本研究的主題是探討一種較為特殊的消費動機—以滿足幻想為出發點而產生的消費行為，稱之為「消費幻想」。此概念雖偶爾被應用於一些特殊產品的廣告或行銷手法，但過去並沒有相關的消費者行為研究給予完整深入的探討。 完整的消費幻想循環過程，起源於消費者內心未獲滿足的六大心因性需求(Murray, 1959) ：與非生命相關事物、抱負權力相關、與人性能力相關、施虐受虐、與人際情感相關、及與社會交往相關等。當需求產生，消費者會因為緊張感而產生一股驅力，促使幻想產生，當單純幻想已無法滿足消費者內心的需求時，此時消費者就會進一步尋求能滿足幻想的消費行為，此時產生的消費行為便是消費幻想。此外，媒介或自我的誘發 (Belk, 2003)，除了可以直接刺激幻想的產生，同時也具有提升幻想轉化成消費的能力。 本研究深度訪談20位年齡從21至28歲間之年輕學生，其中包含14位女性及6位男性，分別提供137及47個幻想內容。研究發現，三大幻想內容—角色人物、場景、及抽象感受—當中的對應角色及對應型場景，會刺激對應消費的產生；而特定身分、發展型場景，則多會刺激非對應消費的產生。但不管幻想的內容為何，經由四大構面的劃分，幻想的概念都能夠清楚地被劃分成不同的角度：以取得距離構面劃分幻想時，分為可取得性與不可取得性兩種角度；以與經驗關連性構面劃分幻想，分為經驗基礎與想像基礎兩種角度；以細膩程度構面劃分幻想，分為精細型與直觀型兩種角度；以持續程度構面劃分幻想，分為持續型與情境型兩種角度。 在回歸到幻想與消費之互動關係的探討時，本研究的結果指出，不論前次與這次的未滿足需求來源是否相同，只要是以相同的幻想內容來滿足需求，該幻想內容的強度便會增加，且驅動消費的能力也會提升，可見幻想對消費的影響力是相當龐大的。 本研究最後提出與幻想及消費幻想相關的19個命題，並建構出幻想與消費行為間之完整循環模型與分析架構。研究結果將可提供給行銷人員，一個運用消費幻想的觀念架構及應用觀念，並可供後續相關學術進一步發展消費幻想量表之參考。 / The study aims to investigate a special and unique consumption motivation – “Consumption Fantasy”, which is a fantasy-driven consumption behavior. Even though having been applied to a few product promotions or advertisements, the concept has rarely been explored in Consumer Behavior related researches so far. Complete process of consumption fantasy starts at six unfulfilled psychogenic needs: “Needs Associated with Inanimate Objects”, “Needs that Reflect Ambition, Power, Accomplishment, and Prestige”, “Needs Concerned with Human Power”, “Sado-masochistic Needs”, “Needs Concerned with Affection Between People”, and “Needs Concerned With Social Intercourse” (Murray, 1959). Then anxiety caused by unfulfilled needs will drive consumers to produce fantasies. When simply fantasizing cannot satisfy needs, consumers will even transform fantasy into real consumption. Besides, media seduction or self-seduction, the same as needs, have abilities to arouse fantasies and to encourage consumption fantasies. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted. Fourteen female and six male interviewees whose ages range from 21 to 28 years old provided separately 137 and 47 fantasies. The results reveal that “Corresponding Role” and “Corresponding Scene” within three major fantasy contents: “Characters”, “Scenes”, and “Abstract Feelings” will stimulate corresponding consumption while “Specific Identity” and “Developing Scene” encourage non-corresponding consumption mostly. However, whatever the content is, fantasy can be segmented into different points of view by four dimensions: degree of “Distance and Inaccessibility”, degree of “Experience Relatedness”, degree of “Fineness”, and degree of “Persistency”. Fantasy is therefore can be divided into 8 viewpoints: “Accessible”, “Inaccessible”, “Experience-Based”, “Imagination-Based”, “Sophisticated”, “Intuitional”, “Persistent”, and “Situational”. Moreover, in consumption fantasy loop, no matter the former and current unfulfilled needs are the same or not, as long as they are satisfied by the same fantasy content, the fantasy strength will get stronger, and its capability of driving consumption will be enhanced, too. So far, we can be sure about how powerful fantasy is towards consumption. Nineteen propositions are stated. Complete model of fantasy and consumption is built, and analyzing framework of consumption fantasy is established firmly by the study. And the results will not only be useful for marketers in consumer-exploration, but offer valuable reference material for the academia.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:38:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 freitas_dep_me_bauru.pdf: 1799965 bytes, checksum: 8396a2e35ea23613fecb1d9f45338d0e (MD5) / A escoriação psicogênica tem sido abordada em estudos médicos que a associam a diversos transtornos ou doenças ou que buscam identificar a eficácia de diferentes tipos de tratamentos e medicamentos, além de outras questões afeitas à área. Embora a literatura a relacione a fatores afetivo-emocionais, há escassez de pesquisas no campo da psicologia sobre esta psicodermatose. A Escoriação Psicogênica é mais comumente encontrada em mulheres que, ao agredirem a própria pele, causam uma perceptível desifiguração provocada pelas lesões. A literatura, sistematicamente revisada neste trabalho, aponta fatores desencadeantes como a dificuldade em lidar com os próprios impulsos e a