Purpose: the differences between projection and actual results are very common in most of the construction projects. The problems that seem to be most common appears in projection, communication, planning and documents but there are as well smaller areas to find in the study. The aim of the study is to investigate what differences can be found between the theoretical and actual time schedule and the problems that can appear in the construction industry. Method: The study is based on a literature study, two interviews and two case studies. The literature study gives an understanding of what has to be in consideration when planning a project. Detailed information about all the aspects gives a good base for the study. Two people that works with building planning were interviewed to give some better insight. First some general questions about building planning were asked to give a better understanding of the subject. Then questions were asked about the specific projects and what results they had. The case studies consist of two projects, one of them being “Nationalmuseet” and the other “Kulturhuset Stadsteatern”. Documentation about the projects were examined to evaluate the procedure and outcome. The projects were used to compare with the results from the interviews to see if there was any connection. Results: the project is presented by responses from both of the preformed interviews. Respondents describes the challenges with the design process and what kind of problems that often occurs during projects. The questions are asked regarding their design process and thoughts about time pressure, the use of programs as well as preferred forms of contracting. The interviews also provide an insight into how experience feedback and improvements addressed within the company. Conclusions: from the own study, most conclusions could be drawn regarding which factors influences the projection, what are the differences between the theoretical and actual result and how these differences can be reduced. With the help of the interview study, conclusions could be made based on experience and knowledge of which problem areas are common for construction industry at present.

Inom stora infrastrukturprojekt finns det en risk att saker inte går enligt plan. Detta kan bero på oförutsedda händelser och kan resultera i överskriden budget och/eller tidplan. Dessa oförutsedda händelser kan vara allt ifrån att det saknas ett godkännande att få påbörja ett bygge, till att vädret påverkar planerna. Denna rapport syftar till att undersöka de interorganisatoriska processerna i ett infrastrukturprojekt med fokus på samverkan, beslutsfattande och konsekvenser. Undersökningen baseras på tre frågeställningar kring detta. Det infrastrukturprojekt som valts att studeras i denna rapport är Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad (RBU). Rapporten är baserad på en litteraturstudie samt en empirisk studie. Inledningsvis gjordes en litteraturstudie för att bygga upp den teoretiska referensramen för arbetet. Här undersöktes allmän organisationsstruktur och beslutsprocesser i infrastrukturprojekt samt hur man kan optimera arbetssätten för att säkra kvaliteten i stora projekt. Vidare utfördes en kvalitativ semistrukturerad empirisk undersökning med fyra respondenter. Två respondenter är anställda inom beställarorganisationen och två är anställda av ett av de företag som anlitats som entreprenör inom ramen för projektet. Det empiriska resultatet jämfördes därefter kritiskt med teorin. Empirin visar att organisationen är strukturerad så att Landstingsfullmäktige, som består av politiker, fattar beslut. Under dem finns sponsor/sektionschef. Sedan finns en programledare och en biträdande programledare som var för sig ansvarar för en del av alla projekt och dess projektledare. Sponsorn ansvarar för alla beslut inom programmet och ändringar i budget går tillbaka till Landstingsfullmäktige för nytt beslut. Entreprenören, vars roll och rättigheter regleras främst genom kontrakt med beställaren, kommer in i projektet via upphandling först när genomförande fasen ska påbörjas. Vid planering av projekt som Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad görs en riskanalys vilket innebär att man lyfter alla risker och utifrån detta gör en åtgärdsplan och sätter en så kallad riskpeng som är ett extra utrymme i avtalet med entreprenören för att täcka