental services can help to intensify the use of products during their designed lifetimes. While these approaches present potential to decrease environmental impacts compared to traditional linear product sales, they need to be assessed with a holistic scope to avoid counterintuitive trade-offs. This study evaluates the potential environment impacts of Husqvarna’s tool rental service with a hypothetical case example from Stockholm, Sweden. The objectives are to analyse the potential environmental impacts of the rental service, to identify hotspots for improvement and to compare the potential impacts of the rental system to a sales alternative. The annual service of one electric chainsaw is analysed using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology with different user scenarios. The potential impacts are analysed for global warming potential, fossil and mineral resource scarcity, marine ecotoxicity and human carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic toxicity. The analysis for the rental system shows that user transport back-and-forth to the rental service is a key contributor to all the environmental impacts analysed, if done by private cars. The comparative results to sales business model indicate that while the rental service can help to reduce the potential impacts in mineral resource scarcity and toxicities due to the lower number of products needed, the user transport may outweigh the potential improvements in global warming potential and fossil resource scarcity, depending on the distances and modes of transport. Different scenarios illustrate that the results are however sensitive to the assumptions made. Based on the results, it can be recommended to optimally place the service close to the users and to take efforts to reduce user transports around the service, to reach the environmental potential of the service. The sensitivity analyses also indicate the importance for accounting detailed data for LCAs for product-service-systems and covering the service holistically in system boundaries. Further studies on user behaviour are suggested to reach more robust analyses on consumer services, to cover also potential rebound effects. / Gemensam konsumtion av produkter kan minska dess miljöpåverkan, sett över produktens livstid, genom intensifiering av produktanvändning och minskad nyproduktion. Även om detta koncept har potential att minska miljöpåverkan, jämfört med traditionell linjär produktförsäljning, måste det granskas på ett systematiskt sätt. Denna studie utvärderar den potentiella miljöpåverkan av ett verktygshyrningssystem av Husqvarna med ett hypotetiskt exempel från Stockholm, Sverige. Målen är att analysera den potentiella miljöpåverkan av hyrestjänsten, identifiera förbättringspunkter och jämföra de potentiella effekterna av hyressystemet med ett försäljningsalternativ. Miljöpåverkan av en motorsåg under ett år är analyserad genom livscykelanalysmetod med olika scenarier. Analysen för hyressystemet visar att den högsta miljöpåverkan kommer från transporten av användare fram och tillbaka till hyresdepån, om transporten är gjord med personbilar. Resultaten indikerar att hyrestjänsten kan bidra till att minska potentiella effekter av mineralresursbrist och toxicitet, jämfört med försäljningsmodellen, på grund av det lägre antal producerade produkter. Hyrestjänsten kan dock riskera att öka växthuseffekten och påverkan på fossilresursbrist, beroende på transportens längd och transportsätt. Olika scenarier illustrerar att resultaten är känsliga för andantagen. Resultaten visar att det kan rekommenderas att placera tjänsten optimalt nära användarna och att försöka minska användartransporten runt tjänsten för att nå tjänstens optimala miljöpotential. Känslighetsanalyserna indikerar också att detaljerade data och omfattande systemgränser är viktiga med LCA studier om produktrelaterade tjänster. Ytterligare studier om användarbeteende föreslås för att nå mer robusta analyser av konsumenttjänster, för att utvärdera även potentiella rekyl-effekter.

Driven by the highly cyclical nature of their increasingly commoditised product offerings, many capital goods manufacturers are seeing the benefits of delivering services integrated with their core product offerings. Whilst existing research is almost unanimous in advocating the value of a servitization strategy, understanding how these product-service systems (PSSs) can be developed and delivered remains a significant challenge. The closely related PSS field, which has its heritage in the environmental and social science disciplines, is more mature in this area and a number of models have been proposed. The research reported within this thesis contributes to knowledge by investigating whether the approaches to PSS development, reported within the PSS literature, reflects the PSS development practice of servitized manufacturers. More specifically, soft systems methodology was used to explore the delivery of PSSs within the UK railway industry in order to gain an understanding of the implications for developing new PSSs. With this understanding, the existing approaches to PSS development were evaluated with respect to one servitized manufacturer through an in-depth single case study. The findings highlighted a number of significant differences between the practice of the servitized manufacturer and the literature. A survey was used to investigate whether the differences were generalisable to a larger sample of servitized manufacturers. The findings point towards the simplification of the reported phases within PSS development and the inclusion of a number of previously unreported processes and activities. Based on these results a new model of PSS development is proposed to better reflect the practice of servitized manufacturers. The model, consisting of four phases and seventeen processes, was operationalised in the form of a workbook and tested through application. Applying the workbook resulted in the successful creation of a number of new PSS concepts.

