Aujourd’hui encore considérées comme deux ordres distincts de la responsabilité administrative, les responsabilités contractuelle et extra-contractuelle se différencient en raison de leur régime. La coexistence d’une telle dualité de régime de responsabilité en droit administratif implique certaines difficultés pratiques quant au choix du régime à appliquer à tel ou tel litige puisque ils existent des situations où la question du fondement de l’action indemnitaire n’est pas fermement résolue et laisse place à des incertitudes et ambiguïtés. Or, il est essentiel d’y remédier en raison des conséquences insatisfaisantes qu’elles peuvent notamment emporter sur l’exigence de sécurité juridique. Cette nécessité est d’autant plus vraie que l’état du droit est riche de situations d’interaction entre les régimes de responsabilité toutes les fois où peuvent se chevaucher le domaine de responsabilité contractuelle et celui de la responsabilité extra-contractuelle. Les frontières entre les régimes de responsabilité apparaissent ainsi poreuses et mouvantes. Beaucoup d’hypothèses ne peuvent sans hésitation être classées dans l’un ou l’autre des domaines de responsabilité de telle sorte que certaines solutions jurisprudentielles contradictoires peuvent surgir : face à la nécessité d’opter pour un régime de responsabilité, les tribunaux doivent choisir, parfois artificiellement, un régime de responsabilité, solutions sujettes à critiques. Ces problématiques liées à l’existence d’une dualité de régime démontrent l’importance de préciser et de prévoir en amont le régime de responsabilité applicable à chaque litige et nous invite à nous questionner sur l’état des lieux de la dualité en droit administratif. Il convient à ce titre de résister à la tentation d’établir une unification des régimes des responsabilités contractuelle et extra-contractuelle qui apparaîtrait artificielle, afin d’y préférer un travail de délimitation de leur domaine respectif, plus cohérent et plus satisfaisant au regard de certaines préoccupations : sécurité juridique, égalité de traitement, mais également respect de l’engagement tenu et des spécificités du régime contractuel. Ainsi, la recherche d’un élargissement du domaine de la responsabilité contractuelle à l’ensemble des situations dommageables intervenues à l’occasion de l’exécution d’un contrat administratif devrait permettre d’atteindre un tel objectif. / Even today, the contractual and extra-contractual liabilities differ because of their regime and they are considered as two different orders different from the public responsibility, The coexistence of such duality in administrative law involves certain practical difficulties as for the choice of the regime to be applied to such or such dispute because exist some situations where the question of the foundation of the indemnitaire action is not firmly solved and gives way to uncertainties and ambiguities. It is essential to remedy it because of the unsatisfactory consequences which they can take in particular on the requirement of legal security. This necessity is particulary true as the state of the law is rich in situations of interaction between liability regimes all the times when can overlap the domain of contractual liability and that of the extra-contractual liability. The borders between liability schemes seem so porous and unstable. Many hypotheses be classified cannot without hesitation in the one or other one of the domains of responsibility so that certain contradictory case law solutions can appear: in front of the necessity of opting for a liability scheme, the courts have to choose, sometimes artificially, a liability scheme, solutions subject to criticisms.These problems bound to the existence of a duality of regime demonstrate the importance to specify and to plan upstream the liability scheme applicable to every dispute and invites us to question us about the current situation of the duality in public law. It is advisable to resist the temptation to establish a unification of the regimes of the contractual and extra-contractual responsibilities which would seem artificial, to prefer a work of demarcation, more coherent and satisfactorier, of their respective domain with regard to certain concerns: legal security, equal treatment, but also respect for the held commitment and for the specificities of the contractual regime. So, the research for an extension of the domain of the contractual liability to all the harmful situations intervened on the occasion of the execution of a public service contract should allow to reach such goal.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar a utilização dos contratos de parceria públicoprivada, como um meio de captação de recursos da iniciativa privada para os investimentos em estações de tratamento de esgotos no Brasil. Para tanto, inicialmente, diagnosticou-se a situação atual dos serviços de tratamento de esgotos, as necessidades de recursos para a sua universalização, os investimentos realizados e o marco regulatório existente. Em seguida, para se discutir o ingresso de recursos privados, caracterizou-se o ambiente definido pela legislação brasileira para os contratos de parceria público-privada, bem como os vetores de riscos presentes neste ambiente de captação de recursos para as estações de tratamento de esgotos. Por fim, foi elaborado um protótipo para análise da qualidade destes investimentos, buscando orientar o investidor não aparente sobre a distorção nos indicadores da qualidade, provocados pelos vetores de riscos presentes nesta tipologia de empreendimento. / This research aims to study the use of public-private partnerships as a means of funding wastewater treatment investments in Brazil. For this purpose, the current situation of the wastewater treatment services, the need for resources for their universalization, the investments and the existing regulatory frameworks were initially diagnosed. After that, in order to discuss the influx of private investments, the Brazilian legislation for public-private partnership contracts was characterized, as well as the risks of this type of funding for wastewater treatment plants. Finally, a prototype for the analysis of the investment quality was designed to guide stakeholders about probable distortions in performance indicators caused by risk factors present in this type of project.

