In the thesis, we introduce linear regression models such as Simple Linear Regression, Multiple Regression, and Polynomial Regression. We explain basic methods of the model parameters estimation, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The properties of the estimates, and what assumptions need to be made for the model for the estimates to be the Best Linear Unbiased Estimates (BLUE) are given. The basic Bootstrap methods are introduced. The real world problem is simulated in order to see how measurement error affects the quotient of two estimated models.

Introdução: São vistos muitos efeitos benéficos do aleitamento materno. Estudos demonstram que crianças amamentadas com leite materno quando comparadas às alimentadas com fórmulas lácteas artificiais, apresentam melhor desenvolvimento cognitivo. Em pacientes com esquizofrenia, o aleitamento materno vem sendo avaliado como fator de proteção. Os níveis de quimiocinas CCL11, marcador biológico relacionado principalmente com o envelhecimento precoce, também tem sido associado ao desempenho cognitivo nesses pacientes. Estudos mostram uma correlação negativa deste marcador com o desempenho em testes de memória de trabalho e com a tarefa de flexibilidade cognitiva. Sendo assim, surge o interesse em estudar as diferenças entre níveis plasmáticos da quimiocina CCL11, quociente de inteligência e história do aleitamento materno (no peito) em pacientes com esquizofrenia e controles. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle com 56 indivíduos, sendo 30 pacientes com esquizofrenia e 26 controles saudáveis, divididos em grupos que foram aleitados e grupos que não foram. Foi aplicado questionário com dados sócio-econômicos, história ao nascer, dados clínicos e alimentação ao nascer. Foi dosado a quimiocina CCL11 e aplicado testes psicológicos para avaliarem quociente de inteligência, funcionalidade, sintomas psiquiátricos, curso da doença e diagnóstico. Para os controles foi utilizada uma escala para descartar doença psiquiátrica. Resultados: A quimiocina CCL11 apresentou valores significativamente mais altos (>0,5) em pacientes com esquizofrenia quando comparados aos controles e no grupo de amamentados, os esquizofrênicos também apresentaram valores significativamente mais altos, mas em nível intermediário (entre 0.106 e 0.5). Não houve correlação da CCL11 com o número de hospitalizações, idade, tempo de diagnóstico e escolaridade. Também não foi evidenciada correlação entre tempo de aleitamento materno em relação aos fatores do Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Houve uma tendência de correlação entre a idade de início da doença e o aleitamento materno. Foi encontrada correlação positiva do CCL11 com o tempo de aleitamento materno. Ao comparar os pacientes esquizofrênicos que foram aleitados com os que não foram, foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa apenas para o quociente de inteligência. Conclusão: O aleitamento materno está associado a níveis mais baixos de CCL11, escores mais altos de quociente de inteligência e com a esquizofrenia. A quimiocina CCL11 é mais alta em quem não amamentou, especialmente nos esquizofrênicos. / Introduction: Are seen many beneficial effects of breastfeeding. Studies show that children breastfed, compared to fed artificial milk formulas, have better cognitive development. In patients with schizophrenia, breastfeeding has been evaluated as a protective factor. The levels of CCL11 chemokine, biomarker related mainly to premature aging, have also been associated with cognitive performance in these patients. Studies show a negative correlation of this marker with the performance of working memory tests and with cognitive flexibility task. Thus, there is the interest in studying the differences between plasma levels of CCL11 chemokine, intelligence quotient and history of breastfeeding in patients with schizophrenia and controls. Methods: Case-control study with 56 subjects, 30 patients with schizophrenia and 26 healthy individuals divided into groups that were breastfed group and those who were not. A socio-economic survey, birth history, clinical data and power at birth was applied. It was dosed to CCL11 chemokine and applied psychological tests to assess intelligence quotient, functionality, psychiatric symptoms, course of the disease and diagnosis. For the controls we used a scale to rule out psychiatric illness. Results: The chemokine CCL11 had significantly higher values (> 0.5) in patients with schizophrenia compared with controls and the breastfed group, schizophrenics also had significantly higher values, but on intermediate level (between 0.106 and 0.5). There was no correlation of CCL11 to the number of hospitalizations, age, time of diagnosis and education. It was also not evident correlation between duration of breastfeeding in relation to factors of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. There was a trend of correlation between the age of onset of the disease and breastfeeding. There was a positive correlation between CCL11 with the duration of breastfeeding. By comparing the schizophrenic patients who were breastfed with those who were not, there was a statistically significant difference only for the intelligence quotient. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is associated with lower levels of CCL11, higher intelligence quotient scores and schizophrenia. The CCL11 chemokine is higher in those who did not breastfeed, especially in schizophrenic.

