@St. Gallen, Universiẗat, Diss., 1999. / Buchhandelsausg. u.d.T.: Wirkungsorientierte Prüfung der öffentlichen Verwaltung.

Univ., Diss.--Trier, 2002. / Literaturverz. S. [310] - 328.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur New Public Management påverkar de professionella inom universitetsvärlden. Metod: Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats. Empiriskt material har samlats in genom en så kallad self-report inom professionella i universitetsvärlden.   Resultat & slutsats: New Public Management har visat sig ha en negativ effekt på de professionella inom universitetsvärlden. Vi fann att NPM ses som en bromskloss för universitetets utveckling eftersom kunskapen som de professionella besitter inte tas till hänsyn. Istället har pengar och makt blivit ett större fokus jämfört med tidigare då professionalitet hade en större roll. Självreglering är viktigt för att autonomin inte ska tona bort, detta har bidragit till en speciell chefskultur som påverkar de anställda. Vår slutsats är att NPM hämmar de professionellas utveckling.   Studiens bidrag: Vår studie har bidragit till en större förståelse av NPM och de professionella inom en verksamhet som bedrivs av detta. Flera faktorer är av betydelse och vår studie visar på att självreglering är av vikt för att de professionella ska kunna utöva sin kunskap på dess rätta professionella sätt. Vi hoppas på att vår studie bidrar till mer förståelse för de professionella och kan leda till en bättre miljö i verksamheten mellan de professionella och administratörerna.   Förslag till vidare forskning: Vi föreslår att samma studie utförs på fler respondenter för att få större kunskap kring studien samt betona chefernas åsikter och erfarenheter. Detta eftersom cheferna kan ha en annan bild av hur verklighetssynen kan se ut. Dessutom kan andra kvalitativa metoder användas som kan bidra till ett annorlunda resultat.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2016-12-19T11:04:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissWMR.pdf: 1298141 bytes, checksum: 39703f5d32a7387ea1b12d41426d0860 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2017-01-16T18:13:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissWMR.pdf: 1298141 bytes, checksum: 39703f5d32a7387ea1b12d41426d0860 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2017-01-16T18:14:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissWMR.pdf: 1298141 bytes, checksum: 39703f5d32a7387ea1b12d41426d0860 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-16T18:14:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissWMR.pdf: 1298141 bytes, checksum: 39703f5d32a7387ea1b12d41426d0860 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-19 / Não recebi financiamento / This paper proposes a system to help the managers of a Federal University, aiming to identify and to monitor the risks that might appear during the creation of its Plan of Management and or Strategic Plan. For this, the concepts of risks and risks management are developed based on several methodologies used, mainly, in the private sector. Thus, an adaptation of those methodologies was performed in a public institution, which has many characteristics, such as: not seeking profit, vision of equity, multicriterial decision making, among others. In this scenery, a system based on the FMEA was developed to help managers during the process of elaboration of the Plans of management and of its details in the Strategic Plan. This action has the purpose to apply on a preliminary stage of reflection, the FMEA, which must occur in the planning moment, once it will reveal the risks of implementing the proposed actions. The results of the case study in the Strategic Planning pointed out that the actions are still in progress, after application of FMEA, were classified as moderate to high level, a fact that points to the need for treatment of the risks involving the action, with the purpose that the objectives were achieved within the planning period. Or even, it could happen a preliminary analysis of the action to scale their placement in PE with compliance just steps to involve other future periods efforts. However, the systematic application of the developed model should be adjusted to provide the best facility of use. / O trabalho propõe uma sistemática com o objetivo de mitigar e monitorar os riscos que podem surgir na elaboração do seu Plano de Gestão e/ou Planejamento Estratégico da Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Para tanto, são desenvolvidos os conceitos de riscos e gestão de riscos baseados em diversas metodologias utilizadas, principalmente, no setor privado. Assim, foi realizada uma adaptação dessas metodologias considerando o ambiente de uma instituição pública que apresenta características diversas como: não visa lucro, visão de equidade, tomada de decisões multicritérios entre outras. Neste cenário, foi desenvolvida, com base na metodologia FMEA, uma sistemática para auxiliar os gestores durante o processo de elaboração dos Planos de Gestão e no seu detalhamento no Planejamento Estratégico, com o propósito de aplicar em uma etapa preliminar de reflexão, a FMEA, que deve acontecer no momento de planejar, visto evidenciará os riscos de execução das ações propostas. O resultado do estudo de caso no Planejamento Estratégico apontou que as ações que ainda estão em andamento, após aplicação da FMEA, foram classificadas com nível moderado e alto, fato que alerta para a necessidade do tratamento dos riscos que envolva a ação, com o propósito de que os objetivos fossem atingidos dentro do período do planejamento. Ou ainda, poderia acontecer uma análise preliminar da ação para dimensionar sua colocação no PE com cumprimento apenas de etapas por envolver outros períodos futuros de gestões. Entretanto a sistemática de aplicação do modelo desenvolvido deve ser ajustado para propiciar a melhor facilidade do seu uso.

