The thesis analyses manufacturing process of wooden handles as a component part of bench chisels. The introductory part summarizes basic theoretical knowledge regarding production process, production preparation, production management and cycle, as well as layout of the workplace. The main part focuses on analysis of wooden handle production with the use of in-dustrial engineering methodology. Analysis of material flow, workplace arrangement, methodics 5S, low-cost automation, pull system, Kanban and utilization of waste were carried out in order to find improvement possibilities in the wooden handles production. Solutions for better production efficiency and increase of production capacity are proposed from the findings of this thesis.

O processo de internacionalização das empresas é um fenômeno complexo, que depende de uma série de fatores inter-relacionados tanto no ambiente interno quanto externo à organização. Nesse contexto, a realidade sócio-cultural, política e econômica na região de origem parecem exercer influência significativa sobre a forma e os motivos que levam as organizações a atuarem no mercado externo. Supondo-se tal premissa verdadeira, tornar-se-ia correto afirmar que o processo de internacionalização de empresas localizadas em determinadas regiões geográficas apresenta semelhanças decorrentes da sua realidade comum. Com base nesta argumentação, o presente trabalho teve o intuito de identificar nas cinco maiores empresas da Serra Gaúcha evidências confirmatórias da proposição em questão. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando-se como base metodológica o estudo multicaso. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com o principal executivo de comércio internacional em cada uma das empresas escolhidas, além de uma extensa pesquisa documental em publicações e registros históricos. A análise dos resultados foi realizada de acordo com os princípios da análise de conteúdo, utilizando-se mais especificamente das técnicas de análise temática de um texto, propostas por Bardin (2004). As análises foram realizadas, ainda, à luz das principais teorias e estudos da internacionalização das empresas, com ênfase nos modelos de Uppsala e do Paradigma Eclético. Os resultados demonstraram que o contexto sócio-cultural, político e econômico na região de origem foram determinantes como estímulos iniciais para a internacionalização das empresas estudadas e nas suas estratégias de entrada nos primeiros mercados estrangeiros. Porém, essa influência foi tornando-se menor conforme seu grau de internacionalização aumentava. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-29T16:47:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Fabio Verruck.pdf: 888786 bytes, checksum: 3b30e81d17b3c167f5432c6fec6a9d1a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-29T16:47:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Fabio Verruck.pdf: 888786 bytes, checksum: 3b30e81d17b3c167f5432c6fec6a9d1a (MD5) / The internationalization process of companies is a complex phenomenon that depends on a number of interrelated factors in the environment both internal and external to the organization. Considering this, the socio-cultural, political and economic context in the company´s country of origin seems to influence the reasons why organizations go to international markets as well as the way they do it. Assuming this premise as true, it would be correct to say that the internationalization process of companies located in different geographical regions has similarities due to their common reality. Thus, the present study intents to identify confirmatory evidences of this proposition among the five largest companies established in Brazil´s Serra Gaucha. In order to accomplish this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted, using the multicase study methodology. In-depth interviews with the chief executive of international trade in each one of the companies chosen were realized, additionally to an extensive documentary research in publications and historical records. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the principles of content analysis, using more specifically thematic analysis techniques, as in Bardin (2004). The tests were performed considering the major theories and studies of the internationalization of companies, with emphasis on Uppsala and Eclectic Paradigm models. The results showed that the sociocultural, political and economic context in the region of origin were crucial as the initial inducements for the internationalization process of the companies studied and their entry strategies in the first foreign markets. However, this influence was becoming smaller as the degree of internationalization increased.