compulsão, pois o paciente admite ser o causador das lesões, porém, de maneira involuntária. A pele, o maior órgão do corpo humano, tem a mesma origem embrionária que o sistema nervoso e é frequentemente associada a processos psicológicos. Quando lesionada, leva a sofrimento emocional e a afastamento afetivo e social. o presente estudo abordou os aspectos psicológicos e fatores de personalidade associados à escoriação psicogênica a partir de relatos de pacientes em processo de diagnóstico e/ou tratamento dermatológico do Instituto Lauro Souza Lima - Bauru e de resultados do IFP - Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade, aplicado em dois grupos de mulheres: 20 com e 20 sem escoriação psicogênica, sendo este útlimo, composto por trabalhadoras da prefeitura municipal da cidade do interior paulista. Este estudo investigou a história de vida, os aspectos psicológicos e os fatores de personalidade possivelmente relacionados à escoriação psicogênica em vinte mulheres com esse diagnóstico, comparando-se os resultados obtidos no IFP com os de mulheres sem a psicodermatose. Foi realizada entrevista de anamnese com as mulheres com escoriação psicogênica... / Psychogenic excoriation has been approached on medical studies, which both associate it to several disorders or diseases or try to identify the efficacy of distintic treatment methods, besides other themes on such area. Even though the specific literature includes it on affetive-emotional reasons, there is a lack of researchers on Psychology field on this psychodermatosis. Psychogenic excoriation is a disorder mos commonly found on women who picks - scratches - their own skin, causing them a noticeable disfiguration due to the wounds. Literature on the subject has been systematically referred to in order to produce this paper. It points out reasons such as difficulty to deal with one's own impulses and compulsion, since the patient admits being the one who causes the wounds in an involuntary manner, though. The skin, largest organ of the human body, has the same Embryo origin of the nervous system and is frequently associated to psychological processes. The wounded skin causes suffering and affective / social seclusion. In this study, the psychological aspects and the personality treat associated to psychogenic excoriation have been studied. The data has been collected from reports of patients during dermatological diagnosis or treatment on 'Instituto Lauro Souza Lima, in Bauru, and from results of a test called IFP (Inventário Fatorial de Personalidade or Personality Factorial Inventory), applied on two groups of women: the first one having twenty women suffering from psychogenic excoriation and the second one having healthy women (groups A and B). The latter has been composed from civil servers in a small town. In order to prepare this study, the psychological aspects and the personality treat possibly related to psychogenic excoriation in twenty women having such diagnosis, comparing them with the results of the Personality Factorial Inventory of the healthy... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

A crise não-epilética psicogênica é definida como uma manifestação corporal semelhante àquela das crises epiléticas, porém sem um correlato neurológico que justifique a sua ocorrência. Sua etiologia é atribuída a fatores psicológicos, entretanto as questões subjetivas que estão na origem dos sintomas são pouco estudadas. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar os traços histéricos da personalidade em dois pacientes encaminhados para psicoterapia de orientação psicanalítica após receberem esse diagnóstico médico, além de analisar os conteúdos afetivos latentes que se relacionam às manifestações sintomáticas nos casos estudados. O material coletado durante o atendimento prestado a esses pacientes se constituiu como registro e fonte de informação, por meio do qual os elementos relativos à personalidade histérica e mecanismos inconscientes que engendram os sintomas são descritos e estudados. Este trabalho tem por referencial a psicanálise e o estudo dos casos foi realizado considerando seus pressupostos conceituais sobre sintoma, conflito, conversão e histeria. O material obtido durante o curso das sessões evidenciou elementos como erotização do espaço