Introdução: São vistos muitos efeitos benéficos do aleitamento materno. Estudos demonstram que crianças amamentadas com leite materno quando comparadas às alimentadas com fórmulas lácteas artificiais, apresentam melhor desenvolvimento cognitivo. Em pacientes com esquizofrenia, o aleitamento materno vem sendo avaliado como fator de proteção. Os níveis de quimiocinas CCL11, marcador biológico relacionado principalmente com o envelhecimento precoce, também tem sido associado ao desempenho cognitivo nesses pacientes. Estudos mostram uma correlação negativa deste marcador com o desempenho em testes de memória de trabalho e com a tarefa de flexibilidade cognitiva. Sendo assim, surge o interesse em estudar as diferenças entre níveis plasmáticos da quimiocina CCL11, quociente de inteligência e história do aleitamento materno (no peito) em pacientes com esquizofrenia e controles. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle com 56 indivíduos, sendo 30 pacientes com esquizofrenia e 26 controles saudáveis, divididos em grupos que foram aleitados e grupos que não foram. Foi aplicado questionário com dados sócio-econômicos, história ao nascer, dados clínicos e alimentação ao nascer. Foi dosado a quimiocina CCL11 e aplicado testes psicológicos para avaliarem quociente de inteligência, funcionalidade, sintomas psiquiátricos, curso da doença e diagnóstico. Para os controles foi utilizada uma escala para descartar doença psiquiátrica. Resultados: A quimiocina CCL11 apresentou valores significativamente mais altos (>0,5) em pacientes com esquizofrenia quando comparados aos controles e no grupo de amamentados, os esquizofrênicos também apresentaram valores significativamente mais altos, mas em nível intermediário (entre 0.106 e 0.5). Não houve correlação da CCL11 com o número de hospitalizações, idade, tempo de diagnóstico e escolaridade. Também não foi evidenciada correlação entre tempo de aleitamento materno em relação aos fatores do Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Houve uma tendência de correlação entre a idade de início da doença e o aleitamento materno. Foi encontrada correlação positiva do CCL11 com o tempo de aleitamento materno. Ao comparar os pacientes esquizofrênicos que foram aleitados com os que não foram, foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa apenas para o quociente de inteligência. Conclusão: O aleitamento materno está associado a níveis mais baixos de CCL11, escores mais altos de quociente de inteligência e com a esquizofrenia. A quimiocina CCL11 é mais alta em quem não amamentou, especialmente nos esquizofrênicos. / Introduction: Are seen many beneficial effects of breastfeeding. Studies show that children breastfed, compared to fed artificial milk formulas, have better cognitive development. In patients with schizophrenia, breastfeeding has been evaluated as a protective factor. The levels of CCL11 chemokine, biomarker related mainly to premature aging, have also been associated with cognitive performance in these patients. Studies show a negative correlation of this marker with the performance of working memory tests and with cognitive flexibility task. Thus, there is the interest in studying the differences between plasma levels of CCL11 chemokine, intelligence quotient and history of breastfeeding in patients with schizophrenia and controls. Methods: Case-control study with 56 subjects, 30 patients with schizophrenia and 26 healthy individuals divided into groups that were breastfed group and those who were not. A socio-economic survey, birth history, clinical data and power at birth was applied. It was dosed to CCL11 chemokine and applied psychological tests to assess intelligence quotient, functionality, psychiatric symptoms, course of the disease and diagnosis. For the controls we used a scale to rule out psychiatric illness. Results: The chemokine CCL11 had significantly higher values (> 0.5) in patients with schizophrenia compared with controls and the breastfed group, schizophrenics also had significantly higher values, but on intermediate level (between 0.106 and 0.5). There was no correlation of CCL11 to the number of hospitalizations, age, time of diagnosis and education. It was also not evident correlation between duration of breastfeeding in relation to factors of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. There was a trend of correlation between the age of onset of the disease and breastfeeding. There was a positive correlation between CCL11 with the duration of breastfeeding. By comparing the schizophrenic patients who were breastfed with those who were not, there was a statistically significant difference only for the intelligence quotient. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is associated with lower levels of CCL11, higher intelligence quotient scores and schizophrenia. The CCL11 chemokine is higher in those who did not breastfeed, especially in schizophrenic.