This study provides an analysis of public debt dynamics with a view to assess the optimal size and composition of public debt in Zimbabwe that is consistent with maintaining public debt at sustainable levels. The analysis was performed by applying public debt data for Zimbabwe over the period 1980 to 2012. Robustness checks were conducted, using data for selected low income countries in the sub-Saharan Africa. The study was motivated by the public debt management concerns caused by the 2008/09 global financial crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis as well as the external public debt overhang experienced by Zimbabwe since the year 2000. The findings of the study complement existing research findings and information on public debt management of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and other researchers. The major contribution of this thesis is the determination of optimal public debt thresholds for Zimbabwe. The optimal public debt thresholds were estimated from a joint analysis of the macroeconomic variables that affect public debt and the reaction of fiscal policy to changes in debt. The classical linear regression and Bayesian Vector Auto Regression (BVAR) models were applied to examine the drivers of debt accumulation and to assess the sensitivity of debt to macroeconomic shocks. The information from the drivers of public debt accumulation, together with the fiscal response mechanism was used to calibrate the long-run stable (optimal) public debt target. The optimal public debt threshold was also determined by assessing the link between public debt and economic growth. This assessment was carried out to establish the tipping point beyond which public debt adversely affects growth. Such a tipping point provides valuable information on the optimal size of public debt. The study also applied simulation approaches to determine the optimal composition of public debt. The results show that public debt dynamics in Zimbabwe largely comprised extensive stock flow adjustments emanating from extra budgetary expenditures to meet social and political related needs. The results of the assessment on the sensitivity of public debt to macroeconomic shocks show that Zimbabwe‟s public debt has been more vulnerable to economic growth, exchange rate and interest rate shocks. The significant influence of these variables highlights the role of automatic debt dynamics in public debt management. The results from the fiscal reaction function show that government has been responding positively to increases in public debt. This analysis also shows that government‟s policies are a-cyclical; as explained by the negative and insignificant response of the primary balance to the output gap. The dynamic stochastic simulation analysis suggests that Zimbabwe‟s public debt could follow an array of potential paths depending on the policy stance implemented by government. The simulated risk to public debt dynamics is larger, with an upper bound public debt to GDP ratio of 100 per cent and a lower bound public debt ratio of 32 per cent. The simulated lower bound provides a measure of a natural debt limit, which the government could adopt without fearing the risk of default. The results suggest that the main risks to public debt sustainability lie in growth shocks, whose volatility have been high for the period under study. The results from the analysis of growth and debt confirm the existence of an optimal growth maximising public debt ratio depicted by an inverted U-shaped relationship between public debt and economic growth. The optimal size of public debt was found to be at public debt levels of between 45-50 per cent of GDP. This means that higher public debt ratios have been associated with lower economic growth rates at debt levels above 50 per cent of GDP. The results are consistent with empirical findings for low income countries which suggest the existence of a debt laffer-curve. The results from an analysis of an optimal composition of public debt show a trade-off between a debt composition with more external concessional debt and one with more domestic debt. While a composition with more concessional borrowing was found to be desirable from a cost perspective, it proved to be less desirable from a risk perspective after taking into consideration stock flow adjustments due to changes in cross exchange rates. The findings of the study point to a need for the Zimbabwean government to swiftly respond to increases in public debt to control the swings in debt dynamics caused by macroeconomic shocks. The inverted U-shaped relationship between debt and growth suggests that government borrowing must be done in a way that simultaneously entrenches debt sustainability and ensures sustained economic growth rates in the medium to long-term. The study also highlights the need for counter-cyclical macroeconomic policies to avoid explosive debt dynamics emanating from frequent changes in the business cycle, and to minimise the interest/growth rate differential to ensure sustainable public debt dynamics. There is also a need for authorities to ensure a true balance between external and domestic borrowing to minimise the volatility in debt service costs caused by macroeconomic shocks. Generally, the findings from this study can assist in informing the policy agenda to address the imperatives of debt resolution, fiscal consolidation and economic growth acceleration.

This thesis deals with the reform theory of public administration called New Public Management, which is based on tools used in the private sector. The theoretical part provides a critical view of rational bureaucracy and seeks to highlight the benefits of using modern methods of management in the public sector. The practical part, mainly focused on the implementation of the New Public Management tools in the practice of public administration in the Czech Republic, is based on the results of empirical research.The survey results indicate use of particular methods of measuring the quality of public administration in the Czech Republic.

This essay aims to investigate one municipality's integration activities within the framework of Swedish integration policy. The municipality integrations activities are aimed at new arrivals. The purpose is to explain how municipal integration activities in practice relate to the framework of Swedish integration policy in connection with helping enrolled participants towards self-sufficiency. That is, whether they fulfill the requirement from the integration policy. The method is based on institutional ethnography. I derive the research question from knowledge obtained in connection to an internship I exercised at a labor market and integration unit in a Swedish municipality for fifteen weeks. I conducted qualitative interviews with staff working at the integration unit. I derived the theoretical framework mainly from Dorothy Smiths's work on institutional circles and ruling relations and Pierre Bourdieu's on capital, field, and habitus. The results show that Swedish integration policy operates by the new public management model, where individual responsibility for self-sufficiency is the focus. When the individual's responsibility does not meet society's expectations, the individual is excluded. This may be due to poor Swedish language skills for new arrivals. The unit manager opens up municipal integration activities by applying for EU funding. The EU funds require the unit to adapt and report on its activities after their wishes. Then, they can got continued financing. The staff enables participants to take individual responsibility by showing participants how to master the required authority-defined digital tools. It can be how to identify yourself via bank id. Finally, the staff work under a textual regime that requires the participant to achieve literacy to integrate with society more effectively.