eventuella extra kostnader. Det förekommer alltid förändringar och inom just Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad finns det ganska små marginaler då en överskriden tidplan kan innebära stora kostnader och påverkan på samhället i övrigt. Både entreprenör och beställare ser samma risker och har samma mål men olika syn på vilken som är den bästa och mest effektiva vägen dit. Gällande förberedelser för händelser som inträffar utanför planerad projektplan så arbetar man till stor del förebyggande, men det förekommer även situationer som inte går att förbereda sig för. För andra typer av händelser som inte omfattas av förberedande åtgärder krävs ibland nya beslut längs vägen. Dessa fattas av projektledaren som efter bästa förmåga anpassar sitt arbete och gör det bästa som går efter de förutsättningar som hen har att arbeta med. Med större infrastrukturprojekt, som Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad innefattar, förenklar det processen märkbart att som beställare ha stor insyn i de arbeten som utförs. / In large infrastructure projects, there is a risk that things will not go according to plan. This may be due to unforeseen events and may result in exceeding budget and/or time plan. These unforeseen events can be for example a lack of approval to start a construction, or the weather affecting the plans. This report aims to examine the inter-organizational processes in an infrastructure project with a focus on collaboration, decision making and consequences. The report is based on three questions around this. The infrastructure project chosen to study in this report is Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad (RBU). The report is based on a literature study and an empirical study. Initially, a literature study was conducted to build up the theoretical frame of reference for the work. Here, the general organizational structure and decision-making processes in infrastructure projects were examined, as well as how to optimize working methods to ensure quality in large projects. Furthermore, a qualitative semi-structured empirical study was conducted with four respondents. Two respondents are employed within the customer organization and two are employed by one of the companies hired as a contractor within the program. The empirical result was then critically compared with the theory. The empirical study shows that the organization is structured so that the Landstingsfullmäktige makes decisions. Under them is a sponsor/a department head. Then there is a program manager and a subsidiary program manager who are individually responsible for some of the projects. All project managers for each individual project respond to them. The sponsor is responsible for all decisions within the program and changes in the budget go back to the board for a new decision. The entrepreneur, whose rights are regulated primarily through contracts with the customer organization, enters the project via procurement only when the implementation phase is to begin. When planning projects such as Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad, a risk analysis is performed, which means that all risks are highlighted and based on this, an action plan is made and a so-called riskpeng is set. Riskpeng is a way of calculating for extra costs in advance in case of the work exceeding budget. There are always changes and within Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad there are quite small margins as an exceeded time plan can mean large costs and impact on society in general. Both contractor and customer organization see the same risks and have the same goals but they have different views on which the best and most effective way is to reach them. Regarding preparations for events that occur outside the planned project plan, work is largely done preventively, but there are also situations that could not be prepared for. For other types of events thatare not covered by preparatory measures, new decisions are sometimes required along the way. These are made by the project manager who, to the best of its ability, adapts the work and does the best possible according to the conditions the project manager has to work with. With major infrastructure projects such as Program Roslagsbanans Utbyggnad, it significantly simplifies the process if the customer has insight into the work that is performed.