analítico, constante reivindicação para ocupar o lugar de objeto de desejo alheio, além da recusa em abandonar a posição de insatisfação e buscar um estado de contentamento. Também foi observado um investimento em fantasias infantis, nas quais há o desejo inconsciente de união exclusiva com as figuras parentais. / A psychogenic nonepileptic seizure is defined as a physical manifestation similar to that of epileptic seizures, but lacking a neurological correlation to justify its occurrence. Its etiology is attributed to psychological factors although subjective questions concerning the origin of symptoms are barely studied. This research aims to investigate hysterical personality traits in two patients forwarded for psychoanalytic psychotherapy after receiving this medical diagnosis, as well as analyze latent affective contents associated with the symptomatic manifestations in these case studies. The material collected during the patient consultation served as a file and source of information through which elements relative to hysterical personality and unconscious mechanisms linked to the symptoms are described and studied. This work has psychoanalysis as a reference and the case studies were carried out considering its conceptual assumptions of symptoms, conflict, conversion and hysteria. The material obtained during the sessions evidenced elements, such as erotization of the analytic space, continuous demands to occupy the place of an object of beauty, as well as refusal to abandon discontentment and search for a contented state. Investment in infantile fantasies with an unconscious desire of exclusive union with parental figures was also observed.

This thesis explores the perspectives of people on psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). It is presented in three separate papers: a systematic literature review; an empirical research paper and a critical reflection of the research process as a whole. The systematic literature review aimed to provide a detailed understanding of stakeholder perspectives on PNES. A systematic search identified relevant studies that were subsequently synthesised using thematic analysis and the broader principles of narrative synthesis. Three broad themes relating to stakeholder perspectives were identified: the nature of PNES as a condition; diagnosis; and management and treatment issues. It was found that both patients and professionals experienced uncertainties in relation to understanding and managing the condition. This highlighted the need for further information and awareness of PNES and the development of clear treatment guidelines. Important differences in opinion were also identified between patients and professionals and consideration was given to how these may disrupt the development of effective partnerships in care. The research into patients' and families' perspectives was found to be lacking and further research was identified as being needed in this area. The empirical paper reports an exploratory qualitative study that aimed to provide an in-depth understanding of the perceived treatment needs of patients with PNES. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and findings were analysed inductively using the principles of thematic analysis. Four key themes were identified: return to normality; post-diagnostic limbo; uncertainty and apprehension about therapy; and need for validation. Patients with PNES described clear goals for their recovery and clear ideas about their treatment needs. However, following their diagnosis, many felt caught in 'limbo' due to uncertainties about their diagnosis and as a result of a lack of post-diagnostic support. Being in 'limbo' also linked to patients' uncertainties about psychology meeting their needs and for some there was apprehension about the potential negative consequences of therapy. The clinical implications of the research are discussed and recommendations for future research are made. The third paper is a critical reflection of the research process as a whole. It provides an overview and evaluation of the first two papers and personal reflections of the lead researcher are offered throughout. Implications for further research and clinical practice are offered and a summary of the research as a whole is offered.