Introdução: São vistos muitos efeitos benéficos do aleitamento materno. Estudos demonstram que crianças amamentadas com leite materno quando comparadas às alimentadas com fórmulas lácteas artificiais, apresentam melhor desenvolvimento cognitivo. Em pacientes com esquizofrenia, o aleitamento materno vem sendo avaliado como fator de proteção. Os níveis de quimiocinas CCL11, marcador biológico relacionado principalmente com o envelhecimento precoce, também tem sido associado ao desempenho cognitivo nesses pacientes. Estudos mostram uma correlação negativa deste marcador com o desempenho em testes de memória de trabalho e com a tarefa de flexibilidade cognitiva. Sendo assim, surge o interesse em estudar as diferenças entre níveis plasmáticos da quimiocina CCL11, quociente de inteligência e história do aleitamento materno (no peito) em pacientes com esquizofrenia e controles. Métodos: Estudo caso-controle com 56 indivíduos, sendo 30 pacientes com esquizofrenia e 26 controles saudáveis, divididos em grupos que foram aleitados e grupos que não foram. Foi aplicado questionário com dados sócio-econômicos, história ao nascer, dados clínicos e alimentação ao nascer. Foi dosado a quimiocina CCL11 e aplicado testes psicológicos para avaliarem quociente de inteligência, funcionalidade, sintomas psiquiátricos, curso da doença e diagnóstico. Para os controles foi utilizada uma escala para descartar doença psiquiátrica. Resultados: A quimiocina CCL11 apresentou valores significativamente mais altos (>0,5) em pacientes com esquizofrenia quando comparados aos controles e no grupo de amamentados, os esquizofrênicos também apresentaram valores significativamente mais altos, mas em nível intermediário (entre 0.106 e 0.5). Não houve correlação da CCL11 com o número de hospitalizações, idade, tempo de diagnóstico e escolaridade. Também não foi evidenciada correlação entre tempo de aleitamento materno em relação aos fatores do Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Houve uma tendência de correlação entre a idade de início da doença e o aleitamento materno. Foi encontrada correlação positiva do CCL11 com o tempo de aleitamento materno. Ao comparar os pacientes esquizofrênicos que foram aleitados com os que não foram, foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa apenas para o quociente de inteligência. Conclusão: O aleitamento materno está associado a níveis mais baixos de CCL11, escores mais altos de quociente de inteligência e com a esquizofrenia. A quimiocina CCL11 é mais alta em quem não amamentou, especialmente nos esquizofrênicos. / Introduction: Are seen many beneficial effects of breastfeeding. Studies show that children breastfed, compared to fed artificial milk formulas, have better cognitive development. In patients with schizophrenia, breastfeeding has been evaluated as a protective factor. The levels of CCL11 chemokine, biomarker related mainly to premature aging, have also been associated with cognitive performance in these patients. Studies show a negative correlation of this marker with the performance of working memory tests and with cognitive flexibility task. Thus, there is the interest in studying the differences between plasma levels of CCL11 chemokine, intelligence quotient and history of breastfeeding in patients with schizophrenia and controls. Methods: Case-control study with 56 subjects, 30 patients with schizophrenia and 26 healthy individuals divided into groups that were breastfed group and those who were not. A socio-economic survey, birth history, clinical data and power at birth was applied. It was dosed to CCL11 chemokine and applied psychological tests to assess intelligence quotient, functionality, psychiatric symptoms, course of the disease and diagnosis. For the controls we used a scale to rule out psychiatric illness. Results: The chemokine CCL11 had significantly higher values (> 0.5) in patients with schizophrenia compared with controls and the breastfed group, schizophrenics also had significantly higher values, but on intermediate level (between 0.106 and 0.5). There was no correlation of CCL11 to the number of hospitalizations, age, time of diagnosis and education. It was also not evident correlation between duration of breastfeeding in relation to factors of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. There was a trend of correlation between the age of onset of the disease and breastfeeding. There was a positive correlation between CCL11 with the duration of breastfeeding. By comparing the schizophrenic patients who were breastfed with those who were not, there was a statistically significant difference only for the intelligence quotient. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is associated with lower levels of CCL11, higher intelligence quotient scores and schizophrenia. The CCL11 chemokine is higher in those who did not breastfeed, especially in schizophrenic.