Presently, companies live a reality of rapid economic transformations generated by globalization. The growth of the products and services international trade, the constant exchange of information and the cultural interchange challenge administrators to define new paths for their companies. This dynamics and the increasing competitiveness demand new knowledge and abilities from professionals. In this way, new technologies are researched in order to improve operational efficiency. The Brazilian oil industry in particular has invested in applied research, as well as on development and technological qualification to keep its competitiveness in the international market. Many are the problems that must still be studied in this production sector. Among these, and due their importance, the problems of products storage and transference can be pointed out. This work approaches a scheduling problem that involves diesel oil storage and distribution in an oil refinery. The Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) techniques with representation in the discrete and continuous time were used. The models that were developed were solved by the LINGO 8.0 software, using the branch and bound algorithm. However, due to their combinatorial nature, the expended computational time used for thesolution was excessive. Thus, four new methodologies were developed: Hybrid Steady State Genetic Algorithm (HSSGA) and Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm, both integrated to Linear Programming (LP), for the representation of discrete time; simulation with optimization using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and simulation with optimization using the Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm, for the representation of continuous time. The results obtained through several tests with these new methodologies have shown that they can reach good results in an acceptable computational time. The two techniques for the representation of discrete time have shown satisfactory performance in terms of quality of solution and computational time. Among these, the methodology that uses the Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm showed the best results. Also, the simulator with optimization using GA and the one that used the Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm for the representation of continuous time were adequate to substitute the resolution through PLIM, because they reach solutions with a reduced computational time when compared with the time used for the solution with branch and bound. / As empresas vivem hoje uma realidade de transformações econômicas advindas da globalização. O crescimento do comércio internacional de produtos e serviços, a troca constante de informações e o intercâmbio cultural vêm desafiando os administradores a definir novos rumos para suas empresas. Esta dinâmica e a crescente competitividade exigem novos conhecimentos e habilidades dos profissionais. Desta forma, buscam-se novas tecnologias para conseguir-se a melhoria da eficiência operacional. Em especial, a indústria petrolífera brasileira tem investido na pesquisa aplicada, desenvolvimento e capacitação tecnológica para manter-se competitiva no mercado internacional. Muitos são os problemas que ainda devem ser estudados neste setor produtivo. Dentre estes, pode-se destacar os problemas de transferência e estocagem de produtos. Este trabalho aborda um problema de programação da produção (scheduling) envolvendo estocagem e distribuição de diesel em uma refinaria de petróleo. Para solucionar este problema foram utilizados a princípio modelos de Programação Linear Inteira Mista (PLIM) com abordagens para a representação no tempo discreto e contínuo. Os modelos desenvolvidos foram resolvidos com o uso do aplicativo computacional LINGO 8.0 através do algoritmo branch and bound. Devido à natureza combinatorial destes, o tempo computacional despendido na resolução mostrou-se excessivo. Desta forma, foram desenvolvidas quatro novas metodologias buscando amenizar este problema: Algoritmo Genético de Estado Estacionário Híbrido (AGEEH) e Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG integrados à Programação Linear (PL) para a representação de tempo discreto; simulação com otimização através de Algoritmo Genético (AG) e simulação com otimização através de Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG na representação de tempo contínuo. Os resultados obtidos através de vários testes com as novas metodologias mostraram que estas podem encontrar bons resultados em tempo computacional aceitável. Para a representação de tempo discreto as duas abordagens obtiveram desempenho satisfatório em termos de qualidade de solução e tempo computacional. Dentre estas, a metodologia que utilizou o Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG apresentou os melhores resultados. Ainda, o simulador com otimização usando AG e o que utilizou Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG na representação de tempo contínuo mostraram-se adequados para substituir a resolução através de PLIM por encontrar soluções com tempo computacional muito aquém do tempo despendido na resolução com o branch and bound.

Presently, companies live a reality of rapid economic transformations generated by globalization. The growth of the products and services international trade, the constant exchange of information and the cultural interchange challenge administrators to define new paths for their companies. This dynamics and the increasing competitiveness demand new knowledge and abilities from professionals. In this way, new technologies are researched in order to improve operational efficiency. The Brazilian oil industry in particular has invested in applied research, as well as on development and technological qualification to keep its competitiveness in the international market. Many are the problems that must still be studied in this production sector. Among these, and due their importance, the problems of products storage and transference can be pointed out. This work approaches a scheduling problem that involves diesel oil storage and distribution in an oil refinery. The Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) techniques with representation in the discrete and continuous time were used. The models that were developed were solved by the LINGO 8.0 software, using the branch and bound algorithm. However, due to their combinatorial nature, the expended computational time used for thesolution was excessive. Thus, four new methodologies were developed: Hybrid Steady State Genetic Algorithm (HSSGA) and Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm, both integrated to Linear Programming (LP), for the representation of discrete time; simulation with optimization using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and simulation with optimization using the Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm, for the representation of continuous time. The results obtained through several tests with these new methodologies have shown that they can reach good results in an acceptable computational time. The two techniques for the representation of discrete time have shown satisfactory performance in terms of quality of solution and computational time. Among these, the methodology that uses the Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm showed the best results. Also, the simulator with optimization using GA and the one that used the Transgenetic ProtoG Algorithm for the representation of continuous time were adequate to substitute the resolution through PLIM, because they reach solutions with a reduced computational time when compared with the time used for the solution with branch and bound. / As empresas vivem hoje uma realidade de transformações econômicas advindas da globalização. O crescimento do comércio internacional de produtos e serviços, a troca constante de informações e o intercâmbio cultural vêm desafiando os administradores a definir novos rumos para suas empresas. Esta dinâmica e a crescente competitividade exigem novos conhecimentos e habilidades dos profissionais. Desta forma, buscam-se novas tecnologias para conseguir-se a melhoria da eficiência operacional. Em especial, a indústria petrolífera brasileira tem investido na pesquisa aplicada, desenvolvimento e capacitação tecnológica para manter-se competitiva no mercado internacional. Muitos são os problemas que ainda devem ser estudados neste setor produtivo. Dentre estes, pode-se destacar os problemas de transferência e estocagem de produtos. Este trabalho aborda um problema de programação da produção (scheduling) envolvendo estocagem e distribuição de diesel em uma refinaria de petróleo. Para solucionar este problema foram utilizados a princípio modelos de Programação Linear Inteira Mista (PLIM) com abordagens para a representação no tempo discreto e contínuo. Os modelos desenvolvidos foram resolvidos com o uso do aplicativo computacional LINGO 8.0 através do algoritmo branch and bound. Devido à natureza combinatorial destes, o tempo computacional despendido na resolução mostrou-se excessivo. Desta forma, foram desenvolvidas quatro novas metodologias buscando amenizar este problema: Algoritmo Genético de Estado Estacionário Híbrido (AGEEH) e Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG integrados à Programação Linear (PL) para a representação de tempo discreto; simulação com otimização através de Algoritmo Genético (AG) e simulação com otimização através de Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG na representação de tempo contínuo. Os resultados obtidos através de vários testes com as novas metodologias mostraram que estas podem encontrar bons resultados em tempo computacional aceitável. Para a representação de tempo discreto as duas abordagens obtiveram desempenho satisfatório em termos de qualidade de solução e tempo computacional. Dentre estas, a metodologia que utilizou o Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG apresentou os melhores resultados. Ainda, o simulador com otimização usando AG e o que utilizou Algoritmo Transgenético ProtoG na representação de tempo contínuo mostraram-se adequados para substituir a resolução através de PLIM por encontrar soluções com tempo computacional muito aquém do tempo despendido na resolução com o branch and bound.

