This qualitative study explored the experiences and insights of four alumnae from a girls’ after-school writing program and the program’s transformative impact on development of their literacy, their voice, and their confidence. The writing program, InkGirls (a pseudonym), was for girls of color ages 13 to 18 who lived in metropolitan Los Angeles. Participants attended high-density public schools located in low-income neighborhoods. Curriculum and instructional practices in such public schools have been critiqued as substandard, rote, and lacking opportunities for critical thinking and student voice (Darder, 2015). Gender bias in the classroom, and the lack of representation of women of color in instructional materials also have been legitimate concerns in U.S. public schooling (Sadker, Sadker, & Zittleman, 2009). Using a theoretical framework of critical pedagogy (Freire, 2000) and critical feminist pedagogy (Weiler, 1988), this qualitative study investigated practices of critical literacy (Christensen, 2009) in the writing program that promoted development of literacy and voice and elevated the critical consciousness and social agency of the participants. The program’s elements of critical literacy included studying relatable texts, reading from critical perspectives, writing personal narratives, and completing social action projects in public readings for a live audience. The findings from the program’s curriculum and public readings, and the perceptions of the former participants pointed to critical literacy as an effective approach to literacy instruction and development of voice and agency.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender teórico-metodológica e ideologicamente a proposta da disciplina Projeto de Vida nas escolas do Programa Ensino Integral (PEI) do Estado de São Paulo a partir da perspectiva da Orientação Profissional. Com base no construcionismo social, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo dos discursos sociais e narrativas pessoais produzidos em documentos escolares e nos grupos focais com professores e alunos de duas escolas da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. É possível compreender que a disciplina Projeto de Vida pode ser entendida teórico e metodologicamente como ação de Orientação Profissional. A disciplina articula-se com o projeto da escola e o professor tem papel central nas práticas desenvolvidas, mas o PEI não tem oferecido uma formação adequada para o mesmo, nem recursos materiais suficientes. Em termos ideológicos, os discursos sociais produzidos têm como sua principal base a meritocracia neoliberal e a formação universitária é valorizada enquanto objetivo primordial do projeto de vida. O aluno, enquanto protagonista, deverá desenvolver as competências necessárias para alcançar seus objetivos. No entanto, os discursos hegemônicos mencionados são parciais, pois são encontradas divergências entre estas produções discursivas predominantes e as narrativas de professores e alunos. Também, permanece ausente uma reflexão sobre a atual estrutura sociolaboral, seu contexto histórico-político e seu impacto em grupos marginalizados. Nesse sentido, uma aproximação entre o programa e a Orientação Profissional faz-se relevante, especialmente na questão da formação de professores e no papel que desempenham para a construção do projeto de vida dos alunos / This research aimed to understand theoretical-methodological and ideologically the proposal of the discipline Life`s project in the schools of the Full-time Education Program (PEI) of the State of São Paulo from the perspective of Career Guidance. Based on social constructionism, a content analysis of social discourses and personal narratives produced in school documents and in the focus groups with teachers and students from two schools of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo was carried out. It is possible to understand that the Life`s project discipline can be understood theoretical and methodologically as a Career Guidance action. The discipline is articulated with the school project and the teacher plays a central role in the developed practices, but the PEI has not offered adequate training for it, nor sufficient material resources. In ideological terms, the social discourses produced have as their main basis neoliberal meritocracy and university education is valued as the primary objective of the life`s project. The student, as protagonist, should develop the necessary skills to achieve his goals. However, the mentioned hegemonic discourses are partial, because divergences are found between these predominant discursive productions and the narratives of teachers and students. Also, a reflection on the current socio-labor structure, its historical-political context and its impact on marginalized groups remains absent. In this sense, an approximation between the program and the Career Guidance becomes relevant, especially in the issue of teacher education and the role they play in the construction of the students\' life project