Subjects comprised four groups including: 73 judges; 90 family law practitioners; 38 psychologists; and 43 psychology graduate students. The subjects completed surveys designating the five most relevant and the five least relevant factors of effective parenting from a list of 85 such factors. As hypothesized, the family law attorneys and family law judges generated similar clusters of factors while the results of the psychologists and psychology graduate students likewise clustered similarly. These results suggest the possibility of the existence of common cognitive structures used in the custody decision-making process. Results could be used in the modification and refinement of the Custody Quotient (CQ) Technique. Future study could focus more specifically on the cognitive structures particular subjects use in making custody decisions.

The introduction of fuzzy sets by Zadeh has created new research directions in many fields of mathematics. Fuzzy set theory was originally restricted to the lattice , but the thrust of more recent research has pertained to general lattices. The present work is primarily focused on the theory of lattice-valued convergence spaces; the category of lattice-valued convergence spaces has been shown to possess the following desirable categorical properties: topological, cartesian-closed, and extensional. Properties of quotient maps between objects in this category are investigated in this work; in particular, one of our principal results shows that quotient maps are productive under arbitrary products. A category of lattice-valued interior operators is defined and studied as well. Axioms are given in order for this category to be isomorphic to the category whose objects consist of all the stratified, lattice-valued, pretopological convergence spaces. Adding a lattice-valued convergence structure to a group leads to the creation of a new category whose objects are called lattice-valued convergence groups, and whose morphisms are all the continuous homomorphisms between objects. The latter category is studied and results related to separation properties are obtained. For the special lattice , continuous actions of a convergence semigroup on convergence spaces are investigated; in particular, invariance properties of actions as well as properties of a generalized quotient space are presented.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-05T13:43:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Diego Campana Loureiro.pdf: 6292509 bytes, checksum: 5485d752378d7d1a430cdb431c98ed44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-05T13:43:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Diego Campana Loureiro.pdf: 6292509 bytes, checksum: 5485d752378d7d1a430cdb431c98ed44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the plant management and soil vegetation cover in the microbial biomass and labile soil organic matter (SOM) levels, with the possibility of prediction about the fate of soil organic carbon in the Atlantic Forest biome. We studied different crop areas under organic cultivation of vegetables (intensive cultivation, minimum tillage and crop rotation), grazing areas of Paspalum notatum (PAS); remaining fragments of Atlantic Forest (RMA), and degraded soil areas (ADR). Three composite soil samples were collected in each area to a depth of 0-10 cm in a Red Yellow Podzolic soil. In each sample we determined the levels of C and N associated with the SMB, labile C, labile N, free light fraction and intra-aggregate SOM, microbial respiration, microbial quotient and metabolic quotient. It was also determined mineral fractions as sand, silt, and clay, gravimetric moisture content, as well as the chemical attributes (Ca2+, Mg2+, P2O5, K+, organic C, total N, Al3+, CEC and pH in water). The pasture area had the highest accumulation of carbon in the soil microbial biomass (SMB) with 384 mg C kg-1 soil, about 35% above the level seen in the remaining Atlantic Forest fragments, which was attributed to the intense development and cycling of the