The practice and study of public administration has long included questions of efficiency, effectiveness, and economy. In the literature of the last decade, the New Public Management (NPM) movement argues that government should be run like a business and that entrepreneurial-based techniques should be utilized in an effort to enhance government performance. The normative perspective, however, raises counter ideas. The primary purpose of this research is to examine the impact of managed competition, a NPM technique, on four primary study areas including (1) democratic governance, (2) the politics administration dichotomy, (3) organizational effects, and (4) accountability. The study findings indicate that the economic model has had a significant impact on the four study areas to varying degrees. The theoretical propositions posed in the study center around principal-agent theory, public choice theory, and the market model and aid in reconciling the NPM perspective with normative considerations applicable to local government practice. Examining managed competition allows us to see how Charlotte has evolved in its attempt to meet demands from both perspectives. / Ph. D.

This research project seeks to identify commonalities and differences between new administrative ideologies in the United States and post-Soviet Russia. To achieve this goal, the study explores the question of administrative ideology through the lens of the New Public Management (NPM) related reforms, which spread around much of the world in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The discussion is structured around two broad themes identified in the review of the literature on NPM and Reinventing Government: the new vision of the government (and its bureaucracy) and the relationship between government and the public. As a method of inquiry, the study uses the review and analysis of official publications and elite interviews with high-ranking officials, analysts, and scholars in the United States and Russia. The research demonstrates that although new ideologies of administration in the United States and Russia share significant characteristics, they differ in a number of important respects. / Ph. D.

Thesis (PhD (School of Public Management and Planning ))—Stellenbosch University, 2008. / This study focuses on the determinants for the development of a human resource strategy in the Provincial Government Western Cape (PGWC).The context is that a new regulatory framework for human resource development in South Africa, namely the National Human Resource Development Strategy (NHRDS) was developed by the National Ministries of Education and Labour in 2001. The purpose of the NHRDS was to provide a plan to ensure that people in South Africa are equipped to fully participate in society, to be able to find or create work, and to benefit fairly from it. At the heart of the NHRDS is the belief that enhancing the general and specific abilities of all citizens is a necessary response to the current situation in South Africa. The hypothetical point of departure of this study is formulated in such a way that acceptance of it constitutes support for the findings obtained from the literature and observations on HRD strategies as well as the implementation of the NHRDS in the PGWC. The problem for the purpose of this dissertation focuses on the research question: What is the role and context of HRD in the South African public service and does the implementation of the NHRDS justify the need and development of a HRD strategy in the PGWC? The qualitative research method that was chosen for this dissertation is the triangulation of grounded theory and a specific case study (mixed method). In this case, data used to provisionally assess the extent of implementation of the NHRDS in the PGWC, are specific key documents. To facilitate the research, to identify the core theoretical concepts and to investigate the problems identified in this study, the focus was subdivided into five research objectives which are analysed in chapters two to six of the dissertation. These are: · To provide an analysis of the nature, development, scope and concepts of Human Resource Management, Human Resource Development (HRD), training, and education, in order to examine the influence of these important external variables on the process of HRD in a public sector organisational setting and to provide context to the need for a NHRDS in South Africa. · To provide an overview of the relevant trends of transformation in South Africa with a focus on the origin, nature and implications of the transformation of South Africa after 1994 as well as the impact of the public service transformation HRD interventions in general. · To provide a systemic exploration of the scope and legislative and policy framework for HRD in the public sector in South Africa in general through an overview of the NHRDS and other HRD education and training strategies in order to provide an exposition of the rationale of the NHRDS and to get clarity on the conceptualisation of HRD in terms of skills for service delivery in the public sector. · To provide an exploration of conceptual knowledge of the variables influencing HRD through the application of a literature and documentary study of the present strategies (both internal and external) of the PGWC to develop its human resources, in order to describe and analyse the outcomes of the NHRDS process in the PGWC as well as the strategies and procedures employed to implement the NHRDS in the PGWC. · To develop a set of indicators against which the interaction of the variables influencing a successful strategy for HRD can be measured through the implementation of the NHRDS in the PGWC. The last chapter presents a synthesis of the study, taking into account the key findings. This dissertation is an attempt to make a contribution, in general, to the understanding of the role of the development of human resources through the NHRDS and is completed in the trust that the findings recorded here and the proposals made will be useful for future research. The potential benefits that can arise from the implementation of the NHRDS in the PGWC are significant. It could create a virtuous circle of increased economic growth and employment, an improved standard of living, and a more educated and trained citizenry. In conclusion, it can be stated that the hypothetical point of departure that were formulated for this study, was proven to be correct in theory and practice.