O processo de internacionalização das empresas é um fenômeno complexo, que depende de uma série de fatores inter-relacionados tanto no ambiente interno quanto externo à organização. Nesse contexto, a realidade sócio-cultural, política e econômica na região de origem parecem exercer influência significativa sobre a forma e os motivos que levam as organizações a atuarem no mercado externo. Supondo-se tal premissa verdadeira, tornar-se-ia correto afirmar que o processo de internacionalização de empresas localizadas em determinadas regiões geográficas apresenta semelhanças decorrentes da sua realidade comum. Com base nesta argumentação, o presente trabalho teve o intuito de identificar nas cinco maiores empresas da Serra Gaúcha evidências confirmatórias da proposição em questão. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando-se como base metodológica o estudo multicaso. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com o principal executivo de comércio internacional em cada uma das empresas escolhidas, além de uma extensa pesquisa documental em publicações e registros históricos. A análise dos resultados foi realizada de acordo com os princípios da análise de conteúdo, utilizando-se mais especificamente das técnicas de análise temática de um texto, propostas por Bardin (2004). As análises foram realizadas, ainda, à luz das principais teorias e estudos da internacionalização das empresas, com ênfase nos modelos de Uppsala e do Paradigma Eclético. Os resultados demonstraram que o contexto sócio-cultural, político e econômico na região de origem foram determinantes como estímulos iniciais para a internacionalização das empresas estudadas e nas suas estratégias de entrada nos primeiros mercados estrangeiros. Porém, essa influência foi tornando-se menor conforme seu grau de internacionalização aumentava. / The internationalization process of companies is a complex phenomenon that depends on a number of interrelated factors in the environment both internal and external to the organization. Considering this, the socio-cultural, political and economic context in the company´s country of origin seems to influence the reasons why organizations go to international markets as well as the way they do it. Assuming this premise as true, it would be correct to say that the internationalization process of companies located in different geographical regions has similarities due to their common reality. Thus, the present study intents to identify confirmatory evidences of this proposition among the five largest companies established in Brazil´s Serra Gaucha. In order to accomplish this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted, using the multicase study methodology. In-depth interviews with the chief executive of international trade in each one of the companies chosen were realized, additionally to an extensive documentary research in publications and historical records. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the principles of content analysis, using more specifically thematic analysis techniques, as in Bardin (2004). The tests were performed considering the major theories and studies of the internationalization of companies, with emphasis on Uppsala and Eclectic Paradigm models. The results showed that the sociocultural, political and economic context in the region of origin were crucial as the initial inducements for the internationalization process of the companies studied and their entry strategies in the first foreign markets. However, this influence was becoming smaller as the degree of internationalization increased.