Public procurement according to the Act. No. 137/2006 Coll., on public contracts, as amended, represents a distinctive contracting process characterized by a significant level of legal regulation and formalization, which differs the procedure from the standard contracting process according to the general laws. Despite this difference, public procurement is still a civil contracting process, which is by its nature a special contracting procedure to the general contracting procedure. Therefore, the subject matter of this thesis is an analysis of selected aspects, specifics, and differences of public procurement contracting procedures from genereal contracting procedures. The thesis is divided into three chapters. Chapter one deals with the position of the public procurement law in the system of law. Chapter two provides an analysis of public procurement contracting procedures aspects and specifics, and chapter three deals with the modifications of subject matter and content of public contracts. The topic is analysed both acorrding to the present public contracts act, and according to the new european public procurement directives and public contracts act bill. .

Alors que les contrats d'occupation du domaine public focalisent l'attention de la doctrine, cette dernière délaisse largement l'analyse et la compréhension des éléments de particularité des contrats conclus sur le domaine privé. La présente recherche propose ainsi d'appréhender les évolutions textuelles et, surtout, jurisprudentielles qui intéressent la définition, la nature ou encore le régime juridique des contrats qui prennent pour objet ce domaine. L'intérêt de la thèse réside alors tant dans son champ d'étude que dans l'hypothèse formulée. Au travers du prisme du caractère public des contrats, la recherche met en exergue les éléments de convergence de ces différentes techniques contractuelles portant sur le domaine privé. Cette approche théorique permet de dépasser l'analyse doctrinale classique qui consiste à présenter et opposer ces contrats par rapport à leur dualité de nature juridique.Ainsi, une classification des contrats publics portant sur le domaine privé fondée sur leur prestation caractéristique et le lien plus ou moins ténu qu'ils entretiennent avec l'intérêt général, se montre en premier lieu pertinente. Le contentieux relatif à ces contrats connaît d'autre part certains bouleversements et incertitudes qui nécessitent d'être analysés et éclaircis.La seconde partie de la thèse se recentre sur la spécialisation de leur régime juridique, non pas à l'égard des seuls contrats ayant une nature administrative, mais bien au titre d'un examen d'ensemble des contrats publics portant sur le domaine privé. Au-delà de la nature juridique particulière de chaque contrat, les effets de droit liés au critère organique confirment que celui-ci est partiellement opérant en ce qu'il caractérise une certaine spécialisation de leurs régimes de formation et d'exécution. Leur régime illustre en fin de compte l'existence d'une certaine originalité des règles spécifiquement applicables à cette catégorie de contrats publics. / When the law teaches mainly about the use of the public domain, we need to understand the specific elements relative to the contracts on the private domain as well. This research paper will show how the texts, as well as the jurisprudence, have affected the definition, the nature and the legal status of these contracts, particularly in relation to the private domain. The specifics of this research lay in the study of the different contracts relative to the private domain and how these techniques can converge on the issue of the public property of the public persons. This particular theory will allow to widen the classic analysis which is opposing contracts on their nature.In a first part, we will classify the public contracts relative to the private domain, according to their characteristics and their relation to the general interest. The different litigations related to these contracts have been changing and some uncertainties need to be clarified and analysed.The second part of the thesis will focus on the legal status of these contracts, not only from their administative's nature, but also the contracts related to the private domain as a whole. Beyond the specific nature of each contract, being a public person implies specific legal rights as far as the constitution of the contract and its execution. In the end, their status illustrates a certain originality in the rules relative to this particular category of public contracts.