O problema de pesquisa proposto é: como os quilombolas situam a educação escolar pública frente à conquista de seus direitos? A principal hipótese focalizada é que os quilombolas situam a educação escolar pública como necessária para fazer realizar direitos fundamentais, considerados uma constante na vivência e na luta política de suas comunidades. Contudo, as escolas quilombolas dão sinais de serem comuns às de outras regiões, indiferentes à peculiaridade do grupo social ao qual devem servir e aos seus movimentos por direitos. O fato contraria as expectativas de quilombolas das comunidades focalizadas por esta pesquisa quanto à escolarização, pois essas pessoas situam a escola como necessária para fazer realizar direitos fundamentais. Para o exame da hipótese, a pesquisa consistiu de estudos de casos de seis escolas municipais e uma estadual, localizadas em comunidades quilombolas no município de Eldorado, Vale do Ribeira, estado de São Paulo. Para caracterizar como quilombolas situam as escolas, esta pesquisa se baseou em conversas realizadas com lideranças e demais pessoas sócias das associações quilombolas, assim como com pessoal que trabalha nas escolas e na hierarquia superior de administração. Essas conversas serviram ainda para compreender qual tem sido a atuação das escolas frente aos movimentos por direitos caros às comunidades às quais atendem. Concluiu-se que quilombolas daquela região situam as escolas como necessárias para a realização de seus direitos, muito embora estas se mantenham alheias ao movimento quilombola. / The research problem is: how do quilombolas situate the public-school education facing the conquest of their rights? The main hypothesis is that quilombolas situate public school education as necessary to accomplish fundamental rights, considered as permanent in the experience and political struggle of their communities. However, quilombola schools show signs of being similar to those of other regions, being indifferent to the peculiarity of the social group to which they should serve and also to their rights movements. This fact contradicts the expectations of quilombola communities studied in this research regarding the schooling, since they situate the school as necessary to achieve their fundamental rights. In order to examine the hypothesis, the research consisted of case studies of six schools of the municipality and one school of the state, located in quilombola communities in the municipality of Eldorado, in Vale do Ribeira region, São Paulo State. In order to characterize how quilombolas situate the schools, this research was based on conversations with leaders and others quilombola partners associations, as well as with schools staff and members of the upper administration hierarchy. Also, these conversations enable us to understand which role has been played by schools in relation to the movements rights which are so important to communities to which they serve. It was concluded that quilombolas from that region situate the schools as necessary for achieve their rights, although the schools remain alien to the quilombolas movement.

No presente trabalho realizamos a investigação do que denominamos de dinâmica de interferências, conjunto de intervenções diretas no tempo-espaço da aula, que ocorre nas escolas públicas (redes municipal e estadual) localizadas no município de São Paulo. Diversas instâncias da instituição escolar intervêm diretamente nas escolas públicas paulistanas, interrompendo o trabalho que os professores realizam com seus alunos. A partir da análise de textos oficiais e de enunciados de professores (proferidos entre 2010 e 2014, no âmbito de grupo de pesquisas e estudos), verificamos que a dinâmica de interferências é resultado de um acúmulo de projetos implantados nas escolas, muitos deles com o objetivo de garantir uma educação escolar de qualidade. O atual modelo de gestão em rede dos sistemas municipal e estadual proporciona as condições necessárias para que essa política educacional tenha uma distribuição relativamente homogênea, posto que há intervenções no tempo-espaço da aula em praticamente todas as escolas públicas de São Paulo. Essa dinâmica de interferências acarreta problemas para os professores, especialmente no que tange a aplicação do plano de trabalho docente, que é frequentemente interrompida. Os professores adotam diferentes estratégias para lidar com as interferências, buscando formas de garantir a aplicação do seu plano, mas o resultado final fica aquém do esperado pelos professores. Assim, apesar de as políticas educacionais se pautarem no discurso da qualidade de ensino, a dinâmica de interferências no tempo-espaço da aula vem prejudicando o trabalho docente e, consequentemente, a educação escolar. / In the present work we investigate what we call the \"dynamics of interferences\", which consist of a series of direct interventions in the class space-time in public schools (state and municipal systems) located in the City of São Paulo. Various education institution bodies intervene directly in public schools of São Paulo, interrupting teachers work with their students. Based on the analysis of official documents and teachers statements (made between 2010 and 2014, within the scope of a research and study group), we have verified that the interferences are the result of an accumulation of projects implemented in schools most of them aiming to ensure the quality of school education. The current network management model, at state and municipal levels, provides the necessary conditions for a relatively homogenous implementation of such educational policy, since interventions in the class space-time occur in nearly all public schools in São Paulo. These dynamics of interferences cause problems for teachers, especially regarding the execution of their work plan, which is frequently interrupted. Teachers make use of various strategies to deal with the interferences, searching for ways to ensure the execution of their plan, but the result ends up being below teachers expectations. Therefore, despite the fact that educational policies are implemented on the grounds of quality of education, the dynamics of interferences in class space-time have been proving damaging to teachers work and, consequently, to school education as a whole.