This diploma thesis deals with several views on project in connection with information system proposal of rentals. The first part focussing on project preparation and verification of hypotheses about the possibility of entering into the software market for rentals. The second view is focused on comparision of provide software as a licence or Software-as-a-Service. The third point of view is engaged in proposal of project procedure of implementation PRINCE methodology. The work ends with the conclusion of the design phase by creation of detailed analysis application.

The thesis describes the financing of an investment project which is aimed to improve the situation of the telecommunications company. The analysis involves the options to finance the project through the bank credit as well as the combination of the bank credit and the company´s own financial resources. The most effective way of the financing has been proposed through the methods assessing the investment efficiency and effectiveness.

Enligt undersökningar som har gjorts konstateras att digitala verktyg används mindre inom byggsektorn i jämförelse med andra branscher. Den digitala utvecklingen är viktig för hur byggbranschen kommer att se ut i framtiden. I nuläget finns ett intresse för att öka användningen av digitala verktyg från byggföretaget Skanska. En mobil version av tidplaneringsprogrammet Asta Powerproject finns på marknaden, nämligen Site Progress. Site Progress används för att stämma av projektets aktiviteter via mobila enheter. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur en digital avstämning av tidplan går till genom att använda Site Progress. Vidare analyseras applikationens användarvänlighet och målet är att komma fram till om Site Progress skulle kunna implementeras i kommande projekt. I studien genomförs en undersökning på projekt Kvarteret Trollhättan 31, som är en om- och tillbyggnation av kontor. I början av undersökningen observerades hur avstämningen går till i nuläget på projektet. Därefter genomfördes samma avstämning med det digitala verktyget Site Progress. Undersökningen avslutades med kvalitativa intervjuer i syfte att ta del av produktionsledarnas tankar om det nuvarande arbetssättet samt deras inställning till införande av Site Progress. Studien resulterar i att Site Progress medför att avstämning sker direkt på plats och att all dokumentation hamnar på en enhet. I nuläget går det ej att tilldela fler personer på en och samma summa i Site Progress Manager, detta kan försvåra arbetet med avstämning. För att Site Progress ska implementeras i arbetet med avstämning av tidplan krävs justeringar för att åtgärda verktygets brister. / Compared to other industries, digital tools are seldomly used in construction, for which digital development is vital for the growth of that industry. Skanska, a Swedish construction company, has a growing interest in the use of such tools. A mobile version of Asta Powerproject, called Site Progress, is currently available on the market and enables mobile users to record the task progress from a remote location. The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to analyse how Site Progress works. This thesis also examines the usage of the mobile application, in order to achieve the goal to determine if Site Progress can be implemented in progress reporting for future projects. During the bachelor thesis a study has been performed on the project Kvarteret Trollhättan 31, which is a rebuilding and extension of an office building. In order to gain a better understanding of how the reporting process is today, an observation was made. Production managers were interviewed in order to take their thoughts about the product into consideration in the thesis work. They also shared their thoughts about progress reporting today and the process behind it. The study showed that the progress update through Site Progress can be made at any time and from any location. Also, all of the project data ends up on the same device. One of the difficulties with Site Progress Managers today is that it is not possible to assign more than one person to one task. Some adjustments and improvements needs to be done in order to implement Site Progress in the work with project progress reporting.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T18:20:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Angela Maria Ferreira de Medeiros.pdf: 2248756 bytes, checksum: 27cc27e21e51a8fae662d9f65340cbf6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-16 / A study aiming for evaluating the Rosário District Project Plan in Maranhão , (02°56 12,6 S 044°14 51,6 W) took place, in view of sustentability, wanting to investigate , if in fact, economic, social, environmental, cultural and institutional dimensions, which are considered the pillars of the sustentability, were being taken into consideration. The regulatory urban instruments of real state and the actions taken in municipal district planning were identified, evaluating their adequacy for Project Plan implementation, which were also investigated to which extent they were effective in popular participation and social control in all stages of the elaboration of the Project Plan. The methodology used was exploratory bibliography research, following a qualitative search approach, semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and image analysis of the use and occupations of the soil/ground. The public policies contemplated in the Project Plan were studied, evaluating if they are warrant of an administration that prioritizes the source of equity in environment sustentability that leads to the discussion for a social relations field and values community participation. The study concludes that the Project Plan is not in accordance with economic, social, environmental, cultural and institutional district reality, having nothing that assures district sustentability. / Realizou-se estudo com o objetivo de avaliar o Plano Diretor do Município de Rosário MA, (02º56 12,6 S - 044º14 51,6 W), sob a ótica da sustentabilidade, buscando investigar se, de fato, estão nele contempladas as dimensões econômica, social, ambiental, cultural e institucional, consideradas os pilares da sustentabilidade. Foram identificados os instrumentos urbanísticos reguladores do mercado imobiliário e as ações do planejamento municipal, avaliando a sua adequação para a implementação do Plano Diretor, tendo sido, também investigado até que ponto foram efetivos a participação popular e o controle social em todas as etapas de elaboração do Plano Diretor. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, seguindo uma linha de abordagem qualitativa, questionários semi-estruturados, entrevistas e análise de imagens de uso e ocupação do solo. Foram estudadas as políticas públicas contempladas no plano diretor, avaliando se elas são garantidoras de uma gestão que priorize a sustentabilidade ambiental pela matriz da equidade que norteia a discussão para o campo das relações sociais e valorize a participação da comunidade. O estudo conclui não estar o plano diretor do município de Rosário em consonância com a realidade econômica, social, ambiental, cultural e institucional do município, nada havendo que assegure a sustentabilidade do município.

This diploma thesis involves a strategic development plan proposal within a particular family business. It describes a theoretical framework in the areas of family business, strategic management and change management. Using critical analysis in accordance with the theoretical findings, a proposal of strategic development within a chosen family business is created together with a high-level implementation plan.

