A Odontologia do Trabalho vem ganhando espaço nos setores empresariais, uma vez que problemas bucais podem interferir de forma negativa no desempenho e na produtividade do trabalhador, além de afetar sua qualidade de vida. As pesquisas sobre produtividade no trabalho relacionadas à saúde vêm ganhando força nos últimos anos e possuem o absenteísmo e o presenteísmo como indicadores para mensuração. O absenteísmo tem uma mensuração mais acessível, já que o trabalhador não está em seu local de trabalho; porém o presenteísmo, que é caracterizado pela presença física do trabalhador em seu local de trabalho mesmo em condições que afetam negativamente sua produtividade, possui uma mensuração complexa. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revista da literatura sobre os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados para avaliar e mensurar a perda de produtividade no trabalho envolvendo o presenteísmo. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa sobre a perda de produtividade no trabalho causada pelo presenteísmo. A revista da literatura se deu a partir de pesquisas nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Pubmed, com a combinação dos seguintes descritores: [absenteeism], [productivity], [occupational health], [presenteeism] e [questionnaire]. Foram encontrados 25 instrumentos de pesquisa que avaliam a produtividade no trabalho através do absenteísmo e do presenteísmo, sendo que 5 mensuram somente o presenteísmo. Apenas o SPS-6 possui adaptação transcultural e validação na língua portuguesa brasileira. Nenhum instrumento de pesquisa sobre a perda de produtividade devido ao presenteísmo odontológico foi encontrado. Pode-se concluir que existem na literatura instrumentos confiáveis para a avaliação e mensuração do presenteísmo, porém faz-se necessário a elaboração de trabalhos relacionados com a Odontologia. / The Occupational Dentistry has been gaining ground in business sectors once that bucal problems can interfere in a negative way on the performance in the worker productivity, besides affecting their quality of life. Researches on work productivity related to health have been gaining strength in the last years and have absenteeism and presenteeism as indicators of measure. The absenteeism has more accessible measurement, since the worker is not in your workplace, however presenteeism is characterized by the physical presence of the worker at his workplace, even in conditions that negatively affect their productivity, has a complex way of measurement. Given this approach, the present study aims to conduct a literature review of the research instruments used to evaluate and measure the loss of productivity at work involving the presenteeism. This is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach to the loss of productivity in work caused by the presenteeism. The literature review occurred from research on the databases Lilacs, Medline and Pubmed with the combination of the following descriptors: [absenteeism], [productivity], [occupational health], [presenteeism] and [questionnaire]. Were found 25 survey instruments that evaluate the productivity at work involving the presenteeism, being that only 5 measure just the presenteeism. Solely the SPS-6 has cross-cultural adaptation and validation on Brazilian portuguese language. None instrument of research on productivity loss due to odontologic presenteeism was found. It can be concluded that exist reliable instruments in the literature for evaluation and measurement of the presenteeism, however it is necessary the development of dentistry related work.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the single largest cause of death in Australia. Lack of physical activity is a primary risk factor for CHD. The thesis aimed to quantify the efficacy of walking in reducing CHD risk. Meta-analyses were performed for the quantification with the application of random-effect meta-regression models. The thesis also aimed to quantify reductions in CHD-related direct healthcare costs, productivity loss and disease burden resulting from walking interventions in Australia, using the population attributable fraction model, the work and leisure models, and the consumer surplus model. Economic evaluations were also conducted to estimate CHD-related productivity loss using the human capital and the friction methods. The results indicated that 30 minutes of normal walking a day for 5-7 days a week compared to physical inactivity reduced CHD risk by 24%. There existed a dose-response relationship between walking and CHD risk reduction. An increment of approximately 30 minutes of normal walking a day for 5 days a week reduced CHD risk by 19%. The annual productivity loss resulting from CHD was estimated at AU$1.79 billion based on the human capital method and AU$25.05 million under the friction method. 30 minutes of normal walking a day for 5-7 days a week by the country???s ???sufficient??? walking population was shown to generate an estimated $126.73 million in net direct healthcare savings annually. The net economic savings could increase to AU$419.9 million if the whole inactive population engaged in ???sufficient??? walking. The study also found that 30 minutes of normal walking a day for 5-7 days a week reduced the burden of CHD by an estimated 25,065 DALYs and the productivity loss by AU$162.65 million annually under the leisure model. If the whole inactive population engaged in such walking, the total disease burden and productivity loss could be reduced by approximately one third. The findings present epidemiological and economic evidence in support of the national physical activity guidelines, which encourage the general public to engage in moderate physical activity including walking for a minimum of 30 minutes a day for 5-7 days a week.