This Master´s Thesis deals with the issue describing preparatory work for a construction contract submitted for a public tender. Its main objective is to demonstrate the negotiation procedure with sub-suppliers the purpose of which is to obtain more advantageous offer and the assignment of a contract. Last but not least, the thesis analyses appropriate steps leading to financial savings. The theoretical part is dedicated to the explanation of basic terms and definitions circumscribing public contracts, their contracting authorities, types of public contracts and the tendering procedure and its actions. The practical part then analyses and demonstrates on the specific example preparatory work of the contract for a public tender, its assessment and potential ways of financial savings.

The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to propose a procedure for the management of small-scale public construction contracts for municipalities. The procedure is designed based on information obtained from an analysis of the development of the existence and quality of internal regulations, an analysis of the development of information openness and in particular, a questionnaire completed amongst the mayors of municipalities. The resulting procedure for the awarding of small-scale public construction contracts is divided into three categories according to the expected value of the public contract. For each category, the number of suppliers contacted, the address of the suppliers, the decision-making entity and the bid evaluation process are set out in such a way that small municipalities can use this procedure as an internal rule for small-scale public construction contracts.

This thesis is focused on the evaluation process of procurement and its very detailed mapping regarding to example of qualifications, assessing bids in terms of ratings according to different methods. For the analysis of selected public contracts, the author used informations from the information system on public procurement, which is accessible to the entire job, including all relevant requirements. On the basis of this contract evaluation was conducted using three methods and their comparison. Furthermore, part of the thesis is to design a fictional version based on the same public contract, in which are also collected additional sub-criteria and information. On the basis of these findings and the criteria is carried out further evaluation and is observed difference from the original version.

Thesis is focused on the use of value analysis in the financing of engineering structures in municipality. The work is divided into two parts. The first is focused on explaining the basic concepts of public contracts and value analysis and describes the methods of value analysis.The second part focuses on finding the best tender submitted for the tender of public contract.

Modification of a Public Contract This thesis deals with the regulation of modifications made to public contracts during their term. Its aim is to critically analyse the legal regime for modifying public contracts in light of the law of the European Union (especially Directive 2014/24/EU on public procurement) and of the Czech Republic (The Public Procurement Act No. 134/2016 Coll.). The thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter focuses on the development of the regulation on public contract modifications from the view of both the EU and Czech prospective, and emphasizes the importance of the so called Pressetext judgment issued by the Court of Justice of the European Union. The second chapter represents the most important part of the thesis, inasmuch as it critically analyses the applicable law. It is divided into two parts. The first one contains an analysis of substantial modifications to public contracts in light of the related case law. In the second part of this chapter, I try to pinpoint interpretation problems that are connected with the new provisions which define situations, in which the modification is to be regarded as non-substantial, and therefore does not trigger the need to commence a new public procurement procedure. The third chapter provides an outlook on how two other...