Patients presenting with an abrupt loss of postural control are commonly said to have had ‘collapse?cause’. This is a common presentation, accounting for up to 6% of emergency department cases, and 3% of hospital admissions. However, collapse?cause is a ‘catch-all’ term and there are many different causes which include falls, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, road traffic accidents, metabolic abnormalities, intoxication, and transient loss of consciousness, (TLOC or ‘blackout’). A majority of patients fall into the latter category. Where TLOC has occurred, the causes are syncope, epilepsy and psychogenic blackouts. The clinical features of these three conditions can often be similar, albeit with subtle differences. A wide variation exists in the way such patients are assessed, investigated and managed, who manages them and where. There is an absence of simple clinical tools for assessment, poor risk stratification, inappropriate and overuse of investigations. Hospitalisation is often unnecessary and misdiagnoses are common. In this thesis, the problem of TLOC has been addressed in four projects. Section 1 (Chapter II): reports a simple new risk stratification scheme for patients presenting with TLOC, assessed in a specialist nurse lead, cardiologist supervised (SP), Rapid Access Blackouts Triage Clinic - RABTC. Frequently, after triage, a patient may be deemed to be at low risk, but blackouts continue, the cause remains unclear, and conventional tests, have been unhelpful. In Chapter III, we describe the option of investigating such patients by long term (up to 3 years) ECG monitoring using an implantable loop recorder (ILR). In order to address the specific question of misdiagnosis of epilepsy where convulsive syncope might be the true diagnosis, the REVISE Study- REVeal in the Investigation of Syncope and Epilepsy was undertaken, which is described in Chapter IV. Lastly, convulsive syncope is the likely explanation for a misdiagnosis in patients diagnosed with epilepsy, but the incidence of cardiac disease in patients with brain injury and epilepsy is unknown. Therefore a cohort of patients in a residential epilepsy centre was studied. In this setting, residents typically had a history of brain injury and suffered from recurrent epileptic seizures. The findings of cardiology assessment are presented in Section 4 (Chapter V).

No description available.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Adolescents with a type of conversion disorder called psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) experience many school, relationship, and health care struggles as they attempt to manage their mental health condition with PNES events that strikingly resemble epileptic seizures. Considered one of the top three neuropsychiatric problems, health care providers and school personnel remain ill-informed regarding how to care for adolescents with PNES. Because of the unique multidisciplinary approach needed to address adolescent PNES, school nurses are uniquely positioned to bridge health care and education systems. A review of literature examined the concept of school nurse selfmanagement support for PNES, existing school nurse-led mental health interventions, and the relationships between concepts for a conceptual framework guiding adolescent PNES research. This review of literature reveals an absence of adolescents’ perspective and school emphasis in PNES research. This study was designed to investigate adolescents’ experience attending school and self-managing PNES. This was accomplished through a qualitative content analysis of data generated from semi-structured interviews and magnitude coding of select quantifiable data. Data were obtained from 10 adolescents, 12 to 19 years of age, with current or recent in-person school attendance. The results indicate adolescents from the sample had school experiences that involved stress, bullying, accusations of faking seizures, and feelings of isolation or exclusion. Their mostly effective proactive selfmanagement activities included seeking protection, persevering in life despite PNES struggles, and progress monitoring through seizure tracking. Reactive activities of mixed effectiveness included coping responses to seizure warnings. School nurses, school personnel, family members, and peers served as both facilitators and barriers for PNES self-management. Adolescents also contributed information for three emerging themes— family-management, school-management, and illness representation. These findings reveal the difficulties of attending school and self-managing PNES and inform future PNES interventions to improve academic, mental health, and quality of life outcomes.