root system of grasses in the upper soil layer, a horizon with higher concentration of microorganisms. About 2% of total organic C is stored in the SMB in pasture areas. The introduction of agricultural practices in farming system considerably affected the levels of SMB, showing reduction average of 30% compared to the remaining forest fragments. The metabolic quotient (qCO2) indicated losses of soil C for the managed areas with crops, and among the different systems of agriculture, greater losses of C were observed in areas managed with short cycle crops, with frequent use of plowing and harrowing, prompting the search for management systems that minimize soil disturbance and prioritize the maintenance of vegetation cover. The degraded soil area was the environment that contributed the most to the separation of the multivariate groups, showing the area of higher differences for the microbial activity and SOM levels. The attributes with higher importance in the multivariate grouping were clay content and the microbial C/N ratio showing the significance of the use of SMB and soil texture attributes in distinguishing between different crop management systems and soil vegetation cover, showing the prediction potential for the fate of soil organic carbon. / O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influ?ncia do manejo fitot?cnico e da cobertura vegetal do solo na biomassa microbiana e fra??es l?beis da mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS), com a possibilidade de progn?stico sobre o destino do carbono org?nico do solo em um sistema integrado de produ??o agroecol?gica. Foram estudadas diferentes ?reas de lavoura sob cultivo org?nico de hortali?as (cultivo intensivo, cultivo m?nimo e cultivo rotacionado); ?reas de pastagens de Paspalum notatum (PAS); remanescentes florestais da Mata Atl?ntica (RMA); e ?reas degradadas (ADR). Tr?s amostras compostas de solo foram coletadas em cada ?rea a uma profundidade de 0-10 cm em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. Em cada amostra determinou-se os teores de C e N associados ? BMS, C e N l?beis, fra??o leve livre e intra-agregado da MOS, respira??o microbiana, quociente microbiano e quociente metab?lico. Determinaram-se tamb?m as fra??es granulom?tricas areia, silte, argila, umidade gravim?trica, bem como os atributos qu?micos (Ca2+, Mg2+, P2O5, K+, C org?nico, N total, Al3+, CTC e pH em ?gua). A ?rea de pastagem apresentou o maior ac?mulo de carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo (BMS), com 384 mg C kg-1 solo, cerca de 35 % acima dos valores observados nos remanescentes florestais da Mata Atl?ntica, o que foi atribu?do ao intenso desenvolvimento e ciclagem do sistema radicular das gram?neas forrageiras na camada superior do solo, regi?o que ocorre maior concentra??o de microrganismos. Cerca de 2 % do total de Corg org?nico est? estocado na BMS nas ?reas de pastagens. A introdu??o de pr?ticas agr?colas no sistema de lavoura afetou consideravelmente os teores de BMS-C, apresentando redu??o m?dia de 30% com rela??o aos remanescentes florestais. O quociente metab?lico (qCO2) indicou perdas de C do solo para as ?reas manejadas com culturas agr?colas, e dentre os diferentes sistemas de cultivo agr?cola, maiores perdas de C foram observados nas ?reas manejadas com culturas de ciclo curto, com uso freq?ente de ara??o e gradagem, alertando para a procura de sistemas de manejo que minimizem o revolvimento do solo e priorizem a manuten??o da cobertura vegetal. A ?rea degradada foi o ambiente que mais contribuiu para a separa??o dos grupos de an?lise multivariada, mostrando ser a ?rea mais discrepante em rela??o ? atividade microbiana e teores de MOS. As vari?veis com maior peso na forma??o dos agrupamentos foram o teor de argila e a rela??o C/N microbiana, mostrando a import?ncia do uso da BMS e atributos granulom?tricos do solo na distin??o de diferentes sistemas de manejo fitot?cnico e cobertura vegetal do solo, ampliando a possibilidade de progn?stico sobre o destino do carbono org?nico do solo.