A participação privada em infra-estrutura não é um conceito novo. Os serviços públicos têm sido prestados por terceiros e as concessões têm sido delegadas a investidores privados por séculos. Nas últimas décadas, contudo, a participação privada tem mudado a forma segundo a qual a infra-estrutura e os serviços públicos são providos ao redor do mundo. A última tendência nessa área tem sido a associação entre o governo e o setor privado, denominada parceria públicoprivada (PPP), para a provisão de serviços usualmente prestados pelo setor público. Nesses novos tipos de arranjos, a sustentabilidade financeira do projeto pode requerer algum tipo de contribuição do governo, que precisa, por conseguinte, prestar contas para a sociedade sobre a eficiência no uso dos recursos públicos. Nesse contexto, modelos de análise da qualidade do investimento público para avaliar a conveniência e a oportunidade da contratação em regime de PPP têm sido propostos por diversos governos, que, desta forma, prestam contas para a sociedade sobre as suas ações. Os primeiros modelos de análise, baseados unicamente em comparações financeiras, foram severamente criticados devido à subjetividade na avaliação dos riscos, ao viés para a escolha da opção com financiamento privado e à suposta manipulação dos resultados. Como resultado, os governo têm, nos últimos anos, introduzido inovações nesses modelos a fim de eliminar as deficiências detectadas e incorporar os avanços mais recentes na política e regulação das PPPs. Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para a regulamentação do Art. 4° e do Art. 10° da Lei n° 11.079/2004, que condiciona a abertura da licitação à demonstração da conveniência e da oportunidade da contratação na forma de PPP. Além de estabelecer diretrizes para a análise financeira do projeto que reduzem os problemas detectados em outras abordagens, o modelo propõe uma combinação de análises socioeconômicas e testes do interesse público e privado que permitem avaliar o suporte público ao projeto e a capacidade de o setor privado conduzi-lo de forma eficiente. Entende-se que o modelo proposto promove a prestação de contas, a auditabilidade e a transparência nos projetos de PPP, condições fundamentais para a legitimidade dessa nova política no Brasil. O método de pesquisa adotado envolveu a revisão do estado da arte na implementação e análise de projetos de PPP, além da consulta a profissionais e gerentes envolvidos com o desenvolvimento de parcerias pioneiras no Reino Unido. / The private participation in infrastructure is not a new concept. Outsourcing and concession have been in place for centuries in many countries, where private companies played an important role in the development of the physical infrastructure. In the last decades, however, private participation has deeply changed the ways infrastructure and public services are delivered around the world. The most recent trend in this context is the partnership between the government and the private sector in areas of traditional public sector provision and control. Under this new approach, different types of government contributions may be required to render projects attractive to private investors. As a result, these schemes require a high level of public accountability, and the government must demonstrate that the PPP deal offers value for money for the use of public resources. Value for money assessment frameworks have been proposed in different countries to test whether the public-private partnership is the most efficient option for the government to carry out the project and deliver the associated services. Therefore, these frameworks are essential for the accountability and legitimacy of this new policy. The earliest value for money frameworks were severely criticized due to deficiencies such as subjectivity in risk analysis, bias for the selection of the private financing option and manipulation of the results to produce an expected answer. Recently, value for money frameworks have been reformed to address the deficiencies of the former approaches and to incorporate the ongoing evolution in public-private partnerships regulation and policy-making. This thesis aims to contribute for the regulation of the Brazilian PPP Law, which demands the demonstration of the value for money as a requisite for the progress of the project as a PPP. In this context, the thesis proposed not only comprehensive changes in the financial analysis approach for PPPs, but also the combination of socioeconomic, public interest and market appetite analysis prior to the procurement process as an indication of the likelihood of getting value for money in the deal. Consequently, the proposed framework highlights the accountability, transparency and auditability of schemes, which is ultimately a cornerstone for the legitimacy of the PPP policy. The research collection method involved a literature review of PPP state of art and meetings with public and private managers involved in groundbreaking PPP projects in the United Kingdom.