Although they lead to several potential sustainability benefits, product-service systems are not intrinsically sustainable. Therefore, this thesis investigates the factors designers should consider in order to ensure sustainable results. A systematic literature review on product-service system and sustainability is combined with three interviews with product-service system providers. The results are analysed through the application of the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development. The results of the systematic literature review show that there is no unified definition of sustainable product-service system and multiple approaches to address sustainability in product-service system design. By adopting the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development, a definition of sustainable product-service system and a list of design criteria are developed. This thesis suggests which overarching aspects product-service system designers should consider to integrate a strategic sustainability perspective. The outcome of this thesis supports designers in understanding what a sustainable product-service system could be and what elements it should embed. By combining the definition and the list of criteria, designers can apply a systematic and strategic approach to integrate sustainability in product-service system offerings.

Les Systèmes Produit-Service (PSS) résultent d'une intégration de composants hétérogènes couvrant à la fois des aspects matériels et immatériels (mécanique, électrique,logiciel, processus, organisation, etc.). Le processus de développement d’un PSS est fortement collaboratif impliquant des acteurs métier très variés.Ce caractère interdisciplinaire nécessite des référentiels sémantiques standardisés pour gérer la multitude des points de vue métier et faciliter l’intégration de tous les composants hétérogènes dans un système unique. Ceci est encore plus complexe dans le cas des PSS personnalisables, majoritaires dans le milieu industriel. Malgré les nombreuses méthodologies dans littérature, la gestion des processus de développement du PSS reste encore limitée face à cette complexité. Dans ce contexte, l'Ingénierie des systèmes (IS) pourrait être une solution avantageuse au regard de ses qualités bien prouvé pour la modélisation et la gestion de systèmes complexes. Cette thèse vise à explorer le potentiel d'utilisation de l'Ingénierie des systèmes (IS) comme fondement conceptuel pour représenter d’une façon intégrée tous les différents points de vue métier associés au cycle de vie du PSS. Dans ce cadre, un méta-modèle de PSS est proposé et exemplifié dans des cas industriels. Un modèle ontologique est aussi présenté comme une application d’une partie des modèles pour structurer le référentiel commun de la plateforme ICP4Life. / Product-service systems (PSS) result from the integration of heterogeneous components covering both tangible and intangible aspects(mechanical, electrical, software, process, organization, etc.). The process of developing PSS is highly collaborative involving a wide variety of stakeholders. This interdisciplinary nature requires standardized semantic repositories to handle the multitude of business views and facilitate the integration of all heterogeneous components into a single system. This is even more complex in the case of customizable PSS in the industrial sector. Despite the many methodologies in literature, the management of the development processes of the PSS is still limited to face this complexity. In this context, Systems Engineering (SE) could bean advantageous solution in terms of its proven qualities for the modeling and management of complex systems. This thesis aims at exploring the potentials of Systems Engineering (SE) as a conceptual foundation to represent various different business perspectives associated with the life cycle of the PSS. In this context, a meta-model for PSS is proposed and verified in industrial cases. An ontological model is also presented as an application of a part of the model to structure the common repository of the ICP4Life platform.