A Odontologia do Trabalho vem ganhando espaço nos setores empresariais, uma vez que problemas bucais podem interferir de forma negativa no desempenho e na produtividade do trabalhador, além de afetar sua qualidade de vida. As pesquisas sobre produtividade no trabalho relacionadas à saúde vêm ganhando força nos últimos anos e possuem o absenteísmo e o presenteísmo como indicadores para mensuração. O absenteísmo tem uma mensuração mais acessível, já que o trabalhador não está em seu local de trabalho; porém o presenteísmo, que é caracterizado pela presença física do trabalhador em seu local de trabalho mesmo em condições que afetam negativamente sua produtividade, possui uma mensuração complexa. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revista da literatura sobre os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados para avaliar e mensurar a perda de produtividade no trabalho envolvendo o presenteísmo. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa sobre a perda de produtividade no trabalho causada pelo presenteísmo. A revista da literatura se deu a partir de pesquisas nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Pubmed, com a combinação dos seguintes descritores: [absenteeism], [productivity], [occupational health], [presenteeism] e [questionnaire]. Foram encontrados 25 instrumentos de pesquisa que avaliam a produtividade no trabalho através do absenteísmo e do presenteísmo, sendo que 5 mensuram somente o presenteísmo. Apenas o SPS-6 possui adaptação transcultural e validação na língua portuguesa brasileira. Nenhum instrumento de pesquisa sobre a perda de produtividade devido ao presenteísmo odontológico foi encontrado. Pode-se concluir que existem na literatura instrumentos confiáveis para a avaliação e mensuração do presenteísmo, porém faz-se necessário a elaboração de trabalhos relacionados com a Odontologia. / The Occupational Dentistry has been gaining ground in business sectors once that bucal problems can interfere in a negative way on the performance in the worker productivity, besides affecting their quality of life. Researches on work productivity related to health have been gaining strength in the last years and have absenteeism and presenteeism as indicators of measure. The absenteeism has more accessible measurement, since the worker is not in your workplace, however presenteeism is characterized by the physical presence of the worker at his workplace, even in conditions that negatively affect their productivity, has a complex way of measurement. Given this approach, the present study aims to conduct a literature review of the research instruments used to evaluate and measure the loss of productivity at work involving the presenteeism. This is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach to the loss of productivity in work caused by the presenteeism. The literature review occurred from research on the databases Lilacs, Medline and Pubmed with the combination of the following descriptors: [absenteeism], [productivity], [occupational health], [presenteeism] and [questionnaire]. Were found 25 survey instruments that evaluate the productivity at work involving the presenteeism, being that only 5 measure just the presenteeism. Solely the SPS-6 has cross-cultural adaptation and validation on Brazilian portuguese language. None instrument of research on productivity loss due to odontologic presenteeism was found. It can be concluded that exist reliable instruments in the literature for evaluation and measurement of the presenteeism, however it is necessary the development of dentistry related work.