Esse estudo buscou identificar e analisar as práticas desenvolvidas por psicólogos da rede pública de Educação, visando compreender desafios e possibilidades presentes no processo de construção de uma atuação coerente com as discussões presentes na literatura da área de Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, cuja perspectiva centra-se no processo de escolarização e nas relações de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento que se produzem no cotidiano escolar. Elegeu-se como método investigativo a abordagem qualitativa de estudo de caso, optando-se por acompanhar o trabalho de uma equipe de psicólogos escolares que atuam em uma Secretaria Municipal de Educação do estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, foram realizados os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: a) acompanhamento de psicólogos em visitas a Unidades Escolares; b) participação em contexto formativo da equipe e c) entrevista coletiva. Esses momentos foram registrados em um diário de campo, privilegiando-se como método de análise os conteúdos presentes nas falas, nas ações e proposições apresentadas durante os encontros realizados. A partir desse conjunto de informações, temos a destacar os seguintes aspectos: a) um dos focos centrais de atuação do grupo de psicólogos diz respeito à implementação da política de Educação Inclusiva no município, acompanhando crianças incluídas na rede regular de ensino e assessorando escolas nesse processo. As estratégias de atuação incluem conversas com gestores e professores, observação dos alunos em sala de aula, reunião com pais, grupo com alunos; b) de maneira geral, destacam-se, nas ações dos profissionais, práticas e concepções coerentes com a perspectiva que considera a importância das dimensões sociais, pedagógicas, políticas e institucionais como constitutivas do processo de escolarização, de maneira a incentivar a participação de todos os atores escolares no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, a reflexão sobre práticas pedagógicas excludentes, e o investimento na formação docente. Também foram apontados alguns desafios: a) divergências de expectativas em relação ao trabalho de psicólogos na escola por parte de professores e/ou gestores, que ainda esperam uma atuação clínica do psicólogo na Educação; b) dificuldades em constituir espaços de intervenção mais coletivos nos quais professores e gestores possam trocar experiências e produzir reflexões juntos; c) ausência de reuniões entre a própria equipe técnica. Por fim, essa pesquisa permitiu compreender elementos presentes no processo de construção de uma atuação do psicólogo escolar numa perspectiva crítica no âmbito do ensino público, podendo assim contribuir para a elaboração de políticas públicas capazes de responder às necessidades reais das escolas / The objective of this study is to identify and analyze the practices developed by psychologists in the public education system in order to understand the challenges and possibilities in the development process of such practices. These practices are consistent with the recent literature of the School Psychology whose perspective focuses in the schooling process and the learning and development relations established between teachers and students in the school routine. The research method was based in a qualitative case study of school psychologists team, that works in an educational municipality department of São Paulo. For this purpose, the following methodological procedures were followed: a) monitoring psychologists visits in schools; b) participation in the formation moment of the psychologists team; c) one group interview. All situations were registered in a field diary and some of them were highlighted in the analyses. One of the most important actions of the psychologists team concerns the implementation of an inclusive education policy, which means supporting the children accepted in the regular school and helping schools in this process. The strategies include talking to principal and teachers; observing the students in the classroom; participating in meetings with parents; organizing focal groups with the students. In general, the professionals have practices and conceptions that value the importance of the social, educational, political and institutional aspects as constitutive elements of the schooling process. These practices also encourage: a) the involvement of all school actors in the process of teaching and learning; b) the reflection on excluding teaching practices; c) investment in teacher training. Some challenges were also highlighted: a) differing expectations of teachers and principal about the work of psychologists in school, the first one seems to be still awaiting for clinical psychologists performance in education; b) difficulties in constituting collective spaces of intervention in which teachers and principals can exchange experiences and ideas; c) lack of opportunities for exchange between the psychologists team. Finally, this research contribute to understand of some elements of the school psychologist\'s development practices in a critical perspective in the context of public education system, it also contributes to the elaboration of public policies to address schools concrete necessities