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fulvioschiavo_dissert.pdf: 448108 bytes, checksum: c5c0f2f7e8e352dd32b55da75281ed8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-25 / This work was elaborated on a literature review about the Acupuncture practice in the treatment of psychogenic erectile dysfunction. The erectile dysfunction is defined and inserted in the sexology context. Its aetiology, risk factors and alternatives for treatment are briefly discussed. The Acupuncture, a new Western therapeutic aid, is approached in the field of the Traditional Chinese Medicine. Due to the differences in the way of facing the sexuality between the Western and the Eastern cultures, and the possibility of approaching at the same time the physical and psychological aspects of diseases, the Acupuncture was evaluated in some studies as an option for the treatment of the psychogenic erectile dysfunction. The articles are clinic test types, retrospective study, case report and review. Taking into account the ones with better outline, the results showed that the acupuncture was efficient in about 60 to 70% of the cases. Although these results are promising, the papers have some structural failure and they do not have part of the information related to the intervention strategy (handling of the needles). Therefore, it is suggested that further studies dealing with this subject ought to be more feasible. Up to end of this research, there was not sufficient information to provide the effectiveness of Acupuncture in the treatment of the psychogenic erectile dysfunction. / Este estudo foi elaborado a partir de uma revisão da literatura sobre a aplicação da Acupuntura no tratamento da disfunção erétil psicogênica. A disfunção erétil é definida e inserida no contexto da sexologia. São comentados sua etiologia, seus fatores de risco e opções de tratamento de forma breve. A Acupuntura, uma nova arma terapêutica para o Ocidente, é abordada no contexto da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa. Devido às diferenças na maneira de encarar a sexualidade entre as culturas ocidental e oriental e a possibilidade de abordar, ao mesmo tempo, os aspectos físicos e psicológicos das doenças, a Acupuntura foi avaliada em alguns estudos como uma opção no tratamento da disfunção erétil psicogênica. São artigos dos tipos ensaio clínico, estudo retrospectivo, relato de caso e revisão. Considerando os que têm melhor delineamento, os resultados demonstraram que a acupuntura foi eficaz em cerca de 60 a 70% dos casos. Embora estes resultados sejam promissores, os estudos trazem consigo falhas de estrutura e carecem de parte das informações em relação à estratégia de intervenção (manejo das agulhas). Portanto, são feitas sugestões para que os estudos futuros abordando o tema tenham plena confiabilidade. Até o encerramento desta pesquisa, não havia dados suficientes para afirmar que a Acupuntura é eficaz no tratamento da disfunção erétil psicogênica.

As a postmodern director, David Lynch makes films which are innovative, evocative, and uniquely his own. The theme of twinning, in particular, is recapitulated throughout the director's oeuvre; however, it is with Lost Highway that the thematic element he addresses takes center stage. The film's main character Fred Madison (Bill Pullman) is unable to cope with the trauma in his life. After killing his wife and finding himself on death row, he has a parallel identity crisis; he manages a metamorphosis into a younger, virile Pete Dayton (Balthazar Getty). The method which allows this transformation is the psychogenic fugue: a fantasy which creates an alternate reality caused by the subject's refusal to see objective truth(s). As the plot progresses, there are several more characters who develop alter egos. These other important twinnings include Fred's wife Renee/Alice (Patricia Arquette), Mr. Eddy/Dick Laurant (Robert Loggia), and the Mystery Man played by Robert Blake. Of all the doppelgangers, the Mystery Man is vital to the unraveling of the story; he is an abstraction and can exist in several places at one time. He is a symbolic function of the superego which allows Fred to carry out the mission. Lynch also uses the Moebius Strip as another tool to interweave reality and fantasy into the plot. The story can have a litany of meanings because of the twist in the strip. It allows overlap in the space/time continuum. The use of this concept is invaluable in applying certain types of analysis to the film. Among others, Jacques Lacan , Sigmund Freud, and Slavoj Zizek are central to defining the film. Lynch shows the audience that fantasy cannot subvert reality. It is only a temporary fix. Fred Madison's twinning is unsuccessful in the end. He is forced to continue riding his own lost highway until another new reality is created.