A comercialização de sistemas compostos de produtos e serviços é a estratégia atual de muitas empresas da indústria de bens de capital, que passam a oferecer Sistemas Produto-Serviço Industrial (IPS2) como meio de aumento do valor entregue aos seus clientes e de melhoria da competitividade de suas ofertas. Essa transição implica em mudanças fundamentais na forma de desenvolver e comercializar ofertas e, portanto, o projeto de um modelo de negócio adequado deve ser o primeiro passo para empresas fornecedoras de IPS2. No entanto, a falta de metodologias específicas para essa finalidade inviabiliza o desenvolvimento de modelos de negócio adequados à IPS2. Nesse contexto, é proposto um framework para o design de modelos de negócio para comercialização de um caso específico de IPS2, denominado aqui por terceirização in loco – no qual o fornecedor aloca seus bens de produção dentro das instalações físicas do cliente e assume todas as responsabilidades gerenciais e operacionais daquele sistema. Esse framework é resultado da sistematização da literatura focada em sistemas compostos de produtos e serviços com base nos elementos considerados pela literatura sobre modelos de negócio. Além disso, devido à extensão das responsabilidades assumidas pelos provedores desse tipo de oferta, é proposta a configuração do nível operacional do IPS2 complementar ao design do nível de modelo de negócio. Considerando que um IPS2 no caso de terceirização in loco pode ser entendido como um sistema de produção operado por um terceiro à organização cliente, a literatura sobre projeto de sistemas de produção foi utilizada para guiar o design do nível operacional dessas ofertas. A partir disso, foi proposta a utilização das ferramentas Mapa do Fluxo de Valor, Gráfico de Gantt e Diagrama de Espaguete com foco no nível operacional do ISP2. O framework resultante consiste na configuração de nove elementos: Visão de Valor, Segmento de Clientes, Proposta de Valor, Fluxo do Valor (que inclui o nível operacional), Recursos Necessários, Detalhamento de Responsabilidades, Estrutura de Custos, Fluxo de Receitas e Oferta de Valor. Esse framework foi aplicado em um estudo de caso, que avaliou a ferramenta e possibilitou direcionamentos para desenvolvimentos futuros. / The provision of Industrial Product Service Systems (IPS2) is the current strategy of many organizations that aim to increase both the added value for its customers and the competitiveness of their offering. The first step for these organizations should be the development of a business model appropriated for IPS2, as suggested by the literature. However, the lack of available methods specifically to develop such business models impedes the creation of adequate offerings. In this context, we propose a framework to aid enterprises to design business models for IPS2 in the case of \"on-site outsourcing\" – in which the provider allocates its production assets within the client\'s facilities and assumes all the managerial and operational responsibilities related to the IPS2. Our framework is the result of an arrangement of the literature focused on product-service systems based on the elements commonly used on business model design. In addition, due to the extended responsibilities assumed by the suppliers of an on-site outsourcing offering, we propose the configuration of the IPS2 on an operational level as a complement to the business model level design. The operational level was approached by the literature on production system design, as an on-site outsourcing IPS2 can be understood as a production system operated by a third party in the client\'s organization. The resulting framework consists on the configuration of nine elements: Value Vision, Customer Segment, Value Proposition, Value Stream (which includes the operational level), Resources, Responsibilities, Cost Structure, Revenue Flow and Value Offering. This framework was applied in a case study, which evaluated the framework and set directions for future developments.

Cada vez mais as empresas oferecem soluções completas a seus clientes, com parcelas de produto e serviço. Essa mudança na composição do portfólio das organizações vem ocorrendo por uma série de motivos, sejam relacionados às questões estratégicas, motivados por demandas do cliente, ou ainda, por tendências que visam menores impactos ambientais. Esta tese teve como objetivo identificar se a estruturação das empresas em relação à integração produto-serviço influencia os fatores motivadores para o PSS. A abordagem metodológica foi dividida em pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, a primeira para compreender a perspectiva do cliente e a segunda para avaliar os fatores motivadores para a adoção de um sistema produto-serviço (PSS) por prestadores. A pesquisa qualitativa foi realizada por meio de um estudo de caso nos laboratórios de um dos principais hospitais da América Latina. Os dados coletados apresentaram informações importantes sobre questões ambientais e coprodução. Para a pesquisa quantitativa, foi proposto um instrumento de pesquisa, com base em dados extraídos da literatura, para avaliar o construto Fatores Motivadores (FM) e a estruturação das empresas em relação à integração produto-serviço, operacionalizada por meio dos construtos Orientação de Uso do Produto (OUP) e Lógicas de Transição (LT). O instrumento foi submetido à