No presente trabalho realizamos a investigação do que denominamos de dinâmica de interferências, conjunto de intervenções diretas no tempo-espaço da aula, que ocorre nas escolas públicas (redes municipal e estadual) localizadas no município de São Paulo. Diversas instâncias da instituição escolar intervêm diretamente nas escolas públicas paulistanas, interrompendo o trabalho que os professores realizam com seus alunos. A partir da análise de textos oficiais e de enunciados de professores (proferidos entre 2010 e 2014, no âmbito de grupo de pesquisas e estudos), verificamos que a dinâmica de interferências é resultado de um acúmulo de projetos implantados nas escolas, muitos deles com o objetivo de garantir uma educação escolar de qualidade. O atual modelo de gestão em rede dos sistemas municipal e estadual proporciona as condições necessárias para que essa política educacional tenha uma distribuição relativamente homogênea, posto que há intervenções no tempo-espaço da aula em praticamente todas as escolas públicas de São Paulo. Essa dinâmica de interferências acarreta problemas para os professores, especialmente no que tange a aplicação do plano de trabalho docente, que é frequentemente interrompida. Os professores adotam diferentes estratégias para lidar com as interferências, buscando formas de garantir a aplicação do seu plano, mas o resultado final fica aquém do esperado pelos professores. Assim, apesar de as políticas educacionais se pautarem no discurso da qualidade de ensino, a dinâmica de interferências no tempo-espaço da aula vem prejudicando o trabalho docente e, consequentemente, a educação escolar. / In the present work we investigate what we call the \"dynamics of interferences\", which consist of a series of direct interventions in the class space-time in public schools (state and municipal systems) located in the City of São Paulo. Various education institution bodies intervene directly in public schools of São Paulo, interrupting teachers work with their students. Based on the analysis of official documents and teachers statements (made between 2010 and 2014, within the scope of a research and study group), we have verified that the interferences are the result of an accumulation of projects implemented in schools most of them aiming to ensure the quality of school education. The current network management model, at state and municipal levels, provides the necessary conditions for a relatively homogenous implementation of such educational policy, since interventions in the class space-time occur in nearly all public schools in São Paulo. These dynamics of interferences cause problems for teachers, especially regarding the execution of their work plan, which is frequently interrupted. Teachers make use of various strategies to deal with the interferences, searching for ways to ensure the execution of their plan, but the result ends up being below teachers expectations. Therefore, despite the fact that educational policies are implemented on the grounds of quality of education, the dynamics of interferences in class space-time have been proving damaging to teachers work and, consequently, to school education as a whole.

O problema de pesquisa proposto é: como os quilombolas situam a educação escolar pública frente à conquista de seus direitos? A principal hipótese focalizada é que os quilombolas situam a educação escolar pública como necessária para fazer realizar direitos fundamentais, considerados uma constante na vivência e na luta política de suas comunidades. Contudo, as escolas quilombolas dão sinais de serem comuns às de outras regiões, indiferentes à peculiaridade do grupo social ao qual devem servir e aos seus movimentos por direitos. O fato contraria as expectativas de quilombolas das comunidades focalizadas por esta pesquisa quanto à escolarização, pois essas pessoas situam a escola como necessária para fazer realizar direitos fundamentais. Para o exame da hipótese, a pesquisa consistiu de estudos de casos de seis escolas municipais e uma estadual, localizadas em comunidades quilombolas no município de Eldorado, Vale do Ribeira, estado de São Paulo. Para caracterizar como quilombolas situam as escolas, esta pesquisa se baseou em conversas realizadas com lideranças e demais pessoas sócias das associações quilombolas, assim como com pessoal que trabalha nas escolas e na hierarquia superior de administração. Essas conversas serviram ainda para compreender qual tem sido a atuação das escolas frente aos movimentos por direitos caros às comunidades às quais atendem. Concluiu-se que quilombolas daquela região situam as escolas como necessárias para a realização de seus direitos, muito embora estas se mantenham alheias ao movimento quilombola. / The research problem is: how do quilombolas situate the public-school education facing the conquest of their rights? The main hypothesis is that quilombolas situate public school education as necessary to accomplish fundamental rights, considered as permanent in the experience and political struggle of their communities. However, quilombola schools show signs of being similar to those of other regions, being indifferent to the peculiarity of the social group to which they should serve and also to their rights movements. This fact contradicts the expectations of quilombola communities studied in this research regarding the schooling, since they situate the school as necessary to achieve their fundamental rights. In order to examine the hypothesis, the research consisted of case studies of six schools of the municipality and one school of the state, located in quilombola communities in the municipality of Eldorado, in Vale do Ribeira region, São Paulo State. In order to characterize how quilombolas situate the schools, this research was based on conversations with leaders and others quilombola partners associations, as well as with schools staff and members of the upper administration hierarchy. Also, these conversations enable us to understand which role has been played by schools in relation to the movements rights which are so important to communities to which they serve. It was concluded that quilombolas from that region situate the schools as necessary for achieve their rights, although the schools remain alien to the quilombolas movement.