ВКР (магистерская диссертация) состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, библиографического списка, включающего 60 наименований. Работа включает 8 таблиц и 26 рисунков. Общий объем ВКР (магистерской диссертации) – 76 страниц. Ключевые слова: оптимизация бизнес-процессов, чат-бот, план проекта, организационная структура, удержание клиентов, повышение лояльности. Актуальность исследования заключается в необходимости использования онлайн-сервисов для взаимодействия между организацией и клиентами в целях сокращения временных издержек текущего бизнес-процесса по консультированию пользователей, а также для повышения лояльности существующих клиентов и привлечения новых с помощью ИТ-решения как конкурентным преимуществом. Цель исследования построение проекта и разработка чат-бота для оптимизации бизнес-процесса консультирования клиентов. В соответствии с темой и целью работы были поставлены следующие задачи: изучить теоретические основы о видах чат-ботов и их применении; составить описание рабочей деятельности технических специалистов на портале «Пульс цен»; построить модель AS-IS бизнес-процесса консультирования клиентов в нотации IDEF0; построить модель TO-BE бизнес-процесса консультирования клиентов в нотации IDEF0; составить план проекта по разработке чат-бота для автоматизации бизнес-процесса консультирования существующих клиентов площадки MS Project; проанализировать возможные риски проекта и предложить решения; провести расчет экономической эффективности проекта; реализовать проект согласно приведенному плану. Объектом исследования выступает технология чат-бота для консультирования клиентов по работе с торговой площадкой «Пульс цен». Предмет исследования: бизнес-процесс консультации клиентов. Научная новизна исследования состоит во внедрении технологии чат-бота в процесс консультирования клиентов торговой площадки «Пульс цен», что будет значимым преимуществом по сравнению с конкурентами. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в применении авторских предложений по оптимизации бизнес-процесса консультирования клиентов. Эффективность рекомендаций – предложенные автором рекомендации по внедрению ИТ-сервиса для предоставления ответов на запросы клиентов торгового портала позволят оптимизировать процесс консультирования клиентов техническими специалистами. Прогнозируется повышение лояльности клиентов, за счет чего будет увеличен процент удержания пользователей в положительном исходе во 2 квартале 2022 г. процент коэффициента удержания клиентов составит около 75%. / The WRC (master's thesis) consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion, a bibliographic list including 60 titles. The work includes 8 tables and 26 figures. The total volume of the WRC (master's thesis) is 76 pages. Keywords: optimization of business processes, chatbot, project plan, organizational structure, customer retention, loyalty increase. The relevance of the research lies in the need to use online services for interaction between the organization and customers in order to reduce the time costs of the current business process for consulting users, as well as to increase the loyalty of existing customers and attract new ones using an IT solution as a competitive advantage. The purpose of the study is to build a project and develop a chatbot to optimize the business process of consulting clients. In accordance with the topic and purpose of the work, the following tasks were set: to study the theoretical foundations of the types of chatbots and their application; create a description of the working activities of technical specialists on the portal "Pulse of Prices"; build an AS-IS model of the business process of consulting clients in IDEF0 notation; build a TO-BE model of the business process of consulting clients in IDEF0 notation; create a project plan for the development of a chatbot for automating the business process of consulting existing clients of the MS Project platform; analyze the possible risks of the project and offer solutions; to calculate the economic efficiency of the project; implement the project according to the given plan. The object of the research is the chatbot technology for advising clients on working with the Pulse of Prices trading platform. Subject of research: the business process of consulting clients. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the introduction of chatbot technology into the process of consulting clients of the Pulse of Prices trading platform, which will be a significant advantage compared to competitors. The practical significance of the research lies in the application of the author's proposals for optimizing the business process of consulting clients. Effectiveness of recommendations-the recommendations proposed by the author on the implementation of an IT service for providing answers to customer requests of the trading portal will optimize the process of consulting clients by technical specialists. It is predicted that customer loyalty will increase, due to which the percentage of user retention in a positive outcome will be increased in the 2nd quarter of 2022.The percentage of customer retention will be about 75%.

This thesis deals with project management competence center in Software Quality Assurance, which operates the University of Economics in Prague. The first part of this thesis is focused on basic terminology management projects and projects aimed at testing. The second part focuses on project management competence center in Software Quality Assurance, which describes a modified project life cycle according to the PMBOK and project life cycle testing. All phases of the lifecycle contain sub-activities and the person responsible for the activity. The last part of this thesis is focused on management competency center Software Quality Assurance tool available for cooperation IBM Connections, which is available for students and staff of the University of Economics in Prague. The thesis is a complex material intended primarily for manager competency center, its teams and includes guides on how to manage the very center and its projects.

This thesis deals with project management and how software can support it. In first part the problems and characteristics of project management is stressed as well as theoretical basics with focus on software development projects. Comparison of the available tools as project management aid is also touched. Objective of this thesis is to create such a project management aid tool by detailed analysis, design and implementation. The system has been implemented in programming language C#, the database layer is Microsoft SQL. End the end of the thesis the summary of the achieved results and possible future extensions of the project management tool can be found.