validação de conteúdo e a pesquisa conduzida com média e alta gerência, de 81 empresas de setores distintos. Os dados foram processados e validados por análise fatorial exploratória e técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais com estimação pelo método Partial Least Squares (PLS), utilizando o software SMARTPLS 2.0. O construto Fatores Motivadores desdobrou-se em cinco variáveis latentes de primeira ordem: ambiental, cocriação, coprodução, portfólio e vantagem competitiva. As análises do modelo estrutural mostraram que há relacionamento significativo entre os Fatores Motivadores e as Lógicas de Transição, alterando-se à medida que se transida da lógica Produto-Dominante para a lógica Serviço-Dominante. Dentre as proposições da LT as que se destacaram foram Papel do Cliente, Envolvimento com o Cliente e Determinação e Significado do Valor. / Increasingly companies offer complete solutions to its customers which include products and services. This change in the organizations portfolio has been occurring due to a number of reasons, be it related to strategic issues, or driven by customer demands, or even to low environmental impact trends. This thesis aimed at identifying if companies structure in relation to their product-service integration influences the drivers for product-service systems (PSS) offer. The methodological approach was divided into qualitative and quantitative research, the first to understand the customer\'s perspective and the second to assess the drivers for the adoption of a product-service system (PSS) by providers. The qualitative research was conducted through a case study in the laboratories of one of the major Latin America hospitals. The data collected showed important information about environmental issues and co-production. For the quantitative research, a research instrument was proposed, based on data extracted from literature, to evaluate the Motivation Factors\' (FM) and the companies structuring in relation to product-service integration, operationalized through the constructs \'Product Use Orientation\' (OUP) and \'Transition Logics\' (LT). The instrument was submitted to content validation, and the research was conducted with middle and senior managers of 81 companies from different industries. The data were processed and validated by exploratory factor analysis technique and Structural Equation Modeling with the estimation method Partial Least Squares (PLS) using the software SmartPLS 2.0. The construct FM unfolded in five first-order latent variables: environmental, co-creation, co-production, portfolio and competitive advantage. The structural model analysis showed significant relationship between Motivation Factors and Transition Logics, which changes while it moves from Goods-Dominant Logic to Service-Dominant Logic. Among LT propositions most relevant are: Customers Role, Engagement with the Customer and Value Determination and Meaning.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-10-02T15:15:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Albornoz Cutin_.pdf: 7029333 bytes, checksum: 4d860679c9aa06afa62aa8f896a6950d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-02T15:15:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Albornoz Cutin_.pdf: 7029333 bytes, checksum: 4d860679c9aa06afa62aa8f896a6950d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-23 / UNISINOS - Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / O presente trabalho pretende ampliar o conhecimento relacionado ao desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais na infância, principalmente no que está nas capacidades do design. A fim de auxiliar os profissionais desta área a desenvolverem projetos com maior propriedade sobre o tema, buscou-se compreender como se dá o processo de projetar personagens que estimulem o desenvolvimento das HS e como projetar um SPS dessas personagens, nos quais todos elementos auxiliem nesse desenvolvimento. Foram pesquisados todos os temas considerados importantes para o desenvolvimento da atividade projetual (Design Estratégico e Sistema Produto Serviço / Personagem: Design e Construção / Brinquedos, Personagens e as Habilidades Sociais). O workshop foi realizado com profissionais das áreas de: design, psicologia e comunicação. As atividades foram elaboradas, coordenadas e avaliadas por um conselho. Ao final foram desenvolvidas duas personagens (Golf e Ploft) com seus respectivos SPS. / This paper aims to expand knowledge related to the development of social skills in childhood, especially on what is in the capabilities of the design. In order to assist professionals in this area to develop projects with greater ownership of the issue, we sought to understand how is the process of designing characters that encourage the development of Social Skills (SS) and how to design a PSS these characters, in which all elements assist in the SS development. It has been researched all issues considered important for the development of design activity / workshop (Strategic Design and Product System and Service / Character: Design and Construction / Toys, Character and Social Skills). The workshop was held with professionals in the areas of: design, psychology and communication. The activities were designed, coordinated and evaluated by a board. At the end it was developed two characters (Golf and Ploft) with their SPS.