The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of creative drama- based instruction on 7th grade students&rsquo / achievement in probability concept and their attitude toward mathematics. Another purpose of the study is to investigate the gender differences regarding mathematics achievement and attitude. The study was conducted with two 7th grade classes from a public school in the 2010-2011 academic year, lasting 17 lesson hours (six weeks). Twenty-two of the participants received Creative Drama Based Instruction (CDBI), and twenty-one received Regular Instruction (RI). Experimental design was used in which two different learning environments / creative drama based instruction and regular instruction was compared. In order to measure students&rsquo / mathematics achievement Probability Achievement Test (PAT) was used. The participants were given Mathematics Attitude Scale (MAS), in order to quantify the levels of attitude towards mathematics. These instruments were implemented before and after the treatment as pre-test and post-test. Independent samples t-test was performed on gain scores of PAT and MAS. Moreover, two way ANOVA was performed to examine the data. Two way ANOVA results yielded that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of Experimental Group and Control Group in terms of achievement in favor of Experimental Group. Moreover, female students had significantly higher mathematics achievement scores than males. The results of mathematics attitude scale showed that the seventh grade students&rsquo / attitudes towards mathematics were not significantly different with respect to teaching method. Also, it could be stated that gender difference regarding of mean attitude scores was not statistically significant.

The purpose of this study was to reveal and define the problems middle school mathematics teachers experienced in applying transformational geometry and the solutions they proposed to overcome these problems. A total of six elementary mathematics teachers (grades 5-8) in Ankara participated in the study. The data were collected by means of one-to-one interviews with the participants. The findings indicated that the participants&rsquo / problems divided into three parts. These problems were problems arising from teachers, problems arising from students and problems arising from resources. The participants expressed challenges in teaching due to lack of materials, textbooks, and visualization ability of teachers, classroom size, and time. According to the findings, rotation was the most problematic issue. The participants claimed insufficient technological materials were the reason of this problem. Participants did not feel confidence enough to implement transformational geometry especially in rotation since they lacked adequate training and support. The participants claimed that the Ministry&rsquo / s support should be increased, concrete and technological materials should be sufficient in number, and the duration of transformational geometry lesson should be increased.

The purpose of the study is to explore relationships among elementary school students&amp / #8217 / gender, relevant prior knowledge, meaningful learning orientation, reasoning ability, self-efficacy, locus of control, attitudes toward science and achievement in genetics in learning cycle and traditional classrooms. The study was conducted on 213 8th grade students from eight classes of two public elementary schools in Ankara in 2005-2006 Spring-semester. Students in the experimental group (N=104) received learning cycle instruction that helps students acquire conceptual understanding of scientific concepts, and the students in the control group (N=109) received traditional instruction. The students were given Genetics Achievement Test as a pre-test before and as a post-test after the instruction. Students were also given Learning Approach Questionnaire that measures students&amp / #8217 / learning orientations and Test of Logical Thinking that determines students&amp / #8217 / reasoning abilities. Students&amp / #8217 / levels of self-efficacy, locus of control and their attitudes toward science also were measured. One-way ANOVA analysis revealed that learning cycle instruction improved students&amp / #8217 / achievement in genetics compared to traditional instruction. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that in learning cycle classrooms, the main predictors of achievement in genetics were students&amp / #8217 / meaningful learning orientation (49.6%) and their attitudes toward science (11.8%). In traditional classrooms, students&amp / #8217 / attitudes toward science (44%) and reasoning ability (9.8%) were the main predictors of achievement while remaining 5.7% of the variance explained by relevant prior knowledge, locus of control and meaningful learning orientation. This study revealed that different variables may be important for 8th grade students&amp / #8217 / genetics achievement in learning cycle and traditional classes.