Le premier chapitre de cette thèse est consacré, d'une part à l'étude des quotients kaehlériens et hyperkaehlériens dans le cadre banachique et, d'autre part, à la construction par quotient hyperkaehlérien (d'une variété banachique non hilbertienne par un groupe de Lie banachique) d'une variété hilbertienne qui s'identifie (en fonction de la structure complexe distinguée) soit à l'espace cotangent d'une composante connexe de la grassmannienne restreinte définie par G. Segal et G. Wilson, soit à une complexification naturelle de cette grassmannienne. Le second chapitre comprend trois parties. La première partie est consacrée à la classification des orbites coadjointes affines hermitiennes symétriques irréductibles des L*-groupes de type compact. La seconde partie est consacrée a la démonstration du théorème de Mostow pour un L*-groupe semi-simple de type compact. Dans la troisième partie, je construis une structure hyperkaehlérienne sur les orbites complexifiées des orbites coadjointes affines hermitiennes symétriques des L*-groupes semi-simples de type compact.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure and compare the corporate reputation of four staffing and recruitment companies, from the perspective of graduating students. Background: Corporate reputation is a concept that has interested researchers for the last four decades, and still the concept incorporates a number of varied definitions, contexts and measurement methods (Gotsi & Wilson, 2001). Along with definition ambiguity comes also measurement concerns such as whether to aggregate or disaggregate several perspectives into one general index of a company’s reputation. Most researchers agree that corporate reputation is a suitable concept when describing the perceptions that stakeholders have of a company, and that it can only be ascribed to one company. This study takes the perspective to investigate one external stakeholder group of staffing and recruitment companies - graduating students. The group is of interest because it can possibly become an internal stakeholder group - employees. Method: For this study a quantitative method has been applied and an investigation has been made through a survey. Methodology about measuring corporate reputation is discussed, and lay ground for the empirical data collection. An altered version of the Harris-Fombrun Reputation Quotient (RQ) is used, in order to achieve better fit of the instrument and to attain higher reliability and validity. Conclusion: The purpose of this study has been fulfilled by measuring corporate reputation from the perspective of graduating students. empirical data from 125 students has been collected, and four corporate reputations of staffing and recruitment companies have been measured. The findings are not valid for generalisability but enough to give a good estimation of the population of interest. In addition, a disaggregated analysis of the RQ components has confirmed the findings. Using the methodology of the theoretically based Harris- Fombrun Reputation Quotient further validates the findings. Graduating students perceive Academic Work in the most positive way, in respect to the other companies. / Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att mäta och jämföra anseendet av fyra bemannings- och rekryteringsföretag, utifrån avgångsstudenters perspektiv. Bakgrund: Företagets anseende är ett teoretiskt koncept som har intresserat forskare de senaste årtiondena och fortfarande råder delade meningar om definitioner, sammanhang och mätmetoder rörande konceptet (Gotsi & Wilson, 2001). Med tvetydiga definitioner kommer även oklarhet gällande mätningsmetod, som till exempel om man ska summera flera intressenters åsikter till ett övergripande index eller inte. Forskare är eniga om att företagets anseende är ett passande koncept när man ska beskriva de åsikter intressenter har om ett företag. Denna studie undersöker en specifik grupp av bemannings- och rekryteringsföretags externa intressenter, nämligen avgångsstudenter. Denna grupp är intressant då de kan komma att bli interna intressenter, via anställning av ett företag. Metod: Denna studie har en kvantitativ inriktning och undersökningen har utförts med hjälp av en enkät. Metodiken i att mäta företags anseende genom att använda sig av league tabeller och pilotstudier diskuteras och ligger till grund för empiriinsamling. Användandet av en anpassad version av Harris-Fombrun Reputation Quotient (RQ) ger studien ökad validitet och reliabilitet. Slutsats: Syftet med denna studie har blivit uppnått genom att mäta företagens anseende ur avgångsstudenters perspektiv. Empirisk data från 125 studenter har samlats ihop och fyra bemannings- och rekryteringsföretags företagsanseenden har blivit uppmätta. Resultatet kan inte generaliseras för en större population, men den kan användas för att ge en bra indikation hur åsikterna för den specifika populationen är. Vidare har en uppdelad analys av komponenterna i RQ gjorts vilket har kunnat säkerställa resultaten i den totala RQ. Användandet av den teoretiskt grundade RQ ger ytterligare validitet åt resultaten. Avgångsstudenter har mest positiva åsikter om Academic Work i jämförelse med de andra undersökta företagen.