Aim: The dual aims of this descriptive cross-sectional study were: 1) to assess the prevalence of eye-and visual symptoms among a population of office workers and; 2) to analyse if these symptoms were associated with self-assessed productivity. Method: A questionnaire consisting of the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire, Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Scale and the Work Limitations Questionnaire was provided to each employee. Descriptive statistics on the number of individuals classified as eye-and visual symptom cases was computed. Multiple logistic regressions analyses were performed on the individual eye-and visual symptom scores as independent variables with the self-assessed productivity limitation scores as the dependent variable. Main result: Out of 127 office workers, 76 answered the questionnaire (60% response rate). The estimated prevalence’s of eye- and visual symptoms were 73% (95% CI: 61−83%) for Computer Vision Syndrome and 32% (95% CI: 21−43%) for Convergence Insufficiency-related symptoms. The multiple regression analyses revealed strong positive associations between eye/visual symptoms and productivity limitations for both Computer Vision Syndrome scores (p<0.001, r2=0,22) and Convergence Insufficiency-related symptoms scores (p<0.001, r2=0,39). Conclusions: Symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome and Convergence Insufficiency were both prevalent, the former more so than the later. These symptoms were both strongly associated with limitations in self-assessed productivity. More research efforts are warranted to replicate and explore these work and health associations. / Syfte: Det första syftet i studien var att uppskatta prevalensen av Computer Vision Syndrome och symtom relaterade till konvergensinsufficiens i en population av kontorsarbetare. Det andra syftet var att analysera om det fanns ett samband mellan dessa symtom och självskattad produktivitetsförlust eller inte. Metod: En kvantitativ enkätstudie med tvärsnittsdesign genomfördes med följande enkätinstrument: Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire, Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Scale and Work Limitations Questionnaire. Deskriptiv statistik beräknades för prevalenserna av antalet fall som var drabbade av respektive arbetshälsoproblem. Två separata multipla regressionsanalyser genomfördes dessutom. Huvudresultat: 76 kontorsarbetare svarade på enkäten (60 % svarsfrekvens). Den uppskattade prevalensen av Computer Vision Syndrome var 73% (95% CI: 61−83%) och av symtom relaterade till konvergensinsufficiens var 32% (95% CI: 21−43%). De multipla regressionsanalyserna visade statistiskt signifikanta (p < 0,001) samband mellan både Computer Vision Syndrome och symtom relaterade till konvergensinsufficiens, med självskattad produktivitetsförlust. Ju mer synsymtom en person skattade, desto högre var den självskattade produktivitetsförlusten. Slutsats: Nästan tre fjärdedelar av kontorsarbetarna hade Computer Vision Syndrome och en tredjedel uppgav symtom relaterade till konvergensinsufficiens. Detta är ett arbetshälsoproblem för de drabbade kontorsarbetarna som behöver åtgärdas, både för de möjliga arbetshälsovinsterna för arbetstagarna och för de möjliga produktivitetsvinsterna för företagen. Större studier behövs för att bekräfta och vidare analysera sambanden mellan synhälsa och arbetsproduktivitet.

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans la littérature relative au problème d'arbitrage durée, coût et qualité en gestion de projet. Nous développons un modèle d'accélération des projets de fabrication par le recours au travail temporaire et aux heures supplémentaires. Nous prenons en compte l'impact de la main d'œuvre additionnelle sur la durée via les pertes de productivité et sur la qualité des activités qui composent le projet. La qualité de toute activité est mesurée par le pourcentage d'items validés dans sa check-list de contrôle qualité. Nous proposons une formulation linéaire du problème de minimisation de la durée du projet sous contrainte de budget et de respect d'un seuil de qualité minimum pour chacune des activités que le projet comporte. Le programme d'optimisation mixte qui en résulte est appliqué au cas d'un projet de fabrication d'une motrice TGV et permet d'obtenir une planification prévisionnelle de la main d'œuvre pour atteindre la durée optimale d'exécution. Le modèle peut également être utilisé pour accélérer un projet en cours d'exécution ou à des fins plus stratégiques de dimensionnement des postes de travail. / We address the discrete time resource-constrained project scheduling problem in which each activity has a specified work content and its resource usage may vary from period to period. We consider temporary work and overtime as additional renewable resources for crashing the project. We assume that the project quality may be affected by crashing as well as its completion time through productivity loss due to overmanning. We develop a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model to minimise the makespan subject to a budget constraint and to acceptable quality levels for all activities so as to avoid rework. The proposed approach is applied to an actual manufacturing project of a very high speed train motor coach.