La investigación está orientada al diseño e implementación de un Modelo Integrado de Gestión de la Producción para la fabricación de llaves de cerradura, este modelo integra la teoría de restricciones para resolver los cuellos de botella y utiliza algunas herramientas de Lean Manufacturing para eliminar los desperdicios que se generan en los procesos que generan los cuellos de botella. El objetivo de la aplicación del modelo es el mejorar la productividad de la línea de fabricación de llaves de cerradura, la reducción de costos mediante la mejora de la eficiencia de sus procesos que permitan a la empresa ser más competitiva en el mercado. The research is focused on the design and implementation of an integrated management of production for the manufacture of keys lock model, this model integrates the theory of constraints to solve bottlenecks and used some tools of lean manufacturing to eliminate waste that is generated in the processes that create bottlenecks. The purpose of applying the model is to improve the productivity of the manufacturing line lock keys, reducing costs by improving the efficiency of their processes that enable the company to be more competitive in the market.

This thesis focuses in production business and its management. Theses propose and describe a manufacturing process for particular product. Production process is based on an analysis of final product. Production is scheduled in process form, so it includes process maps of production stages. Simultaneously with the planning, it also determines human needs for production, and calculation of its economics. Thesis also deals with the issue of product quality and suggests way to ensure quality in production.

No description available.

Les travaux de cette thèse sont articulés autour du problème d’ordonnancement de tâches dans un type d’atelier de structure complexe peu étudié dans la littérature. Cet atelier est de composition hybride : chaque étage de l’atelier a une ou plusieurs machines. Les principales contraintes considérées sont le traitement par lots et la minimisation du retard total. Les méthodes de résolution de ce problème sont intégrées dans les systèmes d’aide à la décision du programme de recherche du Groupe SouffletEtant donné la structure complexe du type d’atelier considéré, nous avons décomposé ce dernier afin d’étudier plus particulièrement le problème d’ordonnancement sur machines parallèles identiques. Différentes méthodes de résolution sont testées. Les résultats sont analysés afin de proposer une classification d’instances et de méthodes de résolution. Les problèmes étudiés sont résolus de manière exacte et approchée. Différentes méthodes ont été testées : des recherches itératives, des algorithmes tabous, des méthodes évolutionnaires. Les conclusions de la résolution du problème d’ordonnancement des machines parallèles sont utilisées pour construire des méthodes à deux niveaux pour le problème complexe d’ordonnancement. Les résultats montrent que les algorithmes trouvent des solutions de bonne qualité pour le problème traité. De la même manière, de problématiques industrielles similaires sont traitées, dans l’objectif d’optimiser le fonctionnement du centre de recherche / This thesis considers a complex workshop scheduling problem, which is rarely studied to our knowledge. This workshop has a hybrid composition : one or several machines are available at each stage. Main considered constraints are batch processing and total tardiness minimization. Solution methods are embedded on the information system of research program of Soufflet Group. Given the complex structure of the workshop, it has been split in order to study the parallel machines scheduling problem individually. Different solution methods are developed. Obtained results are used to build a classification of instances and solution methods. To solve described problems, exact and approach solution methods are proposed. We have adapted iterated search, tabu search, genetic algorithms, … Findings from solving parallel machines scheduling problem are employed to develop a two levels solution method for the described flow shop problem. Results show the performance of developed algorithms to find good quality solutions for described scheduling problem. Similarly, industrial problems are considered, in order to optimize operational behavior of research center

There are different views on the nature and content of strategies that ensure positive performance in the economic crisis environment. This has created the need for studies focusing on the relationship between strategies and performance in different economic crises. Manufacturing firms in Zimbabwe have experienced declining performance since 1996. It is against this background that this study examined the dimension of strategic orientations (as measures of strategies) exercised by firms to determine their relationship with performance during the economic crisis. Data on the various dimensions of strategic orientation was collected through questionnaires, while data on performance were collected through questionnaires and financial statements. The study sample was obtained through a stratified sampling technique which falls within the sphere of probability sampling methods. The multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between the six dimensions of strategic orientation and performance. The analysis dimension of strategic orientation was dominantly exercised by many firms. The analysis dimension of strategic orientation was also the most effective because it had a positive relationship with performance (positive profitability and growth). This makes the analysis dimension of strategic orientation relevant in economic crisis. The study showed that the pro-activeness dimension of strategic orientation focused by very few firms had a positive relationship with performance (positive profitability and growth) and hence making it relevant in economic crisis. Moreover, it was established that the relationship between aggressiveness and riskiness dimensions of strategic orientation was negative and hence less relevant in economic crisis. It is therefore recommended that, for manufacturing firms in Zimbabwe to survive, improve performance and ensure sustainability in the current economic crisis environment, they need to focus dominantly on the analysis and pro-activeness dimensions of strategic orientation. This requires firms to invest more in research and development, develop strategic partnerships with other firms, strong networks, innovative and creative capabilities. In addition, firms must avoid fighting competitors and taking risky decisions. This study considered firms that are currently operational and it is recommended that future studies consider firms that closed during the economic crisis to acquire a deeper understanding of the effective strategies in economic crisis. / Business Management / D.B.L.